陜西省西安市長安區(qū)2020-2021學年高一英語上學期期中試題本和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題紙上，認真核對條形碼上的姓名、準考證號，并將條形碼粘貼在答題紙上的指定位置上。2.選擇題答案使用2B鉛筆填涂，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號；非選擇題答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（簽字）筆或碳素筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號在各題的答題區(qū)域（黑色線框）內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效。4.保持紙面清潔，不折疊，不破損。第I卷（滿分100分）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?AAtabookshop.B.Onthestreet.C.Inapostoffice.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Buyapairofsunglasses.B.Gotoabirthdayparty.C.Gotothebeach.3.Whywon’tthewomangotothemuseumwiththeman?A.Shewenttherelastweek.B.Shehastoworkovertime.C.Shedoesn’tlikemuseums.4.Whatwasthemandoing?A.Readinganintroduction.B.Answeringanoverseascall.C.Lookingatthenewproduct.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheisusinghercomputertonight.B.Hercomputerisbroken.C.Sheneedstobuyanewcomputer.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatdidtheteachertellthestudentstodo?A.Readthebook.B.Reviewtheirnotes.C.Writeareport.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Gotothelibraryeveryday.B.Asktheteachersomequestions.C.Stayupallnighttostudy.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Howdidthewomanknowtheflightwasdelayed?A.Fromtheboard.B.Fromtheradio.C.Fromherfriend.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Havebreakfast.B.Gotothehotel.C.Attendameeting.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopayeachmonthaltogether?A.Exactly450pounds.B.About500pounds.C.Morethan600pounds.11.Howmanyroomsarethereinthehouse?A.2.B.3.C.5.12.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Moveintothehouse.B.Lookforanotherhouse.C.Gotoseethehouse.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Tourguideandtourist.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.14.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutbeingatourguide?A.Shehasalotofexperience.B.Sheoncediditasapart-timejob.C.Sheworkedinaforeigncountrylastyear.15.Whatdoesthewomanaskabout?A.Thesalary.B.Theothertourguides.C.Theworkingchance.16.Whenwillthemancallthewoman?A.Withinaweek.B.Withintwoweeks.C.Withinamonth.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What’sthepurposeofLaurenBenjamin’sscientificresearch?A.Tohelppeopleloseweight.B.Tomakepeoplemorebeautiful.C.Tohelppeoplesleepbetter.18.Whenshouldusershavethedrink?A.Beforegoingtobed.B.Intheafternoon.C.Aftergettingupinthemorning.19.Whatshoulduserskeepinmind?A.Drinkingitonanemptystomach.B.Drinkingonlyonebottleeachday.C.Drinkingmilkwithit.20.Whatcanyougetfor$100now?A.Afullmonth’ssupplyofthedrinkandaspecialgift.B.Afullyear’ssupplyofthedrink.C.Afullweek’ssupplyofthedrinkandaVIPcard.