第01講：名校高中自主招生詞匯一一語(yǔ)篇填空專(zhuān)練詞匯語(yǔ)篇填空樣題以及答案分析Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.詞匯樣題AA.shapeB.encourageC.globalD.trendE.extremeF.dramaticallyG.reallyH.squeezeI.natureJ.harvestK.necessarilyTheworldisfacinganincreasingriseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearsthe 1 populationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity（壽命）translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwillleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletherapidlyexpandingnumberofretireeswill 2 governmentbudgets.Buttheconceptofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandtheidleoldmissesanew 3 :thegrowinggapbetweentheskilledandunskilled.Employmentratesarefallingamongyoungerunskilledpeople,butolderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.Thedivideismost 4 inAmerica,wherewell-educatedolderpeopleareputtingoffretirementwhileless-skilledyoungerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.Policyispartlyresponsible.ManyEuropeangovernmentshaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedto 5 peopletoretireearly.Risinglifeexpectancy（預(yù)期壽命）,combinedwiththeshrinkingpensionplans（養(yǎng)老金計(jì)戈II）meansthateventhebetter-offpeoplemustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement.Butthechanging 6 ofworkalsoplaysabigrole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinueto 7 richrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethantheirparentsandgrandparents.Technologicalchangemaywellstrengthenthatshift:theskillsthataremainlydisplayedincomputers,frommanagementtocreativity,donot 8 declinewithage.Thistrendwillbenefitnotjustfortunateolderpeoplebutalso,insomeways,societyasawhole.Growthwillslowless9thanexpected:governmentbudgetswillbeinbetter 10 , ashigherearnerspaytaxesforlonger.Richcountrieswithlotsofwell-educatedolderpeoplewillfindtheburdenofageingeasiertobearthanplaceslikeIndia,wherehalfofall55-to-64-year-oldsdidnotcompleteprimary-schooleducation.答案分析.答案為C。名詞popuEion前的空格應(yīng)填形容詞，作定語(yǔ)。形容詞global意為“世界的”句子譯文：未來(lái)20年，世界65歲以上的老年人口幾乎要翻一潞，從6億增至11億。.答案為H。will加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成?般將來(lái)時(shí)，空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞squeeze意為“擠壓”。句子譯文：20世紀(jì)人類(lèi)的壽命延長(zhǎng)了，從而延長(zhǎng)了退休歲月，并不是工作年限，許多觀(guān)察家認(rèn)為這個(gè)變化將導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩，與此同時(shí)，退休人口迅速膨脹還將擠壓政府預(yù)算。.答案為D。形容詞new修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞trend意為“趨勢(shì)”。句子譯文：但是，人們的觀(guān)念常常將忙碌的青年和休閑的老年人作截然劃分，卻無(wú)視一個(gè)新趨勢(shì)：擁有技能者和缺乏技能者之間日益擴(kuò)大的差距。.答案為Eomost修飾形容詞，構(gòu)成形容詞最高級(jí)，空格應(yīng)填形容詞。形容詞extreme意為“極端的”。句子譯文：在美國(guó)兩極分化特別明顯，受過(guò)良好教育的老年人一再延遲退休，缺乏技能的青壯年卻早早退出職場(chǎng)。.答案為B。usedtodosth,空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式。動(dòng)詞encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)二句子譯文：許多歐洲國(guó)家的政府放棄了原先鼓勵(lì)人們提早退休的策。.答案為I?，F(xiàn)在分詞changing作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞nature意為“性質(zhì)”。句子譯文：但是，不斷變化的工作性質(zhì)也起著很大作用。.答案為J。continuetodosth,空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式。動(dòng)詞harvest意為“收獲”。句子譯文：受過(guò)高等教育人群的薪資迅速增長(zhǎng)，即使進(jìn)入老年依然收入頗豐，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在受過(guò)良好教育的老年人創(chuàng)造的效益遠(yuǎn)高于他們的父祖輩。.答案為Kc副詞修飾動(dòng)詞decline,作狀語(yǔ)，空格應(yīng)填副詞。副詞necessarily意為“一定地句子譯文：科技革新使轉(zhuǎn)型更加鞏固：主要在企業(yè)管理和科技創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域得以展現(xiàn)的計(jì)算機(jī)能力并不一定隨年紀(jì)變老而退步。.