Lesson

42Modern

cavemenPart1:Vocabularycaveman [?ke?vm?n] n.洞穴人pot-holing [p?t?h??l??] n.洞穴探險solitude [?s?l?tju?d] n.孤獨，寂寞lure [l??(r)] v.引誘，誘惑pot-holter adj.洞穴探險者rambler [?r?mbl?(r)] n.漫步者，散步者undertaking [??nd??te?k??] n.任務，工作foresight [?f??sa?t] n.遇見，深謀遠慮foretell [f???tel] v.預言Grenoble [gr??no?b?l] n.格里諾布爾chasm

[?k?z?m] n.斷層，裂口flaw [fl??] n.小裂縫distinguished [d??st??ɡw??t] adj.杰出的，著名的Newwordsandexpressions

Everest

['ev?r?st] n.珠穆朗瑪峰wade [we?d] v.涉水，蹚水Waterfall [?w??t?f??l] n.瀑布gear [ɡ??(r)] n.一套用具inflatable [?n?fle?t?bl] adj.可充氣的rubble [?r?bl] n.碎瓦，瓦塊insistent [?n?s?st?nt] adj.連續(xù)不斷的boom [bu?m] v.轟響waterspout [?w??t?spa?t] n.強大的水柱cleft [kleft] n.裂隙，開口cavern [?k?v?n] n.大洞穴stalagmite [?st?l?ɡm(xù)a?t] n.石筍stalactite [?st?l?kta?t] n.鐘乳石limestone [?la?mst??n] n.石灰石glisten [?ɡl?sn] v.閃爍eerie [???ri] adj.引起恐懼的，可怕的dome [d??m] n.穹窿，圓頂

1.

solitudeu.

n.孤獨，寂寞thestateofbeingalone,especiallywhenyoufindthispleasantShelongedforpeaceandsolitude.她渴望安寧，渴望獨享清靜。

2.

lurev.

引誘topersuadeortricksbtogosomewhereortodosthbypromisingthemarewardThechildwasluredintoacarbutmanagedtoescape.那小孩被誘騙上了車，但又設(shè)法逃掉了。Fewcanresistthelureofadventure.很少有人能抵御歷險的誘惑力。n.

誘惑力

3.

ramblern.漫步者，散步者towalkforpleasure,especiallyinthecountryside

WespentthesummerramblinginIreland.我們花了一個夏天漫游愛爾蘭。Hehadlosttrackofwhathewassayingandbegantoramble.他忘了自己的話題，便開始瞎扯起來。ramble

v.漫步，瞎扯

4.

undertakingc.n.任務，工作ataskorproject,especiallyonethatisimportantand/ordifficultInthosedays,thetripacrosscountrywasadangerousundertaking.那個時期，越野旅行是一件危險的事情。agovernmentundertakingtospendmoreoneducation政府增加教育經(jīng)費的承諾c.n.承諾，保證5.

foresightu.

n.預見，深謀遠慮Shehadhadtheforesighttoprepareherselffinanciallyincaseofanaccident.她有先見之明，經(jīng)濟上作了準備以防萬一發(fā)生事故。

6.

foretellv.預言Thewitchforetoldthatshewouldmarryaprince.女巫預言她將嫁給王子。fore作前綴表示預先/提前…forearmn.前臂

foreheadn.前額

foretasten.預嘗,先試

7.

chasmn.

斷層，裂口There

is

still

a

vast

economic

chasm

between

developing

countries

and

the

United

states.

