牛津高中英語模塊一（第五講）主講教師：邵磊主審：孫德霖【教學(xué)內(nèi)容與教學(xué)要求】教學(xué)內(nèi)容：牛津高中英語模塊一Unit3（上）二、教學(xué)要求：1．學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)摻】怠㈠憻?，描述問題。 2．學(xué)習(xí)e-mail的寫作。 3．語法：非限制性定語從句、反意疑問句?！局R(shí)重點(diǎn)與學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)】重要單詞：stay(系動(dòng)詞：保持),slim,figure,weight,ashamed,recover,failure,contain,chemical,seldom,damage,attractive,touching,embarrassed,pressure,overweight,diet,properly,skinny,consider,fit(強(qiáng)健的),pill,appearance,especially,amazed,archery,squash,aerobics(有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)),triathlon(鐵人三項(xiàng)),category,partial(部分的),response,purpose,confirmation,actually,recognize.二、重點(diǎn)詞組：workout鍛煉、訓(xùn)練,goondiets/adiet實(shí)行節(jié)食,insecret私自,sideeffect副作用,putonweight體重增加,loseweight減肥,beashamedof對(duì)….感到羞恥,anexactmatchfor和….完全匹配的…，followone’sadvice聽從某人的建議,soundfun聽起來象是件有趣的事,teamsport團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng),buildup增強(qiáng),regretdoingsth后悔做了某事,riskdoingsth冒做某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn).三、【語法術(shù)語】non-restrictiveattributiveclause非限制性定語從句,questiontag反意疑問句,positivestatement肯定的陳述句,negativestatement否定的陳述句,personalpronoun人稱代詞,auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞,modelverb情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,imperativeclause祈使句.【難點(diǎn)講解】Whatdoyoudotokeepyourselflookinggoodandfeelinggood？你是怎樣保持自己良好的外在形象和健康的身體狀況的？詢問別人怎樣做某事的可以用“howdoyou…..?”也可以用“whatdoyoudoto….?”。例如：Howdidyoumakethebabystopcrying?Whatdidyoudotomakethebabystopcrying?Keepyourselflookinggoodandfeelinggood是一個(gè)“動(dòng)＋賓語+補(bǔ)語”結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語lookinggoodandfeelinggood作賓補(bǔ)。Dyingtobethin….這是個(gè)雙關(guān)語，既可以理解成“差一點(diǎn)為瘦身而死”，也可以理解為“迫切希望瘦身”。課文主人公Amy因?yàn)榧鼻邢Ｍ３置鐥l的身材服用了一種減肥藥造成肝功能衰竭，差點(diǎn)丟了性命。用這個(gè)雙關(guān)語作課文的標(biāo)題非常巧妙。Dying的本意是“快要死去的，而dyingtodo/be+adj或dyingfor+n則表示“迫切希望…..”。例如：Heisdyingtoseehishomelandagain.I’mdyingforadrinkofrum.Sheisdyingforachancetobebackonthestage.Iknowthepressuretostayslimisaproblem,especiallyforanactress.我知道保持苗條的壓力是一個(gè)，對(duì)于一位女演員來說更是如此。I’mtakingweight-losspillscalledFat-Less,whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere.我在服用一種叫“”的減肥藥，這種藥在年輕女性中很流行。medicine泛指藥物，尤指內(nèi)服藥，表示“治療…的藥”時(shí)后面跟介詞for:themedicineforcold。Pill藥片、藥丸,,表示“治療…的藥”時(shí)前面加定語：sleepingpills。drug藥劑、麻醉藥、毒品，drug(s)表示“治療…的藥”時(shí)和for/totreat連用。Shesayshealthispriceless,andIagree,butthenIlooksoslimatthemoment.她說健康是無價(jià)的，我同意她的說法，但是我現(xiàn)在看起來非常苗條。后綴less加在名詞之后表示“沒有、缺乏”例如：hopeless,helpless,careless,homeless.注意，priceless和worthless,valueless的意思不同。Price指價(jià)格，加less表示“無法估價(jià)的”；worth,value指價(jià)值，加less則表示“沒有價(jià)值的。Then和but連用，起到增強(qiáng)語氣的作用。Theycontainaharmfulchemicalthatcausedmylivertofail.那些藥里含有一種有害的化學(xué)成分，導(dǎo)致我肝功能衰竭。Ithinkyoulookgreatasyouare.我認(rèn)為你現(xiàn)在這樣保持自然本色看起來就很棒。Asyouare是狀語從句意思是“以你本來的面目”As作連詞的用法較復(fù)雜，可以表示“當(dāng)….時(shí)候、因?yàn)?、既然、相比、雖然，按照…做、象…一樣、當(dāng)做，還可以用來指代上文中提到的事情以避免重復(fù)。其中作“雖然、用來指代上文中提到的事情”兩種用法比較特殊，請(qǐng)看例句：Aloneasheis,hedoesnotfeellonely.Tryasyouwould,youcouldnotmakehimchangehismind.Harryisunusuallytall,asarehisbrothers.Remembertotakeitslowlyatfirstandyouwillbuildyourstrengthupquickly.記住剛開始鍛煉時(shí)要慢些，你的體力很快就會(huì)增強(qiáng)。Take在這里意思是“從事…活動(dòng)”it指代sport/exercise。Buildup增強(qiáng)、增加，名詞build-up,例如：Thebuild-upofJapaneseforcesmakestheneighboringcountriesveryuneasy.Somesportsareusuallydoneindoors,whileothersaredoneoutdoors.一些體育活動(dòng)通常是在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行的，另一些則是在室外。Indoor、outdoor是形容詞，只能作定語使用;indoors/outdoors是副詞，作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：Itisanindoorsport.Wecanplaythegameindoors.【語法】一、非限制性定語從句