答案為F。less修飾副詞，構(gòu)成副詞比較級(jí)，修飾動(dòng)詞slow,空格應(yīng)填副詞。副詞dramatically意為“急劇地二句子譯文：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)不會(huì)如預(yù)期的那樣急速放緩。.答案為A。better,形容詞比較級(jí)，修飾名詞：beinsth,介詞in后接名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞shape意為“形態(tài)：狀況句了?譯文：隨著高收入者納稅年限延長(zhǎng)，政府預(yù)算狀況將更趨良好。詞匯樣題BA.tragicB.heroicC.universalD.desireE.senseF.zonesG.endH.meansI.conditionsJ.fascinationK.familiarWhatisitaboutthewreckoftheR.M.S.Titanic?Why,acenturylater,dopeoplestillspendsomuchbrainpowerandtechnological 1 uponthisgraveyardofmetalmorethantwomilesbeneaththeoceansurface?Why,likePearlHarbor,groundzero,andonlyafewotherdisaster 2 ,doesitmakesuchamagneticimpactonourimagination?ForsomeTitanic'sdestructionliesattheheartofitsattraction.Thishasalwaysbeenasensationalstory:Ashipsostrongandsogrand,sinkinginwatersocoldandsodeep.ForotherstheTitanic's 3_beginsandendswiththepeopleonboard.Ittooktwohoursand40minutesfortheTitanictosink,justlongenoughfor2,208 4 performancestounfold,withtheship'slightsflooding.Onemanissaidtohavemadeforthelifeboatsdressedinwomen'sclothing,butmostpeoplewerehonorable,many 5 .Thecaptainstayedatthebridge,thebandplayedon,theMarconiwirelessradiooperatorscontinuedsendingtheirdistresssignal(求救信號(hào))untilthevery 6 .Howtheylivedtheirfinalmomentsisthestuffof 7 interest,adanceofdeaththatneverends.Butsomethingelse,beyondhumanlives,wentdownwiththeTitanic:Anillusion(幻想)oforderliness,afaithintechnologicalprogress,a(n) 8 forthefuturethat,asEuropedriftedtowardfull-scalewar,wassoonreplacedbyfearsandworriesalltoo 9 toourmodemworlds."Thetitanicdisasterwastheburstingofabubble,“explorerandfilmmakerJamesCameronsaid."Therewassucha(n) 10 ofbounty(慷慨贈(zèng)予)inthefirstdecadeofthe20thcentury.Elevators!Automobiles!Airplanes!Wirelessradio!Everythingseemedsowondrous,onanendlessupwardrise.Thenitallcamecrashingdown.^^(FromNationalGeographic,April2012,p.88)答案分析.答案為H。spendsthon/uponsth,動(dòng)詞spend后接名詞，作賓語(yǔ)。形容詞technological修飾作賓語(yǔ)的名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞means意為“方法；手段”。句子譯文：為何整整一個(gè)世紀(jì)之后人們?nèi)匀粚⑷绱司薮蟮闹橇涂萍假Y源投入2英里深的海底金屬墳場(chǎng)？.答案為F。名詞disaster作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞zones意為“區(qū)域”。句子譯文：為何泰坦尼克號(hào)以及珍珠港、世貿(mào)大廈遺址等極少數(shù)甫災(zāi)發(fā)生地對(duì)我們的想象力產(chǎn)生如此刻骨銘心的影響？.答案為J。theTitanic's,名詞所有格修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞fascination意為“魅力”；動(dòng)人心魄。句子譯文：對(duì)于其他人，驚心動(dòng)魄的是泰坦尼克號(hào)與船上的人們同時(shí)開(kāi)始同時(shí)結(jié)束的下沉過(guò)程。.答案為A。形容詞修飾名詞performances,作定語(yǔ)，空格應(yīng)填形容詞。形容詞tragic意為“悲慘的符合題意。形容詞heroic意為勇敢無(wú)畏的。并不是每個(gè)乘客和船員都有勇敢無(wú)畏的表現(xiàn)。此詞不合題意。句子譯文：2小時(shí)40分鐘，泰坦尼克號(hào)完全沉沒(méi)，這么長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間足以讓2208名乘客和船員參演的悲劇在輪船泛光燈映照下漸次展開(kāi)。.答案為B.空格應(yīng)填形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。形容詞heroic意為“勇敢無(wú)畏的"?！璪utmostpeoplewerehonorable,manyheroic.是省略句。完整的句子是：...butmostpeoplewerehonorableandmanypeoplewereheroic.句子譯文：據(jù)說(shuō)有一男子裹著女人衣服跑向救生艇，但是多數(shù)人品格高尚，許多人勇敢無(wú)畏。.答案為G。介詞until后接名詞，形容詞very意為“正是的"，修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞end意為“終結(jié)”。句子譯文：船長(zhǎng)鎮(zhèn)守駕駛艙，樂(lè)隊(duì)仍在演奏，馬可尼式無(wú)線(xiàn)電發(fā)報(bào)機(jī)的發(fā)報(bào)員不停地發(fā)出求救信號(hào)，宜至那最后時(shí)刻。.答案為C。形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞interest,空格應(yīng)填形容詞。形容詞universal意為“普遍的”。