初中英語(yǔ)常用固定搭配及介詞用法歸納總結(jié)agreewith①同意；贊同：Iquiteagreewithhimonthesports.我非常同意他在運(yùn)動(dòng)方面的觀點(diǎn)。②與…相符；與…一致：Hiswordsdonotagreewithhisactions.他言行不一致。③［常用于否定句］（食物等）適合：Toomuchmeatdoesn'tagreewithher.她不宜吃太多肉。holdon①抓著…不放；堅(jiān)持：Sheheldontometightly.她緊緊地抓住我。Iwillholdontomydreamandnevergiveitup.我要堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想，永不放棄。②［電話用語(yǔ)］別掛斷；等一下：Canyouholdon?I'llseeifthemanager'sintheoffice.先別掛電話行嗎？我去看看經(jīng)理在不在辦公室。makeup①［不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)〕組成；構(gòu)成：Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.在一些語(yǔ)言中，100個(gè)詞就構(gòu)成了一半的日常會(huì)話用語(yǔ)。②編寫(xiě)；編造：Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.在第一次會(huì)議上，你要編寫(xiě)出一個(gè)規(guī)章手冊(cè)。③為…化妝：Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.在演這出戲的最后一幕時(shí)，他們把他打扮成一個(gè)老頭。pickup①拿起；拾起：ThephonerangandIpickeditup.電話響了，我接了起來(lái)。Ipickeduptherubbishandthrewitintothetrashcan.我把垃圾拾起來(lái)，扔進(jìn)垃圾桶。②（車(chē)輛等）中途搭（人）；中途帶（貨）:I,vegottopickupmydaughterfromschoolatfouro,clock.我四點(diǎn)鐘得去學(xué)校接女兒。③營(yíng)救；救起：Twentymenfellintothewaterandwerepickedupbyotherboats.二十人落水后，被其他船只救起。④（偶然地、無(wú)意地）得到；學(xué)會(huì)（語(yǔ)言）；買(mǎi)到：ShepickedupJapanesewhenshewasinJapan.Nowshecanspeakitfreely.她在日本時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了日語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在她日語(yǔ)講得很流利。Wemanagedtopickupafewbargainsinthemarket.我們從市場(chǎng)上買(mǎi)到了幾件便宜貨。⑤接收到：WewereabletopickuptheBBCWorldService.我們能收聽(tīng)到英國(guó)廣播公司的國(guó)際廣播節(jié)目。⑥重提（話題）；恢復(fù)（健康等）:Hepicksupthisthemeagaininlaterchaptersofthebook.在該書(shū)的后幾章，他又重回到這個(gè)主題上。takeup開(kāi)始（從事）；占用Rogerstookuppaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.羅杰斯學(xué)了一段時(shí)間的繪畫(huà)，但很快便失去了興趣。Meetingsandphonecallstakeupalargepartoftheday.開(kāi)會(huì)和接電話占用了一天中的大部分時(shí)間。turnout①制造；生產(chǎn)；培養(yǎng)出：Thefactoryturnsout900carsaweek.這家工廠一周生產(chǎn)九百輛汽車(chē)。②原來(lái)（是）；證明（是）；結(jié)果（是）：Unexpectedlytheweatherturnedoutprettynicethatday.出乎意料的是，那天天氣特別好。Itturnedoutthathisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.原來(lái)他的兄弟死于心臟病。workout①算出；總共達(dá)：I’mjusttryingtoworkouthowmuchIspendeachmonth.我正在盡力算出我每月的開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。②解決；把..?弄清楚：Toworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.為了解出這道數(shù)學(xué)難題，我已經(jīng)請(qǐng)教拉塞爾教授好幾次了。③制定（出）:Trainedexerciseteacherscanhelpyouworkoutatrainingplanandkeepyouactive.訓(xùn)練有素的體育老師能幫你制定一套訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，使你保持活力。④產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；被證明有效：EverythingworkedoutOKintheend.事情的結(jié)果還不錯(cuò)。