《代詞》人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞的用法1．人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用主格形式，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格形式。這樣考過(guò)(2008·湖南)Ourneighborsgave________ababybirdyesterdaythathurt________whenitfellfromitsnest.A．us;it B．us;itselfC．ourselves;itself D．ourselves;it答案：B

Johnwaitedawhilebuteventuallyhewenthome.Isawherwiththem,atleast,Ithoughtitwasher.(2008·福建順昌模擬)Onlythosestudents________thinksthebestcanbeacceptedbyPekingUniversityorTsinghuaUniversity.A．who B．heC．that D．what答案：BItwas____whodidit,butitwas____thatwearetalkingabout.A.he…she B.him…h(huán)er

C.him…sheD.he…h(huán)erD2．并列主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)順序是：you，he/sheandI；we，youandthey。但表示承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤或承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)要說(shuō)I，youandhe/she。這樣考過(guò)(2007·廣州)DoyoureallybelievethatMrWhitehasblamedusfortheaccident，especially________？A．meandyou

B．IandyouC．youandI D．youandwe答案：A

3．注意約定俗成的用法或習(xí)慣用法：人稱代詞在對(duì)話中單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，一般不用主格，用賓格?！猈hoisit？是誰(shuí)呀？—It'sme.是我。這樣考過(guò)(全國(guó)高考)—Susan，goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why________？Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.A．him B．heC．I D．me答案：D

----IlikeEnglish.

--我喜歡英語(yǔ)。

----Metoo.

--我也喜歡。

----Havemorewine?

--再來(lái)點(diǎn)酒喝嗎?

----Notme.

--我可不要了。

4.在電話用語(yǔ)中常用主格。

----IwishtospeaktoMary.

----Thisisshe.

5.在介詞but，except后，有時(shí)可用主格代替賓格。

Allbut_____totheconcerttomorrow.A.heandIamgoing B.heandIaregoingC.heandmearegoing D.hisandmeamgoing

B6、you，we,one可泛指“人們”she可以代表國(guó)家，船只，大地，月亮......7、在than,as后用主格賓格都可I’mtallerthanshe/heris.I'mastallasshe/heris.Attention:IlikeTomasmuchasher

=IlikebothTomandher.IlikeTomasmuchasshe(likes)

=IlikeTomansshelikesTom,too.二、物主代詞的用法1．物主代詞放在名詞前，表示“所有”，是形容詞性物主代詞。這樣考過(guò)(湖南十校聯(lián)考)Inthefrontoftheclassroomsatateacher，______studentsseatedaroundhimdiscussingahardproblemwithhim.A．whose B．hisC．which D．a(chǎn)ndhisB(江蘇啟東中學(xué))Notfarfromtheclubwasagarden，________ownerseatedinitplayingbridgewithhischildreneveryafternoon.A．whose B．itsC．which D．thatB2．形容詞性物主代詞可與own連用，表強(qiáng)調(diào)，形容詞性物主代詞+own+n=(a/an,some,any)+n+ofone'sown這樣考過(guò)(遼寧)Childrenneedfriends________theirownagetoplaywith.A．of B．forC．in D．a(chǎn)t答案：AIwanttohavemyowncomputer.=Iwanttohaveacomputerofmyown.3．名詞性物主代詞作名詞用，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，因此后面不可再加名詞。有時(shí)與of連用，構(gòu)成雙重屬格：afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友。這樣考過(guò)(南昌模擬)Toysofthechildrentodayhardlybearanyresemblanceto________of________whenwewerelittlekids.A．that;ours B．those;usC．that;us

D．those;ours答案：D(湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué))Ishallleaveeverythingtohimduringmyabsence.Afterall，heis________.A．onemyfriend B．a(chǎn)friendofmeC．minefriend D．a(chǎn)friendofmine答案：D形容詞性物主代詞構(gòu)成的固定短語(yǔ)loseone'swaydoone'sbestmakeone'swayearnone'slivingkeepone'swordholdone'sbreathsaveone'slifemakeupone'smindtryone'sluckinone'sopinion另外，在動(dòng)名詞前常加上形容詞性的物主代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?4.反身代詞通常作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。

a.作賓語(yǔ)：有些動(dòng)詞需有反身代詞

enjoy,help,

amuse娛樂(lè),blame,dry,cut,hurt,introduce,behave,dress,keep,…

Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.

Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.b.作表語(yǔ)；be,系動(dòng)詞feel,look,seem之后Iamnotmyselftoday.Thepoorgirlinthepictureismyselfc.作同位語(yǔ)

Thethingitselfisnotimportant.事情本身并不重要。

1．置于句中名詞或代詞的后面，表示“自己，本人，親自”，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。也可以放在句尾。這樣考過(guò)(2008·江西)Isn'titamazinghowthehumanbodyheals________afteraninjury?A．himself B．himC．itself D．it

(2006·安徽)Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting，addressed________to________andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.A．it;her B．it;herselfC．herself;her D．herself;herselfCB(2008·上海春招)Manyfast-growingcountriesarelessconcernedwithprotecting________againstclimatechanges.A．one B．oneselfC．them

D．themselves答案：DAttention:反身代詞不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)，只能在并列主語(yǔ)中做第二或第三主語(yǔ)。Tom'smotherandhimselfgotothecinemaeveryweekend.2．反身代詞還可以與某些動(dòng)詞或介詞搭配，構(gòu)成習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。byoneself親自，獨(dú)自地foroneself為自己；ofoneself自動(dòng)地；(talk)tooneself暗自；enjoyoneself玩得高興；seatoneselfdressoneself自己穿上衣服；helpyourselfto自取，隨便吃一點(diǎn)……；talktooneself自言自語(yǔ)；calloneslef自稱makeoneselfunderstood使自己讓別人理解；

teachoneself自學(xué)。(湖南)MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblems________themselvesandsolvetheirproblems________themselves.A．to;by B．by;toC．for;to D．in;onhave/keep...tooneself—notsharedwithanyoneelse獨(dú)享答案：A指示代詞單數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式this這個(gè)that那個(gè)these這些those那些it它，這，那such如此的(事)such如此的(事)same同樣的(人、事)same同樣的(人、事)一、this，that，these，those的用法(1)this和these一般指在空間和時(shí)間上較近的事物，that和those一般指在空間和時(shí)間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物。這樣考過(guò)(柳州模擬)Equippedwithmodernfacilities，today'shospitalsarequitedifferentfrom________ofthepast.A．that

B．thoseC．one D．ones答案：B(海南中學(xué))Nothingtaughtbyotherscanhavethesameeffectonyouas________learnedbyyourself.A．it B．theone C．that D．those答案：C(2)this和these常指后面將要講到的事物，有啟下的作用，that和those常指前面已經(jīng)講到過(guò)的事物，起承上的作用。Iwanttoknowthis:wasMissJonesherethewholemorning?LittleGeorgebrokethevase,buthedidn'tadmititandthatwasveryannoying.這樣考過(guò)(全國(guó)Ⅰ)Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas________ofpublichealth.A．what B．thisC．that D．which答案：C(江蘇)Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith________oftheirparents.A．those B．oneC．both D．that答案：D(2008·遼寧)—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?—VictoriaStreet？________iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A．Such B．ThereC．That D．This答案：C(3)在電話用語(yǔ)中，this表示打電話者，that表示接電話者。Hello,ThisisAlan.Whoisthatspeaking?這樣考過(guò)(石家莊質(zhì)檢)TheinformationontheInternetgetsaroundmuchmorerapidlythan________inthenewspaper.A．those B．thatC．a(chǎn)ny D．one答案：B(2008·全國(guó)十六所名校聯(lián)考)Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilarto________theyfacedmanyyearsago.A．whether B．whichC．thatwhich D．it答案：C(4)That后常有限制性的后置修飾語(yǔ)，如of短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句等。還常用于表示比較的句型中。如果代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則用those。5，與時(shí)間名詞連用thismorningthisafternoonthatweekthatmonththesedaysthoseyears6,this和that做副詞“這么，那么”相當(dāng)于soIcan'tspeakthiswell.Sheistooyoungtowalkthatfar.such、so、thesame(1)指示代詞such表示“如此的，如此的事物”，具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句子中可用作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。如：Suchisourstudyplan.這就是我們的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。Idon'tlikesuchabook.我不喜歡這樣的書(shū)。such作定語(yǔ)時(shí)：suchaman，suchaplay。若such與不定代詞no,some,any,many,little,all等連用時(shí)，放不定代詞后。Allsuchproblemshavebeensolved.Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.(2)soa,在believe,Say，hear,do,,think,expect,reckon,imagine,guess,等詞后（肯/否）-ThenewEnglishteacherisverystict.-I'vehearso-AmyhasbeenelectedtotheSenate,hasn'tshe?-Ibelieveso./Idon'tbelieveso.b,在hope,suppose,I'mafraid后（肯）Themildweathermightcontinuefordays.Ihopeso/Ihopenot.＊so做替代詞a,so+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)表示甲乙兩個(gè)不同的對(duì)象有相同情況b,so+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/連系動(dòng)詞甲陳述某一情況，乙表示贊同eg:1,-Hemustbegoingnow.-SomustI.2,-JohnstudiesFrench.-Sohedoes.same

