第二學(xué)期課——管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境CiscoNetworkingAcademyofAnhuiUniversity2008思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第1頁!本章目標(biāo)在學(xué)習(xí)完本章后，你將能夠完成下列任務(wù)：了解CDP訪問遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備管理CiscoIOS軟件映像思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第2頁!CDP是CISCO的私有協(xié)議，它可以發(fā)現(xiàn)所有直連CISCO設(shè)備信息,包括路由器或者交換機(jī)的匯總信息。CDP可以發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居設(shè)備而不管上層跑的什么協(xié)議。物理介質(zhì)必須支持(SNAP封裝)Upper-LayerEntryAddressesCiscoProprietaryData-LinkProtocolMediaSupportingSNAPTCP/IPNovellIPXCDPdiscoversandshowsinformationaboutdirectlyconnectedCiscodevicesATMOthersLANsFrame

RelayAppleTalkOthers3.1Cisco發(fā)現(xiàn)(Discovery)協(xié)議思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第3頁!要運(yùn)行在CiscoIOS

10.3或者以后的版本匯總信息包括:設(shè)備標(biāo)識地址表端口標(biāo)識性能表平臺CDPshowcdpCDPCDP3.1.1使用CDP發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第4頁!showcdp通過showcdp命令可以看到CDP的狀態(tài)輸出Router#showcdpGlobalCDPinformation:SendingCDPpacketsevery60secondsSendingaholdtimevalueof180seconds思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第5頁!SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1RouterA#shcdpentry*-------------------------DeviceID:RouterBEntryaddress(es):IPaddress:Platform:cisco2522,Capabilities:RouterInterface:Serial0,PortID(outgoingport):Serial1Holdtime:168secVersion:CiscoInternetworkOperatingSystemSoftwareIOS(tm)2500Software(C2500-JS-L),Version12.0(3),RELEASESOFTWARE(fci)Copyright(c)1986-1999byciscoSystems,Inc.CompiledMon08-Feb-9918:18byphanguye使用showcdpentry命令思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第6頁!遠(yuǎn)程連接SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1RouterA#telnetTrying...Open-------------------------------------------------Catalyst1900ManagementConsoleCopyright(c)CiscoSystems,Inc.1993-1998Allrightsreserved.EnterpriseEditionSoftwareEthernetAddress:00-90-86-73-33-40PCANumber:73-2239-06PCASerialNumber:FAA02359H8KModelNumber:WS-C1924-ENSystemSerialNumber:FAA0237X0FQ..SwitchB>3.2.1使用Telnet連接到遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第7頁!SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1RouterB#<Ctrl-Shift-6>xRouterA#shsessionConnHostAddressByteIdleConnName101RouterA#resume1RouterB#3.2.3掛起Telnet會話思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第8頁!RouterA#disconnectClosingconnectionto[confirm]RouterA#clearline11[confirm][OK]關(guān)閉一個被遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備打開的會話關(guān)閉一個遠(yuǎn)程連接SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S13.2.5關(guān)閉Telnet會話思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第9頁!Router##ping0

Typeescapesequencetoabort.Sending5,100-byteICMPEchosto0,timeoutis2seconds:!!!!!Successrateis100percent(5/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=4/4/4ms簡單ping思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第10頁!Router#trace0

Typeescapesequencetoabort.Tracingtherouteto0104msec4msec4msecRouter#3.2.7trace思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第11頁!RAMConfigregisterROMFlashNVRAMInterfaces3.3.1路由器內(nèi)部組件思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第12頁!Flashshowversionshowstartup-configIOS搜索順序：1.檢查配置寄存器的值2.解析NVRAM里的配置文件3.找尋默認(rèn)的Flash里的文件4.試圖進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)查詢5.RXBOOT（miniIOS文件）6.ROMMON（rommon狀態(tài)）ConsoleConfigregisterNVRAM3.3.3發(fā)現(xiàn)IOS思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第13頁!FlashIOSIOSshowflashFlash文件被解壓縮到RAM中ConsoleRAM從Flash中加載IOS思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第14頁!wg_ro_c#showstartup-configUsing1359outof32762bytes!version12.0! --More--wg_ro_c#showrunning-configBuildingconfiguration...