IwanttofollowDavid,sexamplebutitneverworkedoutforme.我想效仿大衛(wèi)的做法，但這對(duì)我沒(méi)有效果。⑤鍛煉；訓(xùn)練：Igotothesportsclubandworkoutonceaweek.我一周去一次體育館鍛煉。getthrough到達(dá)；通過(guò)；打通：Shegotthroughtheexamination,她通過(guò)了考試。Focusingonthatgoalhelpsmegetthroughtoughtimes.專(zhuān)注于那一目標(biāo)幫我熬過(guò)了艱難時(shí)期。Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn,tgetthrough,我試過(guò)打她辦公室電話，但沒(méi)打通。makeout①勉強(qiáng)看見(jiàn)；聽(tīng)見(jiàn)：Icouldbarelymakeoutthestageinthedarkness.黑暗中我?guī)缀蹩床灰?jiàn)舞臺(tái)。IcouldhearvoicesbutIcouldn,tmakeoutwhatmanagetheyweresaying.我能聽(tīng)到說(shuō)話的聲音，但聽(tīng)不清他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么。②理解;弄清：Hiswritingissoconfusingthatitsdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.他的筆跡模糊不清，很難弄清他到底想表達(dá)什么。③寫(xiě)出；開(kāi)列：Shewasmakingoutalistofpeopletoinvite.她正在寫(xiě)一份邀請(qǐng)名單。putup①舉起；抬起；提高：Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.如果有問(wèn)題請(qǐng)舉手。②公布；張貼（布告、相片等）：Posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth,校園中到處張貼著海報(bào)，號(hào)召我們加入到讓地球更環(huán)保的行動(dòng)中去。③建造（房屋等）；搭建:They,veputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.最近他們蓋起了很多高樓大廈。④留宿；住宿：IwashopingKennycouldputmeupforafewdays.我希望肯尼能讓我留宿幾天。setdown記下；放下：Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。turnover①翻身；（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)；翻過(guò)（書(shū)頁(yè)）:Hedidnotfallasleep,turningoverinbedfromtimetotime.他沒(méi)睡著，在床上時(shí)不時(shí)地翻身。Don,tturnoverthepageyet.先別把這頁(yè)翻過(guò)去。②移交：Heturnedovertheworktothesecretary.他把工作移交給了秘書(shū)。breakdown①（機(jī)器等）出故障；（身體等）垮掉；（情感等）失控：Onmywaytothestationmycarbrokedown.去車(chē)站的路上，我的車(chē)壞了。Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.她的身體在工作壓力下垮掉了。Hebrokedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhisnewspapers.想到?jīng)]賣(mài)掉所有的報(bào)紙，他禁不住哭了起來(lái)。②（談判等）失?。篢alksbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.雙方的談判破裂了。③把…分若干部分（以方便做或理解）:Eachlessonisbrokendownintoseveralunits.每一課都分成幾部分。lookdownupon輕視；看不起：Neverlookdownonpeoplelesssuperiorthanyou.不要輕視不如你的人。lookupto尊敬；仰視：Ilookuptohimbecausehe,sarealartist.我尊敬他，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)真正的藝術(shù)家。diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸降低Whenthe叩plausehaddieddown,shebeganherspeech,掌聲漸漸消失時(shí)，她開(kāi)始講話。Thewindhasdieddownabit.風(fēng)小了一點(diǎn)。getover越過(guò)；克服；恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)：Idon,tknowhowwearegoingtogetoverthesedifficulties.我不知道我們?cè)鯓硬拍芸朔@些困難。Wearecertainthathewillgetoverhisillness.我們相信他一定會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝疾病。goby走過(guò)；流逝；過(guò)去Everythingwillgeteasierastimegoesby.