電孑斜技大孕學(xué)號:學(xué)生姓名:一、實驗室名稱：計算機學(xué)院實驗中心二、實驗項目名稱：計算機系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)課程實驗三、實驗原理:學(xué)號:1.由教師給出一個具有基本功能的VenlogHDL流水線源代碼;學(xué)生完成卜.面3個方面的內(nèi)容:（1）自行設(shè)計匯編偽指令格式，完成一個能把自己的匯編指令轉(zhuǎn)換成流水線CPU能夠識別的二進制指令的匯編器，實現(xiàn)語言不限:（2）自行設(shè)計能夠解決數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的機制并基于源代碼進行擴展;（3）自行設(shè)計能夠解決控制相關(guān)的機制并基于源代碼進行擴展。四、實驗?zāi)康?幫助學(xué)生理解流水線的運行機制和基于VenlogHDL硬件描述語言的實現(xiàn)技術(shù)。五、實驗內(nèi)容：（一）基本流水線分析1.1認真閱讀和理解源代碼，請詳細按要求回答每個問題。源代碼中文件是按什么樣的規(guī)律來組織的？答：按照子模塊組織源代碼文件。模塊pipelmedcpu_tb用來控制CPU的時鐘等信號，調(diào)用pipelinedcpu模塊（假定為1級模塊，最高級），1級模塊中按順序調(diào)用各個周期以及周期與周期之間的中間寄存器模塊（假定為2級模塊），2級模塊中調(diào)用各自部件模塊（假定為3級模塊）。模塊pipelinedcpu用來控制每級流水線及流水線級之間的控制信號，寄存器信息，其余子模塊用來具體實現(xiàn)每一級流水線的功能。存儲器的實現(xiàn)方式？答：用一個二維數(shù)組reg[31:0]ram[0:31]實現(xiàn)，其中第一維代表32位地址，第二維代表32位數(shù)據(jù)接「I有：32位輸入數(shù)據(jù)和輸出，32位地址，一個同步時鐘脈沖elk,一個控制寫入的信號we先對二維數(shù)組進行初始化讀數(shù)據(jù)時不需要時鐘脈沖的激勵，寫數(shù)據(jù)時需要時鐘脈沖的上升沿激勵信號并且we信號為1源代碼文件中的流水線與我們課堂上講的原理電路圖有何相同之處，有何不同之處答：相同:WB級，寫回級使用2路32位的多路選擇器來選擇是獲取ALU的計算結(jié)果還是LOAD指令從數(shù)據(jù)存儲器中讀取出來的數(shù)據(jù)。這里與課堂上所講的內(nèi)容基本相同。流水線都分為五個執(zhí)行級，都是在譯碼級產(chǎn)生各種控制信號，一級一級往后傳，分離的指令存儲器和數(shù)據(jù)存儲器。各個部件以及邏輯都沒有太大差異不同:源代碼文件中的流水線中的ALU部件的輸出接在一個兩路選擇器上，并旦沒有zero輸出端，而課堂上的直接輸出到中間寄存器源代碼文件中沒有關(guān)于消除數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的代碼，而課堂上講的原理電路圖有消除數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的線路沒有數(shù)據(jù)前推和load前推的相關(guān)實現(xiàn)，指令格式的區(qū)別，流水線alu運算部件兩個端II都可以接受立即數(shù)。通過分析，寫出本流水線的控制信號有哪些？對比我們課堂上講的控制信號的差別有哪些？答：本實驗的控制信號主要有：wreg、m2reg、wmem、jaRah】c、alumim分別表示指令是否要寫寄存器、信號是否有數(shù)據(jù)存儲器中的數(shù)據(jù)需要寫回寄存器、是否有指令需要往數(shù)據(jù)存儲器中寫數(shù)據(jù)、流水線寄存器R是要寫入ALU的運算結(jié)果還是EPC的內(nèi)容、指令的操作類型，例如加、減、與、或。、ALU的B輸入端是否要選擇立即數(shù)輸入差別主要有：regrt信號控制目的寄存器是rd或rt,sext信號控制是否需要傳遞立即數(shù)，wmem信號控制是否需要訪存，胛1信號控制exe級和mem級之間是傳遞運算結(jié)果還是立即數(shù)，這些信號是課堂上的流水線沒有的。1.2針對流水線的指令集，編寫必要的測試指令，分析運算結(jié)果，回答哪些指令的組合能由此流水線源代碼正確實現(xiàn)，哪些指令的組合不能由此流水線源代碼正確實現(xiàn)。(要求在實驗報告中寫出所完成的測試指令的組合、每個組合的仿真過程及結(jié)果、每個過程和結(jié)果的必要分析。)(1)第一組指令序列指令序列：addr2rl1addr2rl10addrlr31addilr210addr2r21addr2r310subr2rl13截圖：gjXlinK?4￡?D.'iProg^fr久?〔Gimulatjon]<PV:33%，存：5g，2hXJ必必(32W?10413?ti2020-<0263?D2O0O21(M3ni1020050232ti2610101232HM02001232^000000003?ti0000000032QPfcjgSource為皿號”5onch$Hula<ion尖hdowHdpWSjISXI/^ZXXJ?IBira%S□Ch八06m<?I‘1豆巳I#%%%。哀iir11ariaii?>?iicwo上“自Socrces$<rtrc?f?r：?rG3：?必,6”舊W“>，Hcyt__eEr)E[3uqi?SRUmkpiv)tJ[y^jc?<_<ph-j>p<pc?pip<jcv)舊pro—s_eyu>QT?d￡Q2tdf￡32▼)C3回，￡."*<,~》>psf￡v)N(W"_pc-?M〈切iV)辦-3?ja)iQ)[v]ia?t_??g-0?-IHwldv)[Vjd?j?K*>i)v￡u-?cr)Now：

