甘肅省靖遠(yuǎn)縣2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀選擇TopFourPlacestoVisitinandaroundBaliUbudUbudisprettyawayfromthebeaches.ItisconsideredtheculturalcenterofBali,whereyouwilldiscovertheartandspiritofBaliandlearnaboutBalinesereligionthroughpaintings,dance,andotherartforms.Youcoulddrinkabeerwhilewatchingalocalbandperform,butmostpeoplecomeherefortheculturalappreciation.NusaLembonganThistinyislandoffthecoastofBaliiswheremanypeoplemisstheirjourneyplans,butitisamust-see,Itistheperfectplacetostayforacoupleofnights,Theroadsarenotgood,buttheislanditselfissobeautifulandquiet.SanurSanurisanespeciallyrelaxingbeachtown.It'sclosetotheairportandKuta.It'salsothestartingplacetoexploreNusaLembongan.KutaThebeachofKutaisgreatforsurfing.Itiscrowdedandyouwon'tgetfarwithoutsomeonetryingtogetyoutorentasurfboardorbuysomething.Themaintownisamixtureofmarketstandsandshoppingmallscontainingthebiggestbrands,fromZaratoRalphLauren.Thefamiliarityofthewesternstyleshopsandrestaurantswon'tgiveanyonetoomuchofacultureshock.1．WhichplaceareyouprobablyadvisedtoexperienceBalineseculture?A．NusaLembongan. B．Sanur.C．Ubud. D．Kuta.2．WhatisspecialaboutKuta?A．Itisabeachtownneartheairport.B．Ithasaconvenienttransportationmeansonit.C．Itisashoppingcenterandfamousforsurfing.D．ItisaplacewhereyoucanlearnBalinesehistory.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anofficialdocument. B．Atravelmagazine.C．Asciencereport. D．Ahistorybook.【答案】1．C2．C3．B【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了巴厘島及周邊地區(qū)的四大旅游勝地。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ubud中“ItisconsideredtheculturalcenterofBali,whereyouwilldiscovertheartandspiritofBaliandlearnaboutBalinesereligionthroughpaintings,dance,andotherartforms.(它被認(rèn)為是巴厘島的文化中心，在這里你可以發(fā)現(xiàn)巴厘島的藝術(shù)和精神，并通過(guò)繪畫、舞蹈和其他藝術(shù)形式了解巴厘宗教。)”可知，如果你想體驗(yàn)巴厘島的文化，建議你去Ubud。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kuta中第一句“ThebeachofKutaisgreatforsurfing.(Kuta的海灘很適合沖浪。)”和第三句“Themaintownisamixtureofmarketstandsandshoppingmallscontainingthebiggestbrands,fromZaratoRalphLauren.(主要城鎮(zhèn)有集市和購(gòu)物中心，里面有Zara和RalphLauren等最大的品牌。)”可知，Kuta的特別之處在于，它是一個(gè)購(gòu)物中心，以沖浪而聞名。故選C。3．推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“TopFourPlacestoVisitinandaroundBali(巴厘島及周邊地區(qū)的四大旅游勝地)”可知，本文介紹了巴厘島及周邊地區(qū)的四大旅游勝地。由此可知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游雜志。故選B。Iopenedthebigsteeldoortotheschool'sfrontoffice.Myhandswereabitsweaty,myheartwaspoundinginmychest,andmythroatandtonguefelttenseanddry.Itwasthefirstdayofschool.No,notformeasastudent,butrather,formeasafirsttimereadingtutor（助教）volunteeringwiththeExperienceCorpsprogram.I'msoproudtobepartofsuchaworthwhileeducationalorganization.TheExperienceCorpsdevelopedaresearch-based,statisticallyprovenreadingimprovementprogramwhichconsistsoffunreadinggames.Inthegames,I'dplaywitheachchildandtheydidn'tevenrealizethattheywereactuallylearningandimprovingtheirreading—wewerehavingtoomuchfun!"Ms.R,"（astheycalledme）,"Ireadmybooktomydog,Sunny,andshereallylikedit,too."Great!That'stheidea—keeponreadingtoothersathometoincreaseaccuracyandfluency."Ms.R,mymomhasababyinherbelly.I'mgoingtobeabigsisterandwillreadtohimwhenhecomesout."Thatonemademefeelallwarmandsweet,andItoldthestudentthatshewouldbethebestbigsisterever."Ms.R,whydoyouhavegrayhair?"Ilovethefranknessofkids.Ijustlaughedandtoldthemitwasbettertohavegrayhairthannohair!Weallgiggled（傻笑）atthat.Thestudentsweretestedthroughouttheyear,andresultsshowedthattheyweremakingprogressintheirreading.IhopeIplayedatleastasmallpartintheiracademicsuccess.WhenIfirstvolunteeredtotutor,Iwasabitanxious.Ihadnoteachingexperience,butIfoundoutthatyoudon'tneedany.Allyouneedisthewillingnesstogiveofyourselfandadesiretoworkone-on-onewiththesechildrenwhosodesperatelywanttopleaseyou.4．