腦白質(zhì)疏松合并2型糖尿病患者抑郁的發(fā)生情況及其相關(guān)危險因素摘要：

目的：分析腦白質(zhì)疏松合并2型糖尿病患者抑郁的發(fā)生情況及其相關(guān)危險因素。

方法：選取2016年1月至2019年12月在朝陽醫(yī)院住院治療的腦白質(zhì)疏松合并2型糖尿病患者，并將這些患者的基本情況、病史、臨床觀察數(shù)據(jù)、實驗室檢查數(shù)據(jù)等進(jìn)行回顧性分析。根據(jù)結(jié)果設(shè)計相關(guān)統(tǒng)計分析，定量描述各項指標(biāo)的分布情況，并使用Pearson相關(guān)分析方法確定相關(guān)危險因素。

結(jié)果：共納入符合要求的188例患者，其中147例患者出現(xiàn)抑郁?；颊吣挲g、病史、疾病分級、飲食習(xí)慣、睡眠情況、抑郁癥狀的程度、血清三酰甘油、血清尿酸等指標(biāo)均與抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生有明顯相關(guān)。

結(jié)論：腦白質(zhì)疏松合并2型糖尿病患者抑郁的發(fā)生率較高，其相關(guān)危險因素包括年齡、病史、疾病分級、飲食習(xí)慣、睡眠情況、三酰甘油、血清尿酸等。因此，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對該類患者的護(hù)理和管理，提高其生活質(zhì)量及減輕疾病負(fù)擔(dān)，減少抑郁發(fā)生的風(fēng)險。

關(guān)鍵詞：腦白質(zhì)疏松，2型糖尿病，抑郁，危險因素

Abstract：

Objective:Toinvestigatetheoccurrenceofdepressionandrelatedriskfactorsinpatientswithcerebralwhitematterlesioncombinedwithtype2diabetes.

Methods:Weretrospectivelyanalyzedthebasicinformation,medicalhistory,clinicalobservationdata,andlaboratoryexaminationresultsofpatientswithcerebralwhitematterlesioncombinedwithtype2diabeteswhowerehospitalizedinChaoyangHospitalfromJanuary2016toDecember2019.Thedistributionofeachindexwasquantitativelydescribed,andcorrelationanalysiswasperformedtoidentifytherelatedriskfactors.

Results:Atotalof188patientswereincludedinthestudy,and147ofthemhaddepression.Age,medicalhistory,diseasegrading,diet,sleep,severityofdepressionsymptoms,serumtriglycerides,andserumuricacidwereallsignificantlycorrelatedwiththeoccurrenceofdepressionsymptoms.

Conclusion:Patientswithcerebralwhitematterlesioncombinedwithtype2diabeteshaveahighincidenceofdepression.Relatedriskfactorsincludeage,medicalhistory,diseasegrading,diet,sleep,triglycerides,andserumuricacid.Therefore,itisimportanttostrengthenthenursingandmanagementofsuchpatients,improvetheirqualityoflife,reducetheburdenofdisease,andminimizetheriskofdepression.

Keywords:cerebralwhitematterlesion,type2diabetes,depression,riskfactor。Depressionisacommonpsychologicalconditionthataffectsmillionsofpeopleworldwide.Recentresearchhasshownthatpatientswithcerebralwhitematterlesionscombinedwithtype2diabeteshaveahigherincidenceofdepression.Thisisduetothecomplexinteractionsbetweentheseconditionsandavarietyofriskfactorsthatexacerbatetheunderlyingdiseaseprocesses.

Ageisanimportantriskfactorinthedevelopmentofdepressioninpatientswithcerebralwhitematterlesionsandtype2diabetes.Aspatientsgetolder,theirriskofdepressionincreasesduetomultiplefactorssuchasincreasedprevalenceofchronicillnesses,decreasedindependence,anddecreasedsocialsupport.Moreover,medicalhistoryincludingpastepisodesofdepressionoranxietyalsoincreasetheriskofdepressioninthesepatients.