1000nso|Ma|3i^。mg:。]Or^0.63119aLi^eversionofISESinulator.Siwulavorisdoingcircuitmicialirationprocess.Finish*^circuitlEirializarionproe*53.|?l.vcre".―皿呵*|2P，"￡M1『]*r*!?!?<Q3i?C??>?>!<-【PJXR結(jié)果分析：觀察三到九周期的ealu信號分別為(10,1,1,10,1,10,10),第九個周期的ealu為10,該周期執(zhí)行的指令是subi2rlr3;可見第一條指令賦值11=10;第二條指令賦值「2=1;所以最后一條指令subrlrlr2執(zhí)行后結(jié)果為9,符合條件。當(dāng)有數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)時，就會出問題，再觀察第五、六、七兩個周期，指令的執(zhí)行結(jié)果均為lo故該程序不能解決數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)問題。(-)匯編器實現(xiàn)2.1自行設(shè)計與所給出的流水線指令的匯編格式，在下表中寫出。指令指令意義Op[31:26]Op2[25:20][19:15][14:10][9：5][4：0]add寄存器加法00000000000100000rdrsrtaddrdrsrtsub寄存器減法00000000001000000rdrsrtsubrdrsrtmul寄存器乘法00000000001100000rdrsrtmulrdrsrtand寄存器與00000100000100000rdrsrtandrdrsrt01寄存器或00000100001000000rdrsrtorrdrsrtxor寄存器異或00000100010000000rdrsrtxorrdrsrtsra算術(shù)右移000010000001shiftrd00000rtsrardrtshiftsrl邏輯右移000010000010shiftrd00000rtsrlrdrtshiftsll邏輯左移000010000011shiftrd00000rtsllrdrtshiftjreg寄存器跳轉(zhuǎn)0000100001000000000000rs00000jregrsaddi立即數(shù)加法00010116位immediatersrtaddirtrsimmemull立即數(shù)乘法00011116位immediatersrtmulirttsimmeandi立即數(shù)與00100116位immediatersrtaddirtrsimmeon立即數(shù)或00101016位immediatersrtorirtrsimmexori立即數(shù)異或00110016位immediatersrtxorirtrsimmeload取整數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)字00110116位offsetrsrtloadrtrsoffsetstore存整數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)字00111016位offsetrsrtstorertrsoffsetbeq相等則跳轉(zhuǎn)00111116位offsetrsrtbeqrtrsoffsetbne不相等則跳轉(zhuǎn)01000016位offsetrsrtbnertrsoffsetlui設(shè)置高位01000116位immediate00000rtluirtimmejump無條件跳轉(zhuǎn)01001026位addressjumpaddress問子程序調(diào)用01001126位address

jaladdress2.2寫出實現(xiàn)語言、主要數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、主要功能模塊名字和功能、以必要的流程圖。代碼截圖:1224567S910111213141516171827282951525377781224567S91011121314151617182728295152537778793637384S474853545597313233347273742728299495〃代碼如下:略長，咖啡瓜子前排4packagecn.fs21.ia;importjava.util.Arra/List;importjava.util.Iterator;importjava.io.BufferedReader;importjava.ia.File;importjava.iQ.FilerK>tFoundException;importjava.io.FileReader;importjava.io.lOException;importjava.util.ArrayList;importjava.util.HashMap;importjava.util.List;importjava.util.Mapj//mainnuxlulepublicclassmain(=}itoneregularmodulepublicclassoneRegextendsinstruct{n}〃moreregularmodulepublicclassNoreRegextendsinstruct{or}〃binarydefaultmodulepublicclassBinaryDafult{on}〃instructmodulepublicabstractclassinstruct(m}〃errorlogpublicclassErrorLog{ttB}〃decodesourcemodulepublicclassdecodesource(—)〃readsourceinstructmodulepublicclassReadsource{tn〃twoRegularmodulepublicclassTwoRegextendsinstruct{n}〃threeRegularmodulepublicclassThreeRegextendsinstruct{=}〃regbinarymodulepublicclassInstructRegBinary(as}21222324252627282930123333901234567S90123421222324252627282930123333901234567S9012343444444444455555c-

51234567

