單元達標練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATherewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckets(桶)．Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.Everymorning,thegardenerwouldfillupthetwobuckets.Thenhewouldcarrythemalongthepath,oneoneachside,totheflowerbeds.Thenewbucketwasveryproudofitself.Itcouldcarryafullbucketofwaterwithoutasingledropspilled(溢出)．Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes:beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds,muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay,“SeehowcapableIam!Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday!Idon'tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.Whatawasteofspaceyouare！”Andallthattheoldbucketcouldsaywas,“IknowI'mnotveryuseful,butIcanonlydomybest.I'mhappythatthegardenerstillfindsalittlebitofuseinme,atleast.”O(jiān)neday,thegardenerheardthatkindofconversation.Afterwateringtheflowersasusual,hesaid,“Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.NowIamgoingtocarryyouback.Iwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.”Thenthetwobucketsdidso.Allalongthepath,theynoticed,onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried,therewasjustbare(光禿禿的)earth;ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers,leadingallthewaytothegarden.文章講述了一個園藝工人一直在使用一只破桶來澆花，以此告訴我們?nèi)魏我粯邮挛锏拇嬖诙际怯欣碛傻摹?．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?A．Great. B．Dark.C．Worn-out. D．Excellent.答案：C解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前一句和畫線詞所在句Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone，whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice，butwasnowpastitsbest.可知，該詞意思與old相近，是指這只桶是破舊的，下文Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes也給了提示。故選C。2．Whatwastheoldbucketashamedof?A．Hispast. B．Hisaging.C．Hismanner. D．Hisleaking.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes：beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds，muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.可知，舊桶對自己的漏水很羞愧，故選D。3．Thenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlyto________.A．laughattheoldoneB．takepityontheoldoneC．showoffitsbeautifullooksD．praisethegardener'skindness答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段SeehowcapableIam！Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday！Idon'tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.Whatawasteofspaceyouare！(看看我有多能干！園丁讓我每天給花澆水，真是太好了！我不知道為什么他仍然使用你。你真是浪費空間！)可推知，新桶與舊桶對話主要是為了嘲笑舊桶，故選A。4．Whywastheoldbucketstillkeptbythegardener?A．Becauseitwasusedtokeepabalance.B．Becauseitstayedinitsbestcondition.C．Becauseitwastakenasatreasure.D．Becauseithaditsownfunction.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thenthetwobucketsdidso.Allalongthepath，theynoticed，onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried，therewasjustbare(光禿禿的)earth；ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried，therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers，leadingallthewaytothegarden.可知，這只破桶也有作用和價值，因為漏水，它澆灌了通向花園的路邊的花草，故它的存在仍然是有價值的，故選D。BForeignvisitorstotheUKmightbedisappointedwhentheylearnthatnoteveryonetherespeakslikeHarryPotterandhisfriends.Usually,there'sanassumptionbymanynon-BritsthateveryoneinBritainspeakswithwhat'sknownasaReceivedPronunciation(RP，標準發(fā)音)accent,alsocalled“theQueen'sEnglish”．