隨著時(shí)間的推移，一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的。goover從一處到（另一處）；溫習(xí)：Wewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflower,我們到賣(mài)花的人身邊，問(wèn)她我們能不能買(mǎi)朵花。Letusgooveryouransweragain.讓我們?cè)贆z查一下你的答案。I'vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow,sexam.我必須復(fù)習(xí)筆記準(zhǔn)備明天的考試。lookinto調(diào)查：Thepolicearelookingintothedisappearanceoftwochildren.警方正在調(diào)查兩個(gè)孩子失蹤的事件。putdown①放下：OnceIstartedreadingthemysterynovel,Ijustcouldn,tputitdown.一旦我開(kāi)始讀那本懸疑小說(shuō)，就再也放不下了。②寫(xiě)下；記下：Pleaseputdownyournameandaddresshere.請(qǐng)把您的姓名和地址寫(xiě)在這兒。runawayfrom逃走；躲避Thethiefheardthenoiseandranawayquickly.小偷聽(tīng)到聲音，匆忙逃走了。It,sirresponsibleofyoutorunawayfromdifficulties.見(jiàn)了困難就躲是不負(fù)責(zé)的。takein①吸入；收留：Treestakeincarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.樹(shù)木吸收二氧化碳釋放氧氣。Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.他無(wú)家可歸，于是我們收留了他。②理解：ItwasseveralminutesbeforeIcouldtakeinwhathewassaying.過(guò)了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說(shuō)的是什么。③欺騙：Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory,她用一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙住了。wearout①穿破；磨損：I’vealreadywornouttwopairsofshoesthisyear.今年我已經(jīng)穿破兩雙鞋了。②（使）疲乏；（使）耗盡；（使）厭倦：Thesebirdsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.這些鳥(niǎo)因過(guò)度鳴叫面臨著累壞自己的危險(xiǎn)。breakup①（使）破碎：Thewaterwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.水面上覆蓋著冰，這些冰有時(shí)會(huì)突然破碎。②（使）（關(guān)系等）破裂：I’msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhavebrokenup.聽(tīng)到蘇和保羅分手了我很驚訝。Theydecidedtobreakuptheirpartnership.他們決定結(jié)束合作關(guān)系。③分解；分拆：breakthecompanyupintoseveralsmallerones把公司分拆成幾家小公司④驅(qū)散；解散：Thepolicecamerunningandbrokeupthecrowd.警察跑過(guò)來(lái)把人群驅(qū)散了。bringabout引起；造成：Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.科學(xué)給我們的生活帶來(lái)了諸多變化。bringup①［常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)］撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；教養(yǎng)：Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.在他年幼時(shí)父親就去世了，他是由母親撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的。②提出(討論等)：EverytimeIbringthematterup,hechangesthesubject.每當(dāng)我提起這件事，他就會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移話題。buildupHehasbuilt(up)hisbusinessovertheyears.這些年來(lái)他逐步建立起了自己的生意。Outdooractivitiesarereallyhelpfulinbuildingupmybodyandenrichingmyschoollife.戶外活動(dòng)確實(shí)對(duì)我增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)和豐富學(xué)校生活有益。carryout實(shí)行；執(zhí)行：Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃我有些困難。Theyjustcarriedouttheorderastold.