666&6&c//mainmodulepublicclassmain{publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[])(instructRegBlnarystructbinary=newinstructRegBinary();ArrayList(cstring>)anylist=(ArrayList<string>)structbinsry.setvalues(；);lterator<5tring>forit=anylist.iterator();while(forit.hasMextC))(system.out?printin(forit.next());}}}ffoneregularmodulepublicclassoneRegextendsinstruct{publicStringge-tRs(>{returnRs;}publicvoidsetRs(Stringrs)(Rs=rs;^OverridepublicStringge-tlnstructstrC)(〃too?Auto-generatedmethodstubreturnline**'frype*”'r,*Rs;}publiclnstructoneReg()(setLine();}publicStringgetlype()(returnType;publicvoidsetType(stringtype){Type=type;}〃mareregularmodulepublicclassMoreRegextendsinstruct{publicvoidsetAddress(Stringaddress)(Address=Mdress;|?@Overri-depublicstringgetlnstructstrC)(returnline+"'"+Type/“士明打勇安}publicInstruetfjoneR.eg{)(setLine();}publicstringgetiype()(787980Si828284858687S38990919293949595979899160101102103104105106107108109110111112112114115//binarydefaultmodulepublicclassBinaryDafult{privatestringopljprivateStringop2jprivateStringop2；privatestringrd;privatestringrs;privatestringrt;publicvoidsetRt(5.tringrt){this.rt=rt;}publicvoidsetlGbit(stringstr>{

op2=&tr.substringC?,6);

op3=str.substring(6,11);

rd=str.substringCilj16);publicvoidset2Gbit(Stringstr){op2=str.substring(0/op3=str.substringCS^rd=str.substringCii^rs=str.substringCie^rt=str.substringCSlj6)；ID；16)；21)；26)；publicStringgetlnstructBinaryO{returnopl+op2+""+?op3+""?rd+""+rs?+rt;}publicinstructBinaryDafult()(opi="?wee?";op2=op3=R&eGG0"jrd=n&&0?en;ps=”海?0、；rt=R齡08、；}116117ns11912012112212312412512Spublicvoidsetopl(stringopl)(this.opl=opl;publicvoidsetop2(stringop2)(this.opz=opz；}publicvoidsetOp3(Stringop3)(this.op3=op3；137//instructmodule138Vpublicabstractclassinstruct{13914Qpublicstaticintline=0-141publicstaticvoidsetLine(){142line**;143144publicabstractstringgetiype<);145publicabstractstringgetlnstructstr{);146}147//errorlog148VpublicclassErrorLogf149Vpublicstaticvoiderror(stringstr){150system.out.printin(str)j151System.exit(0);152}153154//decadesourcemodule155Vpublicclassdecodesource(155157Vpublicvoidrelation^{158Listlterator<5tring>it=list.listIterator();159VwhileCit-hasNext()){1G0stringstr=it.next()j161Stringvalues[]=str.split("");162intregNum=map.get(values[e])j163▼if(regNum==3){164stringReg[]=values[l].split(",");165Stringrd=Reg[0]j166VifCit.hasNextO){167str=it.next()j168stringvalue51[]=str.split(”");169regNum=map.get(valuesl[?]);170Vif(regNum==3){171StringRegl[]=valuesl[l].split("j")j172if(pareio(Regl[1])==017311pareio(Regl[2])==9)(174it.previous();175it.add("addi"+""+Reg[。]**Reg[0]*17S*177it.ad<j("addi"十■■十Reg[o]十,，十f?eg[e]十178+e)；179}180▼}elseif(regNum==2)(151StringRegl[]=valuesl[l].split("j")j182if(pareio(Regl[6])==018311pareio(Regl[1])==9)(184it.previous();185it.add("addi"+""+Reg[。]**Reg[0]*186*187it.ad<j("addi"十■■十Reg[o]十,，十f?eg[e]十+e);