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenfirstworkingasareadingtutor?A．Curious. B．Nervous.C．Satisfied. D．Pleased.5．What'sthemaintaskoftheauthorintheschool?A．Helpingimprovethereadingprogram.B．Teachingstudentsknowledgeofallthesubjects.C．Playingvariousoutdoorgameswiththestudents.D．Offeringreadingguidanceundertheprogram.6．What'sthepurposeofparagraph3?A．Todescribethepleasureofbeingareadingtutor.B．TostatehowtheExperienceCorpsprogramworks.C．Toshowhowclosethestudentsaretothevolunteertutor.D．Toexplainthedifficultiesandhardshipofteaching.7．Intheauthor'sview,whatisthekeytobeingagoodreadingtutor?A．Experience. B．Devotion.C．Knowledge. D．Diligence.【答案】4．B5．D6．A7．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者充當(dāng)閱讀指導(dǎo)員的經(jīng)歷。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Myhandswereabitsweaty,myheartwaspoundinginmychest,andmythroatandtonguefelttenseanddry.（我的手有點(diǎn)出汗，我的心怦怦直跳，我的喉嚨和舌頭感到緊張和干燥。）”中的tense可知，作者第一次做閱讀指導(dǎo)員的時(shí)候，是非常緊張的（nervous）。故選B項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheExperienceCorpsdevelopedaresearch-based,statisticallyprovenreadingimprovementprogramwhichconsistsoffunreadinggames.Inthegames,I'dplaywitheachchildandtheydidn'tevenrealizethattheywereactuallylearningandimprovingtheirreading—wewerehavingtoomuchfun!（ExperienceCorps開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)基于研究及統(tǒng)計(jì)證明的閱讀改進(jìn)程序，其中包括有趣的閱讀游戲。在游戲中，我和每個(gè)孩子一起玩，他們甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他們實(shí)際上是在學(xué)習(xí)和提高他們的閱讀能力--我們玩得太開(kāi)心了?。笨芍?，作者的主要任務(wù)是在某閱讀程序下給讀者提供閱讀指導(dǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。第三段主要描述了作者作為閱讀指導(dǎo)員跟孩子相處的快樂(lè)點(diǎn)滴，因此可知第三段的主要目的是描述成為一名閱讀指導(dǎo)員的樂(lè)趣。故選A項(xiàng)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Allyouneedisthewillingnesstogiveofyourselfandadesiretoworkone-on-onewiththesechildrenwhosodesperatelywanttopleaseyou.（你所需要的就是愿意付出，并且渴望與這些拼命想取悅你的孩子們一對(duì)一地工作。）”中的thewillingnesstogiveofyourself可知，作者認(rèn)為一個(gè)好的閱讀指導(dǎo)員的必備素質(zhì)是奉獻(xiàn)（devotion）。故選B項(xiàng)。Despitethesuccessfulcreationofyoungbycloningvariousspecies,researchersstillhavelimitedunderstandingofthetechnique.Althoughtheoverallefficiencyandsafetyofcloninginanimalshassignificantlyincreasedoverthepastfifteenyears,itisnotyetasafeprocess.Forexample,therateofdeadbirthsanddevelopmentalabnormalitiesremainshigh.Anothersourceofconcernistheriskofprematureageingbecauseofshortenedtelomeres（端粒酶）.Telomeresgetshorterasananimalgetsolder.Whenthetelomeresofacellgetsoshortthattheydisappear,thecelldies.Theconcernisthatclonedanimalsmaygettheshortenedtelomeres,withpossiblyprematureagingandashortenedlifespanasaresult.Formany,thefactthatcloningisunsafeprovidesagoodreasonnottopursueit.Ithasbeenarguedthatitwouldsimplybewrongtoputsuchsignificanthealthrisksonhumans.Thestrongestversionofthisargumentstatesthatitwouldbewrongnowtoproduceachildbycloningbecauseitwouldbeacaseofillegalbirth.Againstthis,ithasbeenarguedthatevenifcloningisunsafe,itmaystillbepermissibleiftherearenosafermeanstobringthatverysamechildintoexistence.Withtheactualrateofadvancementincloning,onecannotdenyafutureinwhichthesafetyandefficiencyofcloningwillbeequalorsuperiortothatoftest-tubebaby.Aremainingquestionis,then,whetherthosewhocondemn（譴責(zé)）cloningbecauseofitsexperimentalnatureshouldcontinuetocondemnitmorallyandlegally.Someauthorshavereasonedthatif,inthefuture,cloningbecomessaferthansexualreproduction,weshouldevenmakeitourreproductivemethodofchoice.8．What'sthemainideaofparagraph1?A．Allspeciesareabletobeclonedtechnically.B．Theefficiencyandsafetyofcloningisincreasing.C．Variousrisksstillexistintheprocessofcloning.D．There'sstillalottolearnaboutcloningtechnology.9．Whatcanweknowabouttelomeres?A．Theydifferfromspeciestospecies.B．Thelongertheyare,theolderthecell.C．Theytendtogetthinnerwhenaging.D．Theydon'texistinadeadcell.10．Whydidtheopponentscondemnhumancloning?A．Itwouldbreaktheexistinglawsinnature.B．Itwouldbringgreathealthrisksonhumans.C．Ithasalargegaptobefilleduptechnically.D．Itisagainstthewillofthemajorityofpeople.11．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetohumancloning?A．Positive. B．Skeptical.C．Ambiguous. D．Worried.【答案】8．C9．D10．B11．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在克隆方面依然存在的不安全因素，且人們對(duì)待克隆技術(shù)看法不一。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Althoughtheoverallefficiencyandsafetyofcloninginanimalshassignificantlyincreasedoverthepastfifteenyears,itisnotyetasafeprocess.(盡管在動(dòng)物克隆方面的整體效率和安全在過(guò)去的十五年中已經(jīng)有了巨大的提高，然而那依然不是安全的過(guò)程。)”中的notyetasafeprocess可知，第一段主要介紹“在克隆的過(guò)程中各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)依然存在?！惫蔬xC項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Formany,thefactthatcloningisunsafeprovidesagoodreasonnottopursueit.Whenthetelomeresofacellgetsoshortthattheydisappear,thecelldies(當(dāng)一個(gè)細(xì)胞的端粒酶變得太短而消失的時(shí)候，那個(gè)細(xì)胞就死了。)”可知，端粒酶不存在于死亡的細(xì)胞里。故選D項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ithasbeenarguedthatitwouldsimplybewrongtoputsuchsignificanthealthrisksonhumans.（對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，克隆是不安全的這一事實(shí)為不進(jìn)行克隆提供了一個(gè)很好的理由。有人認(rèn)為，將如此重大的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)置于人類身上是完全錯(cuò)誤的。）”中的healthrisks可知，人類克隆的反對(duì)者認(rèn)為，克隆會(huì)有害人類健康。故選B項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Someauthorshavereasonedthatif,inthefuture,cloningbecomessaferthansexualreproduction,weshouldevenmakeitourreproductivemethodofchoice.（一些作者認(rèn)為，如果將來(lái)克隆技術(shù)比有性生殖更安全，我們甚至可以選擇它作為我們的繁殖方式。）”可知，作者對(duì)克隆技術(shù)是肯定的（positive）。故選A項(xiàng)。TheremainsofagoldmaskwerefoundatanarchaeologicalsiteinChina'sSichuanprovinceinMarch2021.Weighingabout280gramsandestimatedtobemadefrom84%gold,themaskwasoneofover500itemsunearthedfromsixnewlydiscoveredsacrificialpits（坑）,accordingtothecountry'sNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration.ThefindsweremadeatSanxingdui,a4.6-square-mileareaoutsidetheprovincialcapitalofChengdu.SomeexpertssaytheitemsmayshinefurtherlightontheancientShustate,akingdomthatruledinthewesternSichuanbasinuntilitwasconqueredin316BC．