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThereisanoldsayingthatAmericaandBritainare“twonationsdividedbyacommonlanguage.”Nooneknowsexactlywhosaidthis,butitreflectsthewaymanyBritsfeelaboutAmericanEnglish.ButareAmericanandBritishEnglishreallysodifferent?VocabularyThemostobviousdifferencebetweenAmericanandBritishEnglishisvocabulary.Therearehundredsofeverydaywordsthataredifferent.Forexample,AmericansgoonvacationwhileBritsgoonholidays;NewYorkersliveinapartmentswhileLondonersliveinflats.Therearefarmoreexamplesthanwecantalkabouthere.Fortunately,mostAmericansandBritscanusuallyguessthemeaningthroughthecontextofasentence.PastTenseVerbsYou’llalsofindsomedifferenceswithpastformsofirregularverbs.Thepasttenseof“l(fā)earn”inAmericanEnglishis“l(fā)earned”.BritishEnglishhastheoption(選擇)of“l(fā)earned”or“l(fā)earnt”.Thesameruleappliesto“dreamed”and“dreamt”,“burned”and“burnt”,and“l(fā)eaned”and“l(fā)eant”.Americanstendtousethe-edending;Britstendtousethe-tending.SpellingTherearehundredsofslightspellingdifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish.NoahWebster,anauthor,politicianandteacher,madeanefforttoreformEnglishspellinginthelate1700s.Websterwantedtospellwordsthewaytheysounded.YoucanseeWebster’slegacy(遺產(chǎn))intheAmericanspellingofwordslikecolor(fromcolour),honor(fromhonour),andlabor(fromlabour).NotSoDifferentAfterAllBritishandAmericanEnglishhavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Withtheexceptionofsomeregionaldialects,mostBritsandAmericanscanunderstandeachotherwithouttoomuchdifficulty.Theywatcheachother’sTVshows,singeachother’ssongsandreadeachother’sbooks.Theyevenmakefunofeachothers’accents.1.WhichofthefollowingisagroupofAmericanwords?A.Vacation;holiday. B.Apartment;flat.C.Vacation;apartment. D.Holiday;flat.2.WhatdoweknowaboutBritishandAmericanEnglishfromthelastparagraph?A.Theybothhavesomestrangewords.B.Theyareaffectingpeopleusingthem.C.Theyconnectpeopleofthetwocountries.D.Theirdifferenceshavelittleeffectoncommunication.3.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WaystotellBritishEnglishfromAmericanEnglishB.DifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishC.DevelopmentofBritishandAmericanEnglishD.DifficultyforBritsandAmericanstounderstandeachother1.C2.D3.B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從詞匯，過去時態(tài)，拼寫三方面介紹了美式英語和英式英語的不同，并且還說明美式英語和英式英語也有很多相似之處?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Forexample,AmericansgoonvacationwhileBritsgoonholidays;NewYorkersliveinapartmentswhileLondonersliveinflats.”例如，美國人度假用vacation而英國人度假用holidays；紐約人住公寓用apartments，而倫敦人住公寓用flats?？芍獀acation和apartment都是美國人用的詞匯，故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“BritishandAmericanEnglishhavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Withtheexceptionofsomeregionaldialects,mostBritsandAmericanscanunderstandeachotherwithouttoomuchdifficulty.Theywatcheachother’sTVshows,singeachother’ssongsandreadeachother’sbooks.Theyevenmakefunofeachother’s’accents.”可知，英式英語和美式英語的相似之處遠遠多于不同點。除了一些地方方言外，大多數(shù)英國人和美國人能毫不費力地聽懂對方的話。他們看彼此的電視節(jié)目，唱彼此的歌，讀彼此的書。他們甚至拿彼此的口音開玩笑。由此可知，英式英語和美式英語有很多相似之處，除了一些方言，兩國人溝通是沒有障礙的，故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ButareAmericanandBritishEnglishreallysodifferent?”但是美式英語和英式英語真的有那么大的不同嗎?以及下文三段從詞匯，過去時態(tài)和拼寫三方面不同?？芍恼碌闹黝}就是介紹美式英語和英式英語的不同。B項“英式英語和美式英語的不同之處”可作為本文最佳標題。故選B。標題猜測題。主旨大意題的一種，標題應位于文章之首，概括文章內(nèi)容，點明文章主題。它可以是單詞，短語，或句子。確定文章標題，第一，標題要與主題密切相關(guān)；其次，看標題是否能概括全文內(nèi)容，不能只概括短文中的某些事實或細節(jié)；第三，標題范圍不應太大或太??；最后，標題應新穎，概括性強并且精煉。小題3中B選項概括文中主旨大意，與主題密切相關(guān)，故選B項。BJohn，averythinboy,lovedfootballwithallhisheartwhenhewasveryyoung．Practiceafterpractice，heeagerlygaveeverythinghehad．