初中英語八種時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)Ⅰ.初中英語八種時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)是英語學(xué)習(xí)中一個至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實際運用時，往往對時態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時態(tài)：時態(tài)用法/定義構(gòu)成常用時間狀語例句備注一般現(xiàn)在時①現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作；②目前的狀態(tài)；③客觀真理。有be動詞：肯：主語+be(am/is/are)+其他成分；否：主語+benot+其他成分；一疑：Be+主語+其他成分？回答：Yes,主語+am/is/are.No,主語+amnot/isn’t/aren’t.沒有be動詞：主語為第三人稱單數(shù)：肯：主語+第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他成分.否：主語+doesn’t+動詞原形+其他成分.一疑：Does+主語+動詞原形+其他成分？Yes,主語+does.No,主語+doesn’t.主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)：肯：主語+動詞原形+其他成分.否:主語+don’t+動詞原形+其他成分.一疑：Do+主語+動詞原形+其他成分？Yes,主語+do.No,主語+don’t.Always;often;Usually;sometimes;Seldom;never;Every+day/week/year;OnSundays;TwiceayearWehavefourlessonsinthemorning.Ifitdoesn’train,we’llgotothepark.在if/when/assoonas/until/before引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，使用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來一般過去時過去發(fā)生的動作；過去存在的狀態(tài)。有be動詞的情況：肯：主語+was/were+其他成分.否：主語+wasn’t/weren’t+其他成分.疑：Were/Was+主語+其他成分？Yes,主語+was/were.No,主語+wasn’t/weren’t.特疑：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+其他成分？沒有be的情況：肯：主語+動詞的過去式+其他成分.否：主語+didn’t+動詞原形+其他成分.疑：Did+主語+動詞原形+其他成分？Yes,主語+did.No,主語+didn’t.特疑：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他成分？Ago（twohoursago）、yesterday、thedaybeforeyesterday、last（week,year,night,month…),具體時間,justnow（剛才）,onceuponatime(很久以前)Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.HanmeiwasintheclassroomaMomentago.Whendidyoumeethim?Usedtodosth過去常常做某事一般將來時表示將來發(fā)生的動作和狀態(tài)。①肯：主語+助動詞(will/shall)+動詞原形+其他成分否：主語+willnot/shallnot+動詞原形+其他成分一疑：Will/Shall+主語+動詞原形+其他成分？Yes,***shall/will.No,***shallnot/willnot.肯：主語+am/is/are+goingtodo+其他成分.否：主語+am/is/arenotgoingtodo+其他成分疑：Am/Is/Are+主語+goingtodo+其他成分？Yes,**am/is/are.No,**amnot./isn’t/aren’ttomorrow,nextday(week,month,year)soon,inafewminutes,in+一段時間，thedayaftertomorrow,etc.Theywill(aregoingto)meetoutsidetheschoolgatetomorrowafternoon.Ifhecomesback,I’lltellhimaboutit.Iwillbe16yearsoldnextweek.注意：begoingto+動詞原形表將來與will+動詞原形的區(qū)別過去將來時從過去某一時間看將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)Would+動詞原形was(were)goingto+動詞原形ThenextdayThenextyearHesaidhewouldcometoChinathenextmonth.Sheheardthegardenerwouldcutthattreedown.Nobodyknewthatwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.主要用于主句為過去時的賓語從句現(xiàn)在進行時說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作；也可以表示現(xiàn)在這一段時間內(nèi)一直或反復(fù)進行的動作?？希褐髡Z+am/is/are+doing+其它成分.否：主語+am/is/arenot+doing+其他成分.一疑：Am/Is/Are+主語+doing+其他成分？Yes,主語+am/is/are.No,主語+amnot./isn’t/aren’t.now,atthistime,thesedays,Look!Listen!It’sfouro’clock.Heiswritingaletternow.SheisvisitingBeijingatPresent.I’mleavingheretomorrow.移動性動詞：come/Go;start;Arrive;Leave;Stay的現(xiàn)在進行時表將來；Eg:WhenAreyoucomingback?過去進行時表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作肯：主語+was/were+doing+其他成分.否：主語+wasn’t/weren’t+doing+其他成分.一疑：Was/Were+主語+doing+其他成分？