可作定語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，same之前必須用冠詞the

a,Hewentintothecaveandsawthesame.WhateverIdo,Ellentriestodothesame.b,youmade

thesamemistakeagain.Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.c.Iamofthesameageasyou.Idon'tlike

thesamefoodasyoucook.

比較：ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.不定代詞的用法1、some/any問(wèn)題1

There’s______cookingoilleftinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecornerstoreandget______?（04北京）

A.little;some B.little;any C.alittle;some D.alittle;any問(wèn)題2

Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn’t___.(1986)

A.anyB.some C.no D.anythingAA

說(shuō)明：

some“一些”，一般用于肯定句中。

1)可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞連用。

2)當(dāng)做“某一”解時(shí)，也可與單數(shù)名詞連用。(=acertain)

Youwillbesorryforthissomeday.

Acertain(some)personhasseenyoubreaktherule.

注意：some用于其他句式中:

a.肯定疑問(wèn)句中：說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)。

Couldyoulendmesomemoney?

Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?

b.在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示確定的意義時(shí)，如：

Ifyouneedsomehelp，letmeknow.c.當(dāng)否定的是整體中的部分時(shí)，some可用于否定句。

Ihaven’theardfromsomeofmyoldfriendstheseyears.

Idon’tlikesomeofthefilms.

any

“一些”，多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句和條件句中。weneedsomemorepaint,butthereisn'tanyleft.Ifanyofyourfriendsareinterested,pleaseletmeknow.

當(dāng)表示

“任何一個(gè)”

的意思時(shí)，any可用于肯定句。

Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.

Anynormalchildcanlearnalanguageveryquickly.這樣考過(guò)?(2006·浙江)Don'tworryifyoucan'tcometo________party—I'llsave________cakeforyou.A．the;some B．a(chǎn);muchC．the;any D．a(chǎn);little答案：A(陜西)Janewasaskedalotofquestions，butshedidn'tanswer________ofthem.A．other B．a(chǎn)nyC．none D．some答案：B?(2008·成都)—WhichofthethreebusesshallItaketothePeople'sPark?—________oneasyouplease.A．Each B．EveryC．Any D．Either答案：CAttention:

not...any相當(dāng)于noThereisnotanybookonthetable=Thereisnobookonthetable.2.One1).替代泛指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(同名異物），復(fù)數(shù)ones,所有格one'sOneoftenfailstoseeone's/hisownfaults.Ihaven'tgotapen.Canyoulendmeone?IhavereadsomeworksbyAmericanwritersandI'mgoingtopickupsomeonesbyBritshwriters.2).冠詞/代詞+形容詞+oneThishatisalittletoolargeforme.Couldyoupleaseshowmeasmallerone?Hernewcargoesfasterthanheroldone.