Inadditiontothegoldmask,archaeologistsuncoveredgoldsandartifacts（手工藝品）madefromivoryandbone.Thesixpits,ofwhichthelargesthasafootprintof19squaremeters,alsoyieldedanas-yet-unopenedwoodenbox.Morethan50,000ancientartifactshavebeenfoundatSanxingduisincethe1920s,whenalocalfarmeraccidentallycameuponanumberofrelicsatthesite.Amajorbreakthroughoccurredin1986,withthediscoveryoftwopitscontainingover1,000items.Athirdpitwasthenfoundinlate2019,whichledtothediscoveryofafurtherfivelastyear.Expertsbelievethepitswereusedforsacrificialpurposes,explainingwhymanyoftheitemscontainedwereburnedastheyweredroppedinandburied.SanxingduiisbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShustate,whichhistoriansknowrelativelylittleaboutduetoashortageofwrittenrecords.Thesitehasrevolutionizedexperts'understandingofhowcivilizationdevelopedinancientChina.Inparticular,evidenceofauniqueShuculturesuggeststhatthekingdomdevelopedindependentlyofneighboringsocietiesintheYellowRiverValley,whichwastraditionallyconsideredtobethecradle（搖籃）ofChinesecivilization.12．Whyaretheremainsofagoldmaskmentionedinparagraph1?A．Toleadinthetopicofthetext.B．Tostresstheimportanceofgold.C．Toshowthesymbolicmeaningofgold.D．TopraisetheskillsofancientShustate.13．Howmanypitshavebeenunearthedsince1986?A．3. B．8.C．9. D．14.14．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"revolutionized"inparagraph6?A．promoted B．strengthenedC．weakened D．updated15．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ACompleteGoldMaskUnearthedinSichuanB．TheHistoryofChina'sAncientShuStateC．AnotherGreatDiscoveryinSanxingduiD．MysteryofSanxingduiSolvedin2021【答案】12．A13．D14．D15．C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了三星堆出圖的文物以及歷史意義。12．推理判斷題。第一段“Weighingabout280gramsandestimatedtobemadefrom84%gold,themaskwasoneofover500itemsunearthedfromsixnewlydiscoveredsacrificialpits（坑）,accordingtothecountry'sNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration.（據(jù)中國(guó)國(guó)家文化遺產(chǎn)管理局稱，這個(gè)面具重約280克，估計(jì)由84%的黃金制成，是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的六個(gè)祭祀坑中出土的500多件物品之一。）”以及后文開(kāi)始描述三星堆遺址可知，第一段提到黃金面具是第六個(gè)祭祀坑出土的文物，是為了引出三星堆這個(gè)話題。故選A項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Athirdpitwasthenfoundinlate2019,whichledtothediscoveryofafurtherfivelastyear.（2019年底又發(fā)現(xiàn)了第三個(gè)坑，去年又發(fā)現(xiàn)了五個(gè)。）”可計(jì)算出，自1986年起共發(fā)現(xiàn)了8個(gè)坑。故選D項(xiàng)。14．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“SanxingduiisbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShustate,whichhistoriansknowrelativelylittleaboutduetoashortageofwrittenrecords.（三星堆位于蜀國(guó)的中心地帶，由于缺乏書(shū)面記錄，歷史學(xué)家對(duì)此知之甚少。）”中的relativelylittle，以及劃線詞后面“Inparticular,evidenceofauniqueShuculturesuggeststhatthekingdomdevelopedindependentlyofneighboringsocietiesintheYellowRiverValley（特別是，獨(dú)特的蜀文化的證據(jù)表明，王國(guó)獨(dú)立發(fā)展的鄰近社會(huì)在黃河流域）”可知，由于三星堆的出土，人們更新了專家的理解。故可用updated替換revolutionized。故選D項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章主要介紹了三星堆新出土的文物，以及背后的含義。C項(xiàng)“三星堆另一重大發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合題意，適合做標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。二、七選五SixSolarTermsinSummerLixiaLixiaisthefirstsolarterminsummer,signifyingthebeginningofthehotsummer.16．