句子譯文；他的最后時(shí)到是一場(chǎng)無(wú)體止的死亡之舞，引起世人普遍關(guān)注。.答案為D。不定冠詞a后接名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞desire意為“愿望”。.答案為Ko空格填形容詞。形容詞familiar意為“熟悉的alltoo=muchto意為"太"。alltofamiliartourmodernworld作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞fearsandworries。句子譯文：隨泰坦尼克號(hào)一起下沉的，除了人的生命，還有對(duì)秩序的幻想、對(duì)科技進(jìn)步的信念、對(duì)未來(lái)的展望，這一切，又隨歐洲滑向全面戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，很快被現(xiàn)代世界再熟悉不過(guò)的恐懼和焦慮情緒所取代。.答案為E。不定冠詞a后接名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞sense意為“感覺(jué)”。句子譯文：20世紀(jì)頭10年，世人有一種萬(wàn)物皆備于我的感覺(jué)。詞匯樣題CA.extraordinaryB.uniqueC.extendedD.dottedE.accusedF.nativesG.reformsH.runsI.seeksJ.confusesK.easyEverycityhasarhythm,apulsethatmakesitmove.InShanghai,oneofthefastestgrowingcitiesintheworld,it's 1 togetlostinthecontinuousthunderofjackhammersandpiledrivers,bulldozersandbuildingcranes.TheincreasingskyscrapersandconstructionsitesarepartofashockingrevolutionthatShanghaiwillshowoffashostofExpo2010,which 2 fromMaythroughOctober.TheriseofChina'sonlytrulyglobalcity,however,isdrivennotbymachinesbutbyanurbanculturethatfollowsitsownbeat—acceptingthenewandtheforeignevenasit 3 toregainitspastglory.Shanghai 4 formanurbantribe,setapartfromtherestofChinabylanguage,customs,architecture,food,andattitudes.Theirculture,oftencalledhaipai（Shanghaistyle）,emergedfromthecity's 5 historyasameetingpointofforeignmerchantsandChinesemigrants.Butovertheyearsithasbecomeahybrid（混合體）that6theveryideaofEastandWest.<4Inforeigners'eyesShanghaiispartof'mysteriousChina,saysZhouLibo,alocalcomedian."IntheeyesofotherChinese,Shanghaiispartoftheoutsidewofid."ShenHongfei,oneofShanghai'sleadingculturalcritics,alsopointsout,"We'vealwaysbeen 7 ofworshippingforeigners,buttakingforeignideasandmakingthemourownmadeusthemostadvancedplaceinChina.”WhenChina'seconomic 8 beganinthe1980s,Shanghai'smomentarrived.FueledbyyearsofgrowthfasterthanChina'sasawhole-andaculturenowdealingcomfortablywiththeoutsideworld-thecityiseagertorecapturethegloriesofthepast.TwentyyearsagotheEuropeanbuildingsontheBund（夕卜灘）staredacrosstheHuangpuRiveratlow-lyingfarmland 9 byfactories;todaymanyskyscrapershavesprunguponthatsameland,includingthe101-storyWorldFinancialCenter.Altogether,thecityhasaddedmorethan4,000high-rises.Foraplaceoncedominatedbybicycles,themost 10 sightmaybehorizontal:nearly1,500milesofroadsinandaroundShanghaithatdidnotexistadecadeago.答案分析.答案為K。空格填形容詞easy,意為“容易的It'seasytogetlost...形容詞easy作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。句子譯文：上海是世界上發(fā)展最快的城市之一，人們很容易在風(fēng)鉆、打樁機(jī)、推土機(jī)、起五機(jī)持續(xù)不斷的轟鳴聲中迷路..答案為H。關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，后接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞runs意為“延續(xù)”。句子譯文：越來(lái)越多的摩天大樓和建筑工地是上海震驚世界的巨變的一部分，

作為從5月開(kāi)館至10月的2010年世博會(huì)的主辦城市，上海將向世界展示這一巨變。.答案為I。代詞il作主語(yǔ)，后接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞seeks。seeklodosth意為“試圖、設(shè)法做某事”。句子譯文：然而，中國(guó)唯一真正的全球城市振興的驅(qū)動(dòng)力，不是（工地上的）機(jī)器，而是一種城市文化。上海的城市文化走自己的路子：力圖拾回昔日榮耀的同時(shí)，欣然接納外來(lái)的新事物、新思潮。.答案為F?？崭裉蠲~natives,意為“當(dāng)?shù)厝薙hanghainatives上海人。句子譯文：上海人形成的城市族群在語(yǔ)言、習(xí)俗、建筑、飲食和思想觀(guān)念上與中國(guó)其他地方迥然相異。.答案為B。形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞history,空格應(yīng)填形容詞。形容詞unique意為“特有的”。句子譯文：上海是外國(guó)商人和內(nèi)地移民的交匯點(diǎn)，常被稱(chēng)為海派（上海風(fēng)格）的城市文化在特有的城市歷史中逐漸形成。.答案為J。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，后接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞confuses意為“使混合”。