one，that和it問(wèn)題1：Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_____Iwillalwaystreasure.（02N）Ａ．thatＢ．oneＣ．itＤ．what問(wèn)題2：

TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(2001N)

A.they B.it C.one D.which問(wèn)題3：

IpreferaflatinInvernessto______inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom’s.（05天津卷）

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this問(wèn)題4：

Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_______thanmobilephonesdo.(05江西卷)

A．one B．ones C．it D．thoseBBAB

one(ones)

表示泛指，that（those)

和it(they/them)

表示特指。one與所指名詞為同類，但不是同一個(gè)，而it與所指名詞為同一個(gè),that特指前文提到過(guò)的名詞。

Ican’tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.

(不定)

Thehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthat

Ibought.

(同類但不同個(gè))

Ican‘tfindmyhat.Idon’tknowwhereIputit.

(同一物)

Attention:

that/those總是伴有后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于theone/theones(that可替代不可數(shù)名詞）(定語(yǔ)從句/比較狀語(yǔ)從句）

Thedictionaryonthedeskismuchbetterthanthat/theoneontheshelf.ThisdressisnotasgoodastheoneIboughtlastmonth.這樣考過(guò)(全國(guó)Ⅱ)TheCDsareonsale！Buyoneandyouget________completelyfree.A．other

B．othersC．one D．ones答案：C【典型例題】

one,theone,ones,that,it問(wèn)題1：

Allofuswantverymuchtoseetheseamusingmovies,especially______youreferredtojustnow.（06北京）

A.any B.itC.theone D.one問(wèn)題2:---Excuseme,canyoutellmewhereIcanfindasupermarket?(2004濟(jì)南)

---Ihappentoknow_____nearby.I‘llshowyoutheway.

A.some B.it C.that D.one問(wèn)題3：ThisisthelastcopyforHarryPotterofthisedition(版本)leftinourshop.Iwonderifyoustillwanttobuy_____.

A．this B．it C．one D．Any問(wèn)題4：Fewpleasurescanequal________ofacooldrink

onahotday.

（2009高考）

A.some

B.any

C.that

D.those

CDBC3．both，either，neither詞匯botheitherneither詞義兩者都兩者中任何一個(gè)兩者中都不作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)所修飾名詞的形式復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)常用搭配both…and(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù))either...orneither...nor謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近一致原則這樣考過(guò)(上饒模擬)Peterdidn'tchoose________ofthetiesandwentawaywithoutlookingatathirdone. A．every

B．a(chǎn)ny

C．a(chǎn)ll D．either答案：D(2008·北京)ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily，inwhich________oftheparentsspokethelanguage.A．none B．neitherC．both D．each答案：B⑤(錦州期末)Ihaven'tseen________ofherfilms，butjudgingfromtheoneIhaveseenrecentlyIthinksheisapromisingactress.A．either B．a(chǎn)nyC．both D．none答案：Cboth與not連用表部分否定Bothmyparentsarenotformyplan.Notbothmyparentsareformyplan.both作同位語(yǔ)Webothwenttothecinemalastnight.Thecouplehavebothlivedforyears.Myparentsarebothteachers.4．a(chǎn)ll，none，noone注意：短語(yǔ)noneotherthan意指“不是別人，正是……”詞匯allnonenoone詞義(三者或三者以上)“所有的”(三者或三者以上)都不沒(méi)有人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式指代可數(shù)名詞以及人時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)；指代不可數(shù)名詞/物時(shí)，用單數(shù)。指代可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)皆可；指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，用單數(shù)。單數(shù)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞可以不可以不可以與of連用可以可以不可以1)Allarehere.Solet'sgetstarted.Allhasbeengoingonverywellsofar.Allworkshasbeendone.Allofuswillstudyinourideauniversitiesoneandahalfyearslater.2)Noneofuswouldbelieveinsuchaperson.Iwantedtogiveyousomebread,buttherewasnoneleft.3)noone只指人，后不加of–whotoldyouthenews?--Noone.--Howmuchmoneyhaveyougotonyou?