他們只是按命令行事。comeacross①偶然遇到；碰見(jiàn)：Whenreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience,weoftencomeacrossdifficultorunfamiliarwords.讀與科學(xué)相關(guān)的文章時(shí)，我們常常碰到難詞或生詞。②被理解：Hespokeforalongtime,buthismeaningdidnotcomeacross.他講了很久，但還是沒(méi)有把意思講明白。comeupwith想出；提出；提供：Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.我們班的同學(xué)提出了這一想法，以更好利用廢舊材料。Theywanttobuythehouse,buttheycouldn,tcomeupwiththecash.他們想買(mǎi)房，但是拿不出這筆現(xiàn)金。figureout弄清楚；弄明白；計(jì)算出：Icouldn,tfigureoutwhatIhaddonetoannoymyboss.我不明白自己做了什么讓老板生氣。Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?旅行要花多少費(fèi)用你算出來(lái)沒(méi)有？getdownto開(kāi)始做；開(kāi)始認(rèn)真對(duì)待：It,stimewegotdowntobusiness.我們?cè)撻_(kāi)始干正事了。giveaway①送掉；分發(fā)（獎(jiǎng)品等）：TheStudents,Unioncalledonustogiveawayourusedbookstothestudentsinthelowergrades.學(xué)生會(huì)號(hào)召我們把用過(guò)的書(shū)送給低年級(jí)的學(xué)生。②泄露（秘密）；出賣(mài)：Iwillnevergiveyoursecretsawayagain,我絕不會(huì)再泄露你的秘密。Hisaccentgiveshimawayasasoutherner.他的口音讓人聽(tīng)出他是南方人。③放棄（機(jī)會(huì)等）；輸?shù)簦篧ouldtheygiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame?他們會(huì)放棄贏得比賽的機(jī)會(huì)嗎？Wegaveawaytwogoalsinthefirsthalf.上半場(chǎng)我們輸了兩個(gè)球。giveup放棄；讓?zhuān)篠hedecidedtogiveupherjobandstartacoffeebar.她決定辭去工作，開(kāi)一家咖啡館。Hegaveuphisseattoapregnantwoman.他把座位讓給了一位孕婦。leadto致使；導(dǎo)致Alackofconfidencecanleadtoalotofsuffering,缺乏自信會(huì)導(dǎo)致很多痛苦。Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,whilebadonesbringtheopposite.好習(xí)慣總是會(huì)帶來(lái)高效率，而壞習(xí)慣則相反。leaveout①遺漏；不包括：Ifyoustudyinasystematicway,youwon'tleaveanythingout.如果你用系統(tǒng)的方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，你就不會(huì)遺漏任何東西。②被忽視；覺(jué)得被冷落：Newfathersoftenfeelleftoutwhenbabyarrives.有了孩子后，初為人父者往往有一種被冷落的感覺(jué)。liveupto不辜負(fù)；符合；履行：Hefailedtoliveuptohisparents'expectations.他辜負(fù)了父母的期望。lookup抬頭看；查閱：ShelookedupfromherbooksasIenteredtheroom.我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，她從書(shū)本上抬起頭來(lái)看了看。Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand,lookthemupinadictionary,如果有不懂的單詞就查字典。putaway①把...收起；放好：Kids-willyouputawayyourtoysnow?孩子們，現(xiàn)在把玩具收起來(lái)好嗎？②儲(chǔ)存...備用：We,reputtingsomemoneyawayforexpenses我們省下一筆錢(qián)來(lái)應(yīng)付開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。putforward把…提前；提出：Wehaveputforwardtheweddingbytwoweeks.我們把婚禮提前了兩周。Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?誰(shuí)提出了黑洞理論？putoff延期；推遲：Shecalledthisafternoontoputoffthemeetingtonextweek.她下午打電話說(shuō)把會(huì)議推遲到下周。putupwith忍受；容忍：Ican,tputupwiththeirsmokinganylonger.我再也無(wú)法忍受他們抽煙了。Icanputupwithmanythings,butnotwithpeoplewhosteal.我能容忍很多事情，但絕不容忍小偷小摸的人。