Butbeinghalfthesizeoftheotherboys，hecouldonlysitonthebenchandhardlyeverplayedingames．Eventhoughthesonwasalwaysonthebench，hisfatherwasalwaysstandingwithcheersandencouraginghim．WhenJohnwenttocollege，hedecidedtotryoutforthefootballteamasa“walk-on”．Everyonewassurehecouldnevermakethecut，buthedid．Thecoachthoughthecouldprovidetheothermemberswiththespirittheyneeded．Thenewsthathehadsurvivedthecutexcitedhimsomuchthatherushedtothenearestphoneandcalledhisfather．Hisfathersharedhisexcitementandwassentseasonticketsforallthecollegegames．Itwastheendofthislastfootballseason．OnedayJohnreceivedatelegramandaskedoneweekoff．Nobodyknewwhathappenedexceptthecoach．Thecoachsaid，“Don'tplantocomebacktothegameonSaturday．”Saturdayarrived，andthegamewasnotgoingwell：Whentheteamwastenpointsbehind，Johncameback．“Coach，pleaseletmeplay．I’vejustgottoplaytoday,”saidJohn．Thecoachpretendednottohearhim．ButJohnpersisted，andfinallyfeelingsorryforthekid，thecoachgavein．Beforelongeveryonecouldnotbelievetheireyes.Johnwasdoingeverythingtofight.Theopposingteamcouldnotstophim.Heran,hepassedandblockedlikeastar.Andatlasthisteamwonthegame．Afterthegame，Johnlookedatthecoach，withtearsinhiseyes，andsaid，“Well,youknewmydaddied,butdidyouknowthatmydadwasblind?''Johnswallowedhardandforcedasmile,“Dadcametoallmygames,buttodaywasthefirsttimehecouldseemeplay,andIwantedtoshowhimthatIcoulddoit.”4.WhydidJohnhardlyhaveanychancetoplayingames?A.Becausehehadnotimetopractice．B.Becausehewastooyoungtoplaygames．C.Becauseeveryonelookeddownuponhim．D.Becausehisbodyconditionwasnotgood．5.Theunderlinedphrase“makethecut”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby““A.makeprogress B.beallowedtojointheteamC.cuthimself D.berefusedbythecoach6.Fromthetextwecanknowthat．A.Johnfeltverydepressedasa“walk-on”B.John'sfatheralwaystaughthimhowtoplayC.John'sfatherwenttomostofhiscollegegamesD.thecoachwassureJohnwouldbethebestplayeroneday7.Thisstorytellsusthat.A.aburdenofone’schoiceisnotfelt B.bettertodowellthantosaywellC.allroadsleadtoRome D.wherethereisawill，thereisaway4.D5.B6.C7.D這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了約翰盡管受到身體條件的限制，但仍然熱愛著足球，雖然只是一名板凳球員，但父親時刻在鼓勵著他。上大學之后，約翰積極努力爭取成為了一名臨時球員，這讓每個人都很吃驚，足球賽季末，他收到了家里的電報，父親去世了。但是比賽當天約翰返回了球場，請求教練能給予他上場的機會，教練最終同意了。他幫助球隊力挽狂瀾，最終球隊獲得了勝利，同時向死去的父親證明自己能行?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Butbeinghalfthesizeoftheotherboys，hecouldonlysitonthebenchandhardlyeverplayedingames”可知，但是由于他的體型幾乎是其他男孩的一半大小，只能成為板凳球員，很少參加比賽。所以為什么約翰幾乎沒有機會參加比賽的原因是因為他的身體條件不好。故D選項正確?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。由第二段“WhenJohnwenttocollege，hedecidedtotryoutforthefootballteamasa“walk-on”可知，當約翰上大學時，他決定參加足球隊的選拔賽，成為一名臨時球員。所以判斷出第二段中帶下劃線的短語“makethecut”可替換為beallowedtojointheteam“被允許加入球隊”。故B選項正確。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Well,youknewmydaddied,butdidyouknowthatmydadwasblind?'Dadcametoallmygames,buttodaywasthefirsttimehecouldseemeplay”可知，你知道我爸爸死了,但是你知道我爸爸是個盲人嗎？爸爸來看了我所有的比賽，但今天是他第一次看我踢一場完整的足球賽，我想讓他知道我能行。約翰是一個臨時球員，幾乎沒有上場的機會。爸爸來看了他所有的比賽，但是爸爸去世了，沒有看到他賽季末的比賽。所以推斷出約翰的爸爸參加觀看了他大部分的大學足球比賽。故C選項正確。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，短文敘述了約翰盡管受到身體條件的限制，但仍然熱愛著足球，雖然只是一名板凳球員，但父親時刻在鼓勵著他。上大學之后，約翰積極努力爭取成為了一名臨時球員，這讓每個人都很吃驚，足球賽季末，他收到了家里的電報，父親去世了。