發(fā)展中國家和美國之間還存在著極大的經(jīng)濟差距。8.

flawn.小細縫Theargumentisfulloffundamentalflaws.這段論述充滿根本性的錯誤。Theonlyflawinhischaracterseemstobeashorttemper.他性格中的唯一缺點好像就是脾氣急。n.錯誤，（性格中）缺點

9.

distinguishedadj.杰出的，著名的verysuccessfulandadmiredbyotherpeople

adistinguishedcareerinmedicine在醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的輝煌生涯Ifyoudescribesomeoneas

distinguished,youmeanthattheylookverynobleandrespectable.Helookedverydistinguished.他看上去非常高貴。

10.

wade

v.涉水，蹚水towalkwithaneffortthroughsth,especiallywaterormud

Hewadedintothewatertopushtheboatout.他蹚進水里把船推出來。theinsistentringingofthetelephone沒完沒了的電話鈴聲Theywereinsistentonhavingacontractforthework.他們堅持要就這項工作立一份合同。adj.連續(xù)的，不斷地11.

insistentadj.堅持的v.閃爍12.

glistenHereyeswereglisteningwithtears.她眼里閃著晶瑩的淚花。adj.引起恐懼的13.

eeriestrange,mysteriousandfrighteningIwalkeddowntheeeriedarkpath.我走在那條漆黑恐怖的小路上。Part2:ArticleCaveexploration,orpot-holing,asithascometobeknown,isarelativelynewsport.Perhapsitisthedesireforsolitudeorthechanceofmakinganunexpecteddiscoverythatlurespeopledowntothedepthsoftheearth.Itisimpossibletogiveasatisfactoryexplanationforapot-holer'smotives.Forhim,caveshavethesamepeculiarfascinationwhichhighmountainshavefortheclimber.Theyarouseinstinctswhichcanonlybedimlyunderstood.1）

asithascometobeknown正如已逐漸為人所了解的那樣2）

motives動機，peculiar特殊的3）

arouseinstincts激發(fā)本能4)

dimly模糊，原意是昏暗的ExploringreallydeepcavesisnotataskfortheSundayafternoonrambler.Suchundertakingsrequirethepreciseplanningandforesightofmilitaryoperations.Itcantakeaslongaseightdaystorigupropeladdersandtoestablishsupplybasesbeforeadescentcanbemadeintoaverydeepcave.Precautionsofthissortarenecessary,foritisimpossibletoforetelltheexactnatureofthedifficultieswhichwillconfrontthepot-holer.5）

preciseplanning周密計劃，precise原意為精密的，militaryoperations軍事行動6）rigup搭建，descent下降7）confront面對9）

thispieceofadvanceinformation事先通報ThedeepestknowncaveintheworldistheGouffreBergernearGrenoble.Itextendstoadepthof3,723feet.Thisimmensechasmhasbeenformedbyanundergroundstreamwhichhastunneledacoursethroughaflawintherocks.TheentrancetothecaveisonaplateauintheDauphineAlps.Asitisonlysixfeetacross,itisbarelynoticeable.ThecavemightneverhavebeendiscoveredhasnottheentrancebeenspottedbythedistinguishedFrenchpot-holer,Berger.Sinceitsdiscovery,ithasbecomeasortofpotholers'Everest.Thoughanumberofdescentshavebeenmade,muchofitstillremainstobeexplored.8）

undergroundstream地下暗泉，across寬，barely幾乎不Ateamofpot-holersrecentlywentdowntheGouffreBerger.Afterenteringthenarrowgapontheplateau,theyclimbeddownthesteepsidesofthecaveuntiltheycametoanarrowcorridor.Theyhadtoedgetheirwayalongthis,sometimeswadingacrossshallowstreams,orswimmingacrossdeeppools.Suddenlytheycametoawaterfallwhichdroppedintoanundergroundlakeatthebottomofthecave.Theyplungedintothelake,andafterloadingtheirgearonaninflatablerubberdinghy,letthecurrentcarrythemtotheotherside.9）

steep陡峭的，anarrowcorridor狹窄的走廊10）edgetheirway側(cè)身進11）

current水流Toprotectthemselvesfromtheicywater,theyhadtowearspecialrubbersuits.Atthefarendofthelake,theycametohugepilesofrubblewhichhadbeenwashedupbythewater.Inthispartofthecave,theycouldhearaninsistentboomingsoundwh