商務(wù)翻譯基礎(chǔ)之句子處理第二講商務(wù)英語語篇中從句的翻譯2.1定語從句的翻譯英語定于絕大部分是后置漢語中定語都要前置漢語定于不能過長?一Businessisacombinationofalltheseactivities:production,distributionandsale,throughwhichprofitoreconomicsurpluswillbecreated.?.?―?一商務(wù)是指生產(chǎn)，配送，銷售等一切活動的組合，通過這些活動，創(chuàng)造利潤和經(jīng)濟(jì)盈余。?inaturnkeyproject,thesellerplans,constructs,andplacesinoperationaforeignfacilitythatisthentransferredtoalocalowner.??在由承包商完全承包的工程中，賣主計劃、建造并將一套國外設(shè)施投入運作，然后將其轉(zhuǎn)讓給地方雇主。?Anditallowsmethevarietyofworkthatworkingatalargemulti-billionbankdoesnothavetoofferasyou’llbeworkinginnarrowjobdescriptionhandlingonetypeoflending.?這使我的工作變化多樣，而這在擁有億萬資金的大銀行里是不大可能的，因為在那種大銀行里，你的工作范圍很窄，只處理一種貸款。?Buttheimportantthingtorememberisthatinthemodernworldwemustgivepeopleskillswhichwillpreparethemforthechangingworldofmanufacturingandproductionwhichisnowuponus...但需要記住的重要事情是，在現(xiàn)代世界里，我們必須向人們傳授技術(shù)本領(lǐng)，掌握這些技術(shù)本領(lǐng)就可以使他們?yōu)閼?yīng)對我們眼下所面臨的不斷變化著的生產(chǎn)制造領(lǐng)域做好準(zhǔn)備。Itwasfoundthatacountrybenefitsmorebyproducinggoodsitcanmakemostcheaplyandbuyingthosegoodsthatothercountriescanmakeatlowercoststhanbyproducingeverythingitneedswithinitsownborder.?人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個國家只生產(chǎn)成本消耗最低的產(chǎn)品，而從其他國家購買他們用較低成本生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，這比在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)自己所需要的一切產(chǎn)品要劃算的多。?Inadditiontovisibletrade,whichinvolvestheimportingandexportingoftangiblegoods,thereisalsoinvisibletrade,whichinvolvestheexchangeofservicesbetweennations.?除了這種進(jìn)出口商品的有形貿(mào)易以外，還有一種國與國之間進(jìn)行交換服務(wù)的無形貿(mào)易。?Internationaltradetransactionsrefertotheexportationofgoodsorservicesfromonecountrytoanother,whichistheimportingcountry......一國際貿(mào)易是指商品或服務(wù)從一個國家出口到另一個國家，即進(jìn)口的國家。?Asimportsarefinancedbyexports,whichhelptogainforeigncurrencytoimportthebadlyneededrawmaterials,technologyandequipment,thecapacityofanationtoimportobviouslydependsonitsexportperformance.?由于進(jìn)口依靠出口來融資，出口獲得的外匯可用來進(jìn)口急需的原材料、技術(shù)及設(shè)備，因此一個國家的進(jìn)口能力顯然取決于出口業(yè)績的好壞.e.……一Traditionally,businesssimplymeantexchangeortradeforthingspeoplewantedorneeded,buttodayithasamoretechnicaldefinition,whichistheproduction,distribution,andsalesofgoodsandserviceforaprofit..傳統(tǒng)上，商務(wù)僅指人們所需要的物品交換或貿(mào)易。但是，今天商務(wù)有更為科學(xué)的定義，它是指為了利潤而進(jìn)行貨物和勞務(wù)的生產(chǎn)、配送和銷售的一種活動。.—Internationalbusinesshasemergedasaseparatebranchofmanagementtraining,becausethegrowingscaleandcomplexityofbusinesstransactionacrossnationalboundariesgivesrisetonewanduniqueproblemsofmanagementandgovernmentalpolicythathavereceivedinadequateattentionintraditionalareasofbusinessandeconomics.Internationalbusinesshasemergedasaseparatebranchofmanagementtraining,becausethegrowingscaleandcomplexityofbusinesstransactionacrossnationalboundariesgivesrisetonewanduniqueproblemsofmanagementandgovernmentalpolicythathavereceivedinadequateattentionintraditionalareasofbusinessandeconomics..國際商務(wù)作為管理訓(xùn)練的一個分支出現(xiàn)，是由于跨國界的商業(yè)交易日益增長的范圍和復(fù)雜性產(chǎn)生了新的、特殊的管理問題和政府政策問題。這些問題沒有在傳統(tǒng)的商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域里受到足夠的注意。?-一Internationalbusinessactivitiesalsoincludeanextensiverangeofoptionalmethodsavailabletofirmsfordongbusinessinternationallythatinvolvedifferentdegreesofforeigndirectinvestmentcommitments...國際商務(wù)活動包括一系列可供公司選擇的進(jìn)行國際貿(mào)易的方法。