Diseasegradingisanotherimportantriskfactorinthedevelopmentofdepression.Highergradesofcerebralwhitematterlesionsandtype2diabetesareassociatedwithahigherriskofdepression.Thismaybeduetoincreaseddiseaseburden,higherlevelsofchronicinflammation,andpoordiseasecontrol.

Dietalsoplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofdepressioninpatientswithcerebralwhitematterlesionandtype2diabetes.Dietshighinrefinedsugars,processedfoods,andtransfatsincreasetheriskofdepressionwhiledietsrichinfruits,vegetables,andwholegrainsmayreducetheriskofdepression.Poorsleepisalsoariskfactorinthedevelopmentofdepressioninthesepatients.

Triglyceridesandserumuricacidlevelsarealsoimportantriskfactorsinthedevelopmentofdepressioninthesepatients.Highlevelsoftriglyceridesareassociatedwithincreasedinflammationandinsulinresistance,whichcanaffectbrainfunctionandincreasetheriskofdepression.Highlevelsofserumuricacidareassociatedwithincreasedoxidativestresswhichcandamagebraincellsandincreasetheriskofdepression.

Inconclusion,patientswithcerebralwhitematterlesionscombinedwithtype2diabetesareatahigherriskofdepression.Itisimportanttoidentifyandmanageriskfactorssuchasage,medicalhistory,diseasegrading,diet,sleep,triglycerides,andserumuricacidtoreducetheburdenofdisease,improvequalityoflife,andminimizetheriskofdepression.Nurseshaveanimportantroleineducatingpatientsabouttheseriskfactorsandprovidingsupportforthosewhoarestrugglingwithdepression。Depressionisacommonandseriousmooddisorderthataffectsmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Itischaracterizedbyongoingfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,andlossofinterestorpleasureinactivitiesthatwereonceenjoyed.Depressioncanbecausedbyavarietyoffactors,includinggenetics,lifeevents,andmedicalconditions.Forindividualswithcerebralwhitematterlesionscombinedwithtype2diabetes,theriskofdepressionishighercomparedtothosewithouttheseconditions.

Cerebralwhitematterlesionsarecommonbrainabnormalitiesthatarevisibleonmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI).Theselesionsareassociatedwithage-relatedchangesinthebrain,hypertension,anddiabetes.Whitematterlesionscancausecognitiveimpairment,includingproblemswithmemory,attention,andconcentration.Type2diabetes,ontheotherhand,isachronicmetabolicdisordercharacterizedbyhighbloodsugarlevelsthatresultfromthebody'sinabilitytoproduceorutilizeinsulinproperly.

Thecombinationofcerebralwhitematterlesionsandtype2diabetescanhaveasignificantimpactonanindividual'smentalhealth.AstudypublishedintheJournalofDiabetesResearchfoundthatindividualswithcerebralwhitematterlesionsandtype2diabetesweremorelikelytoexperiencesymptomsofdepressioncomparedtoindividualswithouttheseconditions.Thestudyalsofoundthattheseverityofwhitematterlesionswaspositivelyassociatedwithdepressivesymptoms.

Therearemanyriskfactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofdepressioninindividualswithcerebralwhitematterlesionsandtype2diabetes.Ageisoneofthemostsignificantriskfactors,asdepressionismorecommoninolderadults.Medicalhistory,suchasahistoryofdepressionorothermentalhealthdisorders,canalsoincreasetheriskofdepression.Diseasegrading,whichreferstotheseverityofcerebralwhitematterlesionsanddiabetes,canalsoimpacttheriskofdepression.Poordiet,lackofsleep,hightriglycerides,andelevatedserumuricacidlevelsareotherriskfactorsthatcancontributetothedevelopmentofdepression.

Asnurses,itisimportanttoeducatepatientsabouttheseriskfactorsandtoprovidethemwithsupportandresourcestomanagetheirmentalhealth.Nursescanworkwithpatientstodevelophealthylifestylehabits,suchasmaintainingabalanceddiet,gettingadequatesleep,andengaginginregularexercise.Theycanalsoprovidepatientswithresourcesformanagingtheirdiabetes,suchasmonitoringbloodsugarlevelsandtakingmedicationsasprescribed.