PeopleusuallyconsiderLixiaasanimportantsolarterm.Whenitcomes,thetemperaturerisesobviously,andsummerheatarrives,thereisaremarkableincreaseinthunderstorms,andcropsentertheirpeakseasonforgrowth.XiaomanandMangzhongDuringXiaoman,summerharvestcropssuchaswheatalreadybearfruits,andtheirseedsarefullthoughtheyarenotripeyet.Thus,thesolartermisnamedXiaoman.ThesolartermXiaomanisinlateMay.Summerbeginstoreachallpartsofthecountry.Rainfallbeginstoincreasefurther.Mangzhongmeans,"wheatwithawn（芒）shouldbeharvestedsoon,andriceseedswithawncanbesown".17．XiazhiOnthedayofXiazhi,thedaytimeintheNorthernHemisphere（半球）reachesitsmaxi-mumlength.18．AtXiazhi,thoughthereisdirectsunlight,itisnotthehottesttimeinayear.XiaoshuandDashu19．Xiaoshuisminorheat,whichmeansit'snotveryhot.Theweatherisgettingincreasinglyhot,butnotthehottestmomentyet.Thecropsintheentirecountrybegintogrowrapidly,andthissituationrequiresmoreintensivefieldmanagement.Dashuisextremeheat.ComparedtoXiaoshu,it'smuchhotter.20．Anditalsomarkstheperiodwiththefastestgrowthforcropswhichenjoyheat.A．Thecharactershumeansheat.B．Itpredictsthebusyfarmingactivitiesoffarmers.C．Thetemperaturesriseandsummerdroughtbegins.D．Themorenorthernaplaceis,thelongeritsdaytimeis.E.Peopleneedtoprepareforheatpreventionandcooling.F.Itmeanstheendofspring,andthebeginningofsummer.G.Itmarksthehottestperiodwiththehighesttemperaturesinayear.【答案】16．F17．B18．D19．A20．G【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)夏季的六大節(jié)氣。16．前文“Lixiaisthefirstsolarterminsummer,signifyingthebeginningofthehotsummer.（立夏是夏季的第一個(gè)節(jié)氣，標(biāo)志著炎熱夏季的開(kāi)始。）”提到立夏是夏季的開(kāi)始。F項(xiàng)“它的意思是春天的結(jié)束，夏天的開(kāi)始?！背薪由衔?，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。17．前文“Mangzhongmeans,"wheatwithawn（芒）shouldbeharvestedsoon,andriceseedswithawncanbesown".（芒種的意思是，“長(zhǎng)芒的小麥應(yīng)該很快收割，長(zhǎng)芒的水稻種子可以播種”）”提到了harvest。而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)“它預(yù)測(cè)了農(nóng)民忙碌的農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)。”中的busyfarmingactivities與harvest語(yǔ)義一致。且B項(xiàng)中it，指代的就是芒種。故選B項(xiàng)。18．前文“OnthedayofXiazhi,thedaytimeintheNorthernHemisphere（半球）reachesitsmaxi-mumlength.（在夏至的這一天，北半球的白天達(dá)到了最長(zhǎng)。）”的maxi-mumlength與D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)地方越靠北，白天就越長(zhǎng)?！敝械膖helongeritsdaytimeis敘述一致，邏輯合理。故選D項(xiàng)。19．小標(biāo)題XiaoshuandDashu提到了shu，而A項(xiàng)““暑”字的意思是熱。”是對(duì)Shu的進(jìn)一步解釋，同時(shí)引起下文“Xiaoshuisminorheat,whichmeansit'snotveryhot.（小暑節(jié)氣不是很熱。）”。A項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。20．前文“Dashuisextremeheat.ComparedtoXiaoshu,it'smuchhotter.（大暑非常熱。與小暑相比，溫度要高得多。）”提到了大暑非常熱。G項(xiàng)“它標(biāo)志著一年中最熱的時(shí)期和最高溫度?！眲t是對(duì)大暑溫度的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。故選G項(xiàng)。三、完形填空ChrisRosatigaveawaydonuts(甜甜圈)andhonoredkidsfortheirrandomactsofkindness.Hestillwantedtomaketheworlda21place.Hislatestfindingisaboutthebutterflyeffect.Thebutterflyeffectisthatasinglebutterflyflapping(拍動(dòng))its22ononesideoftheglobecan,in23,startahurricaneontheother.It'sa24concept,butRosatiwonderedifitcouldbe25tokindnessaswell.Afewmonthsagohedecidedto26thetheoryatadinerinhishometown.Hesawtwogirlsatthetablenexttohisandgavethemeach$50withonesimple27—dosomethingkind.Rosatileftthedinerandforgotallaboutit28hegotanemail.It29picturesfromavillageinAfricawithpeopleholdingsignsthat30,"Thanksalotforspreading31—ChrisRosati.""Itwasthebutterflyeffect,"saidRosati.Thetwogirlssaidtheycouldn't32itwhenastrangergavethemeach$50dollars."Thatmakesyouwanttodosomething33withthatmoney."Thegirlssaidtheyalreadyknewaboutthisvillagewherethepeopletherehadbeenworkinghardto34Ebola(埃博拉病毒),sothegirlspaidfora35tohelpthemcelebratebeingEbola-free.Theysaiditfeltgreattohelp."It36usthatwewoulddefinitelyencourageotherpeopletodoit,"37they.Tothatend,Rosati38hislatestcampaignlastmonthto39lotsoflittlebutterflygrants(撥款)一$50each—toanykidwhowantstostart40theworld.21．