名

詞名詞的概念：表人，事物或抽象概的詞。名詞的分類：名詞

專有名詞普通名詞

PacificOcean,GreatWall,the個體名詞集體名詞class,furniture,people物質(zhì)名詞glass,water,paper抽象名詞danger,love,knowledge第講專名和通詞一．專有名詞表示特定的或獨無二的人或物，如名，地名和機構(gòu)名等。．專有名詞的首母要大寫，如China,Africa,Green．一般的人名，名通常不帶定冠詞但河流，海洋，群，海峽等名稱帶定詞。theOcean,EnglishChannel．某些由普通名組成的專有名詞也定冠詞。如：theChildrensPalacePeoplesPark4.專有名詞般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示姓的專有詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時指該姓的一家人，前面必須加冠詞。如：thethe二．普通名詞表示一類人，物事，可以分為個體詞，集體名詞，物名詞和抽象名詞。1．個體詞指人或物的個，是可數(shù)名詞。2．集體詞是一群人或物總稱，有些是可數(shù)名，有些是不可數(shù)名?？蓴?shù)名詞：class---twoclassestwoteams不可數(shù)名詞：furniture3.物質(zhì)名詞示不能分為個體的質(zhì)，是不可數(shù)名詞。paper,water4象名詞表示人物的品質(zhì)狀等抽象概念是可數(shù)名詞如interest,love專項訓(xùn)練11.are____infridge.B.dishesC.breadD.2.chickenyouforlunch?B.WantC.D.How3.I’dnoteat______sweets.manymuchC.soD.so4.isshorterthan______An,B.//,/D.The,the5.Brownsfootballmatchguestsonthedoor.1waswatchingB.isC.wereD.6.famousfor______greatwallB.greatwallGreatWallD.Wall7.needstheriverslotB.agreatC.alargeamountofD.of8._______.AmericaB.anAmericaC.D.9.Weshould_______goodB.angoodgoodD.someadvicesTVnewsoftengivesusB.informationC.ofD.piecesofinformations第講可名變數(shù)一．規(guī)則名變復(fù)數(shù)：1．一般情況下加s,在清輔音后讀/s/,在濁輔音和元音后讀/2.以s,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名，加變復(fù)數(shù)。Class,brush,match3.以o結(jié)尾的名詞加es變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，如photo,zoo,piano,video,但以結(jié)尾的名詞如果是有命的，就要加變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如hero,negro,tomato,potato,mango但蚊子有兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式mosquitos或zeroes4.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，為i再加es如：city,lady,family,5.以f或結(jié)尾名詞，變f或fe為v，再加如life,knife,wife,half,shelf但也有以f結(jié)尾的名詞可直接加s變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)的。如roof,proof,gulf兩種方法均可的handkerchief二．不規(guī)則詞變復(fù)數(shù)1）child---childrenfoot---feetman---men注：由個詞或構(gòu)成合成，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是和-，如anEnglishman。German是成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為；是姓其復(fù)是。單同形如，fish，li，jin，twolithree，fourjin等但人民的元分外元鎊郎都有數(shù)形如dollars;twometers集名詞以單形式現(xiàn)，但實為復(fù)數(shù)。例如：policecattle等身就是復(fù)數(shù)說apolice以，apoliceman，theEnglish，，，theChinesetheJapanese，theSwiss等詞，示國總稱時，作復(fù)數(shù)用，如中2國民是勞勇的。4）以s結(jié)尾，仍為數(shù)的名詞，如：，politics，等科詞一般不可名詞為單數(shù)。news為不可名詞。the，theNations應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。UnitedNationswasorganizedin聯(lián)合是1945年組建起來。d.以數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，紙，志名也可視為單數(shù)。例如："TheNights"isa《一千零一夜本常有的故事書。5）表示由兩分構(gòu)的東西，如glasses（眼鏡）等若表達體目要借數(shù)量（，雙;suit（;apairofglasses;twopairsof。6）另外還有些名詞復(fù)數(shù)式有可表示特別意思貨waters水（種）。不國籍的單數(shù)國總（語用數(shù)）單數(shù)復(fù)中人瑞人SwissaSwiss澳利亞an俄人RussiansRussian意利人anItaliantwo希人GreekaGreek法人日人JapaneseJapanesetwo美人antwo印人Indiantwo加大人CanadiantwoCanadians德人Germanstwo英人EnglishantwoEnglishmen瑞人aSwedeSwedes三．可數(shù)名可以由以下量詞修some,plentyalotagroupalargeof,largenumbersofaofhundreds四．有些名只有復(fù)數(shù)形式專項訓(xùn)練3一.

