英美文學(xué)選讀教案以及復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)Lecture1WilliamShakespeare1.Introductionofthecourse(1)ThiscourseiscalledSelectedReadingsinEnglishandAmericanLiterature,apulsorycourseforyou.Itwillbefinished12weeks.Andineachweekwellmeeteachothertwotimes.(2)Inthiscourse,youwillhavetoreadsomeoriginalworkstakenfromEnglishandAmericanclassics.Itmaybealittlebitdifficultforyou.However,itsalsoachanceforyoutoknowsomegreattreasuryinworldliteratureandIllhelpyouunderstandthem.(3)Comparingwiththeliteraryhistorycourses,thiscoursemainlyfocusesonoriginalproductions.Thecoursebookisaniceonewithclassicalworksanddetailednotes.(4)Forthefinaltest,10%willbedecidedbyyourattendance,20%byyourhomeworkand70%bythetestpaper.Aboutthehomework,afterwefinisheachwriter,Illgiveyouanamelistofremendedworkswrittenbythewriter.Inthewholesemester,youshouldchooseatleastonepieceofEnglishwritersworksandonepieceofAmericanwritersworksremendedbyme.Andthenyoushouldwriteasmallpaperonthepieceofworksyouchose.Thatmeansyoushouldturnintwopapersinthewholesemester.(5)Averyimportantsuggestion:previewtheproductionsbeforetheclass;otherwiseitllbeverydifficultforyoutocatchmeintheclass.2.WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)(1)HistoricalBackgroundA.QueenElizabethI:apowerfulEnglandwiththefastdevelopmentofcapitalismB.Renaissance:anintellectualmovementsprungfirstinItalyinthe14thcenturyandgraduallyspreadalloverEurope.Twofeaturesarestrikingofthismovement.Theoneisathirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliterature.Anotheristhehumanism,whichmeansthenewfeelingofadmirationforhumanbeautyandhumanachievement.C.ShakespearelivedinsuchaperiodandalsosuchaperiodmadehimthemostfamousandmostimportantEnglishwriter.(2)Life(Readparagraphand2onpage1afterclass.Thesetwoparagraphsaretheintroductionofthegreatwriterslife.)A.Hispleteworksinclude37plays,2narrativepoemsand154sons.B.Heismainlyfamousforhisgreatplays,especiallytheoutstandingFourGreatTragedies.(Hamlet,KingLear,OthelloandMacbeth)Heisalsotheauthorofsomeotherfamousplays,suchasRomeoandJuliet,buttodaywelllearntheexcerptfromoneofhisgreatedies-TheMerchantofVenice,whichwelltalkaboutalittlebitlater.C.Shakespearessonsarealsoverygood.firstintroduceSon18,themostfamoussonwrittenbyShakespeare.(3)Son18A.Asonisalyricpoemconsistingofasinglestanzaoffourteeniambicpentameterlineslinkedbyanintricaterhymescheme.ItwasintroducedtoEnglandfromItalybySirThomasWyattandHenryHoward,EarlofSurrey.(ItisaverypopularpoemformandusedwidelyinEnglishliterature.IntheElizabethera,EdmundSpenserwasalsofamousforhissons.Andlater,JohnMilton,ByronandKeatsallcontributedexcellentsons.)B.Thoughthesonisafixedform,buttherhymeschemeofthesonisnotfixed.(fewminutesforstudentstofindoutthispoemsrhymescheme.)Answer:ababcdcdefefgg.ThisisatypicalrhymeschemeusedbyShakespeareinallhissons.C.Explainthepoemsentencebysentence.temperate:moderateormild;roughwinds:strongwinds;darling:lovely;lease:;plexion:appearance;dim:darkenwithcloud;brag:boast;D.(discuss)Theme:expressingthedeeplovetohisfriend(4)TheMerchantofVeniceA.FamousedywrittenbyShakespeareinhisyouthB.Setting:Venice,theMiddleAgeC.Characters:Bassanio,Antonio,Shylock,Portia(letstudentsdiscussthecharacters)Portia:Shakespearesidealwoman,beautiful,intelligent,cultured,gracious,independent,adaughterofRenaissanceShylock:mostsuessfulcharacter,aJew,agreedyandmercilessusurerandalsoavictimofracialdiscriminationandreligiouspersecution(sympathy)D.Plot:ReadtheintroductionfromP3toP4.E.(Discuss)Theme:Mercywinsovermalice.F.Theselectionisthemostfamoussceneofthewholeplayandalsotheclimaxoftheplay.(Askstudentstoreaditthoroughlyaftertheclass.)Intheclass,welllearnashortparttakenfromthescene.(P10toP11,thefamousstatementaboutmercymadebyPortia)G.(thelastbutnotleast)formoftheplay:versedramawritteninblankversemostlyblankverse:unrhymediambicpentameter.SoonafterblankversewasintroducedbyHenryHoward,EarlofSurreyinhistranslationofVirgilsworks,itbecamethestandardmeterforElizabethanandlaterpoeticdramasandsomepoets,suchasJohnMilton,alsoemployedthisformtotheirlongpoems.(5)RemendedReadingSon29;Son73;Son116;Fourgreattragedies;RomeoandJuliet;AMidsummerNightsDream3.Homework1.PreviewthenextchapteraboutJohnMilton.FindouttheformandrhymeschemeofthepoemToCyriackSkinneronP23.Lecture2JohnMilton(160801674)(ComparingwithWilliamShakespeare,fewpeoplereadhisgreatproductionstoday.However,heisalsoaclassicalwriterinEnglishLiterature.)1.HistoricalBackground(Discussion:AnyimportanteventhappenedduringMiltonslifetimeinBritain)EnglishBourgeoisRevolutionTheconflictsbetweenKing(JamesIandthenCharlesI)andtheParliamentProfoundconflicts:theOldFeudalismandNewCapitalismInreligion:TheAnglicanChurchandthePuritanTheconsequenceofthosecontradictions:theCivilWar(1642-1649)TheKingwasexecutedin1649andmonarchywasabolished.OliverCromwellsdictatorship(1649-1660)TheRestoration:CharlesIIandthenJamesIIGloriousRevolution(1688)2.Lifeborninarichandculturedfamily-handsomeandhardworking-graduatedfromCambridgeUniversityandgotmasterdegree-sixyearsprivatestudyandthemostknowledgeablepoetinBritain-writingpamphletsfortheCommonwealth-blindin1652-arrestedandfinedafterrestoration-producedthreegreatpoemsinplainlifeMostimportantworks-threegreatpoems:ParadiseLost(1667);ParadiseRegained(1671);SamsonAgonistes(1671)(poeticdrama)Besidesthreegreatpoemsinhislateyears,healsowrotesomeexcellentsonsincludingtheonewelllearntoday.ToCyriackSkinner(Askthequestionsofhomework)(Answer:Son;abbaabbacdcdcd)(1)Form:Son(2)Rhymescheme:abbaabbacdcdcd(differentwithWilliamShakespearessons)(3)Explainthepoemsentencebysentence(4)(Discussion)Theme:theauthorspositiveattitudetowardshisblindness(anotheronblindnessseemsmorediscouraged.)4.ParadiseLost(1)Miltonsmasterpiec