A．cleaner B．better C．quieter D．neater22．A．wings B．legs C．eyes D．cheeks23．A．fact B．a(chǎn)dvance C．theory D．brief24．A．politics B．chemistry C．biochemistry D．physics25．A．a(chǎn)ddicted B．a(chǎn)pplied C．a(chǎn)ttained D．a(chǎn)ttached26．A．describe B．track C．test D．teach27．A．instruction B．construction C．design D．translation28．A．while B．though C．unless D．until29．A．obtained B．included C．a(chǎn)ppointed D．guaranteed30．A．whispered B．saw C．read D．exhibited31．A．kindness B．loneliness C．witness D．weakness32．A．beg B．behave C．beat D．believe33．A．good B．random C．fair D．cautious34．A．suffer B．waste C．matter D．fight35．A．deal B．feast C．fee D．match36．A．warned B．freed C．inspired D．a(chǎn)larmed37．A．exchanged B．complained C．replied D．a(chǎn)dded38．A．launched B．repeated C．cooperated D．connected39．A．takeout B．giveout C．comeout D．hangout40．A．travelling B．controlling C．changing D．cycling【答案】21．B22．A23．C24．D25．B26．C27．A28．D29．B30．C31．A32．D33．A34．D35．B36．C37．D38．A39．B40．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Rosati為了檢驗(yàn)蝴蝶效應(yīng)是否也可以應(yīng)用于善良，給了兩個(gè)女孩每人50美元，并給出了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的指示——做點(diǎn)好事，后來(lái)收到了一封郵件，兩個(gè)女孩真的做到了傳播善良。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他仍然想讓世界變得更美好。A.cleaner更干凈的；B.better更好的；C.quieter更安靜的；D.neater更整潔的。根據(jù)“ChrisRosatigaveawaydonuts(甜甜圈)andhonoredkidsfortheirrandomactsofkindness.”可知，他想要世界變得更美好。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蝴蝶效應(yīng)是指一只蝴蝶在地球的一邊拍動(dòng)翅膀，理論上可以在地球的另一邊引發(fā)颶風(fēng)（在一個(gè)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)中，初始條件下微小的變化能帶動(dòng)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的長(zhǎng)期的巨大的連鎖反應(yīng)）。A.wings翅膀；B.legs腿；C.eyes眼睛；D.cheeks臉頰。根據(jù)“Thebutterflyeffect”可知，此處是在解釋蝴蝶效應(yīng)，因此是蝴蝶拍動(dòng)翅膀。故選A。23．考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.infact事實(shí)上；B.inadvance提前；C.intheory理論上；D.inbrief簡(jiǎn)言之。根據(jù)“Afewmonthsagohedecidedto___6___thetheory”可知，蝴蝶效應(yīng)是一個(gè)理論，此處表示從理論上來(lái)說(shuō)。故選C。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)物理概念，但Rosati想知道它是否也可以應(yīng)用于善良。A.politics政治；B.chemistry化學(xué)；C.biochemistry生物化學(xué)；D.physics物理學(xué)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，蝴蝶效應(yīng)是一個(gè)物理概念。故選D。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.addicted使沉溺，使上癮；B.applied申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用；C.attained獲得；D.attached重視，附加。根據(jù)“Afewmonthsagohedecidedto___6___thetheoryatadinerinhishometown.”可知，Rosati想知道蝴蝶效應(yīng)是否也可以應(yīng)用于善良。故選B。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月前，他決定在家鄉(xiāng)的一家餐館檢驗(yàn)這個(gè)理論。A.describe描述；B.track追蹤；C.test測(cè)試；D.teach教。根據(jù)“Rosatiwonderedifitcouldbe___5___tokindnessaswell.”可知，為了檢驗(yàn)蝴蝶效應(yīng)是否也可以應(yīng)用于善良，他進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。故選C。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他看到鄰桌的兩個(gè)女孩，給了她們每人50美元，并給出了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的指示——做點(diǎn)好事。A.instruction指示；B.construction建筑，建造；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.translation翻譯，轉(zhuǎn)化。