runout(of)用完；耗盡：Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth'snaturalresourcesrunout.在未來(lái)，愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境將會(huì)很重要，因?yàn)榈厍虻馁Y源將瀕臨枯竭。setaside留出；把…置于一旁：Setasidesometimeeachdaytowrite,evenifitisonlyfiveminutes.每天留出一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間來(lái)寫(xiě)作，哪怕只有5分鐘。takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用；接受；承擔(dān)：Shortlyaftersufferingfromalargeearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.在遭受大地震成為廢墟后不久，這座城市呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。Nomoreworkersarebeingtakenonatpresent.眼下不再招收工人。Hissecretarywillhavetotakeonmostofhisworkwhilehesgone.他的秘書(shū)得在他不在的時(shí)候承擔(dān)他的大部分工作。turndown①關(guān)??；調(diào)低（音量等）：CouldyoupleaseturndownyourTVabit?你可以把電視音量關(guān)小一點(diǎn)兒?jiǎn)?？②拒絕：Howcouldyouturndownsuchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths?你已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒(méi)有工作了，怎么能拒絕這么好的一份工作呢？turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于:Theirtalkturnedtothechangethathadtakenplaceinthecity.他們的話題轉(zhuǎn)到了城市發(fā)生的變化。Pleaseturntothepoliceforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.遇到困難時(shí)請(qǐng)向警察求助。turnup①開(kāi)大；調(diào)高（音量等）：TurnuptheradiosothatIcanheartheprogram.把收音機(jī)音量開(kāi)大些，好讓我聽(tīng)到這個(gè)節(jié)目。②（人）到達(dá)；出現(xiàn)：Hepromisedthathewouldcome,buthehasn,tturnedupyet/也承諾會(huì)來(lái)，但還沒(méi)出現(xiàn)。bringon①使提高；使進(jìn)步：MorestudyshouldbringonyourEnglish.努力學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)提高你的英語(yǔ)水平。②引起；導(dǎo)致：Stresscanbringonillness.壓力會(huì)引起疾病。callfor①需要；要求：Sometimessituationscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon,tfeelthatway.有時(shí)形勢(shì)要求我們表現(xiàn)得強(qiáng)大、勇敢，即使我們自己并不覺(jué)得是那樣。②去（某處）接人/物：I,llcallforyouatyourhome.我會(huì)到你家接你。callup打電話給；使人想起:I,llcallyouupwhenIneedyourhelp.我需要你幫助的時(shí)候會(huì)給你打電話。Thispicturecalledupmemoriesofourclasstrip,這張照片使我想起我們班的那次旅行。comedownto歸結(jié)為；傳到…手里：Theirquarrelcomesdowntomoney.他們吵架說(shuō)到底是因?yàn)殄X(qián)。Thecustomhascomedowntousfromouroldgenerations.這個(gè)習(xí)俗是從祖輩傳下來(lái)的。comeoff①（從??.）離開(kāi)：Peoplecomingoffabusyspringandsummerhaveamomentofrelaxation,人們度過(guò)了繁忙的春夏，有了片刻的清閑。②脫落；掉下：Abuttonhadcomeoff.有顆扣子掉了。comeon快點(diǎn)；進(jìn)展；算了吧：Comeon,wewillbelateforthetheatre.快點(diǎn)吧，我們?nèi)蛟阂t到了。cometosb被某人想到:Theanswercametomeinaflash.我突然想到了答案。getin進(jìn)入；到達(dá)；插話：Acarstoppedbeforehimandhegotin.一輛小汽車(chē)停在他面前，他上了車(chē)。Whendoesthetraingetin?火車(chē)幾點(diǎn)進(jìn)站？Shetalkssomuchthatitsimpossibletogetawordin,她說(shuō)起話來(lái)滔滔不絕，讓人一句話都插不進(jìn)去。giveout①分發(fā)；發(fā)出（光、熱、信號(hào)等）；公布：Theteachergaveouttheexampapers.