學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考1.TheLightoftheTwenty-firstCentury1.?The?word?laser?stands?for?“l(fā)ight?amplification?bystimulated?emission?of?radiatiion”on”..??TTo?many?people?lasers?are?very?mysterious?but?a?laser?is?simply?a?device?that?produces?a?very?strong?light.?The?light?from?a?laser?is?called?coherent?light?because?it?is?light?that?moves?in?only?one?direction.?In?contrast,?incoherent?light,?like?the?light?from?the?sun?or?a?light?bulb,?moves?away?from?its?source?in?all?directions,?so?its?strength?is?very?spread?out.?The?light?from?a?laser,?moving?in?only?one?direction?and?concentrated?in?a?narrow?beam,?is?much?stronger.?2.?As?soon?as?the?laser?was?developed,?scientists?began?thinking?of?practical?applications?for?it.?One?of?the?earliest?uses?was?to?make?extremely?precise?measurements?of?distance?and?speed.?For?example,?the?distance?to?the?moon?was?measured?to?within?a?foot,?and?the?speed?of?light?was?measured?to?within?a?thousandth?of?a?mile?per?second.?As?time?passed,?many?more?applications?for?the?laser?were?developed.?3.?Some?of?the?most?important?uses?of?lasers?are?in?medicine.?Lasers?can?be?used?in?surgery?to?open?and?close?incisions?with?no?danger?of?infection.?In?eye?operations,?a?laser?can?be?used?to?reattach?a?retina?and?to?prevent?excessive?bleeding?of?tiny?blood?vessel?in?the?eye.?Lasers?are?also?important?in?the?treatment?of?cancer.?A?llaser?beam?can?completely?destroy?a?cancerous?growth?without?leaving?behind?any?dangerous?cancer?cells?that?could?start?a?new?tumor.?More?recently,?lasers?have?been?used?to?remove?skin?discolorations?like?freckles,?age?spots,?and?birthmarks.?Some?dentists?have?even?started?using?lasers?for?painless?treatment?of?teeth?and?gums.?4.?Over?the?past?twenty?years,?personal?computers?have?brought?tremendous?changes?to?the?home?and?the?workplace,?and?many?of?the?most?important?developments?in?computer?technology?are?based?on?lasers.?From?laser?printers?(including?the?newest?colon?printers?to?technology?by?which?whole?encyclopedias?of?information?can?be?stored?on?a?laser?disk?(called?a?CD-ROM}?and?read?by?a?computer,?to?optical?disks?that?have?hundreds?of?times?as?much?memory?as?regular?floppy?disks,?lasers?are?revolutionizing?computers.?5.?Lasers?also?have?many?uses?in?business?and?industry?and?in?everyday?life.?In?factories,?lasers?are?used?to?cut?clcloth?and?harden?metals.?In?supermarkets,?a?laser?at?the?checkout?counter?reads?the?price?codes?on?packages.?Lasers?are?used?in?our?homes?in?music?CD?players?and?videodisc?players,?which?offer?much?better?audio?and?video?reproduction?than?we?get?from?audiotapes?or?VCRs.?6.?Lasers?have?also?made?a?big?difference?in?the?way?telephones?work.?Instead?of?changing?sound?waves?to?electricity?that?travels?through?copper?wire,?the?most?modern?telephone?technology?works?by?changing?sound?waves?into?pulses?of?laser?light?that?travel?through?hair-thin?glass?fibers.?One?such?fiber?can?carry?more?than?a?million?conversations?at?the?same?time!?An?added?benefit?is?that?this?technology?lessens?the?need?for?copper,?a?scarce?and?valuable?natural?resource.?7.?These?are?just?a?few?of?the?thousands?of?uses?for?lasers.?The?laser?is?truly?becoming?the?light?of?the?twenty-first?century.?1.?Which?one?of?the?following?statements?is?NOT?characteristic?of?the?light?from?a?laser?(C)?A.?It’s?very?strong.?B.?It?moves?in?only?one?direction.?C.?It?is?like?the?light?from?the?sun.?D.?It?moves?in?a?narrow?beam.?