Yes,主語+was/were.No,主語+wasn’t/weren’t.Atsixyesterday;Atthatmomentatthis/thattimeyesterday,atthattime以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語JohnwassingingwhenISawhim.Theywereworkingatthattime.WereyouhavingPEclassatthistimeyesterday?When，While引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句從句中過去進行時的運用現(xiàn)在完成時過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)?？希褐髡Z+have/has+過去分詞+其他成分.否：主語+have/hasnot+過去分詞+其他成分.一疑：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他成分？Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+have/has.recently,lately,already,yet,never,just,ever,before,since+過去的時間點；for+時間段；in/during+thepast/lastfewyearsMymotherhasjustgoneout.I’vejustfinishedmyhomework.MybrotherhasstudiedinBeijingUniversityforaboutthreeyears.Ihavebeenverybusyrecently.過去完成時表示過去某一時刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，強調(diào)“過去的過去”肯：主語+had+過去分詞+其他成分否：主語+hadn’t+過去分詞+其他成分.一疑：Had+主語+過去分詞+其他成分？Yes,主語+had.No,主語+hadn’t.before,by

theendoflastyear(term,month…)主句為過去時的賓語從句中Bynineo’clocklastnight,Wehadgot200picturesromtospaceship.HesaidhehadatthebusStopforminuteswhenabusfinallycame.Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.一、一般現(xiàn)在時：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時間狀語：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。二、一般過去時：概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。時間狀語：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②用助動詞do的過去式did提問，同時還原行為動詞。三、現(xiàn)在進行時：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。時間狀語：now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。四、過去進行時：概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。時間狀語：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。五、現(xiàn)在完成時：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語：recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+doneb否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問句：have或has。六、過去完成時：概念：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。時間狀語：before,by

theendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done.否定形式：had+not+done.一般疑問句：had放于句首。七、一般將來時：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/goingto+do；②will/shall+do.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。八、過去將來時：概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。時間狀語：thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①was/were/goingto+do；②would/should+do.否定形式：①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should提到句首。

Ⅱ.幾種常見時態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換英語中的幾種時態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：一、一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時中，延續(xù)性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，瞬間動詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動詞用于“一段時間+ago”的一般過去時的句型中；②瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞及短語，與一段時間連用；③瞬間動詞用于“Itis+一段時間+since+一般過去時”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時間”的意思，主句一般用itis來代替Ithasbeen;④瞬間動詞用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般過去時”的句型中。請看：A.HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.B.

HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.C.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.D.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.二、一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如atwork（在工作）,atschool（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進行時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看：Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.三、現(xiàn)在進行時與一般將來時的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)中g(shù)o,come,leave,start,arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如：Iamcoming,Mum!意為“我就來，媽媽！”請看：Thetrainisleavingsoon.Thetrainwillleavesoon.四、“begoingto+動詞原形”與“will(shall)+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“begoingto+動詞原形”、表示打算、計劃要做的事；將來時“will(shall)+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時，常用助動詞shall。在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will。請看：WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday.初中英語時態(tài)和語態(tài)專項練習(xí)題用括號中動詞的適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?．Theboyishappybecausehe___________(sell)outallthenewspapers.2．Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we____________(go)fishing.3．Where____________you____________(be)thesedays?4．WhereisTom?He_________(go)tothepostoffice.Hesaidhe_________(come)backsoon.5．Mikesayshe_________(want)tobeaworkerafterhe_________(finish)school.6．Thelastbus____________just________(leave)whenthey________(get)tothebusstop.7．She_________(notgo)tobeduntilshe_______(finish)herwork.8．Light___________(travel)muchfasterthansound.9．I__________(feel)muchbetterafterI_______(take)themedicine.10．”Where________we________(meet)?”“Let’smeetoutsidetheparkgate.”11．I_________(lost)mybike._________you_________(see)itanywhere?12．We__________(see)severalmembersofthefamilysincewe________(arrive)13．Ifoundthatthestudents_________(play)footballontheplayground.14．Hesaidhe__________(stay)hereforanothertwodays.15．I________never________(eat)suchdeliciousnoodlesbefore.16．Whenwereachedthetown,it_______(get)dark.17．We________(have)lunchwhensuddenlysomeoneknockedatthedoor.18．Lucysaidshe________(visit)theschoolthenextmonth.19．I________(wait)untilhecomesback.20．You________(watch)TVaftersupper,aren’tyou?21．They_________(be)tothatsmallvillageseveraltimes.22．I_________(be)fifteensoon.23．Tom,youraunt_______(come)thisafternoon.24．Myteacheroften_________(tell)usnottoplayonthestreet.25．They________(plant)treesonthehill.Doyousee?26．Theteachersaidthattheearth________(move)roundthesun.27．Shesaidshe_______(put)onanewcoatthenextday.28．CouldyoutellmewhereAlice________(live)?29．________thestreetlightsusually_______(turn)onatseveninsummerevening?30．I_______(notgo)tothecinemabecauseI________(see)thefilmbefore.31．It________(get)dark.Whatabout________(go)homeatonce?32．You________(be)lateifyou__________(nothurry).33．Useyourheadandyou_________(find)abetterway.34．Look！Someone________(lie)onthefloor.35．It__________(rain)hardernow.It________(rain)quiteofteninsummer.36．Here_______(come)thebus.37．Idon’tknowwhenthemanager________(return),butwhenbe_________(come)backI_________(let)youknow.38．“Where________(be)youthistimeyesterday?”“I________(be)athome.I_______(go)overmylessonsthen.”初中英語動詞時態(tài)專項訓(xùn)練一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1Heswimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)2.Ityouareright.(seem)3.Look,thechildrenbasketballontheplayground.(play)4.HetotheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)5.Itisverycold.Ithinkit.(rain)6.—Ineedsomepaper.—Isomeforyou.(bring)7.Ican’tfindmypen.Whoit?(take)8.Hesaidthathebackinfiveminutes.(come)9.Ididn’tmeethim.HewhenIgotthere.(leave)10.Imybike,soIhavetowalktoschool.(lose)11.Hedownandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)12.Heisnothere.Hetothepostoffice.(go)13.Heisveryhungry.Heanythingforthreedays.(noteat)14.IwithyouifIhavetime.(go)15.Wewillgotothecinemaifittomorrow.(rain)16.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshetoseemenextweek.(come)17.“Whenyouthecar?”“In1998.”(buy)18.Wegoodfriendssincewemetatschool.（be）19.Whatyouatfiveyesterdayafternoon?(do)20.Thebikeisnice.Howmuchit?(cost)二、選擇最佳答案填空（）1.We’llgoswimmingiftheweatherfinetomorrow.