但是比賽當天約翰返回了球場，請求教練能給予他上場的機會，教練最終同意了。他幫助球隊力挽狂瀾，最終球隊獲得了勝利，同時向死去的父親證明自己能行。所以這個故事告訴我們“有志者，事竟成”的道理，同時也是短文的主旨大意。故D選項正確。CYoungsunflowersturnandswingeveryday.Newfindingsaddtoevidencethattheplantsareanimal-like.Harmer,aprofessorintheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis,DepartmentofPlantBiology,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentsonsunflowersinthefield,inpotsoutdoorsandinindoorgrowthchambers.Bystakingplantssothattheycouldnotmove,Harmershowedthathecoulddestroytheirabilitytotrackthesun.Healsonoticedthatsunflowerspreventedfrommovingwerenotastoughandleafyasthosethatwerefreetomove.Whenplantsweremovedindoorwithasettledoverheadlight,theycontinuedtoswingbackandforthforafewdays.Theindoorplantsdidstarttrackingthe“sun”againwhentheapparentsourceoflightingwasmovedacrosstheroom.Theplantscouldreliablytrackthemovementandreturnatnightwhentheartificialdaywasclosetoa24-hourcycle,butnotwhenitwascloserto30hours.Whensunflowerstrackthesun,theeastsidesoftheirstemsgrewmorerapidlythanthewestsides.Atnight,thewestsidesgrewfasterasthestemswungtheotherway.Theteamidentifiedanumberofgenesthatwereexpressedathigherlevelsonthesunwardsideoftheplantduringthedayorontheothersideatnight.Aplantgrowth-regulatinghormone(激素),calledauxin,appearstobeakeydriver.The“dance”tothesuncycleobviouslyslowswhenthesunflowermatures(成熟)anditsflowersopenup.Atthatpoint,theplantsstopmovingduringthedayandsettledownfacingthesunintheeast.“Beeslikewarmflowers.”Harmersaid,addingthatthebeesarecold-blooded,solandingonawarmflowersavesthemenergyandperhapsfeelsreallygood.“Themorningwarmthchangestheflowersinawaytomakethemmoreappealingtoinsects,perhapscausingthemtoreleasemoreattractivescentsearlierintheday.”hesaid“We’recurrentlytestingthisidea.”8.WhydidHarmerdotheexperimentonsunflowers?A.Toseehowsunflowersgrowup.B.Toshowwhatsunflowers’genesare.C.Tostudywhysunflowerstrackthesun.D.Tocheckifsunflowersswingincloudydays.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staking”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Tracking. B.Fining.C.Growing. D.Searching.10.Whatistheresultofsunflowersbeingstoppedfrommoving?A.Theywillproduceanumberofnewgenes.B.Theywillgrowfasterthanusual.C.Theywon’tswingbackthoughsetfree.D.Theywon’tgrowwell.11.Whatistheadvantageofsunflowers’dancetothesun?A.Theyattractmoreinsects. B.Theysavemoreenergy.C.Theymaturemorerapidly. D.Theyproducemoreflowers.8.C9.B10.D11.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。年輕的向日葵每天都在旋轉(zhuǎn)和搖擺。新的發(fā)現(xiàn)進一步證明這些植物與動物相似。本文介紹向日葵隨著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動的原因?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Whensunflowerstrackthesun,theeastsidesoftheirstemsgrewmorerapidlythanthewestsides.Atnight,thewestsidesgrewfasterasthestemswungtheotherway.Theteamidentifiedanumberofgenesthatwereexpressedathigherlevelsonthesunwardsideoftheplantduringthedayorontheothersideatnight.Aplantgrowth-regulatinghormone(激素),calledauxin,appearstobeakeydriver.(當向日葵沿著太陽生長時，其莖的東側(cè)比西側(cè)生長得更快。到了晚上，隨著莖桿向另一邊擺動，西邊長得更快了。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些基因，這些基因白天在植物向陽的一側(cè)表達水平較高，而晚上則在植物的另一側(cè)表達水平較高。植物生長調(diào)節(jié)激素，生長素，似乎是一個關(guān)鍵的驅(qū)動因素)可知，Harmer用向日葵做實驗的目的是研究向日葵為什么會追蹤太陽。故選C。