17S1791801811821831841S51361S71S81S9190191192193194195196197198199200+}}elseif(regMum==2)(stringRegl[J=valuesl[1].splitf",");if(parero(R.egi[e])==e]]rd.co<iipareio(Regi[1])==0)(it.previousO;it.add("addi"?""+Reg[e],+Reg[e]?"Z+01);it.add("addi"+""+Reg[e]廣，Reg[e]?"Z，。)；}elseif(regMum==1){StringReg2[]=valuesl[1].split(n,n)；if(rd-compareTo(Reg2[0])==0){it.previous。；it.addC^ddi"+■■,Reg[0j+?Reg[0]+"/+e);it.add("addi"十■.骨Reg[e]十■，十Reg[e]十%"十0);}261』262[}203}2C4}205j}26GpublicList<lnstruct>analysis(>(267relationf);265List<Instruct>maplnstruct=ne*iArrayList<>();Stringsourcelnstruct[]=null;if(list!=null){iteratorstring?it=list.iterator<)jwhile(It.hasNextO)(stringstr=it.nextOistringvalues口=str.split("intregNum=map.getCvalues[e]);216switch(reghum){jcase0：:if(values.length==2)(instructFJoneRegnone=newinstructioneR.eg();none.setType(values[??])；none.setAddress(values[l]);maplnstruct?add(none);i}else{：ErrorLog.error(M^析指令是出錯"+str);j}break;icase1;instructoneReginstruct=newlnstructoneR.eg:()jif(values.length==2)(223224225226227223▼229230▼231232233234235236237238239223224225226227223▼229230▼231232233234235236237238239V240241242▼243244245246247248▼249250251252253254255256257258259V262261▼2622632G4265266V267268269276271272273274275▼instructoneReginstruct=newinstructoneaegO;if(values.length==2)(instruct.setTy[>e(values[0]>;instruct.setRs(values[1])jmapinstruct.add(instruct)j}else{ErrarLog.error(N^祈指令是出錯w*str)j}break;case2：instructiwoRegtwo=ne*iInstructTwoReg()jsourcelnstruct=values[1].splitH);if(sourcelnstruct.length==3>(two.setType(values[。]);two.setRs(sourceinstruct[e]);two.setRt(sourceinstruct[l]);two.setlnrn(soureelnstruct[2])jmapinstruct.add(two):)elseif(soureelnstruct.length=2)(two.setTypefvalues[0])jfjtwo.setR.s(sourceinstruct[0]};two.setRt(sourceinstruct[e]);two.setinin("6");mapinstruct.M4(two);}else(ErrorLog.error(n^析指令是出錯”十str);}breakjcase3;instructThreeRfcgthree=newInstructThreeReg();if(values[0].canipareToCsra")]values[0].compareTo(,,5rln)==0Ivalues[e].c?npareTo(r,slln)==e){three.setiype(values[0]);sourceinstruct=values[l]if(sourcelnstruct.length==3>(three.setRdCsourceinstruct[e]);three.setRt(sourceinstruct[i]);three?setlmm(sourcelnstruct[2]>;ma^instruct.M4(three);}else(ErrorLog.error(n^折指令是出錯”+str>;}274275V27&27727S27928。281282283284285286287288289290291292V293294295296297298299'▼300▼301302303304V30530&30730S309310311312▼V31531&31731331&32?321322▼323324V32532&three.setType(values[。]);sourceinstruct=values[l].split(R?r,);three.setR.d(sourceInstruct[0]);three.setns(sourceinstruct[i]);three.setR.t(sourceinstruct[2]>;mapinstruct.a<id(three>;}break;default:ErrorLag.ernor(F,p]操作苻指兮與錯了”+str);})returnmapinstruct;}publicAnalyss.ourcein^truct()(rs=newReadSaurceinstruct()jlist=rs.getListInstructsstr()；map=rs.getRegF4um()j}〃publicclassReadS-ource{publicMap<StringJInteger>getRegNumf){BufferedReaderbfFileReg=null;FileReaderfileReg=null;Map<string?lnteger>map=newHashNap<>();try(stringregstr=”寄存器fileReg=newFileReader(newFile(regstr));readsourceinstructmodule}catch(FilefwtFoundExceptione)(e.printstackiraceO;bfFileReg=ne*/BufferedReader(fiLeReg);Stringstr;try(while((str=bfFileReg.readLine())!