Inadditiontolifestylemodifications,thereareseveralevidence-basedtreatmentsfordepressionthatnursescanrecommendtotheirpatients.Therapies,suchascognitivebehavioraltherapyandinterpersonaltherapy,canhelppatientslearncopingstrategiesandimprovetheirself-esteem.Antidepressantmedications,suchasselectiveserotoninreuptakeinhibitors(SSRIs),canalsobeeffectiveintreatingdepression.

Inconclusion,individualswithcerebralwhitematterlesionscombinedwithtype2diabetesareatahigherriskofdepression.Itisimportantfornursestoidentifyandmanageriskfactorstoreducetheburdenofdisease,improvequalityoflife,andminimizetheriskofdepression.Nursesplayanimportantroleineducatingpatientsabouttheseriskfactorsandprovidingsupportforthosewhoarestrugglingwithdepression.Throughcollaborationandeducation,nursescanhelptheirpatientsachievebettermentalhealthoutcomes。Inadditiontoidentifyingandmanagingriskfactors,nursesalsoplayacrucialroleintheearlydetectionandmanagementofdepressioninpatientswithtype2diabetesandcerebralsmallvesseldisease.Itisimportantfornursestoincorporatementalhealthscreeningaspartoftheroutinecareforthesepatients.SimplescreeningtoolssuchasthePatientHealthQuestionnaire(PHQ-9)canbeusedtoidentifypatientswhomaybeatriskfordepression.Patientswhoscreenpositiveshouldthenbereferredtoamentalhealthprofessionalforfurtherassessmentandtreatment.

Nursescanalsoprovideeducationandsupporttothesepatientsregardingself-managementandlifestylechangestoimprovebothphysicalandmentalhealthoutcomes.Forexample,nursescanprovideeducationonhealthyeatinghabits,physicalactivity,andstress-managementtechniques.Nursescanalsoprovidesupportforpatientswhomaybestrugglingwithmedicationadherence,aswellasthosewhomaybeexperiencingsocialisolationorotherpsychosocialfactorsthatmayimpacttheirmentalhealth.

Inconclusion,nursesplayavitalroleinidentifyingandmanagingriskfactorsfordepressioninpatientswithtype2diabetesandcerebralsmallvesseldisease.Byincorporatingmentalhealthscreeningaspartofroutinecareandprovidingeducationandsupportforself-managementandlifestylechanges,nursescanhelptheirpatientsachievebettermentalhealthoutcomes.Collaborationandeducationamonghealthcareprofessionalsisnecessarytoreducetheburdenofdisease,improvequalityoflife,andminimizetheriskofdepressioninthesevulnerablepatientpopulations。Inadditiontomentalhealthconcerns,patientswithtype2diabetesandcerebralsmallvesseldiseasemayalsoexperiencechallengesrelatedtomedicationmanagement,physicalactivity,andnutrition.Asprimarycareproviders,nursesplayacriticalroleinworkingwiththesepatientstodeveloppersonalizedcareplansthataddresstheseissuesandpromoteholistichealth.

Medicationmanagementisakeyaspectofdiabetescare,butitcanbecomplexforpatientswhoalsohavecerebralsmallvesseldisease.Patientsmaybetakingmultiplemedicationstomanagevariousconditions,andtheymayexperiencedifficultieswithmedicationadherenceduetocognitiveorphysicalimpairments.Nursescanhelppatientsnavigatethesechallengesbyprovidingeducationonmedicationregimens,offeringremindersandmonitoringtools,andcollaboratingwithothermembersofthehealthcareteamtosimplifymedicationplansasneeded.

Physicalactivityisanotherimportantfactorinmanagingtype2diabetesandcerebralsmallvesseldisease,butpatientsmayfacebarrierstoexerciseduetomobilityissues,balanceproblems,orothercomplications.Nursescanworkwithpatientstodevelopsafeandachievableexerciseplans,takingintoaccountanyphysicallimitationsorconcerns.Thismayinvolverecommendinglow-impactactivities,providingresourcesforadaptiveequipment,orcoordinatingwithphysicaltherapiststodeveloppersonalizedexerciseprograms.

Nutritionisanothercriticalcomponentofmanagingdiabetes,butpati