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考2.?The?following?are?all?applications?of?the?laser?EXECPT?for?A.?Laser?can?be?used?to?detect?minerals?like?copper.?B.?Laser?can?be?used?to?do?precise?measurement.?C.?Laser?can?be?used?in?business?and?industry.?D.?Laser?can?be?used?in?computer?technology.?.(A)?3.?Laser?has?been?widely?used?in?medicine?mostly?because?(B)?A.?Light?from?a?laser?has?strong?destructive?power.?B.?Light?from?a?laser?causes?no?infection?to?incisions.?C.?Light?from?a?laser?moves?in?a?narrow?beam.?D.?Light?from?a?laser?demands?no?other?medical?care.?4.?According?to?the?passage,?which?one?of?the?following?statements?is?NOT?TRUE????A.?Lasers?have?revolutionized?the?way?telephones?work.?(D)?B.?Music?CD?players?can?offer?better?audio?reproduction?than?audiotapes.?C.?Modern?telephone?technology?works?by?changing?sound?waves?into?pulses?of?laser?light.?D.?Laser?beams?can?destroy?a?cancerous?growth?but?with?some?problems?left.?5.?What?is?the?main?idea?of?this?passage?(A)?A.?Lasers?have?been?developed?many?applications?in?modern?life.?B.?Lasers?can?be?used?to?cure?diseases?like?cancer?and?oral?cavity?diseases.?C.?Laser?stands?for?“l(fā)ight?amplification?by?stimulated?emission?of?radiation”.?D.?Human?beings?will?be?benefited?more?from?lasers.?2.HeadacheAway1.?When?you?have?a?headache,?do?you?rash?to?your?medicine?cabinet?or?to?the?drugstore?for?a?pain?reliever??If?so,?you’re?not?alone.?People?in?the?Uni?Staedtes?spend?over?$2?billion?a?year?on?nonprescription?pain?relievers?such?as?aspirin,?acetaminophen?and?ibuprofen.?Although?effective,?these?pain?relievers?are?not?without?problems.?For?example,?many?pain?relievers?can?have?serious?side?effects.?2.?So,?next?time?you?have?a?headache,?instead?of?rushing?to?the?drugstore,?you?might?want?to?try?one?of?these?natural?headache?remedies:?3.?1.Eatsomethingsoon.?Preferably,?eat?something?high?in?protein,?a?substance?necessary?for?growth,?the?“hungry?headache”caused?by?a?drop?in?the?blood-sugarr?s?supply,?upply,?can?be?a?real?problem?for?people?not?eating?enough?at?mealtimes.?Why?protein??Because?se?it?rebuilds?your?blood-sugar?supply?little?by?little.?Sugary?foods?cause?the?blood?sugar?to?go?up?rapidly?and?then?drop?again?just?as?fast.?4.?2.Washitaway.At?the?first?sign?of?headache?pain,?get?in?the?shower,?advises?Dr.?Augustus?S.?Rose?of?the?UCLA?(University?of?California?at?Los?Angeles)?school?of?Medicine.?First?take?a?hot?shower?even?if?the?pain?gets?worse.?This?will?make?the?blood?vessels?open?wide.?Follow?it?immediately?with?a?cold?shower.?Stay?in?until?you?shiver.?Repeat?this?process?if?necessary.?This?process?works?well?for?a?migraine?headache.?In?a?migraine?headache,?the?blood?vessels?of?the?head?first?contract?(get?smaller),?then?dilate?(open?up)?and?press?against?the?nerves.?This?pressure?causes?pain.?Cold?water?makes?the?blood?vessels?contract,?which?eases?this?pressure?on?the?nerves.?5.?3.Freezeitout.?If?you?are?miles?away?from?the?shower,?Dr.?Rose?suggests?putting?crushed?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考ice?in?your?mouth.?Again,?this?is?useful?for?a?migraine?headache.?However,?this?remedy?is?inappropriate?for?elderly?or?sick?people.?6.?4.Thinkitaway.Sit?down?or?lie?down?and?close?your?eyes.?Imagine?that?it?is?summer?and?you?are?on?the?beach.?An?ocean?breeze?cools?your?face?and?your?hands?and?arms?grow?warmer?and?warmer?in?the?hot?sun.?Your?hands?are?really?soaking?up?the?sun.?They?become?hot?to?the?touch.?Minutes?pass,?and?when?you?open?your?eyes,?you?are?left?with?very?warm?hands…and?no?headache.?Thinking?warmth?into?your?hands?sends?blood?toward?them?and?away?from?the?head.?7.?5.Massageitout.?Get?to?your?head?through?your?feet.?Massaging?the?lower?part?of?your?big?toe?and?the?area?under?all?your?toes?will?lessen?tension?in?the?neck.?This?tension?can?often?cause?a?headache.?8.?6.Pressitaway.?Some?headaches?can?be?cured?by?a?sensitive?finger-pressure?massage.?The?massage?should?be?given?on?sensitive?