大慶市2023屆高三年級(jí)第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whathappenedtotheman?A.Helosthishorse. B.Hewasbittenbyadog. C.Hewasbittenbyahorse.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howisyourankle?I’veneverseenahorsebitepeoplebefore.M:Nothingserious.Howstrangeitwasforahorsetoactlikeabigdog!2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Johndoesn’tputhisideasintopractice. B.Johndoesn’tlikedreaming. C.Johnhastoofewdreams.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Johniscalledadaydreamer.However,Ithinkhehascomeupwithalotofgoodideas.W:Anyhow,goodideasneedpractising.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Gotothebiologydepartment. B.Teachherselfthecourses. C.Waitforhishelp.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HowdoIfindoutwhatcoursesIshouldtakeformybiologymajor?M:Gotothebiologydepartmentandaskthemtoassignsomeonetohelpyou.Andtheywilltellyouwhatyouneedtotakeforyourdegree.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Seeadoctor. B.Attendameeting. C.Visitthewoman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello!IsSuethere?W:Yes,speaking.M:Oh,sorry,I’mafraidIwon’tattendthemeetingthismorning.LastnightIstartedgettingafever.W:Don’tworryaboutthemeeting.You’dbettergotoseeadoctor.Ihopeyouwillbebettersoon.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhyshouldthemanapologizetoSonia?A.Hedidherhairbadly. B.Hedidn’tnoticehernewhairstyle. C.Hemadefunofhernewhairstyle.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:WhywereyousayingthataboutSonia’snewhairstyle?M:Ididn’tmeantomakeherangry.IwassimplytellingajokewhenIsaidthat.W:Well,shehadnoideawhatyouweresayingwasjustajoke.M:IsupposeIoweheranapology.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下對(duì)話?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whydoesthemanwanttoworkthere?A.Togoabroad. B.ToearnsomemoneyandpracticehisEnglish. C.Tofindaplacetolivein.7.Whatkindofjobdoesthemanapplyfor?A.Themanager. B.Thecook. C.Thewaiter.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Welcometoourhotel.Firstofall,tellmealittlebitaboutyourself.M:MynameisTomSmith.I’masenior.W:Whydoyouwanttoworkpart-timehere?M:First,Iwanttogetsomemoneytosupportmystudy.Second,IcanalsopracticemyspokenEnglishwiththeforeigntourists.I’msureIcanbeagoodwaiterandoffermybestservicetopeople.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下對(duì)話?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthemostimportantrequirementforanairhostessaccordingtotheman?A.Beingkind. B.Beingtallandbeautiful. C.BeinganEnglishexpert.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Ireallyenvytheseairhostesses.IwishIcouldbeoneofthem.M:Youmeanyouwanttobeanairhostess?W:What?Anyonecanbeanairhostessifsheistallandbeautiful.M:Honey,that’snotassimpleasyouthink.Tobeanairhostess,themostimportantthingistobekindhearted.What’smore,youmustspeakEnglishfluently.W:Hmm,youknowmyEnglishisnotgood.M:Well,practiceyourEnglishfirst.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下對(duì)話?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatwasthewomandoingwhensheheardanoise?A.Shewasdoingthedishes. B.Shewaspolishingthetable. C.Shewascleaningthelivingroom.11Whomaythemanspeakerbe?A.Apoliceofficer. B.Thewoman’shusband. C.Thewoman’sneighbor.12.