However,whilemanypeopledotalkthisway,mostBritonsspeakintheirownregionalaccents.Scouse,GlaswegianandtheBlackCountry—fromLiverpool,GlasgowandtheWestMidlands—arejustthreeofthecountlessnon-RPaccentsthatBritishpeoplespeakwith.Thereareevendifferencesinaccentsbetweentownsorcitiesjust30kilometersapart.WhatisevenmoredisappointingisthatnotspeakinginaRPaccentmaymeanaBritishpersonisjudgedandeventreateddifferentlyintheireverydaylife.Ina2015studybytheUniversityofNewSouthWales，videosofpeoplereadingapassageinthreedifferentUKaccentswereshowntoasecondgroupofpeople.Thegroupthenratedhowintelligenttheythoughtthereaderssounded.Thelowest-ratedaccentwastheBrummieaccent,nativetopeoplefromBirmingham,acitywhoseaccentisconsideredtheworkingclass.However,thereisnoneedtobedisappointedthoughyouarenotspeakinginaRPaccent.Infact,doing_the_oppositemayevengiveyouadvantages.KongSeong-jae,25,isanInternetcelebrityfromSeoul.AfterstudyingintheUK,hepickedupseveralregionalaccents.He'snowfamousforhisonlinevideos，whereheshowsoffthevariousaccentshe'slearned.“BritishpeopleusuallygetreallyexcitedwhenIusesomeoftheirlocaldialectwords,andtheybecomemuchfriendlier.Ithinkitmakesabitofbondbetweenlocalpeopleandforeignerstospeakintheirlocalaccent，”hesaid.Soifyou'reworkingonperfectingyourBritishaccent，trytospeaklikesomeonefromLiverpool,GlasgoworBirmingham.YoumaynotsoundlikeHarryPotter,butyouarelikelytomakemorefriends.本文主要討論有關(guān)英式發(fā)音的相關(guān)方面的問題。本文向讀者提供了一個與眾不同的建議，就是去學(xué)習(xí)英國的一些方言，這樣你可能會交到更多的朋友。5．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Non-BritsusuallyholdthatallBritonsspeakinaRPaccent.B．Only“theQueen'sEnglish”isacceptedintheUK.C．ForeignvisitorsaredisappointedattheirownspokenEnglish.D．AnyReceivedPronunciationaroundtheworldisalsocalled“theQueen'sEnglish”．答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Usually，there'sanassumptionbymanynon-BritsthateveryoneinBritainspeakswithwhat'sknownasaReceivedPronunciation(RP，標準發(fā)音)accent，alsocalled‘theQueen'sEnglish’．”可知非英國人通常認為，所有的英國人都有標準口音。故選A。6．WhatdopeoplethinkoftheBrummieaccent?A．ItisfavoredbyforeignvisitorstotheUK.B．ItisclosesttotheRPaccent.C．Itissmartandeasytounderstand.D．Itisspokenbypeopleoftheworkingclass.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thelowest-ratedaccentwastheBrummieaccent，nativetopeoplefromBirmingham，acitywhoseaccentisconsideredtheworkingclass.”可知人們認為工人階級的人說伯明翰口音。故選D。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“doingtheopposite”inParagraph4referto?A．SpeakinginaRPaccent.B．Speakinginregionalaccents.C．SpeakingtheBrummieaccent.D．SpeakinglikeHarryPotter.答案：B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上句“However，thereisnoneedtobedisappointedthoughyouarenotspeakinginaRPaccent.”可知“然而，盡管你發(fā)音不標準，也沒有必要失望”。由此推斷出此處表達的是“事實上，說地方口音甚至可能會給你優(yōu)勢”，故選B。8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．AstudyaboutthemostintelligentaccentinBritain.B．AcomparisonbetweendifferentBritishaccents.C．HowmuchBritishpeoplevaluetheRPaccent.D．Theimpactofregionalaccentsonpeople'slives.答案：D解析：主旨大意題。本文通過介紹英國標準音之外的一些方言使用情況，說明了地方口音對人們生活的影響，故選D。Ⅱ.七選五Areyoushybutyouwishyoucouldspeakoutmore?Doyouoftenfeelignoredingroupsandwanttomakeyourvoiceheard？