“bigger”?points.?Thre?are?three?pairs?of?points:?one?at?each?temple,?one?under?each?shoulder?blade,?and?a?pair?at?the?back?of?the?neck.?Press?each?point?for?15?to?30?seconds?at?a?time.?Remember?to?press?both?points?in?a?pair?at?the?same?time,?not?just?one?side.?Doing?this?will?help?the?body’s?nature?painkillers?start?working.?If?you?are?alone,?press?the?thumb?of?one?hand?against?the?tender?spot?in?the?“V”?formed?by?the?thumb?and?forefinger?of?the?other?hand.?9.?Always?see?a?doctor?for?continuous?or?recurring?head?pain.?.?1.?From?the?passage,?we?could?get?to?know?(B)?A.?Nonprescription?pain?relievers?have?no?side?effects.?B.?American?people?spend?much?money?on?painkillers.?C.?Natural?headache?remedies?are?more?effective?than?headache?medicines.?D.?One?can’t?buy?pain?relievers?in?the?drugstores?in?the?USA.?2.?Eating?a?steak?can?help?get?rid?of?a?headache?because?.(D)?(A)?(C)?(B)?A.?Steak?is?high?in?sugar.?B.?Steak?is?high?in?nutrition.?C.?Steak?is?high?in?starch.?D.?Steak?is?high?in?protein.?3.?Which?one?of?the?following?statements?is?NOT?true?to?the?remedy?“wash?it?away”??A.?Only?hot?water?should?be?used?when?this?remedy?is?applied.?B.?This?remedy?works?well?for?a?migraine?headache.?C.?This?remedy?is?applicable?at?the?first?sight?of?headache?pain.?D.?Sometimes?the?process?of?taking?showers?should?be?repeated.?4.?What?is?the?right?way?to?press?headache?away?A.?Have?someone?apply?pressure?to?the?side?of?your?head?that?hurts?the?most.?B.?Have?someone?apply?pressure?to?the?side?of?your?head?that?hurts?less.?C.?Have?someone?apply?pressure?to?sensitive?spots?on?both?sides?of?your?head.?D.?Have?someone?apply?pressure?to?sensitive?spots?in?your?feet.?5.?The?main?idea?of?the?passage?is?.A.?More?and?more?American?people?take?medicines?to?release?pains.?B.?There?are?many?natural?headache?remedies?worth?trying?to?release?pains.?C.?Pain?relievers?are?usually?more?effective?than?natural?headache?remedies.?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考D.?Massaging?toes?can?lessen?tension?in?the?neck.?3.DangerforthefunofitDennis?Joyce?is?a?30-year-old?employee?employee?of?an?electric?company?in?New?York?City.?To?put?some?excitement?into?his?life,?he?spends?many?weekends?and?vacations?white-water?canoeing.?He?is?one?of?the?growing?number?of?Americans?who?in?recent?years?have?taken?up?dangerous?sports?to?fill?their?leisure?hours.?People?who?participate?in?risky?sports?usually?have?several?things?in?common.?Most?are?men.?They?don’t?like?others?to?think?of?them?as?thrill?seekers,?yet?they?admit?the?dangers?of?their?sport.?And?almost?all?of?them?look?down?on?sports?like?tennis?and?golf.?“There’s?just?nothing?happening?in?sports?liketennis?and?golf,”?said?Steve?Kaufman,?a?44-year-old?Manhattan?bill?collector?who?scuba?dives?in?his?spare?time.?According?to?him,?the?only?people?who?come?close?to?the?experience?of?scuba?divers?are?astronauts?“because?they’re?in?a?totally?alien?environment,?too.”?Kaufman?describes?his?sportas?“a?total?isolation?from?anything?that?can?interfere?with?your?own?personal?sense?of?self.”Mr.?Kaufman?said?his?most?dangerous?moment?as?a?diver?came?when?he?found?himself?looking?at?about?800?to?900?sharks.?Fortunately,?he?got?out?of?there?really?fast.?George?Weigel,??a?31-year-old?carpenter?carpenter?from?Pawling,?New?York,?enjoys?hang?gliding.?Although?many?risk-takers?see?hang?gliding?as?the?most?dangerous?sport?of?all,?Weigel?feels?hang?gliders?should?not?be?regarded?as?thrill?seekers.?Yet?he?said?that?hang?gliding?