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Bystakingplantssothattheycouldnotmove,Harmershowedthathecoulddestroytheirabilitytotrackthesun.(通過staking植物，目的是它們不能移動，Harmer認為他可以摧毀他們的太陽跟蹤的能力)可推知，Harmer把植物固定住了，由此可知，劃線詞意為“固定，捆綁”。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Healsonoticedthatsunflowerspreventedfrommovingwerenotastoughandleafyasthosethatwerefreetomove.(他還注意到，被阻止移動的向日葵不像那些可以自由移動的向日葵那樣堅硬和多葉)可知，向日葵被阻止移動后不能很好地生長。故選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Themorningwarmthchangestheflowersinawaytomakethemmoreappealingtoinsects,perhapscausingthemtoreleasemoreattractivescentsearlierintheday.(早晨的溫暖在某種程度上改變了花朵，使它們對昆蟲更有吸引力，可能導致它們在一天的早些時候釋放出更有吸引力的氣味)可知，向日葵迎著太陽跳舞的好處是它們能吸引更多的昆蟲。故選A?！久麕燑c睛】做推理判斷題時，切不可脫離語境想當然。在句子或段落中，我們可以利用熟悉的詞語，根據(jù)語言環(huán)境所表示的關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義。特別注意劃線部分前后的內(nèi)容。本題第2小題，根據(jù)第三段第一句Bystakingplantssothattheycouldnotmove,Harmershowedthathecoulddestroytheirabilitytotrackthesun.通過staking植物，目的是它們不能移動，Harmer認為他可以摧毀他們的太陽跟蹤的能力。由此可知，是把植物固定住，故選B。DLearningChinesecouldbeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouevermake.Chineseisbecomingthelanguagetolearninthe21stcentury.Withtheworld’slargestpopulationandarapidlygrowingmiddleclass,Chinastandstobecometheengineoftheworld’seconomyinthecomingyears.ThiswillmakelearningChineseveryimportantforpeopleinmanyindustries,orforthoseofuswhowishtovisitChinaorlearnfromitscultureandhistory.Thereisanongoingefforttomodernizethewritingsystemandstandardizethelanguage.AnincreasingnumberofpeoplelearningChinesearelearningtheMandarin,sounlessyouabsolutelyneedtolearnanotherdialect(suchasCantonese),besureyouarestudyingMandarin.FornativeEnglishspeakersChineseisoneofthemostdifficultandmostdifferentlanguagestolearn.Thevocabularyiswhollyunfamiliarandunlikeanythingweknow.Inaddition,intheChinesetonesystem,wordsarespokeninrisingorfallingtones,whichhelptodistinguishbetweenthem.Furthermore,thereistheChinesewritingsystem---acollectionofthousandsofindividualideograms(表意文字),orsymbols,whichrepresentawordoranidea.Theseideogramshavenophoneticvalue---thatistosay,wecan’ttellhowthewordispronouncedbyhowitiswritten.ThereisamethodtopresentwrittenChineseinaphoneticscriptcalledpinyin.IfyouarelearningChinese,you’llbeworkingwiththispinyinsystem,butthebeautyofthetraditionalwritingsystemshouldn’tbepassedup.AllthesefactorsmakelearningChinesedifficultforus.Yet,foradeterminedlearner,there’salwaysawaytoovercomeit.12.LearningChineseisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant,because______.A.ChineseenginesareverywelcomeB.Chinahastheworld’slargestpopulationC.therearemoreandmorerichpeopleinChinaD.Chinahasbecomeimportanttotheworldeconomy13.Fromthetextwecanlearnthat___________.A.theauthorthinksChineseisasdifficultasEnglishB.theauthorisinterestedintheChineselanguageanditscultureC.foreignlanguagescanplayagreatroleinindustrialdevelopmentD.aslongasthepinyinsystemislearnedwell,onecanlearnChinesewell14.Thelastparagraphmainlytellsusabout____________.A.thedifficultiesoflearningChineseB.theadvantagesoflearningChineseC.theChinesetonesystemD.theChinesewritingsystem15.Whatwouldbeprobablywrittenfollowingthistext?A.ThesourcesofChinesecharacters.B.TheimportanceoflearningChinese.C.TheadviceonhowtolearnChinese.D.Thedifficultiesoflearningotherlanguages.12.D13.B14.A15.