__1__It'sdefinitelynotyourproblemthatyouwerebornabitshyerthanotherpeople,butit'ssomethingthatyoucanovercomewitheffort.Withafreshmindset(思維模式)andalittlebitofacting,youcanalsobeconfidentandactivewhencommunicatingwithothers.Becomeself-awa2__Starttothinkaboutwhatmakesyoucarefulorfearful.Knowingwhatcausesyourshynesswillhelpyoutogetoveritfaster.Also,realizethatshynessisnotapersonality—it'sjustanobstaclethatstandsinyourway.__3__Thinkaboutyouradvantagestoo.Maybeyouareshy,butyou'realsoreallygoodatobservingpeopleandunderstandingthem.Workonyouradvantages.Onceyourealizewhatyou'regoodat,workonthoseskillsevenmore.Thiscanstrengthenyourself-e4__5__A．Improveyourself-image.B．Don'tjustfocusonwhatyouneedtoimprove.C．Youdon'thavetofitinorbejustlikeeveryoneelse.D．Isyouractioninclasssufferingbecauseofyourshyness?E．Oryoumightgetnervousandquietinlargesocialsituations.F．Thismaymakeiteasiertobeginaconversationwithsomeonenew.G．Therefore，insteadoffocusingonareasyouneedtoimprove，enjoywhatyouaregoodat.本文為一篇說明文，主要講了如何克服羞怯心理使自己變得更自信。1．D解析：根據(jù)空前的兩個問句并結(jié)合選項可知，D項符合語境。2．E解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)表示你可能感到羞怯的場合，E項與空前一句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，符合語境。3．B解析：該空是本段的主旨句。由下文中的“Thinkaboutyouradvantagestoo.”可知，空處應(yīng)指不要僅僅關(guān)注你需要提高的地方。故B項符合語境。4．F解析：根據(jù)空前一句“Reallystarttryingtoempathize(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withpeople.”并結(jié)合選項可知，F(xiàn)項與上文銜接自然，邏輯一致，故選F項。5．G解析：由本段主旨句“Don'texpectperfection”可知，本段主要講不要要求完美，故G項符合語境。Ⅲ.完形填空Lastsummer,ItravelledtoMeixianCountywithmyfriends.ItisasmallcountyatthefootofTaibaiMountaininShaanxiProvince.WestayedthereforoneweekandI__1__myvacationbecauseofthebeautifulsceneryatthetopofthemountain.Iwill__2__forgetthedaywhenweclimbedthemainpeak(山頂)．The__3__inthatareachangesveryquickly:itwassunnyintheearlymorningwhenwesetout,__4__itbegantorainheavilywhenwewereonlyhalfwayup.Soon，wewereall__5__andsomeofuswantedtogohome.Theysaid,“Thereisnothingfunhere.Wecametoseethescenery,__6__thepouringrain！”However,theguidesuggested,“Sincewehavegotwetalready,whynotjustgoonwithourjourney？”Sowecarriedonupthemountainand,__7__weevennoticed,therainstoppedandthesunwassmilingagain.Whenwereachedthetopofthepeak,theviewwasunique(獨特的)．Upthere,itwasbrightandclear.Theskywas__8__andtheairwasfresh.Thegentlewindmadeusfeelcool.Allthecloudswerejustlikewavesintheocean,__9__andfallingunderourfeet.Wecouldonlyseethepeaksofmountains,asiftheywere__10__floatingsparsely(稀疏地)intheocean.Itwasareallymagicalexperience.Whilewewereenjoyingthescene,theguidesaid__11__，“Yousee,Iknewthattherewouldbenorainabovetheclouds.”Youwillneverseethesun__12__youdon'ttryyourbesttoclimbtothetopofthemountain.Ifwehadstoppedandgonehomewhentherainwasveryheavy,wewouldneverhaveseenthebeautifulscenery__13__theclouds.Ithinkthisisalsotrueinlife.Asthesongsays,“Youwon'tseetherainbowunlessyouhavegonethroughthethunderandstorm.”Ithinkinthe__14__，wheneverIhaveanydifficultiesinmylife,IwillremembertheviewfromthetopofTaibaiMountainandthe__15__whichtouchedmyheartdeeply:Thereisnorainabovetheclouds.本文是一篇記敘文。作者和朋友們在山中旅行，大雨不期而至。在導(dǎo)游的勸說下，大家繼續(xù)登山，不知不覺中，雨停了，景色也更美了。通過這次經(jīng)歷，作者深切感悟到“不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨，怎么能見到彩虹”的道理。1．A.spent B．killedC．had D．enjoyed答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.spent花費；度過；B.killed殺死；C.had擁有；D.enjoyed欣賞；喜歡。