=null)(StringsArray[]=str.split("")jif(sArray.length==2){map.put(sArray[e],newinteger(sArray[1])>;}})catch(lOExceptione}{e.printstackirace();}finally{try(fileReg.close(>;bfFileReg.closeO;331returnmap-j332}333334VpublicList<5tring>getListlnstruct55tr()(335Stringstrinstruct="source.txt";336List<string>instructFromsourcestr;337instructFromsourcestr=ne*iArrayList<>();BBSFileReaderfilelnstruct=null;335try(340filelnstruct=newFileReaderfnewFile(strinstruct));341V}catch(FileriotF-oundExceptionel>(342343el.printstackTrac344}345BufferedReaderbfFileInstruct=newBufferedHeader(filelnstruct);34&stringstr;347▼try(348while((str=bfFileinstruct.readLineO)!=null)(349InstructFromSourceStr.add(str);35?}351)catch(lOExceptione>f352e.print5tackTrace(>;353V}finally(354Vtry(355filelnstruct.close();356bfFilelnstruct.close(>;357V}catch(lOExceptione){358system,out.printin取源程序出錯；359e.printstackTrace();360}361}362363returnInstructFromSourceStrj364}365▼publicMapcstring^string>getRegBinary()(366Mapcstring,5tring>map=newHashMap<>();367BufferedReaderbfFileR.eg=null;3GSFileReaderfileReg=null;369▼tryf、370StringregStr=■二誑制序列.txt七371fileReg=newFileReader(newFile(regstr));372bfFileReg=neiuBufferedReader(fileReg);373}catch(FileriotF-oundEKceptione)(374e.print5tackTrace(>;375}376377Stringstr;378▼try(379▼while((str=bfFileReg.readLine())!=null)(38?stringsArray[]=str.split(w381▼ifCsArray.length==2){3S2ifCsArray[l].length()==5)383map.put(sArray[0],sArray[l]);,3822833S438528G387388229390V291392V3932943953962973983994&S401V402403404V405406407408409410411VV414415416417418419420421V422V423424425426427428429430431432433434?if(sapray[1]-lemgth()==5)raap.put(sArray[0],sArray[l]);else5ystem.out.println(”寄存器所對應(yīng)二進制序列不苻合規(guī)定”)；}}}catch(lOExceptione){e.printstacklrace(>;}finally{try{bfFileReg.closeC);-fileReg.closeO;}catch(lOExceptione){e.printstacIcrrace();returnmap;}publicMap<5tring,5tring>getwapoperateBinaryC){Map<stringJstring>map=newnashNap<>();FileReaderfileOpStr=null;try{Stringopstr=”操作碼二波制序列.七虹”；fileop-str=newFileReader(newFile(opstr)}catch(Filer^otFoundExceptione>(e.printstackirac&C)；)BufferedReaderbf-fileopstr=neiuBufferedReader(fileopstr);Stringstr;try{while((str=bffileopstr.readLine())!=null)(String5Array[]=str.split(r,n);if(sArray.length==2)(map.put(sArray[e],sArray[l])j)}catch(lOExcepti-one>(e.printstackirace-O;}finally{try(bffileopstr.close();fileopstr.closeC);}catch(lOExceptione){e.printstacIcrrace()j}}returnnap;}〃publictwoRegularmoduleclassTwoRegextendsinstruct{n433434435436437433434435436437438publicclassTwoRegextendsinstruct{privateStringType;privatestringRs;privatestringRt;privateStringimm;publicStringgetlmmC)(returnimmjpublicvoidsetlmm(stringunm)(Imm=imm;TOC\o"1-5"\h\z}publicinstructTwoRegO(setLine();}publicvoidsetType(Stringtype){Type=type;}publicstringgetRsf)(returnRs;}publicvoidsetRs(5tringrs){f?5=rsj}publicStringgetRtf){returnRt;}publicvoidsetRt(stringrt){Rt=rt;}publicstringgetType()(returnType;}goverri-depublicstringgetlnstructstrO(476471472473474475476