將下列名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)：pen--------------book------------student------------knife-----------bus---------,box---------,watch---------,sheep------------,fish---------,mouse------------,leaf---------,desk------------,child--------------,man------------,tooth------------,Chinese------------,American--------------,boy------------,country-----------,Japanese-------------------,city-------------,month----------,tomato-----------,photo-----------,radio----------,face-----------,hero----------.二.選擇填空：1.Inhisletter,LeetoldusmanyabouthisvisittotheStates.newsB.C.informationD.truth2.Iof_____preparingthefinalexams.energyB.timeC.D.strength3.fromdifferenttovisitShanghaicountryB.C.countries.D4.Smithdoesn______toB.C.alotD.5.WeseveralofproofB.provesD.prooves6.AofstudentsontheplaygroundplayB.C.isplayingD.areplaying7.Myauntbought_____cottonstockingsformedepartmentpairofaloafofC.apieceofD.groupofWangDamingsomefamilywill_____forfish,fishesB.C.fishes,D.fishing,fishThere______inhospital.womanB.doctorsC.womenD.womenIate_____.muchhamburgerB.manyhamburgermanyhamburgersD.toomuchhamburgers.第講不數(shù)詞．不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)分，一般以單數(shù)對待，物名詞和抽象名詞均為不可數(shù)名詞。．不可數(shù)名詞的集體數(shù)量借助于“單位abottleofoftwoof三．不可數(shù)名詞可以由以一些詞修飾。asome,of,lotof,anamountof,hugeof四．物質(zhì)名詞在表示不同別時，可用復(fù)數(shù)。4（水果）（各種水果）五．有些物質(zhì)名詞的單，數(shù)形式表示不的意義。（水）—waters（海水或河）（綠色-----（青）專訓(xùn)1．TherewasmudongroundafteranyB.manyD.lot2.IneedscissorstotheB.apairofC.aofD.two3.teatchocolate.Itstoteeth.muchB.C.tooD.4.Weneedofcomputers.notesC.newspapersD.5.Wehave____ournewflat.furniturefurnituresfurnitureD.lotoffurnitures6.Youfind_____abuildingAmanyB.lotofC.D.amountof7.GreenahappypairB.C.D.8.appliancesare______B.electricityC.D.electricities9.WouldthestudentsliketohaveadiscussiononinB.D.someWhatwetoday!suchaweatherB.aweathernuceaweatherD.niceweather第講名所格英語名詞所有格示所屬關(guān)系，它分s所有格和of所有格兩種。如DickstheBeijing一．所有格一般情況下，非s結(jié)尾的名詞所有是在詞尾加s.如MaryBobs；以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有直接在其后加’如parents其用法如：s所有格主要用于生命的東西。如tie,cats有時也用于無生的東西，這種情況要用于表示時間，點，國家，距離，自然現(xiàn)象等。如twodays’tripminutes’walkweatherthesparkssair表示兩人或多人有的一樣?xùn)|西時，在后面的名詞前加;如果為各自所有，兩個名詞前都要’;TonyJohnbedroom.TomSuan4.表示店鋪，醫(yī)院，學(xué)，住宅及公共建時，名詞所有后常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞。如thedoctors(office)5Itotomyuncle(home)5.含有else的常用于不定代詞問代或疑問副詞之后另，其他其所格形式為else如bookisItmustsomeoneelse二．of所有格的用：．表示無生命東西的所有關(guān)系如：Theoftheisbroken.．表示名詞化詞的所有關(guān)系。：Thelifeofthepoorprobleminthiscountry.3．of所有格也可用于有命的人物，有時也可以與所有格互換。如Mrs=of4．當(dāng)所有格表示類別或源時，通常不能換成of所有格。如Womenss三．雙重所有雙重所有格就是所有格和s所有格結(jié)合在起表示所有關(guān)系的構(gòu)。主要用法如下：1．當(dāng)被飾的名詞前有指代詞，疑問代詞，不代詞或數(shù)詞等限定修飾時，一般用雙重所有，有時帶有感情色。ItlikethatnoseDavidfriendsofmyfathercamevisityesterday.2．比較下兩種表達在含上的區(qū)別aphotoMary瑪麗收藏的一張照of瑪麗的一張照片專項訓(xùn)練41.LiDongofmy_____.Weoftenplaygamestogether.B.brothersD.brothers2.themselvesatthe______ChildsB.ChildrenC.ChildrenD.Childrens’3.It____walkfrommytominuteB.minutesminuteD.’4.anyin____newspaper?todayB.stodaysD.of5.explosiveusedNobelB.’NobelD.6.sgoodfriends.B.FatherC.fathersD.7.Myissofter_____KittyB.KittysKittysD.Kittys8.SusanBettyliveintheItisBettyB.sBettyC.BettyD.Betty9.Three-of___coveredwithearthsB.C.D.s---Whathave---Ihavefinished6dayworkasworkC.daysworkingD.綜合訓(xùn)練一．選擇與下列子中劃線部分意義接近的單詞或短語B.C.D.charactersThetwinsdifferentpersonalities.WehaveshortsleepafteryouwriterofthesthatstrangelivingthingwitheightpeopleinonSunday.二．用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空，每空限添詞：1．syou.(invite)OldJohnfromthe__________.ill)Thelearnaboutsave)________mostimportantthingfora(honest)Carterushis_________ofstamps.(collect)a__________atwasawonderful__________.(youthinkcomputerswillcompletelytakeof__________?(9.Fridaymysawa____________with(rob)Billydeliverednewspapersandsometheforcollege________(expensive)四．選擇方框的單詞，并用它適當(dāng)形式填空，空限添一詞。mixmanage_________comeswithexperience.his_________advice.Air____________ofyou___________ofthisquestion?TheofaradioTVfromthevarypersonpollutegoodkindof__________forThelawwillreduce__________ofair.Thecouldhide____________ChristmasEve.KittyandAlicegoodfriendstheir_________similar.____________innewjob.Ievery7代

