【入門測】請判斷以下句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和基本句型，并翻譯句子AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________________________________________________________________基本句型：_____________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：______________________________________________________________________WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：______________________________________________________________________基本句型：______________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：_____________________________________________________________________It’saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：___________________________________________________________________基本句型：___________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：_________________________________________________________________4.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________________________________________________基本句型：____________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________＂switch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：___________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：________________________________________________________________

思維導(dǎo)圖【知識清單】什么是“三長兩短一并列”如果把句子的主干比作樹干，那么修飾成分就可以比作繁茂的枝葉。若能把這些枝葉(也就是“三長兩短”和并列成分)都標(biāo)記出來，主干自然就清晰了。標(biāo)記時，只需按照句子順序，一個挨一個做出標(biāo)記即可。不過在此之前，我們要先學(xué)會每一種成分該從何處標(biāo)起，又從何處結(jié)束。下面將分別對

“三長兩短一并列”進(jìn)行具體介紹，并給出的每一種成分的標(biāo)記方法。注意，不同成分應(yīng)該用不同的標(biāo)記，如可以給“三長”加括號，給“并列詞”加方框，給“并列項(xiàng)”加下劃線。給“三長兩短一并列”做標(biāo)記1.“三長”(1)介詞短語【定義】從__________開始到__________結(jié)束、表達(dá)____________________的結(jié)構(gòu)?！酒鹬箻?biāo)識】起點(diǎn)：_______________重點(diǎn)：_______________【例句】1.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：_________________________________________________________________TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________________________________________________基本句型：_________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：___________________________________________________________________Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).句子結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________________________________________________________________基本句型：____________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：_____________________________________________________________________(2)從句【定義】從句是復(fù)合句中不能獨(dú)立成句，但具有主語部分和謂語部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、which、if、although等連接詞引導(dǎo)的非主句部分?！酒鹬箻?biāo)識】起點(diǎn)：_______________終點(diǎn)：①_______________，如：LiHuiisateacher(whoteachesEnglish).②_______________，如：(WhenIwasyoung),Ilistenedtotheradio.③_______________，如：IwillinviteYaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)toBeijing.④_______________，如YaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)isstudyinginShanghai.【即學(xué)即練】There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________________________________________________基本句型：________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：___________________________________________________________________2.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：____________________________________________________________________基本句型：_________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：_____________________________________________________________________3.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________________________________________________________________基本句型：___________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：______________________________________________________________________4.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________5.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________(3)非謂語動詞短語【定義】非謂語動詞是指動詞在句子中“不是謂語”時的幾種變化形式。主要包括_____________________________________________三類。非謂語動詞不能獨(dú)立作謂語，而是充當(dāng)句子的其他成分。由_______________開頭的、表示_______________結(jié)構(gòu)叫做非謂語動詞短語?！酒鹬箻?biāo)識】起點(diǎn)：_____________________________________________終點(diǎn)：①_______________，如：LiHuiisateacher(teachingEnglish).②_______________，如：(ToimprovemyEnglish),IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③_______________，如：Jackwalkedintothehall,(waving)totheaudience.(totheaudience是介詞短語，屬于另一修飾成分。)④_______________，如：We,(singingahappysong),rodetoschool.【即學(xué)即練】Returningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________________________________________________________________________基本句型：__________________________________________________________________________________句子翻譯：__________________________________________________________________________________2.“兩短”(1)形容詞【定義】形容詞是指用來修飾名詞的單詞，往往帶有____________________等后綴。【常見位置】①一般置于__________之前，如abeautifulpark。②修飾______________________________、__________時置于不定代詞之后，如“重要的事”應(yīng)譯為_______________________。(2)副詞【定義】副詞用來修飾______________________________，往往帶有__________后綴?！境Ｒ娢恢谩坑⒄Z中，副詞的用法比形容詞靈活得多。①可置于__________，如：Unfortunately,hefailedtomakeit.②可置于__________，如：Theteachergreetshisstudentsindividually.③可置于______________________________，如：Theprincesslooksextremelybeautifultoday.Heimmediatelysawtheblackcat.Hehasundoubtedlyfalleninlovewiththeprincess.Hecanhardlyspeakanything.④可置于__________，如：Thereisanextremelybeautifulgardeninourcampus.3.平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)【定義】并行并列結(jié)構(gòu)是指由并列詞將兩個或兩個以上含義相似、結(jié)構(gòu)相同的并列項(xiàng)連接起來構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)?！緲?biāo)記方法】給平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)做標(biāo)記的要求是：給并列詞加方框，給并列項(xiàng)加下劃線。【常見并列關(guān)系】英語中可以并列的成分有很多，讀句子時要注意識別到底是誰跟誰并列。①__________并列：Iliketheboxplacedonthedeskandtheflowersinyourhand.②__________并列：Mr.Smithisakind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher.③__________并列：Youaresupposedtoanswerthefollowingquestionsquicklyandaccurately.④__________并列：WiththeInternet,peoplecannotonlyplaycomputergamesbutalsodoonlineshopping.⑤__________并列：Andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth.⑥__________并列：I’vefinishedreadingthebook(whichiswrittenbyMoYan)and(whichyoulentmelastmonth).⑦_(dá)_________并列：Singingandlaughing,weheadedtothepark.⑧__________并列：Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.【即學(xué)即練】Trustyourself,writedownyourgoalsfort