定語從句中關(guān)系詞的省略

在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞不可省略；限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞的省略有以下6種：1．關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)的省略：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which和that在定語從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞位于句末的介詞賓語時(shí)，可以省略。

Whoistheman（that/who/whom）youweretalkingto?關(guān)系詞的省略2．關(guān)系代詞作表語時(shí)的省略：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時(shí)，可以省略。Chinaisnotthecountry（that）itwas.3．關(guān)系副詞when的省略：用作時(shí)間狀語的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略，但在thetime,everytime,eachtime,themoment，day,year,time等少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后可以省略(有時(shí)可換成that)。Bythetime(when)hewasfourteenyearsold,Einsteinhadlearntadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.I’llneverforgettheday（that/when）wemet.關(guān)系詞的省略4．關(guān)系副詞where的省略：關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略，但用于place,somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略，也可換成that。Thisistheplace（where/that）

theymetyesterday.5．關(guān)系副詞why的省略：關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于thereason后引導(dǎo)定語從句，且通?？蓳Q成that或forwhich，均可省略。That'sthereason(why,forwhich,that)hecame.關(guān)系詞的省略6.當(dāng)先行詞是way時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞常常省略。

Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit.

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich解析：根據(jù)句意該用theway，所以在A和D中選擇。然后考查theway后接定語從句的用法，具體用法有三種：(1)用inwhich引導(dǎo)；(2)用that引導(dǎo)；(3)省略關(guān)系副詞。此題屬于第三種用法。關(guān)系詞的省略注意：介詞后不用who、that，介詞后的關(guān)系代詞不可省。定語從句之關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定如何選定介詞:1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)：e.g.Isthatthenewspaper

forwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時(shí)，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,ofwhom20

havebeentoBeijing.5.Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“

of+關(guān)系代詞”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,

why=for+which

介詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。Eg:Thisistheroom

where(inwhich)Ilived.

=Thisistheroom

whichIlivedin.

1、Theman_______youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB2、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC含有固定搭配的定語從句Thespeechmainlydealswiththetrouble.演講主要處理問題。Youngchildrenhavetroubledistinguishingrightfromwrong.小孩們?cè)趨^(qū)分對(duì)錯(cuò)方面有問題。Thespeechmainlydealswiththetrouble(that/which)youngchildrenhavedistinguishingrightfromwrong.演講主要處理（小孩們?cè)趨^(qū)分對(duì)錯(cuò)方面的）問題1.Youdon’tknowaboutthedifficultyIhad__theworkthenatall.A.doneB.todoC.fordoingD.indoing答：D。引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞that或which被省略,因?yàn)樵撨B詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞had的賓語.該定語從句的完整結(jié)構(gòu)為:that/whichIhadindoingtheworkthen,,that/which在定語從句替代的是先行詞difficulty.該定語從句還原過來就是:Ihaddifficultyindoingtheworkthen/我那時(shí)在工作上遇到的困難You

can

hardly

know

the

difficulty

they

had

_____the

little

money.

A,made

B,to

make

C,making

D,to

be

make選C分析：the

had

making

the

little

money.作difficulty的定語從句。省略了引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that,

that代替the

difficulty,作had的賓語，所以定語從句中用到的句型是have

difficulty

doing

sth.

.You

can

never

imagine

what

great

trouble

I

have

had_____him

to

s