“scares?the?living?daylights?out?of?me”?and?that?“everything?else?seems?boring?compared?to?it.”Why?do?people?willingly?seek?out?danger??According?to?Dr.?George?Serban,?associate?professor,?of?clinical?psychiatry?at?New?York?University,?most?men?do?it?to?prove?their?masculinity.?“The?nature?of?the?male?animal?is?to?undertakedangerous?tasks?and?to?confront?them?and?to?succeed,”?Dr.?Serban?said.?When?life?becomes?boring?and?routine,?Serban?says,?and?men?do?not?have?a?chance?for?adventure?or?a?chance?to?prove?their?masculinity,?the?only?other?possibility?for?them?is?to?undertake?dangerous?activities.?The?novelty?of?the?sport?is?what?attracted?Susan?Tripp,?a?35-year-old?Manhattan?lawyer,?to?skin-ddiviving.?ng.?She?likes?it?because?it?“is?not?something?many?people?do.”?That?is?also?onone?of?the?main?reasons?John?Wolcott,?a?49-year-old?printer?printer?from?Edison,?New?Jersey,?likes?to?go?hot?air?ballooning.?“It?makes?me?a?hero,”?he?said.?At?parties,?he?said,?he?simply?introduces?ballooning?into?the?conversation,?and?he?becomes?the?center?of?attention?for?at?least?an?hour.?1.What?is?the?main?idea?of?the?article??A.Risky?sports?are?preferred?especially?by?men.?B.Risky?sports?funs?are?mostly?thrill-seekers.?(C)?C.More?and?more?Americans?have?taken?up?risky?sports?to?fill?their?leisure?hours.?D.Experts?explain?that?risky?sports?funs?take?up?risky?sports?to?prove?their?masculinity.?2.About?scuba?diving,?which?of?the?following?statements?is?NOT?true?according?to?the?article?(B)?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考A.Scuba?divers?have?similar?experience?with?astronauts.?B.It?is?like?tennis?and?golf?to?be?preferred?by?many?people.?C.Scuba?diving?helps?people?have?a?personal?sense?of?self.?D.Scuba?divers?can?isolate?themselves?from?the?outside?world?for?the?time?being.?3.Which?of?the?following?statements?is?NOT?true?about?risky?sports?funs??(A)?A.Risky?sports?funs?would?think?of?themselves?as?thrill?seekers.?B.Risky?sports?funs?usually?admit?the?danger?of?the?sports?they?take.?C.Risky?sports?funs?don't?like?sports?like?tennis?or?golf.?D.Risky?sports?funs?want?to?put?excitement?into?their?life.?4.Dr.?George?Serban?explains?that?most?men?are?willing?to?seek?out?danger?because?they?want?to?.?A.make?friends?from?other?fields?(D)?B.identify?themselves?with?other?men?C.look?for?funs?and?excitement?D.prove?their?manliness?or?masculinity?5.In?Last?Paragraph,?the?underlined?word?"novelty"?has?similar?meaning?to?.?(B)?A.fiction?B.newness?C.curiosity?D.strangeness?4.Winningthelottery…isitadreamcometrue?1.?Most?people?have?found?themselves?daydreaming?about?winning?a?million?dollars—as?a?solution?to?their?money?problems?or?as?a?path?to?happiness?and?a?life?of?luxury.?As?more?and?more?states?set?up?lottery?games,?more?and?more?people?rush?to?buy?a?ticket?and?a?dream.?The?states?view?lotteries?as?a?way?to?make?money,?since?only?about?half?of?what?they?take?in?is?given?back?as?prize?money.?The?prize?is?usually?broken?down?into?as?many?as?twenty?smaller,?yearly?payments?instead?of?one?huge?payment.?2.?Because?there?are?so?many?types?of?lottery?games,?and?they?all?have?winners,?it?can?seem?like?a?very?easy?thing?to?win—especially?in?those?rare?cases?where?someone?has?won?more?than?one?game.?But?in?reality,?the?odds?of?winning?the?lottery?are?very?small.?In?fact