根據(jù)“dosomethingkind.”可知，做一些善良的事是給出的指示。故選A。28．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：Rosati離開(kāi)了餐廳，把這一切都忘了，直到收到一封電子郵件。A.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.though盡管；C.unless除非；D.until直到。根據(jù)“Rosatileftthedinerandforgotallaboutit”可知，Rosati忘記了這件事，直到收到電子郵件才想起來(lái)。故選D。29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：其中包括非洲一個(gè)村莊的照片，那里的人們舉著寫有“感謝傳播善意——ChrisRosati”的標(biāo)語(yǔ)。A.obtained獲得；B.included包括；C.appointed任命；D.guaranteed保證。根據(jù)“picturesfromavillageinAfrica”可知，此處指郵件的內(nèi)容包括一張照片。故選B。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.whispered低語(yǔ)，小聲說(shuō)；B.saw看見(jiàn)；C.read閱讀、寫明；D.exhibited展覽。根據(jù)“"Thanksalotforspreading___11___—ChrisRosati."”可知，此處指標(biāo)語(yǔ)上寫的內(nèi)容。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.kindness善良；B.loneliness孤獨(dú)；C.witness目擊者；D.weakness弱點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“dosomethingkind.”可知，此處指?jìng)鞑ド屏肌９蔬xA。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)女孩說(shuō)，當(dāng)一個(gè)陌生人給她們每人50美元時(shí)，她們不敢相信。A.beg乞求；B.behave行為，舉止；C.beat打?。籇.believe相信。根據(jù)“whenastrangergavethemeach$50dollars.”可知，陌生人給她們錢這件事是難以置信的。故選D。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這讓你想用這筆錢做點(diǎn)好事?！盇.good好的；B.random隨意的；C.fair公平的；D.cautious小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的。根據(jù)“dosomethingkind.”可知，是想用這筆錢做好事。故選A。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：女孩們說(shuō)，她們已經(jīng)知道了這個(gè)村莊，那里的人們一直在努力抗擊埃博拉病毒，所以女孩們花錢舉辦了一場(chǎng)盛宴，慶祝他們沒(méi)有感染埃博拉病毒。A.suffer遭受；B.waste浪費(fèi)；C.matter要緊，重要；D.fight斗爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)“tohelpthemcelebratebeingEbola-free.”可知，是努力抗擊埃博拉病毒。故選D。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.deal交易；B.feast盛宴；C.fee費(fèi)用；D.match比賽。根據(jù)“celebratebeingEbola-free.”可知，是舉辦盛宴（花錢買大餐）來(lái)慶祝沒(méi)有感染埃博拉病毒。故選B。36．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“這啟發(fā)了我們，我們肯定會(huì)鼓勵(lì)其他人這樣做?！盇.warned警告；B.freed使擺脫，解除；C.inspired激勵(lì)，鼓舞；D.alarmed使驚恐。根據(jù)“Theysaiditfeltgreattohelp.”可知，之前做的善事啟發(fā)了她們。故選C。37．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.exchanged交換；B.complained抱怨；C.replied回應(yīng)；D.added增加、補(bǔ)充。根據(jù)上文“Thetwogirlssaid”可知，此處表示她們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。故選D。38．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為此，Rosati上個(gè)月發(fā)起了他最新的運(yùn)動(dòng)——給出了很多小蝴蝶的補(bǔ)助金——每筆50美元——給任何想要改變世界的孩子。A.launched發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.cooperated合作；D.connected連接。根據(jù)“hislatestcampaign”可知，發(fā)起了最新的活動(dòng)。故選A。39．to...語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.takeout取出，拿出；B.giveout分發(fā)；C.comeout出版；D.hangout閑逛。根據(jù)“toanykidwhowantsto...”可知，是把這些撥款分發(fā)給想要改變世界的孩子。故選B。40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.travelling旅行；B.controlling控制；C.changing改變；D.cycling騎自行車。根據(jù)“Hestillwantedtomaketheworlda___1___place.”可知，此處首尾呼應(yīng)，指分發(fā)撥款給那些想要改變世界的孩子。故選C。四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mywife,Iandourtwokidswereinthepostofficeseveralweeksago.Iwasserved,when41．oldman,withserioushealthproblems,42．(be)tryingtopayhiselectricitybillnexttome.Hestruggled43．(walk)withawalkingstick,44．(shake)hishandsandarms.45．(sudden),theoldmanfoundthathewastwentycentsshortofhistotal$118.70.Twentycents!Theladybehindthecountertoldthemanifhisbillwasn'tgoingto46．