--None.這樣考過(guò)⑥(2008·浙江衢州第三中學(xué)模擬)Itisnotsodifficulttolearnprogramwell.________youneedispatienceandpersistence.A．SomethingB．AllC．Both D．Everything答案：B(上海)—Wow！You'vegotsomanyclothes.—But________ofthemareinfashionnow.A．a(chǎn)ll B．bothC．neither

D．none答案：D(全國(guó)Ⅱ)Charleswasaloneathome，with________lookingafterhim.A．someone B．a(chǎn)nyoneC．notone

D．noone答案：DAttention:Iwasalittlesurprised.Whyshetoldme_.A.allthestoryB.thewholestoryC.theallstoryD.thethroughstoryall通常不與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用，allthebook;thewholebook.但與表時(shí)間的單數(shù)名詞可以：allday,allnight,alltheyearB2）no+n=not+a+n/notany+nTherearenostudentsintheclassroom.3)all與not,部分否定AllthestudentsarenotgirlsNotallthestudentsaregirlsanother/other/theother

/others/theothers問(wèn)題1：Youngpeoplemaygrowquicklyinsomewaysandmoreslowlyin____.(1993上海)A.theother B.someotherC.others D.theseothers問(wèn)題2：

Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and____.(2000北京春季)A.theotheriswhite B.anotherwhite C.theotherwhite D.anotheriswhite問(wèn)題3：

Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof_______.（05上海卷）A.others B.theother C.either D.anotherCCB5.other，theother，another，others，theothers詞匯othertheotheranotherotherstheothers詞義另一個(gè)另一些(兩上中的)另一個(gè)；(三者或三者以上的)另一個(gè)別人，別的東西(某一范圍內(nèi))其余的所有……指代泛指特指泛指泛指特指這樣考過(guò)⑩(北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū))Children，holdthebottlewithyourrighthand.Tommy；youarenotcorrect.Pleaseuseyour________hand.A．otherB．theotherC．a(chǎn)nother D．theanother答案：A?(山東)IfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn'tface________daylikethat.A．other B．a(chǎn)notherC．theother D．others答案：B?(湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué))Shethoughttherewas________likeitinanyofthestores，andshehadturnedalloftheminsideout.A．noother

B．notanyC．nomore D．noanother答案：A?(上海高考)Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof________.A．others B．theotherC．either D．a(chǎn)nother答案：B?(2008·湖南雅禮中學(xué)二模)Quiteafewboysinourschoollikeplayingfootballintheirsparetime，though________preferbasketball.A．others

B．nooneC．everyone D．theothers答案：A1）another+單數(shù)名詞，若后有基數(shù)詞或few,可接名詞復(fù)數(shù)Aftertheboyateoneapple,heaskedforanotherone.Weneedanotherfew

chairs.Inanothertwoweeks,it’llbefinished.2)除去已有的，表示“還有多少,另外……”①another+數(shù)量+名詞；②數(shù)量+other+名詞；③數(shù)量+more+名詞Ihaveanother3classesintheafternoon.Ihave3otherclassesintheafternoon.Ihave3moreclassesintheafternoon.2)一定范圍內(nèi)兩人(物)，一個(gè)用one，另一個(gè)用theother.

3)一定范圍內(nèi)三者，一個(gè)用one，另一個(gè)用one(another)，第三個(gè)可用theother/athird.Heboughtthreebooks.OneiswrittenbyBaJin,anotherbyLuXunandtheotherbyLiangshiqiu.4)no/any/some+other+單數(shù)名詞（anyoftheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）Tomrunsfasterthananyotherstudentinhisclass.