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheearlymorning. B.Aroundnoon. C.Intheevening.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:Canyoutellmewhathappenedthismorning,MrsJones?W:Well,2hoursago,thatwasaround10:00inthemorningwhenIwasdoingthedishes.Then,soonafterthat,Iwaspolishingthetable.IthoughtIheardanoise,butIwasreallyconcentratingonthepolishing,soIdidn’ttakemuchnotice.M:Whathappenednext?W:Iwascleaningthelivingroom,around10:15,whenIheardsomeoneupstairs.Itsoundedliketheywerelookingforsomethinginmycupboard.Abouttwominuteslater,someonerandownthestairs.Irantothewindow.Amanwasgettingintoacar.Thenhewasdrivingaway.M:Whattimewasthis,MrsJones?W:10:20.ThenIcalledthepolice.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下對(duì)話。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.WhereistheRoyalOak?A.Nearthemainsquare. B.Ontheairportroad. C.Inthecountryside.14.WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheBridgeHotel?A.Abitfar. B.Quiteunusual. C.Verypeaceful.15.WhatisspecialabouttheBridgeHotel?A.It’squitelovelyinsummer. B.Ithasanindoorswimmingpool. C.Itwasrebuiltfromaprivatehouse.16.Whichhotelwillthemanchoose?A.TheBridgeHotel. B.CarltonHouse. C.TheRoyalOak.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,Iwanttofindaplacetostayforafewdays.W:Well,therearesomegoodhotels.CarltonHouseisnearthemainsquareinthecitycenter,butyoumightalsobeinterestedintheRoyalOak.It’sinthecountryside,abouttenkilometersawayandverypeaceful.ThenthereistheBridgeHotel—it’sintownbutnotinthecenter.Itisoutontheairportroad.M:Hmm,thatmightbeabitfaractually.OK,nowtheoneyoumentioned,inthecitycenter.Canyoutellmeabitaboutit?W:Well,itisquiteunusual—itusedtobealargeprivatehouse.ItwasboughtbytheVenicechainandtheycompletelyredecoratedit.That’safivestarhotel.M:Doesithaveaswimmingpool?W:No.TheRoyalOakhasanoutdoorpool,whichislovelyinsummer,buttheonlyhotelwithanindoorpoolistheBridgeHotel.M:Isee.Well,IthinkI’llprobablygoforthecitycenter.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下對(duì)話?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatdoesTatyanado?A.Abusinesswoman. B.Anurse. C.Ateacher.18.WhichofthefollowingcausedthegreatestproblemforTatyanaatfirst?A.Thelanguage. B.Herchildren. C.Localcitizens.19.WhydidTatyanagotoToastmastersInternational?A.Tohavefun. B.ToimproveherEnglish. C.Tomakemorefriends.20.WhatdoesthespeakermentionaboutTatyanaintheend?A.HerwaytolearnEnglish. B.Herloveforherhometown. C.HerimpressionofCanadians.【答案】17C18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:TatyanaisaRussian,andnowlivesinCanada.Sheandherhusband,whoisabusinessman,andtheirtwosonsmovedtoCanadain1998.Shewasappointedtoapositioninasciencelaboratory.AndnowTatyanaisanassistantprofessorattheUniversityofAlberta.Atfirst,hergreatestproblemwasherpoorEnglish.Notbeingabletounderstandorexpressherselffullymadeitdifficultforhertotakeherchildrentoregisteratschool,andshecouldn’tgivethemthesupporttheyneededwiththeirhomework.Allthatsoonchanged,however.ShelearnedtospeakEnglishinaquiteunusualway,byjoiningToastmastersInternationalandpayingcloseattentiontothespeechesthatpeoplemade.Shefounditaveryenjoyableexperience.TatyanahasalwaysfeltwelcomeinCanada,andthat’swhatmakesitaspecialplaceforher.TatyanasaysthatshestilllovesRussia,butsheloves第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourBooksWorthReadingTheHumaneHomebySarahLozanovaThebookcontainssevenchaptersthatcovertopicslikeenergyefficiency,waterconservation,passivesolarheating,airqualityandchoosingwheretolive,etc.Itcontainsnumerouslittleprojects,frombuildinggardenbedstopreservinghome-grownproduce.Thebookisaquickandeasyread,easilyfinishedinanhourortwo.AnAlmostZeroWasteLifebyMegeanWeldonThebookofferssuggestionsforreducingwasteineveryareaoflife,fromgroceryshopping,tobeautyroutinesandclothing.Inurgingpeopletochoosebambootoothbrushesandpackage-freegoods,Weldonnevermentionsasinglecompanyinhisbook.Thismaybestrategic.Companiescomeandgo,andsuchreferencescouldpotentiallymakethebookfeelout-of-date.TheEcoHeroHandbookbyTessaWardleyThebookaddressestheissueofeco-anxietybydedicatingaoneanswertoacommonly-askedquestionand,hopefully,enablingthereaderstofeelliketheycantakeaction.Thequestionsrangefrom“Ismywaterusageaffectingtheplanetandnature?”to“Whichfoodsareresponsiblefortheworstdeforestation(濫伐森林)?”Theanswersarethesamelength,regardlessofthecomplexityofthequestion.SustainableHomebyChristineLiuThisbeautifulbookcouldsitonyourcoffeetable,withitsgorgeous(非常漂亮的)minimalistphotography.AuthorChristineLiuisasustainabilitybloggerwhoseownhomeandDIYprojectsarefeaturedinthebook.Shegoesthroughallthestepsyoucantaketoavoidwaste,reduceclutter(雜亂)andadoptmoreeco-friendlypractices.Heradviceishelpfultoanyonewhofeelsfrightenedbytheclimatecrisis.21.Whowouldbethemostinterestedinthefourbooks?A.Peoplelovingscienceandtechnology. B.Peoplefocusingonresearchonnature.C.Peopledesiringaneco-friendlylifestyle. D.Peoplecaringaboutendangeredspecies.22.Whosebookenablesyoutoquicklygetthetopicsaboutsolarheating?A.SarahLozanova. B.MegeanWeldon. C.TessaWardley. D.ChristineLiu.23.WhatisspecialaboutTheEcoHeroHandbook?A.Itgivesreadersmuchadvice. B.Itshowssomeenvironmentalproblems.C.Itmakesreaderstakesomeactions. D.Itmakesitsanswers’lengththesame.【答案】21.C22.A23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章向想要環(huán)保生活方式的人介紹了四本值得閱讀的書。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thebookcontainssevenchaptersthatcovertopicslikeenergyefficiency,waterconservation,passivesolarheating,airqualityandchoosingwheretolive,etc.(這本書共有七章，涵蓋了能源效率、節(jié)水、被動(dòng)太陽(yáng)熱能、空氣質(zhì)量和選擇居住地點(diǎn)等主題)”，第二段中“Thebookofferssuggestionsforreducingwasteineveryareaoflife,fromgroceryshopping,tobeautyroutinesandclothing.(這本書提出了在生活的各個(gè)方面減少浪費(fèi)的建議，從雜貨店購(gòu)物到美容和服裝)”，第三段中“Thebookaddressestheissueofeco-anxietybydedicatingaoneanswertoacommonly-askedquestionand,hopefully,enablingthereaderstofeelliketheycantakeaction.(這本書用一頁(yè)紙的篇幅回答了一個(gè)常見的問(wèn)題，希望能讓讀者覺得他們可以采取行動(dòng)，從而解決生態(tài)焦慮的問(wèn)題)”以及最后一段“Shegoesthroughallthestepsyoucantaketoavoidwaste,reduceclutter(雜亂)andadoptmoreeco-friendlypractices.(她介紹了所有你可以采取的避免浪費(fèi)、減少雜亂以及采取更環(huán)保的做法的步驟)”可以推斷出，這四本書都是與環(huán)保有關(guān)的，所以渴望環(huán)保的生活方式的人可能會(huì)對(duì)這四本書更感興趣。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一本書的介紹中“Thebookcontainssevenchaptersthatcovertopicslikeenergyefficiency,waterconservation,passivesolarheating,airqualityandchoosingwheretolive,etc.