詞代替名詞，名詞詞組或由上下文的境可推知的人或事的詞叫代詞。代詞句中可作主語，賓語表語和定語。初中見的代詞可分為人代詞，物主代詞，示代詞，疑問代詞，身代詞和不定代詞。第一講人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容

一單Ime

一復(fù)weusour

二單youyou

二復(fù)youyou

三單heshehimhis

itit

三復(fù)them詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞

mineyoursyourshishersitstheirsmyselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfthemselves專項訓(xùn)練一．用適當(dāng)?shù)娜舜~或物主代詞填：1.Thisisatwelveyearsold.---------nameTom.Ilike------.Look!s------------playing2.Thatisgirl.-----isinClass4,GradeIs-------drawing-------Pleasegiverulerto------.3.ThisisaisMimi.istwoold.Look!s-----doing?runningafteramouse.-----hostlikes------very-----iseating-----prey（獵物.4.Youareastudent.isJim.-----------teacherlike------Ithinkteacher--------verymuch,because----hard-working5.atthosestudents!What----------aregames.----teachersdontlike----allbecausealittle淘氣).6.DavidandIgood---inthesame---------respect(尊敬)----------teacherandhe----very---------classroomisverybig.8---------oftenclean-----classroom.oftenpraise（表揚）-------------.big.________issmall.--Isthisher--No,itt_______________isthere.teachersfriendly.___________（他們的arefriendly,too.--Arethosehisbooks?--No,arent.These_______（他的OnSundays,weusuallyhavea=Sundays,enjoyLiMing,IyoufelloffDidBoysgirls,youworkthedifficultby_________?Tom,__________someHeoften________Japanese.Hesreallygreat.二．選擇填空：1.willjoin____inthegame.B.weC.D.2.newisMary.sheB.herC.youD.yours3.Wecanfindawaytofromtimetotime.weB.ourC.D.4.MaryisaofmineB.meD.I5.Most_______aretheyB.themC.D.theirs6.Missteaches____weB.ourC.D.7.Helptoapplesandbananas,boysandgirls.youyoursC.D.yourselves8._____familyaretoatriptofor______holiday.hisB.his,D.him,9.ispossibletotestiflot.HeC.ThisD.That_____________whilefootball.youIheandII,andD.you,heI,第二講近指

指示代詞遠(yuǎn)指9單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù)句子互換

thisthese

thatthose專項訓(xùn)練2Iastudent.---------------------------------Theyareteachers.------------------------------Youworkers.-----------------------------Heisa-----------------------------------------Itisabox.------------------------------------goodpicture.-----------------------------------Those------------------------------isanThose--------------------------------Wearedoctors.----------------------------------Younurse.----------------------------------Itsawatch.------------------------------注意it和還有這樣用法TheweatherinBeijingfrominThestudentsinclassaremorethanin3.Theinourismuchthanthatin第三講

不定代詞和一般情況，用于肯定，any用于定句和疑問句疑問句較委婉，望得到對方的確切答，用代替；在條件句中用代替some專項訓(xùn)練3按要求改寫句子每空限添一詞23改為否句57改為肯定句，8，9，改為一般疑問句)1.milkinbowl.There________milkinbowl2.Ivesomeandsisters.I_______________________sisters.3.Mymotherdoeswashingat______________________weekends.sawsomeinthelakejustnow.I________see________inthelakejustnow.5.Tomtdonehomework10________already_________homework.6.Theywontrepairwoodendeskstomorrow.Theyrepair_________deskstomorrow7.tanyflourortomakeWe________buy_________flour________eggstomake8.arerulerspencil-box.Arethere________________rulers9.Motherdishesinkitchen._______________disheskitchen?Ihavewith_______you______with