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了學習漢語的重要性、漢語的特點以及學習漢語的困難?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Chinastandstobecometheengineoftheworld’seconomyinthecomingyears.ThiswillmakelearningChineseveryimportantforpeopleinmanyindustries,”可知，中國將在未來幾年成為世界經(jīng)濟的引擎，這使學習漢語變得非常重要，由此可知，學習漢語變得越來越重要是因為中國對世界經(jīng)濟變得重要，故D項正確。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段作者對漢語拼音和漢語文字體系的理解可知，作者對漢語和中國文化很感興趣，故B項正確?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“FornativeEnglishspeakersChineseisoneofthemostdifficultandmostdifferentlanguagestolearn.”可知，本段主要介紹了學習漢語的困難，故A項正確?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Yet,foradeterminedlearner,there’salwaysawaytoovercomeit.”可知，然而，對于有決心的學習者來說，我們總有辦法克服這些困難，由此可知，接下來作者可能會介紹如何克服困難學習漢語的建議，故C項正確。關(guān)于文章發(fā)展的推理判斷題難度較大，抓住文章最后一句話是關(guān)鍵，例如本篇第4題，最后一段介紹了學習漢語的困難，結(jié)合文章最后一句話“Yet,foradeterminedlearner,there’salwaysawaytoovercomeit.”可知，然而，對于有決心的學習者來說，我們總有辦法克服這些困難，因此，接下來作者可能會介紹如何克服這些困難學習漢語的建議。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manyfactssuggestthatchildrenareoverweightandthesituationisgettingworse,accordingtothedoctors.____16____.Somepeopleblamethefactthatwearesurroundedbyshopssellingunhealthy,fattyfoods,suchasfriedchickenandicecreamatlowprices.____17____,thenprobablychildrenwouldbuylesstake-awayfood.____18____.Iagreewiththis,becausegoodeatinghabitsbeginearlyinlife,longbeforechildrenstarttovisitfastfoodshops.Ifparentsoftengivetheirchildrenfriedchickenandchocolateratherthanhealthyfood,theywillgoforsweetandsaltyfoods,andchildrenwillfindithardtogetridofthehabit.Thereisathirdreasonforthissituation.Childrenthesedaystakeverylittleexercise.Theydonotwalktoschool.Whentheygethome,theysitinfrontofthetelevisionortheircomputersandplaycomputergames.____19____.Whattheyneedistogooutsideandplayactivegamesorsports.Theabovearethemainreasonsforthisproblem.____20____,aswellasforcingthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.A.ThereisanotherargumentthatblamesparentsforallowingtheirchildrentobecomeoverweightB.AdultsarebecomingfatterandunhealthiertooCIftherewerefeweroftheserestaurantsD.SowehavetoencourageyoungpeopletobemoreactiveE.Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime(消遣),italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfoodF.IfeelthereareanumberofreasonsforthisG.It’sagoodideatoallowchildrentoeatwhattheychoose16.F17.C18.A19.E20.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了導致兒童超重的幾個原因以及解決辦法?！?6題詳解】上文說兒童超重的情況變得越來越糟糕，下文又分析了導致兒童超重的幾個原因，此處需要一個承上啟下的過渡句，故F項（我覺得這個問題有很多原因）符合語境?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本空后的“thenprobablychildrenwouldbuylesstake-awayfood”可知，那么孩子們可能會很少買外賣食品，“would”表明此處提到的條件要用虛擬語氣，故C項（如果這樣的餐館少一點就好了）符合語境?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段中的“Ifparentsoftengivetheirchildrenfriedchickenandchocolateratherthanhealthyfood,theywillgoforsweetandsaltyfoods,andchildrenwillfindithardtogetridofthehabit.”可知，如果父母經(jīng)常給孩子炸雞和巧克力而不是健康的食物，孩子們會很難戒掉這類食品，此處說的是父母對孩子超重的影響，故A項（還有一種觀點指責父母讓孩子超重）符合語境?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本空前的“Whentheygethome,theysitinfrontofthetelevisionortheircomputersandplaycomputergames”可知，孩子們經(jīng)常在家看電視和玩電腦游戲，此處是說這種習慣的危害，故E項（這不僅是一種不健康的消遣，還給他們時間吃更多不健康的食物）符合語境?