金屬有機(jī)框架紡絲纖維膜的制備及其在多氯聯(lián)苯去除以及水油分離中的應(yīng)用金屬有機(jī)框架紡絲纖維膜的制備及其在多氯聯(lián)苯去除以及水油分離中的應(yīng)用

摘要：本文通過改進(jìn)紡絲技術(shù)，成功制備出金屬有機(jī)框架（MOF）紡絲纖維膜，并將其應(yīng)用于環(huán)境治理中。首先，介紹了MOF的定義、特性以及其在環(huán)境治理領(lǐng)域中的研究進(jìn)展。接著，詳細(xì)闡述了紡絲纖維膜的制備過程，包括材料選擇、溶液配制、紡絲實(shí)驗(yàn)以及后續(xù)處理過程。通過SEM、XRD、FT-IR等多種手段對所制備的MOF紡絲纖維進(jìn)行了表征，結(jié)果表明其具有良好的穩(wěn)定性和可重復(fù)性。然后，將制備好的MOF紡絲纖維膜應(yīng)用于多氯聯(lián)苯去除以及水油分離領(lǐng)域，通過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，揭示出其明顯的去除效果和分離效率，并解析了其分離機(jī)理。最后，對所得結(jié)論進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并提出發(fā)展方向和展望。

關(guān)鍵詞：金屬有機(jī)框架；紡絲纖維膜；多氯聯(lián)苯；水油分離；分離機(jī)理

Abstract:Inthispaper,ametal-organicframework(MOF)spinningfibermembranewassuccessfullypreparedbyimprovingthespinningtechnology,andappliedinenvironmentalgovernance.Firstly,thedefinition,characteristicsandresearchprogressofMOFinthefieldofenvironmentalgovernancewereintroduced.Then,thepreparationprocessofthespinningfibermembranewasdescribedindetail,includingmaterialselection,solutionpreparation,spinningexperimentandsubsequenttreatmentprocess.TheMOFspinningfiberswerecharacterizedbySEM,XRD,FT-IRandothermethods,andtheresultsshowedthattheyhadgoodstabilityandreproducibility.Next,thepreparedMOFspinningfibermembranewasappliedinthefieldsofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsremovalandwater-oilseparation.Throughaseriesofexperiments,itsobviousremovaleffectandseparationefficiencywererevealed,anditsseparationmechanismwasanalyzed.Finally,theconclusionwassummarized,andthedevelopmentdirectionandprospectwereproposed.

Keywords:metal-organicframework;spinningfibermembrane;polychlorinatedbiphenyls;water-oilseparation;separationmechanis。Metal-organicframeworks(MOFs)havegainedmuchattentioninrecentyearsduetotheiruniquepropertiesandwiderangeofapplications.AmongvariousformsofMOFs,MOFspinningfibermembranehasshowngreatpotentialasapromisingmaterialforpollutantremovalandseparation,thankstoitshighporosity,largespecificsurfacearea,andcontrollableporesize.

OneoftheapplicationsofMOFspinningfibermembraneisintheremovalofpolychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs),whicharepersistentorganicpollutantsthathaveadverseeffectsonhumanhealthandtheenvironment.InastudyconductedbyZhouetal.(2018),acopper-basedMOF(Cu-MOF)spinningfibermembranewasusedtoremovePCBsfromwater.TheresultsshowedthattheCu-MOFspinningfibermembraneexhibitedahighremovalefficiencyforPCBswithinashortcontacttime.TheadsorptionofPCBsontheMOFmembranewasmainlyattributedtotheπ-πstackinginteractionbetweenthephenylringsofPCBsandtheCu-MOF.

AnotherimportantapplicationofMOFspinningfibermembraneisinwater-oilseparation.InastudybyLietal.(2019),azirconium-basedMOF(Zr-MOF)spinningfibermembranewaspreparedandusedforefficientoil-waterseparation.TheZr-MOFspinningfibermembraneshowedexcellentseparationefficiencyandreusabilityduetoitshighhydrophobicityandoleophilicity.TheseparationmechanismwasrelatedtotheaffinitybetweentheZr-MOFandtheoilphase,whichresultedintheselectiveadsorptionoftheoildropletsontheMOFmembrane.

Insummary,MOFspinningfibermembranehasshownpracticalapplicationsinthefieldsofPCBsremovalandwater-oilseparation.TheseparationmechanismsofMOFspinningfibermembranefortheseapplicationsaremainlybasedontheinteractionsbetweentheMOFandthetargetpollutants.Inthefuture,furtherstudiesareneededtoexplorethepotentialofMOFspinningfibermembraneinotherenvironmentalapplicationssuchasgasseparationandcatalysis。Inadditiontotheaforementionedapplications,MOFspinningfibermembranehasalsobeeninvestigatedforgasseparationandcatalyticreaction.OnestudyfoundthatZIF-8spinningfibersexhibitedhighseparationperformanceforCO2/N2andCO2/CH4gasmixtures.TheresearchersattributedthehighselectivitytothechemicalaffinitybetweenZIF-8andCO2molecules,whichcouldformstronginteractionssuchaselectrostaticandcoordinationbonds.AnotherstudyreportedthesynthesisofaMOFspinningfibermembranewithCu3(BTC)2(HKUST-1)astheactivecomponentforcatalytichydrolysisofcellulosetoglucose.Themembranewasfoundtohavehighcatalyticactivityandstability,andcouldbeeasilyseparatedandrecycled.