句子譯文：但是多年以來(lái)，海派文化已然成為融匯東西方思想的混合體。.答案為E。havebeendone,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)態(tài)，空格應(yīng)填過(guò)去分詞accused。beaccusedofsth意為“被指責(zé)句子譯文：我們老是被人指責(zé)崇洋媚外，但是，吸收外來(lái)思想，把它們?nèi)芑谖覀兊奈幕?，使上海成為中?guó)最先進(jìn)的地方。.答案為G。形容詞economic作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞，空格應(yīng)填名詞。名詞reforms意為“改革”。句子譯文：20世紀(jì)80年代中國(guó)開(kāi)始經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，上海的機(jī)遇到來(lái)了。.答案為D。動(dòng)詞dot意為“點(diǎn)綴；遍布”?？崭駪?yīng)填過(guò)去分詞dotted,作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞farmland。句子譯文：20年前，外灘沿岸歐式建筑與黃浦江對(duì)岸間或有廠(chǎng)房隱顯的平坦的農(nóng)田遙遙相望。.答案為Ao形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞sight,空格應(yīng)填形容詞。形容詞extraordinary意為“驚人的”。句子譯文：曾經(jīng)滿(mǎn)大街跑自行車(chē)的地面上最嘆為觀(guān)止的景象應(yīng)該是，上海及周邊地區(qū)10年前還是一片空白的地方鋪設(shè)「近1500英里的道路。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練:

（1）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonwordmorethanyouneed.A.launchedB.unpleasantC.applyingD.technicallyE.impactF.coatingGfixedH.miraculouslyI.superiorJ.advancesHowwouldyouliketowearthesame （內(nèi)衣褲）forweeks?Owingtotheworkthathasgoneintodevelopingintelligentmaterials,thismaynotbeas41asitsounds.Self-cleaningclotheshavenowbeencreated,andthesenewmaterialsprovide42resistancetodirtaswellaswater.Asaresult,theyrequiremuchlesscleaningthantraditionalmaterials.Thecreationofself-cleaningclothesprovidesanexampleofhownaturehelpsscientistsdevelopbetterproducts.Thisself-cleaningnatureisknownasthe“l(fā)otuseffect”.Thenamecomes,ofcourse,fromthelotusleaves,whicharefamousforgrowinginmuddylakesandriverswhileremainingalmost43clean.Byobservingnature,scientistsare44thequalitiesofthelotusleavestothematerialstheyhaveengineered.Becauseofthis,someremarkablenewproductshavebeen45.Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatareresistanttodirtandwater.Aspecial46onthesewindowsnotonlypreventsdirtfromstickingtotheirsurfaces,butalsoallowsdusttobeeasilywashedoffbytherain.Infact,thesenewwindowshavealreadybeen47tosomecars.Evenwhentravelingathighspeedthroughrain,thesecarsneverhavetousetheirwindshieldwipers（雨刮器）.Althoughwehavealreadyseensomepracticalapplications,evenmoredramatic48willbemadeinthefuture,andtheywill,perhaps,changeourworldcompletely.Undoubtedly,technologyisanimportantdevelopment,anditwillhaveanevenbigger49onourlives.7.48.49.(2)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonwordmorethanyouneed.A.populationB.speciallyC.wealthD.scientificE.debtF.knowledgeGsurvivedH.HkelyI.agriculturalJ.developedFormostofhumanhistory,humanshuntedanimalsandgatheredwildfoodsuchasfruit,seedsandnutsinordertosurvive.Itwasnotuntilthe'41revolution'10,000yearsago,whichisquiterecentintermsofworldhistory,thatwebegantogrowenoughfoodtoliveon.Familygroups42andgrewbychoosingtoworktogether,andthesocialstructureofourmodemsocietydeveloped.Overseveralthousandyears,peoplebegantoplantcropsandraiseanimalsfortheirmeatandskin.Latertheybegantousethemtohelpwithfarmwork.Villagesgrewlargerandthe43increased.Thisprocesscontinueduntilaround400yearsagowhen44andindustrialrevolutionsbegan.Byusingscientificmethodsinagriculture,peoplewereabletogrowmorefood.Newtypesofplantsweregrownandexistingoneswere45togrowmorefood.Usingfertilizermadecropsgrowfasterandstronger.Cropsweredevelopedwhichcouldsurviveagainstpests.Animalswere46bredtogivemoremeatandmoremilk.Moreandbetterfood,aswellasdevelopmentsinmedical47,meantpeoplewerehealthierandlivedlonger.Theproblemis,theincreased48oflargepartsoftheworldhasresultedinmanydifficultiesdespiteimprovementsinlivingstandardsfbrmanypeople.Oneofthequestionsis.howtodividetheworld'swealthmoreevenly.Whilemanycountriesproducemorefoodthantheycanuse.others,forexampleinAfrica,arein49andcannotsupporttheirpopulation.41. 