(這本書共有七章，涵蓋了能源效率、節(jié)水、被動(dòng)太式陽(yáng)能供暖、空氣質(zhì)量和選擇居住地點(diǎn)等主題)”和“Thebookisaquickandeasyread,easilyfinishedinanhourortwo.(這本書讀起來(lái)又快又容易，一兩個(gè)小時(shí)就能讀完)”可知，SarahLozanova寫的書能讓你快速得到關(guān)于太陽(yáng)能供暖的話題。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三本書的介紹中最后一句“Theanswersarethesamelength,regardlessofthecomplexityofthequestion.(不管問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜程度如何，答案的長(zhǎng)度都是一樣的)”可知，該書的特殊之處在于答案長(zhǎng)度都一樣。故選D。BInartistRoyWang’sphotos,mythical(神話的)creaturesfromTheClassicofMountainsandSeasemergeinfrontofhistoricalsitesofGuangzhou.Theseriesofphotographsiscreatedbylightpaintinginwhichthephotographeruseslightsourcestoproducedifferentimageswhicharecapturedbyacamera,asifdrawingonthephotos.RoyWang,therepresentativefigureoflight-paintingphotographyinChina,says,“Whatattractsmemostaboutlightpaintingisthat,byusingasimplelightandagainstadarkbackground,Icanpaintinafreestyle.”Wangwasaprofessionalathlete.However,hissportscareerendedin2012becauseofinjuries.Histravelsledtohisinterestinphotography.Oncehesawlight-paintingphotosbySpanishmasterPabloPicassoonlineandwasintroducedtothetechnique.Hebegantotryinthisfield.In2013,hestartedaddingthedragonandothercreaturesfromancienttextstolightpainting.Wang’sworkisinspiredbymythicalcreaturesthataddasenseofmysterytohisphotographybutatthesametimeitprovestobedifficulttocreatesuchimageswithlight.“Themythicalcreaturesareasmysteriousaslightpainting.Theybothemergeinthedarkness,andwithoutanexactshapeorform,theyarefree.Iletloosemyimagination,basedonthedescriptionsinancientbooks,”saidWang.ToRoyWang,thetechniquehasawideapplicationinexpressingdifferentideas.Apartfrommythicalcreatures,hehasbeenshowingthemesrelevanttomorerecentevents,suchasaseriesinpraiseofmedicalworkersduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19.TraditionwillcontinuetobeacreativeforceforWangashewantstoaddmoreChineseelementsinhisworks,includinghisnextseries,creatingphotosthathavebothaesthetic(美學(xué))andculturalvalues.24.WhatisspecialaboutRoyWang’spaintings?A.Theyaremadewithlight.B.Theyaredrawnonthephotos.C.Theytellstoriesaboutancientlife.D.Theymainlyshowushistoricalsites.25.WhatinspiredWangtostarthisnewcareer?A.Suddeninjuries. B.Travelswithamaster.C.Hissportscareer. D.PhotosbyPabloPicasso.26.WhatproblemdoesWanghaveinphotographingmythicalcreatures?A.Itneedsalotoflighttodrawthecreatures.B.Therearefewspecificimagesofthecreatures.C.HistechniqueisnotsuitableforthecreaturesD.Hehaslittleknowledgeofancientbooks.27.WhatcanweinferaboutWang’sfutureworks?A.Theywillmainlypraisemedicalworkers.B.TheywillexpressWang’sideasaboutart.C.Theywillfocusonimportantrecentevents.D.TheywillcontaintraditionalChineseculture.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了光繪師RoyWang在光繪領(lǐng)域的成長(zhǎng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theseriesofphotographsiscreatedbylightpaintinginwhichthephotographeruseslightsourcestoproducedifferentimageswhicharecapturedbyacamera,asifdrawingonthephotos.(這一系列照片是通過(guò)光進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作的，攝影師利用光源產(chǎn)生不同的圖像，由相機(jī)捕捉，就像在照片上畫畫)”可知，王的作品是以光的繪畫為創(chuàng)作手段的攝影作品。