(pay)infull,hewouldbefinedonhisnextbillbytheelectricitycompany.Theoldmanwaslookingforafurthertwentycents,but47．vain,lookingveryupset.Atthatmoment,Idecidedtohelphim.Ihandedtheladymycardandpaidthebillfortheoldman.Seeingthis,theoldmanaskedme48．Iwasdoingthis,ashebegancrying.Itoldhimbecauseitwastherightthingtodo.Hethankedmeagainandagainandsmiledatmytwokids.Hewalkedoutofthepostofficeandstraighttogroceryandboughtabasketfulloffood.Thentheoldmanreturnedandhandedmykidssome49．(sweet).Hetoldmethathewouldn'thavebeenabletobuythefood,ifIhadn'tgivenhimahandinthepostoffice.IfeltgladthatIhaddoneagoodjob,whichwas50．(benefit)tooursociety.【答案】41．a(chǎn)n42．was43．towalk44．shaking45．Suddenly46．bepaid47．in48．why49．sweets50．beneficial【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己幫助了一位有嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題又沒(méi)帶夠錢的老人支付了電費(fèi)賬單的故事。41．考查冠詞。句意：我交電費(fèi)時(shí)，一位有嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題的老人試圖在我旁邊支付他的電費(fèi)。根據(jù)名詞man和形容詞old以元音音素開(kāi)頭，可知此處要用不定冠詞an，表示泛指。故填an。42．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意同上。根據(jù)句意可知此處描述過(guò)去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是anoldman，故填was。43．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：他拄著拐杖艱難地走著，雙手和手臂不停地?fù)u晃。固定短語(yǔ)struggletodo“掙扎做…，盡力做…”。故填towalk。44．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他拄著拐杖艱難地走著，雙手和手臂不停地?fù)u晃。根據(jù)上文已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞struggled，且無(wú)連詞連接，可知此處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由shake與其邏輯主語(yǔ)He之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知此處要用現(xiàn)在分詞，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故填shaking。45．考查副詞。句意：突然，老人發(fā)現(xiàn)他還差20美分，總共是118.7美元。此處位于句首，且后面是整個(gè)句子，可知要用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填Suddenly。46．考查動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)。句意：柜臺(tái)后面的女士告訴他，如果他的賬單沒(méi)有全額支付，在下次賬單上他將被電力公司罰款。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)hisbill與pay之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且有wasn'tgoingto，可知此處要用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式bepaid。故填bepaid。47．考查介詞。句意：老人還想再找到20美分，但找不到，看上去很沮喪。固定短語(yǔ)invain“徒然，無(wú)效”。故填in。48．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：看到這一幕，老人問(wèn)我為什么要這樣做，這時(shí)他開(kāi)始哭了起來(lái)。根據(jù)askedme可知此處是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句Iwasdoingthis成分完整，缺少原因狀語(yǔ)，故填why。49．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：然后老人回來(lái)，遞給我的孩子們一些糖果。根據(jù)some可知此處要用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，sweet“糖果”，是可數(shù)名詞。故填sweets。50．考查形容詞。句意：我很高興我做了一件好事，這對(duì)我們的社會(huì)是有益的。固定短語(yǔ)bebeneficialto“有利于，有益于”，此處要用形容詞作was的表語(yǔ)。故填beneficial。五、短文改錯(cuò)51．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（?），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。IhadanunforgettableexperienceinBeidaihelastsummer.Iwentthereformyholidaybymyfamily.Welivedinabighotelwhichwecouldseethesea.Wehadstayedatthereforthreedays.Thefirstday,wewentforwalkalongtheseaside,andthenwetookalotofinterestedphotos.Thesecondday,wewenttoafamousmarketandboughtmuchpresents.Wehaveagoodpicnicontheseasidewiththenativesonthelastdayoftheholiday.Theyperformedallkindofprogramsthatmadeusfelthappy.Weallenjoyedthemselvesinthosedays.IfIhaveanotherholiday,Iwillgothereagain.【答案】