老師發(fā)了試卷。Thatlampdoesn,tgiveoutalotoflight.那盞燈亮度不夠。Theresultoftheexaminationwon,tbegivenout.這次考試成績(jī)將不會(huì)被公布。②耗盡；精疲力竭：Wemustgohome.Ourmoneyhasgivenout.錢(qián)用光了，我們必須回家。Hisstrengthgaveout.他筋疲力盡了。goabout從事；忙于；開(kāi)始做：Thevillagersweregoingabouttheirbusinessasusual.村民們?nèi)缤Ｒ粯用χ约旱氖?。IfIdecidedtojointheclub,howdoIgoaboutit?假如我決定加入這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部，要做些什么呢？goahead①前進(jìn)；先走②［用于祈使句］請(qǐng)吧；說(shuō)吧：③（經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)劃或允許后）開(kāi)始做：Thegovernmentisplanningtogoaheadwiththebuildingnextyear.政府計(jì)劃明年著手建造大樓。英語(yǔ)介詞用法歸納總結(jié)常用介詞基本用法辨析表示方位的介詞：in,to,onin表示在某地范圍之內(nèi)。Shanghaiis/liesintheeastofChina.上海在中國(guó)的東部。to表示在某地范圍之外。Japanis/liestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國(guó)的東面。on表示與某地相鄰或接壤。Mongoliais/liesonthenorthofChina.蒙古國(guó)位于中國(guó)北邊。表示計(jì)量的介詞：at,for,byat表示〃以……速度"〃以……價(jià)格”。Itfliesatabout900kilometersanhour,它以每小時(shí)900公里的速度飛行。Isoldmycaratahighprice.我以高價(jià)出售了我的汽車(chē)。for表示〃用……交換，以……為代價(jià)”。Hesoldhiscarfor500dollars.他以五百元把車(chē)賣(mài)了。注意：at表示單價(jià)(price)，for表示總錢(qián)數(shù)。by表示〃以……計(jì)〃，后跟度量單位。Theypaidhimbythemonth,他們按月給他計(jì)酬。Hereeggsaresoldbyweight.在這里雞蛋是按重量賣(mài)的。表示材料的介詞：of,from,inof成品仍可看出原料。Thisboxismadeofpaper.這個(gè)盒子是紙做的。from成品已看不出原料。Wineismadefromgrapes.葡萄酒是葡萄釀成的。in表示用某種材料或語(yǔ)言。Pleasefillintheforminpencilfirst.請(qǐng)先用鉛筆填寫(xiě)這個(gè)表格。TheytalkinEnglish.他們用英語(yǔ)交談。表示工具或手段的介詞：by,with,onby用某種方式，多用于交通。Iwenttherebybus.我坐公共汽車(chē)去那兒。with表示〃用某種工具”。Hebrokethewindowwithastone.他用石頭把玻璃砸壞了。注意：with表示用某種工具時(shí)，必須用冠詞或物主代詞。on表示〃以……方式〃，多用于固定詞組。Theytalkedonthetelephone.他們通過(guò)電話進(jìn)行交談。ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/onTV.她通過(guò)收音機(jī)/電視學(xué)英語(yǔ)。表示關(guān)于的介詞：of,about,onof僅是提到或談到過(guò)某人或某事。Hespokeofthefilmtheotherday.他前幾天提到了這部影片。about指〃關(guān)于“某人或某事物的較詳細(xì)的情況。Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?你能告訴我關(guān)于你自己的事情嗎?on指〃關(guān)于〃學(xué)術(shù)性的或嚴(yán)肅的事。It’satextbookonthehistoryofchina.它是一本有關(guān)中國(guó)歷史的教科書(shū)。I或理由的介詞：for,at,from,of,with,by,becauseoffor表示原因，與sorry,famous,punish,praise,thank,blame連用。IamsorryforwhatIsaidtoyou.我后悔不該對(duì)你講那些話。at指情感變化的原因，意為“因聽(tīng)到或看到而Hewassurprisedatthenews.聽(tīng)到這消息他大吃一驚。from指〃外在的原因〃，如受傷、車(chē)禍等。Hediedfromthewound.他因受傷而致死。of指〃內(nèi)在的原因〃，如病、餓等。Theoldmandiedofhunger.老人死于饑餓。with指生理上或情感上的由外界到內(nèi)心的原因。Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.他們聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，欣喜若狂。Hewasshakingwithanger.他氣得渾身發(fā)抖。by表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或無(wú)意中造成某種結(jié)果的原因。Herbodywasbentbyage.他因年老