中考語(yǔ)法精講——被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的根本構(gòu)成：be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞〔be+done)2

am/is/are+done

Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.3Heputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.

was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.43.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

shall/will/begoingto+bedone

Theywillplanttreestomorrow.TreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrowHeisgoingtowritealettertohismother.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.54.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

has/have+beendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.

6can/may/must/should+bedoneIcanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.7被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。這塊手表是中國(guó)制造的。ThiswatchismadeinChina.2.沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者每年都應(yīng)該種更多的樹。Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.83.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。世界上越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.4.句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。許多房屋被沖走了。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.9主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法〔主語(yǔ)〕〔賓語(yǔ)〕主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作的承受者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)作的承受者+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者〔主語(yǔ)〕〔賓語(yǔ)〕說(shuō)明：〔1〕要將主動(dòng)句里的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)，假設(shè)主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格?！?〕把主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)，主格變賓格，并由by引導(dǎo)?！?)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式。10補(bǔ)充局部1.主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它們的主語(yǔ)為物，可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義。Thiskindofshirtsellswell.112.

look,sound,taste,smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義。例：Itsmellswonderful.Mooncakestastedelicious.3.在beworthdoing中,doing表被動(dòng)意義。例：Thisbookisworthreading.124.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedone例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.

我的自行車需要修理。13課堂練習(xí)〔一〕改寫句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._________________byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday.____________________byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._______________abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.______________________________byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter.__________________________byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten14

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．

A．a(chǎn)renotkept；willhaveto

B．a(chǎn)renotkept；have

C．donotkeep；willhaveto

D．donotkeep；haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．

Yes，italldependsontheweather．

A．I'vebeentold

B．I'vetold

C．I'mtold

D．Itold

ACA154.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompleted

B.completes

C.hasbeencompleted

D.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cut

B.arecut

C.arebeingcut

D.hadbeencut

6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesigned

B.hadbeendesigned

C.wasdesigned

D.wouldbedesigned

7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.

A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.wasbroken

D.hadbeenbroken

DCBC168.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.

A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup

B.havetakenplace;havebeensetup

C.havetakenplace;havesetup

D.weretakenplace;weresetup

9.Thatsuit__over60dollars.

A.hadcosted

B.costedC.iscostedD.cost

10.Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.

What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for?

A.isbeingbuilt

B.hasbeenbuilt

C.isbuilt

D.isbuilding

11.Doyoulikethecloth?

Yes,it___verysoft.

A.isfeeling

B.felt

C.feels

D.isfelt

BDAC1712.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．

A．write

B．towrite

C．tobewritten

D．written

13.Ihavenomoreletters____，thankyou．

A．totype

B．typing

C．tobetyped

D．typed

14.Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.

A.won’twashout

B.won’tbewashedout

C.isn’twashedout

D.isn’twashingout

15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___.

A.beputup

B.givein

C.beturnedon

D.goout

BCAD1816.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith.

A.belongs

B.arebelongedto

C.belongsto

D.belongto

17.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

Oh,excellent.It’sworth___asecondtime.

A.toread

B.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.

A.catching

B.tobecaught

C.beingcaught

D.tocatch

19.This