注意：“anyother＋名詞單數(shù)”表示“(一個(gè)范圍中的)其他任何一個(gè)”；“another＋數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示在原有的基礎(chǔ)上需要更多數(shù)量的東西。

5)otherthan=but/except”除了….”Iborrowedsomebooksotherthannovels.Thereisnobodyhereotherthanme.Youcangothereotherthanbyswimming6)theotherwayround/around/about“恰好相反”Nowit'sjusttheotherwayaround.Theyneedeachotherbecausetheyloveeachother.Tomostpeopleactingisglamorous,businessisn't.ItworkstheotherwayaroundforJohn.Isthereanywayaroundthetraffic?辨析--Shallwemeettonight?--Sorry,I’mbusy.Howabout

day?A.everyotherB.theotherC.anyotherD.someothereveryotherday每隔一天Theotherday前幾天Anyotherday其他任何一天Someotherday改天D6、every和each問(wèn)題：

____hegoesoutforsomefood.A.Everyafewdays B.Everyfewdays

C.Eachfewdays D.EveryseveraldaysB說(shuō)明：1)every強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念，each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。

Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook..2)every指三個(gè)以上的人或物(含三個(gè))，each指兩個(gè)以上的人或物(含兩個(gè))3)every是形容詞，只可做定語(yǔ)，不可單獨(dú)使用，也不加of（everyoneofus)。each可作代詞或形容詞,可與of連用。

Everystudenthastotakeone.

Weeachknowwhatweshoulddonext.

Eachoftheboyshastotakeone.Everystudentwillbeinvolvedintheresearch.

(4)every可以表示“每隔”，構(gòu)成“every＋數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”、“every＋few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”、“every＋other＋單數(shù)名詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)，each則沒(méi)有這種用法。everythirdday=everythreedaysIhadtositdownandresteveryfourminutes.Pleasewritedownthesenewwordsoneveryotherline.

5)every與not連用，表示部分否定；each和not連用表示全部否定。Everymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.6)“each/every＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Each做主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視主語(yǔ)而定。Theyeacharestudents.這樣考過(guò)⑨(綿陽(yáng)診斷)Beforegoingtotheparty，________ofuswasgivenaticket.A．everyone B．eachC．every

D．a(chǎn)ll答案：B

few,little,afew,alittle,abit

問(wèn)題:

Althoughhe’swealthy，hespends___onclothes.

A.little

B.few

C.alittle

D.afewA這樣考過(guò)(2007·北京)Hehasmadealotoffilms，but________goodones.A．a(chǎn)ny

B．someC．few D．many答案：C?(2007·湖北八校)Ihopethat________thatI'vebeenabletodoisofsomeusetoyou.A．a(chǎn)few B．thefewC．a(chǎn)little D．thelittle答案：D7．few，afew，little，alittle的用法注意：notalittle意思是“非?！?，后面跟形容詞。肯定afew(有幾個(gè))alittle(有一些)否定few(幾乎沒(méi)有)little(幾乎沒(méi)有)修飾詞修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞1）

(a)few+可數(shù)名詞,(a)little+不可數(shù)名詞

afew/alittle為肯定含義，還有一點(diǎn)

few/little為否定含義，沒(méi)有多少了。

abitof+不可數(shù)名詞

Hehasafewfriends.他有幾個(gè)朋友。

Hehasfewfriends.他幾乎沒(méi)有朋友。

Westillhavealittletime.我們還有點(diǎn)時(shí)間。

Thereislittletimeleft.幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么時(shí)間了。

Thereisonlyabitofinkinthebottle.2）only/justafew有幾個(gè)only/justalittle只有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)quiteafew相當(dāng)多的quitealittle相當(dāng)多Quickly,orwewillmissthebus.WehaveonlyalittletimeQuiteafewofthestudentswerelate。Cleaningthelargehallneededquite

a

littlework.3）notalittle=much/very;notabit=notatallI'msorrytohavegivenyounotalittletrouble.Wearenotalittletiredbecausewehavebeenworkingforalmosttwentyhours.Althoughhehadwalkedalongway,hedidn’tfeelabittired.4)”多達(dá)…不亞于…“nofewerthan=asmanyasnolessthan=asmuchasNofewerthan40missionsdividedbetweenthetwocharacters.It'snotlessthanamiletothestation.noless…than…與……一樣Heisnolessactivethanheusedtobe.Hismindisnolessalertthanyours.Attention:(a)few,(a)little,many,much后跟…of時(shí)，of后的名詞或代詞必須是特定的。Manyofpeopleareabsenttoday.Manyofthepeopleareabsenttoday