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四，五句“Oncehesawlight-paintingphotosbySpanishmasterPabloPicassoonlineandwasintroducedtothetechnique.Hebegantotryinthisfield.(有一次，他在網(wǎng)上看到西班牙大師巴勃羅·畢加索(PabloPicasso)的光畫照片，初次了解了這種技術(shù)。他開始在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域嘗試)”可知，王偶然在網(wǎng)上看到西班牙大師PabloPicasso的光繪照片后，開始在這一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行嘗試。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Themythicalcreaturesareasmysteriousaslightpainting.Theybothemergeinthedarkness,andwithoutanexactshapeorform,theyarefree.(這些神秘的生物就像光畫一樣神秘。他們都出現(xiàn)在黑暗中，沒有一個(gè)確切的形狀或形式，他們是自由的)”可知，這些神話中的生物沒有確切的形狀或形式，這是它難畫的主要原因。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TraditionwillcontinuetobeacreativeforceforWangashewantstoaddmoreChineseelementsinhisworks,includinghisnextseries,creatingphotosthathavebothaesthetic(美學(xué)的)andculturalvalues.(傳統(tǒng)將繼續(xù)成為王的創(chuàng)作力量，因?yàn)樗朐谒淖髌分刑砑痈嗟闹袊?guó)元素，包括他的下一個(gè)系列，創(chuàng)造兼具審美和文化價(jià)值的照片)”可知，王將在自己的作品中加入更多的中國(guó)元素，創(chuàng)作出既有美學(xué)價(jià)值又有文化價(jià)值的作品。由此可見，他未來(lái)的作品將包含中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化。故選D項(xiàng)。CThesurfaceofMarsisetched(蝕刻)withancientrivervalleysandlakebasins,SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.Today,Marsistoocoldformuch,ifany,liquidwatertoexist,And3.8billionyearsago,whentheflowingwaterformed,thesunwasfainterthanitistoday,makingitevenhardertoimagineawarmMartianclimate,That’swhymanyresearchersthinkMarsmayhavegoneinandoutofdeepfreezes,SomeresearchershavesuggestedthatearlyMarsonlymeltwhenlargeasteroid(小行星)impactsorvolcaniceruptionstemporarilywarmedtheplanet.ButKasting,ageologistatPennsylvaniaStateUniversitythinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastvalleysthatexistonMars.Now,Kastingandhiscolleagueshavecomeupwithanalternativeexplanation:TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozenvolcanoescontinuedtoeruptthegreenhousegasescarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMarsriversandlakes.However,warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide,mitigatingthegreenhouseeffectandcoolingtheplanetbackdownagain.Thenthecyclewouldrepeat.KastingsharedhistheorywithotherastronomersattheDecembermeetingoftheAmericanGeophysicalUnioninSanFrancisco,andinthejournalEarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters.Sofar,Kasting’steamhasonlyshownthatsuchanexplanationispossible.Buttheresearcherssayfieldtripscouldhelptesttheideabylookingforevidenceofmultiplewarmevents,andtheirduration.28.WhatmaderesearchersbelievethatliquidwateronceexistedonMars?A.Thecoloroftheplanet, B.ThenaturalclimateofMarsC.Thetemperaturesofthesun. D.ThegeologicalfeaturesofMars29.WhatisKasting’stheorybasedon?A.LargeasteroidshadnoimpactonMars.B.VolcaniceruptionswereveryfrequentonMarsC.Vastvalleyscouldn’tbeformedinashortperiodoftime.D.Carbondioxideandhydrogenwereabundantintheatmosphere30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inparagraph3mean?A.Imitating. B.Reducing.C.Predicting. D.Enhancing.31.WhichofthefollowingmightconfirmKasting’stheory?A.ThefutureMarsmissions. B.Thepublicationofthejournal.C.Thedesignoftheclimatemodel. D.Thecooperationwithastronomers.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文?