476471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485〃threeRegularmodulepublicclassThreeRegextendsinstruct(privatestringRs;privatestringRt;privateStringimrujprivatestringType;privatestringRd;publicInstructThreeRegO{setLine0;}publicstringgetRtf){returnRt;}473//threeRegularinodule■■474▼publicclassThreeR.egextendsInstruct{475privatestringRsj476privatestringRt;477privateStringiron;478privatestringType;479privatestringRd;480publicinstructThreeRegO(481setLine()j482)483publicstringgetRtQ(484returnRt;485)486487publicvoid5etRt(stringrt)(4SSRt=rt;489}490491^Override492▼publicstringgetlnstructstr()(493494returnline*MH*Type+n”管Rd",Prs/,495}496497publicStringgetlmm()(498returniron;499)see501publicvoidsetlmm(stringim)(502this.imm=inrn;503}504publicstringgetType()(505returnType;506)507508publicvoidsetTypefstringtype){509Type=type；sie}511512pub-lieStringgetRdf)(513returnRdj514515516publicvoidsetRd{stringrd)(517Rd=rd;518)519526publicstringgetRs()(521returnRs;522}523524publicvoi-dsetRs(stringrs)(52852852953053153253353453553G53753853954054154254354454554654754854955055155255355455555G5575585595605615625635645G55G6567568569570571572573574575576577578〃regbinarymodulepublicclassinstructRegBinary(privateMap<string,string>mapoperateBinary;privateMap<stringjstring〉mapRegBinaryjprivateList<String>listGoa11nstructjprivateList<lnstruct>listinstruct;privateMap<String/lnteger>mapRegMum;p-ublicins-tructRegainary(){Readsourceinstructrs=ne-wReadsourceinstruct();Analyssourceinstructas=newAnalyssourceinstructC);napRegBinary=rs.getRegBinary(>;listinstruct=as.analysis();napRegNuin=rs.getRegMumOjnapaperateBinary=rs.getwapoperateBinary()jlistGoaHnstruct=newArrayList<>()j}InstructBin3rjDafultibd;privateStringBin26bit(stringaddress)(〃轉(zhuǎn)成二進制stringBuffersb*f=toBin(newinteger(address));stringstr=sb-f.reverse().tostring()j■for(inti=0ji<26?sb-f.length()ji，+){str=R0r,+str;}returnstr^}privateStringBinl&bit(stringaddress){//轉(zhuǎn)成二避制StringBirfferst>f=toBin(newinteger(address));stringstr=st>f.reverse().tostring();for(inti=0ji<16-sbf.length()jir)(str=,礦+str;}return：str;}p-ublicList<String>setvalues(){lterator<lnstruct>it=11stInstruct.iterater();instructinstruct;//要解蓬的寄存器StringtypeBinary;//.咎類型對應(yīng)的握作二進制序列Stringiron;//立即數(shù)字符禹Stringrd」rs,rtj//各寄存器的名字intregNun;//寄存器個數(shù)while(it.hasHex±())(instruct=it.nextC)5regNum=mapRegNum.get(instruct.getType())jswitch(regMun){casee：Line201zColumn2258959059159259359458959059159259359459559659761261361461561661761861962。621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638}break;case1:ibd=newinstructBinariDafultO;typeBinary=oapOperateBinary.get(instruct.getType())5rs=mapRefBinary.get(((instructOneReg)instruct).getRs());ibd.setRs(rs);ibd?setopl(typeBinary);ListGoaUnstruct?add(ibd?getlnstructBinary());break;case2；ibd=newinstructBinarjDafultO;if(instruct.getlype().compareTo(nlui")!