1)定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開，例如：

Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。（限制性）

Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個(gè)月買的。（非限制性）

2)當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。

Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。

Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本小說很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。

3)非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，例如：

HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。

說明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。二、反意疑問句：反意疑問句是由陳述句以及其后面的簡略疑問句構(gòu)成，前一部分為陳述句，后一部分由助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(人稱代詞)構(gòu)成，可表示真實(shí)的疑問。也可以表示說話者的某種傾向，強(qiáng)調(diào)或反問It’sraining,isn’tit?反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句是肯定的，則疑問部分為否定形式；反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句中若為否定，則疑問部分為肯定形式。前半部分陳述句含有hardly,never,seldom,few,little等詞時(shí)，疑問部分為肯定形式。Wehardlyknoweachother,dowe?Thereislittleleftforustodo,thereis?反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句中若使用了助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞，后半部分先重復(fù)這些動(dòng)詞，然后+not+主語，構(gòu)成簡略句Youcanreadthis,can’tyou?Sheshouldhavearest,shouldn’tshe?如果反意疑問句前半部分肯定句中謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，后半部分一般由didn’t/doesn’t和didn’t+主語構(gòu)成Weneedsomesaladtoo,don’twe?Helookslikehisfather,doesn’the?祈使句后面的反意疑問句是willyou/shallwe?Let’sstopquarrelingandgetdowntobusiness,shallwe?Comeovertomyhouse,willyou?【同步練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇1.Janecouldhardlybecalledbeautiful,____________?A.couldn’tsheB.couldn’tJaneC.wasn’tsheD.couldshe2.Isthisfactory_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.whichB.whereC.towhichD.theone3.Youwillhavesomesparetime_____youcanlearnFrenchathome.A.thatB.whichC.atwhichD.duringwhich4.Weoughttomakefriendswithsuchpeople_____arekindandhardworking.A.whoB.asC.thatD.whom5.Iwassosurprisedthathereturnedhomemuchearlier_____wasexpected.A.asB.thanC.whichD./6.HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.as7.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,_____kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.A.fromwhereB.whichC.whereD.as8.Thatisthegirl_____fatherwehavejustbeenspeaking.A.ofwhoseB.ofwhomC.whoseD.who9.MayorwillmakeaninspectionofourschoolonMonday,_____youcantellhimhowhardthesituationwearein.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that10.Weoftenthinkofthehappiestdays_____wespenttogetherontheislandA.whenB.whichC.thatD.duringwhich用下列單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：figure,weight,shame,recover,fail,contain,chemical,embarrassed,pressure,properly,skin,consider,appearSheisonadiettokeepher___________.Everyonecouldseehis__________whenhewascaughtstealingfoodfromthefrige.Susanisnotthe_______littlegirlsheusedtobe.Youshouldbe________ofsuchbehavior._______isasubjectthatislearntinthelab.TheUNhassent9__________ofreliefsupplytotheearthquakearea.Itisvery___________ofyoutobringmesuchausefulgift.Nowadaysyoungpeoplewilldoanythingtoimprovetheir___________Thiskindofdressisnotvery_______forthewedding.10.Mr.Lee’s________wasapainfulandslowone.11.Hiscarelessnesshasresultedinanother__________.12._________asheis,hecan’tkeephishandformchocolate.13.Reporterstriedto_______himformoreinformation.三、完形填空Withthelongdaysofsummer1andkidsheadingbacktoschool,itseemsthatexerciseshouldbecomeeasiertodoinsteadofharder.But,formanyparents,thatisn'tthe2asschedulesgetcrowedwithactivities,thesungoesdownearlierandthestressofdailylifesetsin.Manypeoplefind3vowing(發(fā)誓)tostartexercisingatsomelatertimewhenthingscalmdownbut,here'ssomethingyoualreadyknow--lifedoesn'tusuallyworkthatway.4ofwaitingforthe'right'time,whynotstartnow?Gettingexercisefirmlyestablishedmakesiteasierforitto5apriority（要優(yōu)先做的事）foryou.Tryingtofititintoacrazyschedulelaterishardtodoandcanresult6stress,guiltandthickerwaistlines（腰圍）.Stayingfittakesalittlework,butit'sworthitinthelongAnyparentknowsthatplanningandpreparationcanmakeadifferenceinhowsmoothlythingsgo.Givingexercisethatsamekindofeffortcanhelpyoumakeithappen.Planoutyourweeklycalendarofwork,familyandotherresponsibilities.Lookfortimesyoucansqueezeinsomeexercise.8youonlyfind10minuteshereorthere,that's10minutesyou'llbemovinginsteadofsitting.Planwhatyou'lldoandwhatyou'llneedtodoit--e.g.,ifyou'regoingtothegymyou'llneedtohaveyourgymbagreadyandsnacks/mealsreadytogo.Prepareasmuchasyoucanbeforehandforsmootherworkouts.Lookforcreativewaystobeactive.Onepersonwhojogsaroundthesoccerfieldatherson'spractices.There’sanotherwhoridesbikeswithhisdaughtereverymorningbeforeschool.Integrating(結(jié)合)exercisewithotheractivitiesisonewaytostay9andstillkeepupwithresponsibilities.Setupabasichomegym.Evenifyoupreferahe