這些方法包括外國直接投資的不同程度的承諾。?TheMultilateralAgreementonInvestment(MAI)aimstoachieveasituationwhereforeigninvestorsarenotdiscriminatedagainst,buttheyarestillsubjecttothesamesubstantivelawsandregulationsthatapplytodomesticinvestors.—?多邊投資協(xié)定的目標(biāo)是要達(dá)到這樣一種境界一一外國投資者不受歧視，但他們?nèi)院蛧鴥?nèi)投資者一樣要接受同樣的基本法規(guī)的管制。?Thesellermustdelivergoodswhichofthequantity,qualityanddescriptionsrequiredbythecontractandwhicharecontainedorpackedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract..賣方交付的貨物必須與合同所規(guī)定的數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和規(guī)格一致，并按照合同所規(guī)定的方式裝箱或包裝。2.2狀語從句的處理?英文狀語從句的處理：?將狀語置于漢語的謂語之前充當(dāng)漢語句子中的狀語；將狀語置于漢語句子中主句前充當(dāng)狀語。*Buyersortheircharteringagent（租船代理人）shalladvisethesellersbyfax10dayspriortothearrivalofthecarryingvessel（裝貨船只）attheportofshipmentofthecontractnumber,nameofthecarryingvessel,approximateloadingcapacity（載荷能力）,laydays（裝卸貨日數(shù)）andportofloading.?買方或其租船代理人須于載貨輪抵達(dá)裝貨港10天前以傳真方式通知賣方合同號、船名、大約受載總量、預(yù)計抵達(dá)日期及裝運港名。Within30daysafterthesigningandcomingintoeffectofthiscontract,theBuyershallproceedtopaythepricefortheneedstotheSellerbyopeninganirrevocableL/CforthefullamountofUSD30000infavoroftheSellerthroughabankatexportpointsothattheSellermaydrawthesuminduetime.?買方須于本合同簽字并生效后30天內(nèi)通過出口地銀行開立以賣方為受益人的不可撤消信用證支付全部貨款計30，000美元，以便賣方及時提取款項。*Ifthetechnicaldocumentsarefoundlost,damagedormutilated（毀傷）duringairtransportation,PartyBshallsupplyPartyAfreeofchargewithasecondsetofthedocumentswithintheshortestpossibletimebutnotlaterthanthirtydaysafterithasreceivedfromPartyAthewrittennotice?若技術(shù)資料在空運中丟失、損壞、缺損、或短缺，乙方須于收到甲方的書面通知后30天內(nèi)盡快免費向甲方重新郵寄該技術(shù)資料一套。,，”Ifanychangeisrequiredregardingthetermsandconditionsofthisagreement,thenbothpartiesshallnegotiateinordertofindasuitablesolution,provided,however,thatanychangeofthisagreementshallbesubjecttotheapprovalbythegovernmentofbothparties.?若須對本協(xié)議的條款進(jìn)行任何修改，雙方須經(jīng)協(xié)商妥善解決，但本協(xié)議的任何修改須經(jīng)協(xié)議雙方政府的批準(zhǔn)。,ShouldforcertainreasonstheBuyernotbeabletoinformtheSelleroftheforegoingdetails10dayspriortothearrivalofthevesselattheportofloadingorshouldthecarryingvesselbeadvancedordelayed,theBuyerortheircharteringagentshalladvicetheSellersimmediatelyandmakenecessaryarrangement.?若買方由于某種原因不能于裝運輪抵達(dá)裝運港10日前將上述詳細(xì)情況通知賣方，或裝運輪提前或推遲抵達(dá)，買方或其運輸代理人須立即通知賣方并作出必要的安排。?TheBuyershallpaytheSellerUS$350000within20daysaftertheBankofChinahasreceivedthefollowingdocumentsfromtheSellerandfoundtheminorder,butnotearlierthan12（twelve）monthsafterthedatetheContractPlantforthefirsttimereached95%ofguaranteedcapacityofthewholeContractPlantaccordingtotheguaranteedqualityindicesasperAnnexVItotheContractor65monthsafterthedateofsigningthecontract,whicheverisearlier.?買方須于中國銀行收到賣方下列單據(jù)，并經(jīng)審核證實無誤后的20天內(nèi)向賣方支付350000美元，但此款項的支付不得早于合同工廠第一次達(dá)到附件VI所規(guī)定之質(zhì)量保證指標(biāo)的95%以后的12個月，或本合同簽字后的65個月，以早到的日期為準(zhǔn)。?Ifunderthecontractthebuyeristospecifytheform,measurementorotherfeaturesofthegoodsandhefailstomakesuchspecificationeitheronthedateagreeduponorwithinareasonabletimeafterreceiptofarequestfromtheseller,thesellermaywithoutprejudicetoanyotherrightshemayhave,makethespecificationhimselfinaccordancewiththerequirementsofthebuyerthatmaybeknowntohim.若按本合同之規(guī)定應(yīng)由買方?jīng)Q定貨物的形狀、尺寸或其他特征，但買方在雙方議定的時間內(nèi)，或在收到賣方的要求后的合理期限內(nèi)未能作出上述規(guī)定，則賣方有權(quán)根據(jù)買方