；鹦巧显?jīng)有液態(tài)水，這是怎么形成的呢？科學(xué)家們提出了新的理論?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“ThesurfaceofMarsisetched(蝕刻)withancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.(火星表面被古老的河谷和湖盆蝕刻，一些研究人員認(rèn)為液態(tài)水曾經(jīng)在這顆紅色星球上流動(dòng)過(guò)。)”，以及“And3.8billionyearsago,whentheflowingwaterformed,thesunwasfainterthanitistoday,makingitevenhardertoimagineawarmMartianclimate(38億年前，當(dāng)流動(dòng)的水形成時(shí)，太陽(yáng)比今天更暗淡，這使得更難想象火星有溫暖的氣候)”可知，火星表面有著古老的河谷和湖盆，故研究人員認(rèn)為火星上曾經(jīng)有液態(tài)水。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“SomeresearchershavesuggestedthatearlyMarsonlymeltwhenlargeasteroid(小行星)impactsorvolcaniceruptionstemporarilywarmedtheplanet.ButKasting,ageologistatPennsylvaniaStateUniversitythinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastvalleysthatexistonMars.(一些研究人員認(rèn)為，早期火星只有在大型小行星撞擊或火山爆發(fā)暫時(shí)使地球變暖時(shí)才會(huì)融化。但是賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家Kasting認(rèn)為，這種戲劇性事件的溫暖窗口過(guò)于短暫，無(wú)法雕刻出火星上存在的巨大山谷)”可知，地質(zhì)學(xué)家Kasting認(rèn)為，劇變帶來(lái)的溫暖期太過(guò)短暫，不足以形成火星上巨大的峽谷。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞mitigating所在句“However,warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide,mitigatingthegreenhouseeffectandcoolingtheplanetbackdownagain.Thenthecyclewouldrepeat.(然而，溫暖的溫度和充足的水也會(huì)加速某些消耗二氧化碳的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，mitigating溫室效應(yīng)，使地球溫度再次下降。這樣循環(huán)就會(huì)重復(fù))”可知，火星溫度會(huì)下降是因?yàn)榛瘜W(xué)反應(yīng)消耗了二氧化碳后，溫室效應(yīng)減少、減緩了。故劃線詞與Reducing意思相近，故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Buttheresearcherssayfieldtripscouldhelptesttheideabylookingforevidenceofmultiplewarmevents,andtheirduration.(但研究人員表示，實(shí)地調(diào)查可以通過(guò)尋找多個(gè)溫暖事件及其持續(xù)時(shí)間的證據(jù)來(lái)幫助測(cè)試這一想法。)”可知，研究人員說(shuō)，實(shí)地調(diào)查或許可以幫助證明這個(gè)理論，所以可能會(huì)在今后的火星任務(wù)時(shí)，對(duì)該理論進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。故選A項(xiàng)。DAstheWestdriesoutandheatsup,wildfiresgetbiggerandmoredestructive,officialstaskedwithpreventingandbattlingthefirescouldsoonhaveanewthingtoaddtotheirsetoftools.Thehightechhelpcouldcomefromanareanotnormallyassociatedwithfightingwildfires:artificialintelligence(AI).LockheedMartinSpaceSystemsCompany,basedinJeffersonCounty,hasdecadesofexperienceofmanagingsatellites,exploringspaceandprovidinginformationfortheUSmilitary.Bygeneratingmoretimelyinformationabouton-thegroundconditionsandrunningcomputerprogramstoprocesshugeamountsofdata,LockheedMartinrepresentativessaytheycanmaptheextent(范圍)ofafireinminutesratherthanthehoursitcantakenowTheysaytheAIthatthecompanyhasappliedtomilitaryusecanimprovepredictionsaboutafiresdirectionandspeed.“Thesituationthatwildlandfirefightersworkinisadynamicenvironmentwithmultipleactivitiesandresponsibilities,”saidDanLordan,seniormanageratLockheedMartin’sArtificialIntelligenceCenter.LockheedMartinaimstouseitstechnologytoreducethetimeittakestogatherinformationandmakedecisionsaboutwildfires.Thequickertheycanreact,thefastertheycancontrolthefireandprotectpeople’spropertiesandlives.Lockheedisworkingwithasoftwarecompanytobuildadigitalmodelofawildfirebasedonanarea’stopography(地形)conditionoftheplantswindandweathertohelpforecastwhereandhowitwillburn.Afterthe2020CameronPeakfireColorado’slargestwildfirethecompanyusedtheinformationaboutthefire,examinedthemoretimelysatellitedataonfireconditions,andgeneratedamodelthatwassimilartotheactualfire’smovement.