=0){typeBinary=mapoperateBinary.get(instruct.getiype())jrs=mapRegBinary.get(((lnstructTwoReg)instruct)-getRs());rt=mapRegBinary.getC((lnstructTwoReg)instruct)-getRtO);iron=((instructTwoReg)instruct),getiron()jimm=Binl6bit(imm);if(irwn.length()<=16){it>d.setopl(typeBinary);itxd.setRs(rs);ibd.setRt(rt);it>d?setlGbit(imm);listGoallnstruct.addCibd.getlnstructBinary());}else(ErrorLog.error("立即數(shù)太大"+((instructr^oneReg)Instruct).getlnstructstr());}}else(typeBinary=mapoperateBinary.get(instruct.getiype());〃rs=mapRegBinary.getC((lnstructTwoRe5)//instruct).getRs());rt=mapRegBinary.get(((InstructTwoReg)instruct)-getRt());imm=((InstructTwoReg)instruct).getImm();imm=if(irwn.length()>=16){iM?setopl(typeBinary);itxd.setRt(rt);it>d?setlGbit(imm);listGcallnstruct.addCibd.getlnstructBinary());}else{ErrorLog.error廠立即數(shù)太大"+((instructrwneReg)Instruct).getlnstructstr());}}break;case3：639ibd=newlnstructBinarjDafult(>;640641if(instruct.getType().compareTo("sra")==0

643&4464564G647648inst:njct.getType()?compmreTo(yLr}==e)(typeBinary=map€)perateBinary.get(instruct.getType(>>j643&4464564G647648?get(((lnstructThreeReg)instruct).getR-d());stringop3=((instructThreeReg)instruct).getlimn()jstringBuffersbf=toBinCnewlnteger(ap3));&49650V651G52653654G55656657G58659660V&G1G62663&G4V665666S67668669S70G71672673G74675676G77678679G806S1682&8B6S4685686V6S7688V&89G90691692693694695op3=st>f.reverse().tostring()jif(op3.length()==5)(rt=ma^RegBinary.getCC(InstructThreeReg)instruct).getRt());Stringvalues[]=typeBinary.split(r,,n);itxj?setopl(values[0j>;iM?setop2(values[l]j>;iM.setRd(rd)jitxj.setop3(op3);iM.setRt(rt);listGoallnstruct.add(ibd.getlnstructBinary());}else(,、&49650V651G52653654G55656657G58659660V&G1G62663&G4V665666S67668669S70G71672673G74675676G77678679G806S1682&8B6S4685686V6S7688V&89G90691692693694695stringvalues[]=typeBinary.split(",ibd.setopiCvalues[?]);ibd.setop2(values[1]);ibd.setR.dCrd);ibd.setR.sCrs);ibd.setRt(rt);list^Goallnstruct.ad-d(ibd.getln5truct&inary())j)breakj|!}}returnlistGoallnstruct;}stringBuffertoBin(intx}(StringBirfferresult=newStringBuffer。;do(result.append(xX2);x/=2;}while(x>e);returnresult;}2.3給出匯編器的運行界面（若有），寫出所實現(xiàn)的匯編器的操作步驟及使用說明,并自己設(shè)計并給出測試用例及運行結(jié)果，使得所有指令均能自動生成二進制格式的指令。匯編器的使用步驟：（1）在程序目錄F的mstniction.txt中輸入指令（2）運行程序。（3）打開instruction.txt,發(fā)現(xiàn)在指令的下方依次出現(xiàn)了各條指令對應(yīng)的二進制碼。測試截圖:文件(F)林E)摧式(。)妾CV)幫助(H)addrlOrllrl2subrlOrllrl2inulrlOrllrl2andrlOrllrl2orrlOillz!2grlOrllrl2srarlOrl210srlrlOrl210sllrlOr!210jregxlladdit12xll100inulit12xll100andit12xll100orirl2rll100xorit12xll100load112ill100storerl2rll100beqrl2rll100bnerl2rll100luirl2100jimp100jal10010296c20296c30296c410296c420296c440296c815280c825280c835280c84001601401916clc01916c|2401916c2801916c3001916c3401916c3801916c3c01916c4001916c4401900c480000644c000064(三)數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)分析及解決數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的分析一般指令的數