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.isgoingtobe（）2.ItfiveyearssincehehasleftforBeijing.A.wasB.havebeenC.isD.isgoingtobe（）3.Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriendback.A.cameB.comesC.havecomeD.willcome（）4.Bytheendoflastyearheabout1500Englishwords.A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearningD.hadlearned（）5.Listen!Someoneinthenextroom.A.criedB.cryingC.iscryingD.hascried（）6.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyouhim.A.seeB.seesC.willseeD.isseeing（）7.Hetoldmethathetoseeusthenextday.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.wouldcome（）8.Wecan’tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshehome.A.isgoingB.wentC.hascomeD.wouldcome（）9.Theteachertoldusthatthesunbiggerthantheearth.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe（）10.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation?A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe（）11.WetotheGreatWallseveraltimes.A.goB.weregoingC.havegoneD.havebeen（）12.Itseemedthattheoldmanforsomethingoverthere.A.looksB.lookedC.waslookingD.haslooked（）13.Hewassurethathehiswalletintheoffice.A.leftB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hasleft（）14.Youmuststudyhardifyouwanttofailtheexam.A.won’tB.don’tC.haven’tD.hadn’t（）15.—I’mafraidyoucan’tsithere.—Sorry,Iknow.A.don’tB.won’tC.can’tD.didn’t（）16.Asshethenewspaper,Grannyasleep.A.read,wasfallingB.fellC.wasreading,wasfallingD.read,fell（）17.—myglasses?—Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.A.DoyouseeB.HadyouseenC.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen（）18.—Jimisnotcomingtonight.—Buthe!A.promises（許諾）B.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised（）19.—What’shername?—I.A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting（）20.Youyourturnsoyou’llhavetowait.A.willmissB.havemissedC.aremissingD.hadmissed三、動詞時態(tài)能力綜合測試（）1.HeoftenhisclothesonSundays.A.washingB.washesC.haswashedD.wash（）2.I’mChinese.Wherefrom?A.doyoucomeB.youarecomingC.youcomeD.areyoucoming（）3.Maytoschool.A.neverwalksB.isneverwalkingC.walkneverD.neveriswalking（）4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher.A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.iscoming（）5.Howlongagoplayingfootball?A.haveyoustoppedB.hadyoustoppedC.didyoustopD.doyoustop（）6.IthardwhenIleftmyhouse.A.israiningB.rainsC.wasrainingD.willrain（）7.Ithinkthisquestiontoanswer.A.easyB.iseasyC.waseasyD.willeasy（）8.Don’ttalksoloudly.YourfatherA.sleepsB.issleepingC.sleptD.hadslept（）9.Howmanypeopledoesthedoctorknowwhoofthedisease(疾病)？A.aredyingB.isdyingC.hasdiedD.dies（）10.Imyhomeworknow.A.finishB.finishedC.havefinishedD.hadfinished（）11.Ittenyearssincehisfatherdied.A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.willbe（）12.Heforthreeyears.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninthearmyC.joinedD.hasservedthearmy（）13.Hisgrandfatherforthirtyyears.A.diedB.wasdeadC.hasbeendeadD.hasdied（）14.Ifrommybrotherforalongtime.A.nothaveheardB.havenotheardC.haveheardnotD.donothear（）15.Maths,oneofthemostimportantsubjectsalwaysinterestedhim.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is（）16.—DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear?—A.No,hedidnevergothereB.No,hehasnevergonehereC.No,heneverwasthereD.No,he’sneverbeenthere（）17.Hethatfactorysince1958.A.hasleftB.hasworkedinC.hasgonefromD.hascometo（）18.SincetenyearsagogreatchangesinChina.A.happenedB.havebeenhappenedC.havehappenedD.aretakenplace（）19.OurteachertoBeijingthreetimes.A.wentB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.hasbeen（）20.It’sthethirdtimeyoulatethisweek.A.hadarrivedB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.arrive（）21.thefilmsinceIcamehere.A.I’veseenB.IwillseeC.IwouldseeD.Isee（）22.LastweekJohnhisleg.A.feltandbrokenB.fellandbrokeC.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken（）23.Jackhisthickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.A.putsonB.putonC.takesonD.tookon（）24.Hethepictureonthewall.A.hangedB.hungC.hashangedD.washanged（）25.Nextmonthtwentyfive.A.hasmysisterB.mysisterwillbeC.mysistershallhaveD.mysisterisgoingtobe（）26.Youheragaininafewweeks.A.willseeB.haveseenC.hadseenD.havebeenseen（）27.Myparentsmetobeadoctor.A.hopedB.wantedC.decidedD.withes（）28.Ithardwhenweleft.A.i