“ApplyingAItofightingwildfiresisn’tabouttakingpeopleoutofthefield.”LockheedMartinspokesmansaid.“Somebodywillalwaysbethere,butpeoplecurrentlyinthefieldaresurroundedbysomuchdatathattheycan’tsortthroughitfastenough.That’swhereAIcanhelp.”32.WhatdoweknowaboutLockheedMartinSpaceSystemsCompany?A.Ithasgoodexperienceinfightingfires.B.Itworksonthefollow-uptofirefighting.C.ItappliedAItoitsserviceforthefirsttimeDIthasplayedpositiverolesinvariousfields.33.WhatdidDanLordanthinkoftheworkenvironmentofwildfirefighters?A.Quitecontrollable. B.Verystable.C.Constantlychanging. D.Perfectlysafe.34.WhatisAIusedforwhenpeoplefightwildfires?A.Buildingmodels. B.Processingmoredata.C.Replacingfirefighters. D.Makingfinaldecisions.35.Whichishemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AIishelpingpeoplefightwildfiresB.AIcanfightwildfiresautomaticallyC.AIisusedtofightColorado’swildfiresD.AIreplacesfiremeninfightingwildfires【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了美國(guó)西部野火連年不止，為了更快地發(fā)現(xiàn)和撲滅野火，人們使用了人工智能?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“LockheedMartinSpaceSystemsCompany,basedinJeffersonCounty,hasdecadesofexperienceofmanagingsatellites,exploringspaceandprovidinginformationfortheUSmilitary.(LockheedMartin太空系統(tǒng)公司，位于杰斐遜縣，在管理衛(wèi)星、探索太空和為美國(guó)軍方提供信息方面擁有數(shù)十年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知LockheedMartin太空系統(tǒng)公司在管理衛(wèi)星、探索太空和為美國(guó)軍方提供信息方面擁有數(shù)十年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，即在各種各樣的領(lǐng)域都發(fā)揮了積極作用；故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中““Thesituationthatwildlandfirefightersworkinisadynamicenvironmentwithmultipleactivitiesandresponsibilities,”saidDanLordan,seniormanageratLockheedMartin’sArtificialIntelligenceCenter.(LockheedMartin’sArtificial人工智能中心的高級(jí)經(jīng)理DanLordan說(shuō)：“野外消防員工作的環(huán)境是動(dòng)態(tài)的，有多種行動(dòng)和責(zé)任?！?”可知DanLordan認(rèn)為野外消防員的工作環(huán)境是動(dòng)態(tài)的，有多種行動(dòng)和責(zé)任，即環(huán)境是不斷變化的；故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““ApplyingAItofightingwildfiresisn’tabouttakingpeopleoutofthefield.”LockheedMartinspokesmansaid.“Somebodywillalwaysbethere,butpeoplecurrentlyinthefieldaresurroundedbysomuchdatathattheycan’tsortthroughitfastenough.That’swhereAIcanhelp.”(LockheedMartin公司的發(fā)言人說(shuō)：“將人工智能應(yīng)用于撲滅野火并不是讓人們離開野外?！薄翱倳?huì)有人在那里，但目前從事該領(lǐng)域的人被太多的數(shù)據(jù)包圍，他們無(wú)法足夠快地從中分類。這就是人工智能能幫上忙的地方?！?”可知人工智能用于撲滅野火，主要是能幫助人們分揀諸多的數(shù)據(jù)，即幫助人們處理更多的數(shù)據(jù)；故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段為主旨段，提到人們正在使用人工智能幫助撲滅野火的情況，而文章接下來(lái)的段落都是圍繞著人工智能被用于撲滅野火這一情況來(lái)進(jìn)行具體闡述的，故選項(xiàng)“AIishelpingpeoplefightwildfires(人工智能正在幫助人們撲滅野火)”適合作為本文標(biāo)題；故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FiveTasksforYourWinterGardenAsautumnhascome,winterisontheway.Whenitfinallyarrives,itcanbecoldoutside.However,evenablanketofsnowdoesn’tstopakeengardener.____36____.Readontofindoutsomemaintasksforwinter.BuildNewBedsIfyouliveinamoretemperatearea,youcanstartmakingnewbedsforyourvegetablegardennow.Raisedbedsareeasyandrelativelyinexpensiveifyouhaveplentyofhomemadefertilizers.