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)分析有數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)JLassignrow[6*h00]=32,h04400421;//xorassignpg|6%01j二32?hl4000421;〃addirl,r1,1assignrom「6'h02]32fhl4000421;//addirl,rl,lassignroa[6*h03]=32*h04400842;//xorr2,r2,r2assignrom[6'h04J-32*H14000842;//addir2,r2,2is2即第二源操作數(shù)可以是寄存器或者立即數(shù)，但根據(jù)字符串解析可以區(qū)分出來，因此這些指令都歸為一類解決數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)問題。產(chǎn)生相關(guān)的條件：if嗎執(zhí)行訪律寫回取指訪存取指,碼執(zhí)行訪存如上圖所示，相鄰的兩條指令中，如果第二條指令的兩個源操作數(shù)寄存器與上一條指令的目的操作數(shù)寄存器相同，那么第二條指令在譯碼周期從寄存器堆中取源操作數(shù)值的時候，上一條指令還只在執(zhí)行周期，還沒有將最后結(jié)果寫回到相應(yīng)的寄存器中，因此第二條指令取到的源操作數(shù)的值并不是最新的值，因此而產(chǎn)生了數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)。解決方案：取指詳碼執(zhí)行訪行與回NopNopNop取指誹碼執(zhí)行訪存寫回如上圖所示，在直接相鄰的兩條產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的指令之間插入三條空指令，這樣在第二條指令譯碼之前，第一條指令己經(jīng)將結(jié)果寫回，第二條指令取到的源操作數(shù)的值是最新的值,數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)就消除了。以上情況針對相鄰的兩條產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)指令的分析，而對于中間隔了一條或兩條無數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)指令的兩條指令產(chǎn)生了數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)，解決方案是分別插入兩條、一條空指令。（2）store和條件跳轉(zhuǎn)指令的數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)分析及解決store和條件跳轉(zhuǎn)指令設(shè)計的格式：op十is+rt+offset對于這兩條指令來說，盤和巡相當(dāng)于源操作數(shù)，而它們沒有目的操作數(shù)，因此在判斷一般指令的數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)需要作另外特殊判斷。（3）jreg指令指令格式：op+rs沒有目的寄存器，且只有一個源操作數(shù)，可以與條件跳轉(zhuǎn)指令歸為一類判斷。2.數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的解決（1）程序流程圖

上圖左邊部分就是匯編器實現(xiàn)部分的流程圖，在此基礎(chǔ)上進行擴展，即如箭頭所指方向,中間兩步替代為右邊部分。（2）測試程序指令：xorr2,r2,r2addr3,r2,r1xorr2,r2,r2addir1,r1,20addir2,r2,10luir1,1翻譯結(jié)果：assignrom6^00]=32^04400421;//xorrl,rl,rlassignrom"6'h01]-321hO0000000;//nopassignrom6'h02]=321h00G00G0O;//nopassignro<n.6,h03]=32,hl4000421;//addiassignrom.6*h04J=32*h00000000;//nopassignrom"6'h05]-321hO0000000;//nopassign^[6^061=32^14000421;//addirl,rl,lassignrom6"h07J32^00000000;//nopassignr(xn6,h0832,h0?000000?|assignrom'6'h09]=321h04400842;//x<："2,r2,^2assignrow6*h0A1=32^00000000;//nopassignro<n.6"h0BJ=32*h00G00O00；//nopassignrom,6*h0CJ32^14000842;//addi「2/2,2如上圖所示，在產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的指令前插入了空指令“addirOrOO”。在X11U1X中的仿真結(jié)果：CurremShnulatkmTime:206000nsi3ns100ns2001111111111ns300ns400ns500ns600ns700ns800ns930ns1(K)0nsIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIaPd3i：Ql32110000000以32h0000000&<321i000000堿&2^0000000。<32仙0000016>：32印。00001或32h0000001§,；32hOOOOOOl032hODOOOO，｛j>3ZEOOi)0024a字項蜓1:0）；3ZhOOOOOOO砍3對044D042#321104401084乜2仙440084為忽li04400Cqj>32'h1400D42j〉32hM00084j[32704401084□ealu[31:0]fI321)00000000>：32h00000001>^3ZhOOOOOO(i2)'32hOOOi\ACJOOuO□中malu[31.0)\32TDOODOODO>；321)000000(.1>^00000002a明walu[31:0)(3ZhQ00Q0000")^00000001以!CIOCK1|I||II__II__II__II_Il_qJ!降皿結(jié)果是正確