41. 42.47. 48.43. 44. 45. 46.49. Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonwordmorethanyouneed.A.primarilyB.similarC.consideratelyD.connectionE.instructedF.seriesGpersonalH.servedI.definedJ.environmentInastudyoftheuniversityofMinnesota,twins(someraisedtogetherandotherswhohadgrownupapart)weretestedforawiderangeofpersonalitytraits(特征).Intermsofhappiness-41astheabilitytoenjoylife-twinswhoareseparatedsoonafterbirthweremuchlessalikethantwinsraisedtogether.Butwhenitcomestounhappiness,thetwinsraisedapart-somewithoutcontactforaslongas64years-wereas42asthosewhohadgrownuptogether.Whyisunhappinesslessinfluencedby43?Whenwearehappy,wearemoreresponsivetopeopleandkeepup44betterthanwhenwearefeelingsad.Thisdoesn'tmean,however,thatsomepeoplearebomtobesadandthat'sthat.Unhappinessmayberelatedtogenes,butthisinheritedtraitcanbeinfluencedby45choice.Youcanincreaseyourhappinessthroughyourownactions.Inawhole46ofexperimentsbypsychologistsJohnReichandAlexZautraatArizonaStateUniversity,theyaskedstudentstoselecttheirfavouriteactivitiesfromalistofeverydaypleasures—thingslikegoingtoamovie,talkingwithfriendsandplayingcards.Thentheresearchers47someofthestudentsintheexperimenttoincreasethenumberoffavouriteactivitiestheparticipatedinforonemonth(theparticipantsinthestudy48ascontrols(對(duì)照組)anddidnotvarytheiractivitylevel).Result:Thosewhodidmoreofthethingstheyenjoyedwerehappierthanthosewhodidn't.Theconclusion,then,isthatthepleasurewegetfromlifeis49ourstocontrol.9.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.especiallyB.principlesC.awardD.disciplineE.attractiveF.actuallyGcoldH.holdI.principalJ.immaturityWhatpersonalqualitiesaredesirableinateacher?Ithinkthefollowingwouldbegenerallyaccepted.First,theteacher,spersonalityshouldbelivelyand41.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoareplain-looking,orevenugly,becausemanysuchpeoplehavegreatpersonalcharm.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,sad,42 .andfrustrated.Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagenuinecapacityforsympathy,acapacitytounderstandthemindsandfeelingsofotherpeople,43 .sincemostteachersareschoolteachers,themindsandfeelingsofchildren.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant(容；2)-???not,indeedofwhatiswrong,butoftheweaknessesand44ofhumannaturewhichcausepeople,andagainespecially,children,tomakemistakes.Thirdly,145itessentialforateachertobebothintellectualandmorallyhonest.Thismeansthathewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengthsandlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoral46bywhichhislifeshallbeguided.Thereisnocontradiction（矛盾）inmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.Thatispartofthetechniqueofteaching,whichdemandsthateverynowandthenateachershouldbeabletoputonanact--toenlivenalesson,correctafault,or47praise.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.Ateachermustbecapableofgreatpatience.