考題點(diǎn)擊：---Didyougoonmanyofthehuntingtrips?---No,_____.A.notmuchB.littleatallC.fewerD.veryfew2)---Areyoufeelingtiredafterthegame?---_____.Infact,Ifeelquiterelaxed.A.NotalittleB.NotabitC.NotlittleD.Notbit3)Tomnevergoesouttoeatbecausehehas____money.A.few B.little C.alittle D.afew_____friendsBettyhadmadetherewereallinvitedtoherbirthdayparty.(1997上海)

A.Fewof B.Few C.Thefew D.AfewDBBCsomeone等復(fù)合代詞的用法指人指物

用于肯定句用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句通用用于肯定句用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句通用someonesomebodyanyoneanybodyeveryoneeverybodynoone，nobodysomethinganythingeverythingnothing(重慶聯(lián)考)—Who'sknockingatthedoor?—Maybe________wantingtosellsomenewproducts.A．everybody B．a(chǎn)nybodyC．somebody D．nobody答案：C?(北京東城區(qū))Musiccanbeveryenjoyable，but________canbeappreciatedunlessyoulikeit.A．nothing

B．somethingC．everything D．a(chǎn)nything答案：A(2008·河南實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué))Mompromisedtobuymeanicegiftformynextbirthday，________beyondmyimagination.A．which

B．thatC．something D．theone答案：C(成都檢測(cè))—IsDavidamanwithgoodmanners?—Idon'tthinkso.Asamatteroffact，heis________butpolite.A．something B．everythingC．nothing

D．a(chǎn)nything答案：D

7.復(fù)合代詞分寫(xiě)與合寫(xiě)區(qū)別圖示復(fù)合形式分寫(xiě)形式復(fù)合形式復(fù)合形式everyoneeveryoneeverybody，anybodyeverything，anythingsomeonesomeonesomebodysomethinganyoneanyonenobodynothing指人，后面不接of短語(yǔ)指人或物，后面可接of短語(yǔ)指人，后面不接of短語(yǔ)指物，后面不接of短語(yǔ)這樣考過(guò)(寧波質(zhì)檢)—Doyouhave________fortheparty，Mary?—No，westillhavetogetanotherfivechairsandsomefreshflowers.A．something

B．everythingC．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing答案：B(錦州二模)I'mafraidIhavetogooutnow.If________phones，tell________I'llbebacklater.A．a(chǎn)nyone;them B．someone;itC．everyone;them D．a(chǎn)nyone;it答案：A(2008·安徽合肥質(zhì)檢)Theoldmanwastheonlypersonthatdiedinthecarcrash.________elsewasrescued.A．Everyone B．AnyoneC．Someone D．None答案：A疑問(wèn)代詞1、who,whomWhowouldliketogowithus?Whoarethepeopletheretalkingwiththemanager?Who/whomdidyousee?Who/whomareyouwritingto?With

whomdidyoudiscussthequestion?2,whoseTheyareallgoodatEnglish,butwhoseisbetter?Whoseareyougoingtoborrow?Whosearethese?Whosedictionaryisthis?3,whichWhichis(are)cheaper,this(these)printer(s)orthat(those)?Whichdoyouprefer,drysherryorsweetwine?Whichforeignlanguagehaveyoulearned?4,whatWhatmakesyouloveyourhometownsomuch?Whatshouldwedoaboutit?Whatareyourreasonsforresigning?Whatcountryallowsasmuchfreedomaswehaveinthisone?1)詢問(wèn)職業(yè)“whatbe+主語(yǔ)？”/“whatdo+主語(yǔ)+do?”你靠什么維持生計(jì)？Whatdoyoudoforaliving?2)詢問(wèn)品行和天氣，外貌“whatbe+主語(yǔ)+like?”“whatdo+主語(yǔ)+looklike?3）what…for?詢問(wèn)原因和目的whatdoyouneedtoborrowmoneyfor?Ithoughtyouhadplentyonyou.