Currentconfiguration:

!

version12.0! --More--InNVRAMInRAM顯示當(dāng)前的和存儲過的配置3.4.1顯示運(yùn)行、啟動配置思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第15頁!網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器FLASH路由器c2500-js-l_120-3.bin網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器3.4.2管理IOS映像思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第16頁!3.4.4核實內(nèi)存并解釋映像文件名wg_ro_a#showflashSystemflashdirectory:FileLengthName/status110084696c2500-js-l_120-3.bin[10084760bytesused,6692456available,16777216total]16384KbytesofprocessorboardSystemflash(ReadONLY)檢驗Flash存儲了足夠的空間裝載IOS文件思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第17頁!3.4.5從網(wǎng)絡(luò)更新映像wg_ro_a#copytftpflashAddressornameofremotehost[]?Sourcefilename[]?c2500-js-l_120-3.binDestinationfilename[c2500-js-l_120-3.bin]?Accessingt/c2500-js-l_120-3.bin...Eraseflash:beforecopying?[confirm]Erasingtheflashfilesystemwillremoveallfiles!Continue?[confirm]Erasingdevice...eeeee(outputomitted)...erasedEraseofflash:completeLoadingc2500-js-l_120-3.binfrom(viaEthernet0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(outputomitted)[OK-10084696/20168704bytes]Verifyingchecksum...OK(0x9AA0)10084696bytescopiedin309.108secs(32636bytes/sec)wg_ro_a#在裝載新的Flash文件之前要刪除以前的舊文件特別注意已經(jīng)存在的Flash文件NetworkserverFLASH思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第18頁!SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1RouterA#shcdp?entryInformationforspecificneighborentryinterfaceCDPinterfacestatusandconfigurationneighborsCDPneighborentriestrafficCDPstatistics<cr>RouterA(config)#nocdprunRouterA(config)#interfaceserial0RouterA(config-if)#nocdpenable3.1.2使用CDP思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第19頁!SwitchAalsoprovidesitsMacaddressRouterA#shcdpneighborsCapabilityCodes:R-Router,T-TransBridge,B-SourceRouteBridgeS-Switch,H-Host,I-IGMP,r-RepeaterDeviceIDLocalIntrfceHoldtmeCapabilityPlatformPortIDRouterBSer0148R2522Ser1SwitchA0050BD855780Eth0167TS19002SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1使用showcdpneighbor命令思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第20頁!3.2遠(yuǎn)程訪問設(shè)備思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第21頁!3.2.2主機(jī)名稱到地址的映射RouterB(config)#iphost{hostname}{ipaddresses}RouterB(config)#ipname-server1

思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第22頁!SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchAS0S1RouterA#shsessionConnHostAddressByteIdleConnName101*200RouterA#shuserLineUserHost(s)IdleLocation*0con03211vty0idle13.2.4查看Telnet連接思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第23頁!檢驗與遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備的連通性3.2.6ping思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第24頁!擴(kuò)展ping擴(kuò)展PING是交互式的提供了規(guī)定測試數(shù)據(jù)包的數(shù)量和大小、超時時間和數(shù)據(jù)形式的功能，以作為不同提示的響應(yīng)。

使用方法： Router#ping<CR>，然后根據(jù)提示輸入所需的參數(shù)。

思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第25頁!3.3管理IOS思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第26頁!ROM包含基本功能里的代碼值BootstrapMiniIOSROM

monitorPOSTshowversionConsole3.3.2ROM的功能思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第27頁!wg_ro_a#showversionCiscoInternetworkOperatingSystemSoftwareIOS(tm)2500Software(C2500-JS-L),Version12.0(3),RELEASESOFTWARE(fc1)Copyright(c)1986-1999byciscoSystems,Inc.CompiledMon08-Feb-9918:18byphanguyeImagetext-base:0x03050C84,data-base:0x00001000ROM:SystemBootstrap,Version11.0(10c),SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH:3000BootstrapSoftware(IGS-BOOT-R),Version11.0(10c),RELEASESOFTWARE(fc1)wg_ro_auptimeis20minutesSystemrestartedbyreloadSystemimagefileis"flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin"--More--Configurationregisteris0x2102

在showversion注意寄存器的值判斷當(dāng)前配置注冊表的值思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第28頁!3.4管理配置文件思科網(wǎng)院CCNA講課第二學(xué)期共33頁，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第29頁!wg_ro_a#copyrunning-configtftp

Addressornameofremotehost[]?Destinationfilename[running-config]?wgroa.cfg.!!1684bytescopiedin13.300secs(129bytes/sec)

wg_ro_a#copytftprunning-configAddressornameofremotehost[]?Sourcefilename[]?wgroa.cfgDestinationfilename[running-config]?Accessingt/wgroa