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterofself-48 -andself-training,fornoneofusarebornlikethat.Finally,Ithinkateachershouldhavethekindofmindwhichalwayswantstogoonlearning.Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfect;thereisalwayssomethingmoretolearnaboutit.Therearethree.49objectsofstudy:thesubjectswhichtheteacheristeaching;themethodsbywhichthesubjectscanbestbetaughttotheparticularpupilsintheclassesheisteaching;and---byfarthemostimportantthechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomthesubjectsaretobetaught.9.（5）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.additionalB.producingC.regularD.predictedE.identifiedFatmosphereGmatchedH.reducingI.carriedJ.increaseForestsinthenorthernhalfoftheglobecouldbegrowingfasternowthantheywere200yearsagoasaresultofclimatechange,accordingtoastudyoftreesineasternAmerica.Thetreesappeartohavefastergrowthratesduetolongergrowingseasonsandhigherconcentrations（濃度）ofcarbondioxideinthe41.GeoffreyParker,ascientistattheSmithsonianEnvironmentalResearchCentreinEdgewater.Maryland,saidthattheincreaseintherateofgrowthwasunexpectedandmightbe42tothehighertemperaturesandlongergrowingseasonsdocumentedintheregion.Thegrowthmayalsobeinfluencedbythesignificant43inatmosphericCO2,hesaid.11Wemadealistofreasonstheseforestscouldbegrowingfasterandthenexcludedhalfofthem,'*DrParkersaid.Theirstudysuggeststhatnorthernforestsmaybecomeincreasinglyimportantin44theinfluenceofman-madeCO2ontheclimate.DrParkerandhiscolleagueshave45outadetailedrecordofthetreesona(n)46basissince1987.Theycalculatedthatduetotheglobalwarmingtheforestisproducing47tonsofwoodeachyear.Thescientists48thelandwithtreesatdifferentstagesofgrowthandfoundthatbothyoungandoldtreeswereshowingincreasedgrowthrate.Morethan90percentofthetreegroupshadgrownbybetweentwoandfourtimesfasterthanthescientistshad49fromestimatesofthelong-termratesofgrowth.7.48.49.(6)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.recoveryB.imagesC.instantD.blameE.shockingF.accuracyG.concentrateH.awardedI.finedJ.estimateThinkyoucanwalk,rive,takephonecalls,emailandlistentomusicatthesametime?Well,NewYork'snewlawsaysyoucan't,andyouI'llbe41$100ifyoudoitonaNewYorkCitystreet.Thelawwentintoforcelastyear,followingrecentresearchanda(n)42numberofaccidentsthatinvolvedpeopleusingelectronicdeviceswhencrossingthestreet.Who'sto43?scientistssaythatourmultitasking(處理多重任務(wù)的)abilitiesarelimited.“WeareundertheimpressionthatourbraincandomorethanitoftencanJsaysReneMarois,ascientistinTennessee.uButamajorlimitationistheinabilityto44ontwothingsatonce.”Theyoungareoftenconsideredthegreatmukitaskers.However,anOxfordUniversityresearchsuggeststhisideaisopentoquestion.Agroupof18-to21-year-oldsandagroupof35-to39-year-oldsweregiven90secondstotranslate45intonumbers,usingasimplecode.Theyoungergroupdid10percentbetterwhennotinterrupted.Butwhenbothgroupswereinterruptedbyaphonecalora(n) 46message,theoldergroupmatchedtheyoungergroupinspeedand47.Itisdifficulttomeasuretheproductivitylostbymultitaskers.Butitisprobablyalot.ItisestimatedthatthecostointerruptionstotheAmericaneconomyisnearly$650billionayear.The48isbasedonsurveyswithofficeworkers.Thesurveysconcludethat28percentoftheworkers9timewasspentoninterruptionsand49timebeforetheyreturnedtotheirmaintasks.7.48.49.