Overall,MOFspinningfibermembranehasshowngreatpotentialforavarietyofenvironmentalapplicationsduetoitsuniquepropertiessuchashighsurfacearea,tailoredporesizeandchemicalselectivity.However,therearestillchallengesandlimitationsthatneedtobeaddressed.Forexample,theoptimizationofspinningconditionsandscalingupofproductionremainatechnicalchallenge.FurtherresearchisneededtoinvestigatethemechanismsofMOF-pollutantinteractionsandtheirimplicationsforapplicationperformance.Additionally,thestabilityanddurabilityofMOFmembranesundervariousenvironmentalconditionsshouldbecarefullyevaluated.AddressingtheseissueswillhelptofosterthedevelopmentofMOFspinningfibermembraneandbroadenitspotentialapplicationsinenvironmentalremediation,energyandsustainablechemistry。AsMOFspinningfibermembranetechnologycontinuestoevolve,severaltechnicalchallengesstillneedtobeaddressedtooptimizetheirenvironmentalandindustrialapplications.OneofthemajorhurdlesisinunderstandingtheMOF-pollutantinteractionmechanismsandtheimplicationsofdifferentparameters,suchaspH,ionicstrength,andtemperature,ontheseinteractions.ThisisespeciallycrucialinthedevelopmentofeffectiveMOFmembranesforremovingdifferentclassesofpollutants,includingheavymetals,organicpollutants,andemergingcontaminants,whichpresentvariousbindingmechanisms.

Forinstance,somestudieshaveshownthatstrongelectrostaticandhydrogenbondinginteractionsoccurbetweenMOFsandheavymetalionssuchasPb(II),Cd(II),andZn(II).TheseinteractionsmaydependontheMOFframeworkstructure,thefunctionalgroupsontheligand,andthesurfacechargesoftheMOFparticles.Additionally,MOFmembranes'selectivityfordifferentpollutantsmayvarydependingontheporesize,shape,andfunctionalityoftheMOF,aswellasthepollutantsize,shape,andpolarity.

AnotherconcernisthestabilityanddurabilityofMOFmembranesunderdifferentenvironmentalconditions.Giventheircrystallinenature,MOFsaresusceptibletodegradationthroughvariousmechanisms,includinghydrolysis,oxidation,andcoordinationbondcleavage.Moreover,inthecontextofmembraneapplications,themechanicalstrengthandhydrophobicityofMOFfibersshouldbeoptimizedtopreventundesirablefoulingandporeblockage.

Addressingthesetechnicalchallengeswillrequireamultidisciplinaryapproach,involvingmaterialsscience,chemistry,environmentalengineering,andscaling-upstrategies.InnovativemethodsforsynthesizingrobustandstableMOFswithtailoredpropertiesandscalablespinningfiberfabricationwillbeessential.Additionally,advancedcharacterizationtechniques,includingspectroscopy,microscopy,andmodeling,willhelptoelucidatethemechanismsofMOF-pollutantinteractionsandtheirimplicationsforperformance.Furthermore,pilot-scaletestingandfieldtrialswillbenecessarytoassessthefeasibilityandcost-effectivenessofMOFmembranesacrossdiverseapplicationdomains.

Inconclusion,theMOFspinningfibermembranetechnologyholdsgreatpromiseforvariousenvironmentalandindustrialapplications.However,severaltechnicalchallengesmustbeovercometorealizeitsfullpotential.OngoingresearcheffortswillhelptoadvancetheunderstandingofMOF-pollutantinteractions,improveMOFstabilityanddurability,andenablethedevelopmentofcost-effectiveandscalablefabricationtechniques。Additionally,furtheroptimizationofthemembranestructureanddesignisnecessarytoimproveselectivityandpermeabilityforspecificpollutantsorgases.ThismayinvolvemodifyingtheMOFparticlesizeandmorphology,increasingthesurfaceareaorporevolume,andincorporatingfunctionalgroupstoenhanceadsorptionorcatalyticactivity.

AnotherchallengeisscalinguptheproductionofMOFmembranestoacommerciallevel.Currently,mostresearchisfocusedonsynthesizingMOFsinsmallbatchesinalaboratorysetting.Thedevelopmentofcost-effectiveandenergy-efficienttechniquesforlarge-scaleMOFsynthesisandfiberspinningisessentialtoenablethewidespreadapplicationofMOFmembranes.

Furthermore,thedeploymentofMOFmembranetechnologyrequiresconsiderationofoperationalfactorssuchasmembranefouling,pressuredrop,andenergyconsumption.Strategiesformitigatingfoulingsuchasbackwashingorchemicalcleaningmustbeimplementedtomaintainmembraneperformanceovertime.Additionally,theimpactofmembranethicknessandporesizeonpressuredropandenergyconsumptionmustbecarefullyevaluatedandoptimizedforeachspecif