,?you?are?more?likely?to?be?struck?by?lightning?than?to?become?an?instant?millionaire.?3.?But?what?about?those?lucky?few?who?do?win??Have?they?achieved?the?American?dream—are?they?oneasystreet??It’s?fun?to?picture?these?winners?quitting?their?jobs,?going?on?a?wild?shopping?spree,?and?spending?a?lifetime?traveling?around?the?world.?But?according?to?a?survey,?most?people?who?win?keep?their?jobs,?stay?in?their?neighborhoods?and?keep?the?same?friends,?and?they’re?careful?about?how?they?spend?their?money.?4.?When?Christene?Cooper?won?$19?million?in?the?California?lottery,?she?was?a?20-year-old?student?working?two?jobs.?According?to?Christene,?“Winning?was?pretty?unbelievable;?it?changes?so?much?in?your?life.”?Because?they?were?able?to?afford?to?live?on?their?own,?sshe?and?her?high?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考school?sweetheart?got?married.?They?went?to?Disney?World?on?their?honeymoon,?and?they?bought?a?BMW?convertible,?a?truck,?and?a?yacht.?She?bought?houses?for?relatives?and?set?up?a?trust?fund?for?her?sister.?5.?But?for?Gloria?Mitchem,?winning?the?Florida?lottery?prize?of?$37.4?million?was?more?of?a?problem?than?a?blessing.?She?was?living?in?a?small?town?and?working?in?a?nursing?home?when?she?found?out?she?was?a?winner.?By?the?next??day,?ccrowds?of?people?and?reporters?were?outside?her?home.?She?neneeded?a?police?escort?to?take?her?toto?claim?the?prize.?Then,?after?a?press?conference?when?relatives?mentioned?that?they’dlike?to?buy?a?fancy?car,?automobile?salesmen?started?hounding?her?along?with?the?press.?Finally?she?quit?her?job,?took?her?child?out?of?day?care,?and?left?town.?She?refuses?to?speak?to?reporters,?and?only?her?family?and?a?few?close?friends?know?where?she?now?lives.?6.?Even?the?lottery?agencies?recognize?that?winning?can?open?the?door?to?worry?as?well?as?happiness.?They?advise?winners?to?at?least?get?new?phone?numbers?if?they?can’t?move.?They?also?recommend?getting?a?good?lawyer?and?financial?adviser.?To?win?the?lottery?you?only?need?luck,?but?to?manage?the?changes?in?your?life?that?come?with?the?jackpot,?you?need?lots?of?planning?and?good?advice.?1.More?and?more?states?set?up?lottery?games?to?.??(D)?(A)?(B)?(C)?A.?create?job?opportunities?B.?advocate?American?dream?C.?help?the?poor?D.?make?money?2.About?lottery?games,?which?of?the?following?statements?is?TRUE??A.It?is?more?likely?to?be?struck?by?lightening?than?to?win?a?lottery.?B.Lottery?winners?usually?get?one?huge?payment?once?for?all.?C.It?is?quite?easy?to?win?a?lottery?game?if?you?calculate?carefully.?D.Winning?lottery?games?always?brings?happiness?to?the?winners.?3.What?is?in?common?for?the?two?lottery?winners?mentioned?in?the?article??A.?Both?were?troubled?by?automobile?sellers.?B.?Both?bought?or?intended?to?buy?an?automobile.?C.?Both?continue?their?work?and?live?a?happy?life.?D.?Both?moved?to?a?bigger?house.?4.In?Paragraph?3,?the?underlined?phrase?"on?easy?street"?means?.?A.walking?on?an?easy?street?B.walking?on?a?busy?street?C.living?without?worries?about?money?D.living?without?principles?5.Lottery?winners?usually?can?get?from?lottery?agencies?advice?except?for?.?(A)?A.getting?a?new?job?B.getting?a?new?phone?number?C.getting?a?good?lawyer?D.getting?a?financial?adviser?