Columbia

UniversityColumbiauniversityThediscussaboutfoundacollegeinNewYorkprovincestartedin1704.Itwasuntiljuly.1754.thecollegestartedtooperate.ThefirstheadmasterisDr.Johnson,whowastheonlydoctorforjust8students.TheAmericarevolutiondestroyedthecollegein1783.King’scollegeColumbiaCollege

Afterthewar,theremainingmembersoftheBoardofGovernorsofKing'ssoughttoresuscitatethecollege,OnMay5,1784,theRegentsheldtheirfirstmeeting,appointingacommitteetosupervisetherepairsofthecollegebuilding.Columbia

University

In1896,theschooldirectorsformallydecidedtouse"ColumbiaUniversity"astheschool'snewname.Atsametime,theheadmasterchangedthecampustotherapiddevelopmentofmorningsidecampus.After40yearsdevelopment,ColumbiaUniversityisbecomingtheimportantresearchinstitutionsintheUnitedStatesENVIRONMENTColumbiaUniversitybelongstoIvyLeague,whichislocatedinNewYork.ItisnexttotheWallStreet,UNHeadquartersandBroadway.Inthenation'scultural,financialanddiplomaticCenter,studentscanfindtheirdevelopmenteasily.ThecommunitiesaroundColumbiaUniversityareonespecialaspectforit.ItislocatedinthejunctionofblackHarlemandSpanishHarlem,isthemiddleof20thcentury"thebeatgeneration"(BeatGeneration),birthplaceoftheliteraryandartisticmovement.

AlsoColumbiaUniversitysurroundedbymanyfamousfullofNewYorkjazzbars,performancecenters,cafes,nightlifedestination.Inthecolleges,Malls,restaurants,convenientshoppingmalls,sportscentersandotherplacesyoucanfindmanystudentsisreadingchattingorbreaking.Variousstudents'associationsalsoorganizevariousleisureandsocialactivities.,suchasschoolSpringBallpartyorganizedbybusinesscollege.TraditionsColumbiaUniversityOrgoNightOnthedaybeforetheOrganicChemistryexam—whichisoftenonthefirstdayoffinals—atpreciselythestrokeofmidnight,theColumbiaUniversityMarchingBandoccupiesButlerLibrarytodistractdiligentstudentsfromstudying.Afteraforty-fiveminutesorsoofjokesandmusic,theprocessionthenmovesouttothelawninfrontofHartley,WallachandJohnJayresidencehallstoentertaintheresidentsthere.TheBandthenplaysatvariousotherlocationsaroundMorningsideHeights,includingtheresidentialquadrangleofBarnardCollege,wherestudentsoftheall-women'sschool,inmock-consternation,raintrash–includingnotesandcoursepackets–andwaterballoonsuponthemfromtheirdormitoriesabove.TheBandtendstoclosetheirOrgoNightperformancesbeforeFurnaldHall,knownamongstudentsasthemorestudiousandreportedly"anti-social"residencehall,wheretheunderclassmenintheBandserenadethegraduatingseniorswithanentertaining,thoughvulgar,mock-hymntoColumbia,composedofquipsthatpokefunatthevariousstereotypesabouttheColumbiastudentbodyTree-LightingandYuleLogceremoniesThecampusTree-LightingCeremonyisarelativelynewtraditionatColumbia,inauguratedin1998.Itcelebratestheilluminationofthemedium-sizedtreesliningCollegeWalkinfrontofKentandHamiltonHallsontheeastendandDodgeandJournalismHallsonthewest,justbeforefinalsweekinearlyDecember.ThelightsremainonuntilFebruary28.Studentsmeetatthesun-dialforfreehotchocolate,performancesbyvariousacappellagroups,andspeechesbytheuniversitypresidentandaguest.ImmediatelyfollowingtheCollegeWalkfestivitiesisoneofColumbia'solderholidaytraditions,thelightingoftheYuleLog.TheChristmasceremonydatestoaperiodpriortotheAmericanRevolutionaryWar,butlapsedbeforebeingrevivedbyUniversityPresidentNicholasMurrayButlerintheearly20thcentury.AtroopofstudentsdressedasContinentalArmysoldierscarrytheeponymouslogfromthesun-dialtotheloungeofJohnJayHall,whereitislitamidthesingingofseasonalcarols.TheChristmasceremonyisaccompaniedbyareadingofAVisitFromSt.NicholasbyClementClarkeMooreandYes,Virginia,ThereisaSantaClausbyFrancisPharcellusChurchTheVarsityShowTheVarsityShowisanannualmusicalwrittenbyandforstudentsandwasestablishedin1894,makingitoneofColumbia'soldesttraditions.PastwritersanddirectorshaveincludedColumbiansRichardRodgersandOscarHammerstein,LorenzHart,I.A.L.Diamond,andHermanWouk.TheshowhasoneofthelargestoperatingbudgetsofalluniversityeventsThesetupofCollegedepartmentThe

university

encompasses

twenty

schools

and

is

affiliated

with（附屬）

numerous

institutions（機構(gòu)）,

including

Teachers

College

(which

is

Columbia

University‘s

Graduate

School

of

Education),

Barnard

College,

and

the

Union

Theological

Seminary（工會神學(xué)院）,

with

joint

undergraduate

programs

available

through

the

Jewish

Theological

Seminary

of

America

as

well

as

the

Juilliard

School.Columbia

University's

medical,

law,

business,

journalism

are

among

the

best

in

the

world.

The

issued

by

the

school

of

journalism

Pulitzer

prize

is

the

highest

honor

of

the

press

in

the

United

States.Thereare107bachelordegreecourses31master'sdegreecoursesand27doctoratecourses.ColumbiaUniversityLibraries

ColumbiaUniversityLibrariesisthelibrarysystemofColumbiaUniversityandisoneofthetopfiveacademiclibrarysystemsinNorthAmericaandtoptenlargestlibrariesbyvolumesheld.Withover12millionvolumes,over160,000journalsandserials（期刊）,aswellasextensiveelectronicresources,manuscripts,rarebooks,microforms,maps,andgraphicandaudio-visualmaterials,itisthesixthlargestacademiclibraryintheUnitedStatesandthelargestacademiclibraryintheStateofNewYork.Library

Theservicesandcollectionsareorganizedinto22libraries

andvariousacademictechnologycenters,includingaffiliates（隸屬機構(gòu)）.

Theorganization

employsmorethan450professional

andsupportstaffandislocatedontheuniversity's

MorningsideHeightscampus

inNewYorkCity.ColumbiaUniversityLibraries

FamousAlumni

ColumbiaUniversityisknownasthecradleofcultivatingpoliticalandeconomicleaders.Sofar,ColumbiaUniversity,hasdevelopedtwoU.S.SupremeCourtjustice:threeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.Inaddition,the34thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesPresidentDwightEisenhower'swasappointedasColumbiaUniversityvice-chancellorofthe13.FormerU.S.secretaryofstateMadeleineAlbright,Alangreenspan,formerchairmanofthefederalreservebankoftheUnitedStates,theU.S.attorneygeneralEricholder,etc.,and14inNewYorkCitymayor,governorofthestateofNewYork10isalsoagraduateofColumbiaUniversity.ColumbiaUniversityalsoownstheWallStreetandotherleadingpositioninthebusinessworld,includingtheUnitedStateseconomyfamilyastorfamily,famousstockinvestmentguruWarrenBuffettincludingfortune500executivessuchastheworldretailgiantWal-MartfounderRobsonWalton,America'spublictelevisionnetworkPBSIntheemergingfieldalsohavesocialmediaplatformsBuzzFeedSteinberg,President,etcasarepresentative.

Inthetechnologicalworld,IBMfounderHermanHollerith,FMradioinventorEdwinArmstrong,Howar