4)whatif…?表假設(shè)，建議，征求意見(jiàn)、whatifitrainswhileweareontheway?WhatifIlayallthebooksonthedesk?5)whatdoyoumean(by…)?表示“憤怒，不滿”Whatdoyoumeanbyshuttingthedoorsoloudly?Youleftwithouttellinganyone.Whatonearthdidyoumean?6)whatabout…?Whataboutthetwoofushavingacoffee?8．部分否定與全部否定英語(yǔ)中的概括詞all，every，both以及與every構(gòu)成的合成詞和not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定，常譯成“并非……都”。這樣考過(guò)(2008·廣西桂林一模)—IthinkthewholeclassisgoingonafieldtripnextFriday.—I'mnotsure.________haspaidthetransportationfee.A．Noneofthem B．NooneC．Noteveryone D．Neitherofthem答案：C部分否定與全部否定

PartialNegation有全體意義的代詞或副詞both,all,every(及其派生詞),always,completely等,它們用于否定結(jié)構(gòu),只表示部分否定。譯作“一切…不都是”或“并非一切…都是”。1.all的否定式：notall…（或：all…not）表示"并非都…"、"不是所有的都…"

1)Allhopewasnotlost.并非所有的希望都破滅了。2)不是所有的鳥(niǎo)都會(huì)飛。Notallbirdscanfly.

=Allbirdscannotfly.=Somebirdscan’tfly.Allthatflattersyouarenotfaithfulfriends.奉承你的人并非都是忠實(shí)的朋友。Itwouldprovethatallisnotlost,thatthesunisgoingtorise,andthatmencanstillhavehope.可以證明，并非一切都完了，太陽(yáng)依然會(huì)升起來(lái)，人們?nèi)稳挥邢Ｍ?。Allarenotsaintsthatgotochurch.上教堂的未必都是圣人。

PartialNegation=Notbothofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.2.both的否定式：notboth…(或：both…not)"并非兩個(gè)…都…"并非兩道數(shù)學(xué)題都難。Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.3.every…的否定式："不是每…都…"Noteverybookiseducative.=Everybookisnoteducative.不是每本書(shū)都有教育意義的。Everythingisnotgood,butequallyeverythingisnotbad.并非一切都好，也并非一切都不好

PartialNegation不可以完全信任商人。4.always的否定式："并非總是（并非一直）…"Heisnotalwayssosad.

他并不是一直都這樣悲傷。5.entirely,altogether,completely和quite的否定式："不完全…"，"并非完全…"Thebusinessmanisnevertobeentirelytrusted.Idon'tagreecompletely.我并不完全同意。

PartialNegation他做的不十分妥當(dāng)。Whathedidwasnotquiteproper.Amanoflearningisnotalwaysamanofwisdom.Afoolishmandoesn'tmakeamistakeallthetime.6.allthetime的否定式："并非一直…"、"未必老是…"笨人未必老是犯錯(cuò)誤。7.not....fornothing,seldomn，hardly,little等詞也可以表示部分否定的否定式："并非一直…"、"未必老是…"

Itwasnotfornothingthatshespenttwoyearsstudyingskies.她花了兩年時(shí)間研究天體并非毫無(wú)收獲。II.fullNegation如要對(duì)上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite和allthetime等詞作完全否定，那就分別要用與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的表全部否定的詞：all→none一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有、沒(méi)有任何東西both→neither兩個(gè)都不every→noeveryone→noone/nobodyeverything→nothingalways→never我一生中，印象最深刻的就是第一次參觀故宮博物館。Noneofuswasallowedtogothere.我們?nèi)疾蛔屓ツ抢?。NothinginmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.將下列句子變成全部否定Allofthemcandoit.---Neitherisgood.

Noneofthemcandoit.Botharegood.---Nobodyknowsit.Heisneverlate.Wenevertrustthematall.Everybodyknowsit.---He