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本空后的“aswellasforcingthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.”可知，還要迫使他們遠離快餐店和不良飲食習慣，此處講的是另一種阻止青少年超重的做法，故D項（所以我們必須鼓勵年輕人更加活躍）符合語境。過渡句是七選五的常考知識點，被選選項一定要既對應上文話題，又要起到引出下文的作用，所以做題之前略讀一下全文很關(guān)鍵，這樣會對文章思路有一個整體的把握，例如本篇第1題，通過略讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)上文說兒童超重的情況變得越來越糟糕，下文又分析了導致兒童超重的幾個原因，此處需要一個承上啟下的過渡句，F(xiàn)項中的this對應上文的兒童超重問題，而reasons又引出了下文的原因。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwasintheseventhandeighthgrade,Ihadtofaceoneofmygreatestfears—rejection(拒絕)byfriends.Itwasatimewhenthreeofthemostimportant___21___thatmyparentshadtaughtmethroughoutmylifecameintouse.Myclassmatesputmysenseofloyalty,friendship,and___22___tothetest.Ourclassconsistedof31studentswhohad___23___eachothersincethefirstgrade.Injuniorhigh,mostofushadchosengroupsoffriendsthatwe___24___tohangoutwithduringourfreetime.Isoonfoundthatthemajorityofour___25___begantomakefunofmybestfriendandspreadwhatweren'ttruearoundtherestoftheschool.Ididn'twanttohavethesamepeople___26___me,butIknewthatIcouldn'tjustsitbackandletmybestfrienddealwiththis___27___.EverydayIwouldthinkaboutmy___28___,knowingthathewasgettingmoreandmore___29___astimewentby.Isoondecidedtotalktomymotheraboutit,sincesheis____30____asecondmothertomyfriend.Heradvicewastobe____31____andremainloyal(忠誠)tohim.Shetoldmethat____32____isoneofthemostimportantthingsinlifethathelpsaperson____33____.Mymothertoldmetohavecourageand____34____formyfriend,evenifitmeantriskingmyown____35____.Itookheradviceand____36____itforallthatitwasworth.____37____Ididreceiverejectionfrommyclassmates,Idon’t____38____mydecision.ItoldmyfriendthatIwouldalwaysbethereforhim,through“thickandthin”.Usingthevalues(價值觀)myparents____39____me,InotonlystoodupforwhatIbelievedin,butIbecameeven____40____withmybestfriendbecauseofit.21.A.values B.rules C.lessons D.methods22.A.knowledge B.courage C.wisdom D.duty23.A.missed B.married C.known D.forgotten24.A.preferred B.invited C.protected D.recommended25.A.family B.class C.school D.team26.A.defeating B.following C.cheating D.joking27.A.hurriedly B.secretly C.selfishly D.alone28.A.father B.searcher C.friend D.neighbor29.A.nervous B.careless C.unhappy D.unfriendly30.A.like B.with C.against D.after31A.hardworking B.brave C.silent D.optimistic32.A.friendship B.determination C.cleverness D.health33.A.study B.survive C.think D.grow34.A.comeback B.watchout C.getaway D.standup35.A.money B.reputation C.business D.life36.A.used B.trained C.defended D.enjoyed37.A.Nowthat B.Eventhough C.Unless D.Solongas38A.question B.ignore C.regret D.hate39.A.taught B.saved C.presented D.gave40.A.morepatient B.morepopular C.stricter D.closer21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.D35.B36.A37.B38.C39.A40.D這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了朋友遇到了困難，自己是坐視不管還是挺身而出？最終母親的教誨讓作者做出了正確選擇?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我父母教給我的人生中最重要的三種價值觀開始發(fā)揮作用的時刻。A.values價值觀；B.rules規(guī)則；C.lessons課，教訓；D.methods理論。根據(jù)下文“Usingthevalues(價值觀)myparents___19___me”可知，此處是信息詞value的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的同學用我的忠誠、友誼和勇氣來測試我。