____37____,youcanusuallypickitupquitecheapfromthecitylandfill.TendtoApplesandPearsWinterisfittoprune(修剪)appleandpeartrees.Youcanremovethedamagedanddiseasedbrancheswhenthetreesweredormant(休眠).____38____.____39____Frostcoveringcanbeputovercoldhardvegetablesbeforethetemperaturedropstoofartohelpkeepthoseplantshappyinwinter.FrostcoveringcanbehelpfulforBrusselsSprouts,kale,wintercabbageandleeksifyouliveinmilderclimates.TakeHardwoodCuttings(插條)____40____.Someplantsinthegardenwhichdowellwithhardwoodcuttingsincludeelderberryandcurrants.Roses,buddleia(butterflybush)andothershrubsalsopropagatebythesetypesofcuttings.A.CoverCropsB.Ifyoudon’thaveanythingtomadefertilizersC.HereareplentyofjobsyoucandointhegardenD.ManybareroottreescanalsobeplantedinwinterE.EvenifhomemadefertilizerswillbebadasitistoocoldF.PlentyofleaveshelpkeepsomehardyplantsfromfreezingG.Winterisagreattimetomultiplyplantsbyhardwoodcuttings【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.A40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了適合在冬季進(jìn)行的園藝活動(dòng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asautumnhascome,winterisontheway.Whenitfinallyarrives,itcanbecoldoutside.However,evenablanketofsnowdoesn’tstopakeengardener(秋天來(lái)了，冬天也就不遠(yuǎn)了。當(dāng)它終于到來(lái)的時(shí)候，外面可能很冷。然而，即使是一層雪也阻擋不了園丁的熱情)”和下文“Readontofindoutsomemaintasksforwinter.(往下讀，找出一些冬季的主要任務(wù))”可知，即使冬天來(lái)臨，喜歡園藝的人也有很多事情可以做。C項(xiàng)“Hereareplentyofjobsyoucandointhegarden(你可以在花園里做很多工作)”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的jobs呼應(yīng)下文tasks。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Raisedbedsareeasyandrelativelyinexpensiveifyouhaveplentyofhomemadefertilizers.(如果你有足夠的自制肥料，植栽床很容易而且相對(duì)便宜)”和下文“youcanusuallypickitupquitecheapfromthecitylandfill.(你通?？梢院鼙阋说貜某鞘欣盥駡?chǎng)買到)”可知，上文提出有足夠的肥料，植栽床很容易，而下文建議去垃圾填埋場(chǎng)購(gòu)買（肥料）。由此推知，空處應(yīng)陳述自制肥料不足或沒有肥料的情況。B項(xiàng)“Ifyoudon’thaveanythingtomadefertilizers(如果你沒有東西可以做肥料)”符合題意。故選B?！?8題詳解】空處位于段末應(yīng)承接上文，根據(jù)上文“Winterisfittoprune(修剪)appleandpeartrees.Youcanremovethedamagedanddiseasedbrancheswhenthetreesweredormant(冬天適合修剪蘋果樹和梨樹。當(dāng)樹木處于休眠狀態(tài)時(shí)，你可以移除受損和患病的樹枝)”推知，在它們的休眠期，除了移除受損和患病的樹枝外，還有一些照顧它們的方法。D項(xiàng)“Manybareroottreescanalsobeplantedinwinter(許多裸根樹也可以在冬天種植)”符合題意，trees是關(guān)鍵詞。故選D?！?9題詳解】空處為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Frostcoveringcanbeputovercoldhardvegetablesbeforethetemperaturedropstoofartohelpkeepthoseplantshappyinwinter.FrostcoveringcanbehelpfulforBrusselsSprouts,kale,wintercabbageandleeksifyouliveinmilderclimates.(在溫度下降太多之前，可以在不耐寒的蔬菜上防霜凍板，以幫助這些植物在冬天保持生長(zhǎng)。如果你生活在氣候溫和的地方，防霜凍板對(duì)球芽甘藍(lán)、羽衣甘藍(lán)、冬菜和韭菜都有幫助)”可知，本段的建議在溫度大幅下降前把植物蓋上以防止霜凍。A項(xiàng)“CoverCrops(蓋上作物)”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選A。【40題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“TakeHardwoodCuttings(采用硬木插條)”可知，本段建議通過(guò)硬木插條進(jìn)行繁育。G項(xiàng)“Winterisagreattimetomultiplyplantsbyhardwoodcuttings(冬天是用硬木扦插繁殖植物的好時(shí)機(jī))”符合題意，hardwoodcuttings是關(guān)鍵詞。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MichaelJ.Weirskyisa54-year-oldmanwhohadbeenoutofworkforoverayear.Despitethefactthatheh