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考5.EconomyinFrance1.?More?attention?was?paid?to?the?quality?of?production?in?France?at?the?time?of?Rene?Coty.?Charles?Deschanel?was?then?the?financial?minister.?He?stressed?that?workmanship?and?quality?were?more?important?than?quantity?for?industrial?production.?It?would?be?necessary?to?produce?quality?goods?for?the?international?market?to?compete?with?those?produced?in?other?countries.?The?French?economy?needed?a?larger?share?of?the?international?market?to?balance?its?import?and?export?trade.?2.?French?industrial?and?agricultural?production?was?still?inadequate?to?meet?the?immediate?needs?of?the?people,?let?alone?long-ranged?developments.?developments.?Essential?imports?had?stretched?the?(通貨national?credit?to?the?breaking?point.?Rents?were?tightly?controlled,?but?the?extreme?inflation膨脹)affected?general?population?most?severely?through?the?cost?of?food.?Food?costs?took?as?much?as?80?percent?of?the?workers’income.?Wages,??it?is?true,?had?risen.?Extensive?family?allowances?and?benefits?were?paid?by?the?state,?and?there?was?full-time?and?overtime?employment.?Taken?together,?these?factors?enabled?the?working?class?to?exit?but?allowed?them?no?sense?of?security.?In?this?precarious(不穩(wěn)定的)and?discouraging?situation,?workmen?were?willing?to?work?overseas?for?higher?wages.?3.?The?government?was?reluctant(勉強(qiáng)的)to?let?workers?leave?the?country.?It?was?feared?this?migration?of?workers?would?deplete?(使減少)?the?labor?force.?The?lack?of?qualified?workers?might?hinder?the?improvement?in?the?quality?of?industrial?products?produced.?Qualified?workers?employed?abroad?would?only?increase?the?quantity?of?quality?goods?produced?in?foreign?countries.?Also?the?quantity?of?quality?goods?produced?in?France?would?not?be?able?to?increase?as?part?of?its?qualified?labor?force?moved?to?other?countries.?1.?According?to?the?passage,?the?French?workers?were?.?(C)?A.?better?paid?than?the?workers?in?any?other?European?country?B.?able?to?save?more?money?with?the?increase?in?his?wages?C.?anxious?to?work?abroad?D.?often?unable?to?find?work?in?France?2.?Rene?Coty?and?Charles?Deschanel?were?both?interested?in?A.?better?quality?in?production?.??(A)?B.?increasing?quantity?in?production?C.?having?the?government?raise?tariffs?on?foreign?imports?D.?eliminating?unions?in?France?3.?The?French?government?was?reluctant?to?let?the?workers?leave?the?country?because??.?(B)?A.?it?would?enlarge?the?working?force?B.?it?would?hinder?the?improvement?of?quality?in?industrial?production?C.?it?would?hinder?the?increase?in?quantity?of?exports?D.?it?would?damage?the?imports?4.?Rents?in?France?.?(B)?(A)?A.?were?extremely?high?B.?were?tightly?controlled?C.?took?as?much?as?80?percent?of?the?workers’?income?D.?had?doubled?in?two?years?5.?According?to?the?passage,?French?production?.?學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考A.?was?inadequate?to?meet?the?needs?of?the?French?people?B.?was?flooding?the?international?market?with?inferior?products?C.?emphasized?industrial?production?at?the?expense?of?agricultural?production?D.?was?enough?for?the?local?market?6.Teachingyourchildrenhowtosaysorry1.?If?you?want?to?teach?your?children?how?to?say?sorry,?you?must?be?good?at?saying?it?yourself,?（需要技巧的）especially?to?your?own?children.?But?how?you?say?it?can?be?quite?tricky.?2.?If?you?say?to?your?children?“I’m?sorry?I?got?angry?with?you,?but?…”?what?follows?that?“but”?would?be?“I?had?a?bad?day”?or?“your?noise?was?giving?me?a?headac.?Thie”s?can?make?the?apology?ineffective?and?leaves?the?person?feeling?that?he?should?be?apologizing?for?his?bad?behavior?before?he?gets?an?apology?from?you.?3.?Another?method?by?which?people?appear?to?apologize?without?actually?doing?so?is?to?say,?“I’m?sorry?you’re?upset”.?This?suggests?that?you?are?somehow?at?fault（過錯）for?allowing?yourself?to?get?upset?by?what?the?other?person?has?done.?（