A.knowledge知識；B.courage勇氣；C.wisdom智慧；D.duty職責。根據(jù)下文“Mymothertoldmetohavecourageand___14___formyfriend”可知，此處是信息詞“courage”的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們班有31名學生，他們從一年級起就相互認識。A.missed錯過，思念；B.married結(jié)婚；C.known知道；D.forgotten忘記。根據(jù)“Ourclassconsistedof31students”可知，既然是同學，那么應該從一年級時就相互認識了。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在初中的時候，我們大多數(shù)人都選擇了一群我們喜歡在空閑時間一起出去玩的朋友。A.preferred更喜歡，寧愿；B.invited邀請；C.protected保護；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)“mostofushadchosengroupsoffriends”得知，在初中時，大多數(shù)人都會選擇自己比較喜歡的朋友一起在空閑時出去玩。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們班的大多數(shù)人都開始取笑我最好的朋友，并在學校的其他同學中散布那些不是真的事情。A.family家庭；B.class班級；C.school學校；D.team隊伍。根據(jù)第3空前的“ourclass”可知答案，此處的class是集合名詞，作者班同學的大多數(shù)人開始嘲笑作者的朋友。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想讓同樣的人取笑我，但我知道我不能坐視不理，讓我最好的朋友獨自處理這件事。A.defeating打?。籅following跟著；C.cheating欺騙；D.joking開玩笑。根據(jù)上文“Isoonfoundthatthemajorityofour___5___begantomakefunofmybestfriend”可知，空處和“makefunof”對應，需填joking。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想讓同樣的人取笑我，但我知道我不能坐視不理，讓我最好的朋友獨自處理這件事。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.secretly秘密地；C.selfishly自私地；D.alone獨自。此處是說作者不想坐視不管，讓自己的朋友獨自一人去面對這一切。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天我都會想起我的朋友，知道隨著時間的流逝，他越來越不開心。A.father父親；B.searcher搜尋者；C.friend朋友；D.neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)etmybestfrienddealwiththis___7___.”可知，此處是信息詞“friend”的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每天我都會想起我的朋友，知道隨著時間的流逝，他越來越不開心。A.nervous緊張的；B.careless粗心的；C.unhappy不開心的；D.unfriendly不友好的。根據(jù)上文“Isoonfoundthatthemajorityofour___5___begantomakefunofmybestfriendandspreadwhatweren'ttruearoundtherestoftheschool.”可知，受到別人的嘲笑，朋友當然會越來越不開心。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快決定和我媽媽談談這件事，因為她就像我朋友的第二個媽媽一樣。A.like像；B.with帶有，和……一起；C.against反對；D.after再……之后。此處表示對于朋友來說，自己的媽媽也像朋友的媽媽一樣。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的建議是勇敢一點，對他保持忠誠。A.hardworking勤奮的；B.brave勇敢的；C.silent沉默的；D.optimistic樂觀的。根據(jù)下文“Mymothertoldmetohavecourage”可知，此處對應“courage”需填brave。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，友誼是生命中最重要的東西之一，它能幫助一個人成長。A.friendship友誼；B.determination決心；C.cleverness聰明；D.health健康。根據(jù)“Mymothertoldmetohavecourageand___14___formyfriend”可知，媽媽告訴作者友誼的重要性。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，友誼是生命中最重要的東西之一，它能幫助一個人成長。A.study學習，研究；B.survive幸存；C.think想，認為；D.grow成長。作者和自己的朋友當時還都是孩子，因此“成長”才最符合這些孩子的特點。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我媽媽告訴我要有勇氣，站在朋友的立場上，即使這意味著要冒自己名譽受損的風險。A.comeback回來；B.watchout當心；C.getaway離開；D.standup站起來。根據(jù)連詞and前的havecourage可知，應該選D，standup勇敢站起來。此處是母親鼓勵作者的話語，母親讓作者勇敢地站起來，幫助朋友。20空前出現(xiàn)了這個短語。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽告訴我要有勇氣，站在朋友的立場上，即使這意味著要冒自己名譽受損的風險。A.money錢；B.reputation名譽；C.business生意；D.life生活。前文提到過自己不希望那些人嘲笑自己，與此細節(jié)相吻合的應該是B項，為朋友挺身而出，自己的名聲可能有受損的風險。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我接受了她的建議，并充分利用了它。A.used使用；B.trained訓練；C.defended防御；D.enjoyed享受，喜歡?？蘸筚e語it指代heradvice，作者接受了母親的勸告，并且利用它做自己認為值得的事情。故選A。【37題詳解】考查從屬連詞辨析。句意：雖然我確實被同學拒絕了，但我不后悔我的決定。A.Nowthat既然，由于；B.Eventhough即使，盡管；C.Unles