(7)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.meansB.sufficientC.treasureD.enormouslyE.careF.traditionalGextensivelyH.processI.majorJ.noteIfyouworryaboutfoodsafetyyoushouldknowthatGM（轉(zhuǎn)基因的）foodsareassafeasotherfoodsandthatGMcropsaregrownwithfewerpesticide（農(nóng)藥）applicationsthan41crops.Ifyou42butterfliesyouneedtoknowthatpesticidesusedinconventionalfarmingarefarworsethanGMcropsforbutterflies.Ifyouhaveallergies（過(guò)敏癥）youneedtoknowthatGMtechnologycaneliminatefoodallergens（過(guò)敏原）andthatallGMcropsare43testedtomakesurethatnonewallergensareintroduced.Moreover,GMcropsarebeingcreatedinwhichthe44allergenshavebeeneliminated.Ifyouareworriedaboutcanceryoushouldtake45ofthefactthat99.99percentofcarcinogens（致癌力勿）inyourfoodsupplyarenaturalchemicalsthathumanbeingshavebeeneatingforthousandsofyears.However,GMtechnologyprovidesthe46ofincreasinglevelsofdifferentantioxidants（抗氧劑）knowntopreventcancer.Ifyouareawomanandworriedaboutgetting47ironyoushouldknowthatgeneticmodificationcanincreasetheironcontentofcerealsandhaseliminatedchemicalthatpreventsironabsorption.Ifyouhavedoubtsaboutthegovernment'sapprovalofGMcropsyouneedtoknowthatextensivetestingandalongapproval48accompanyeveryGMcropsintroduction.IntheUnitedStates,threeagenciesregulatethesecrops.Ifyou49abouttheenvironmentyoumaywanttoknowthatGMfoodscanmakeasignificantcontributiontoreducingthenegativeimpactthatagriculturehasonourenvironment.9.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accuratelyB.advantageC.desirableD.humbleE.inquiringF.knowingG.processingH.rapidlyI.targetJ.translateAsuccessfultranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhissourcelanguage,fullfacilityinthehandlingofhis41language,whichwillbehismothertongueorlanguageofhabitualuse,andaknowledgeofthelatestsubject-matterinhisfieldsofspecialization.Thisishisprofessionalequipment.Inadditiontothis,itisdesirablethatheshouldhavean42mind,wideinterests,agoodmemoryandtheabilitytograspquicklythebasicprinciplesofnewdevelopments.Heshouldbewillingtoworkonhisown,oftenathighspeeds,butshouldbe43enoughtoconsultothersshouldhisownknowledgenotalwaysproveadequatetothetaskinhand.Heshouldbeabletotypefairlyquicklyand44and,ifheisworkingbasicallyasaninformationtranslator,letussay,foranindustrialfirm,heshouldhavetheflexibilityofmindtoenablehimtoswitch45fromonesourcelanguagetoanother,aswellasfromone-subject-mattertoanother,sincethisabilityisfrequentlyrequiredofhiminsuchwork.Bearinginmindthenatureofthetranslator'swork,i.e.the46ofthewrittenword,itis,strictlyspeaking,unnecessarythatheshouldspeakthelanguagesheisdealingwith.Ifhedoesspeakthem,itisan47ratherthanahindrance（障礙），butthisskillisinmanywaysaluxurythatmakesnomuchdifferencetohim.Itis,however,48thatheshouldhavearoughideaaboutthepronunciationofhissourcelanguages,evenifthisisrestrictedto49howpropernamesandplacenamesarepronounced.7.48.49.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.worthyB.recognitionC.objectedD.normallyE.restF.optionalG.formallyH.suggestionI.considerateJ.stickVisitorsusuallyfindmostAmericans,foralltheirinformality,verypolite.Thisreputationseemsto41largelyonthegreatnumberof“Please''and"Thankyou“wedeliver,butalsoonthegeneral42givenbystrangers.Oneshouldbe43ofwaiters,garageattendants,andhouseholdhelpaswellasofdoctorsandsenators.“ThewayyouAmericanssay'Thankyou'and*Youarewelcome'allthetimeishypocritical(虛偽的),"44oneforeigner,€tyoudon'treallymeanitJitistruethatwedon'tmeanmuchbyit,butit'sanacknowledgementthatwedon,texpectpeopletodothingsforus.Evenwhenaserviceisnot45suchaswhenreceivingchangeinastore,apersonwhodoesn'tgivethanksappearsrudetoanAmerican.“You'rewelcome^^troublessome