由下文中beautifulscenery可以推斷出作者很喜歡自己的假期。故選D。2．A.ever B．neverC．certainly D．perhaps答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.ever曾經(jīng)；B.never從不；C.certainly當然；D.perhaps也許。通過下文可知，作者的這次經(jīng)歷對他來說收獲很大，因此印象深刻，永遠不會忘記。故選B。3．A.scenery B．cloudC．sky D．weather答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.scenery景色；B.cloud云；C.sky天空；D.weather天氣。由下文所介紹的早晨天氣晴朗，半路上則大雨傾盆，可以推斷出天氣變化無常。故選D。4．A.so B．whileC．but D．though答案：C解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。A.so因此；B.while當……時候；C.but但是；D.though盡管。由上下文可知，存在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。5．A.tiredB．hungryC．a(chǎn)ngryD．wet答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.tired疲憊的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.angry生氣的；D.wet濕的。由常識可知，被雨淋的結(jié)果當然是渾身濕透了。故選D。6．A.not B．noC．never D．hardly答案：A解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.not不；B.no沒有；C.never從不；D.hardly幾乎不。有人堅持要回去的理由是“我們是來看風(fēng)景的，不是來淋雨的”。故選A。7．A.when B．beforeC．while D．a(chǎn)fter答案：B解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。A.when當……時候；B.before在……之前；C.while當……時候；D.after在……之后。由語境可知，我們還沒有來得及注意到，故選before。故選B。8．A.dark B．greenC．black D．blue答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.dark黑暗的；B.green綠色的；C.black黑色的；D.blue藍色的。由下文的theairwasfresh暗示出天氣晴朗，而晴朗的天氣里天空應(yīng)該是藍色的。故選D。9.A.jumping B．droppingC．going D．rising答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.jumping跳躍；B.dropping落下；C.going離開；D.rising上升。與下文的falling形成對照，表示像海浪一樣起伏的狀態(tài)。故選D。10．A.islands B．fishC．a(chǎn)nimals D．waves答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.islands島嶼；B.fish魚；C.animals動物；D.waves海浪。從后文的floatingsparsely(稀疏地)intheocean可知，云層中的山脈像海洋中的島嶼。故選A。11．A.excitedly B．proudlyC．a(chǎn)ngrily D．happily答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.excitedly激動地；B.proudly自豪地；C.angrily生氣地；D.happily開心地。下文向?qū)еv話內(nèi)容表明他的預(yù)測正確，因此講話時他自然而然帶著自豪的口吻。故選B。12．A.when B．unlessC．if D．while答案：C解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。A.when當……時候；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.while當……的時候。根據(jù)前后文可知，此處表示一種假設(shè)的情況。故選C。13．A.over B．onC．a(chǎn)bove D．under答案：C解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。A.over越過；B.on在上面；C.above超過；D.under在……下面。登到山頂，我們看到的是云層上面的景色。故選C。14．A.past B．presentC．future D．life答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.past過去；B.present目前；C.future未來；D.life生活。聯(lián)系后文“wheneverIhaveanydifficultiesinmylife,Iwillremember”可知，此處表示將來的情況。故選C。15．A.word B．phraseC．speech D．sentence答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.word單詞；B.phrase短語；C.speech演講；D.sentence句子。冒號后面是一個句子，因此本空應(yīng)選sentence。故選D。Ⅳ.語法填空Myfamilyhaslivedinonebigcityafteranotherbecauseofmydad'sjob.IlovelivinginthecitybecauseIcanfindopportunitiesforculture,__12__myfreetime,Icanvisitthemuseums,thezoo,cinemasandcommunitycenters.Icanalsoreadgoodbooksinpublic__3__(library)andbookshops.Besides,Icanvisitlovelyandpeacefulparks__4__(relax)myself.However,somepeoplewholiveinthecountrydon'tliketoliveinthecitybecausetheyfeelstressful,noisyand__5__(crowd)．Ialsolikelivinginthecountry.Icanfeedcows,goatsandchickens,andevenlearntoride__6__horse.Icanalsogoonnaturewalks,andexploreforests,cavesandbeaches.However,somecitypeoplethinkcountrylifeislonelybecausetheythinkthey__7__(cut)offfromtheoutsideworld.Theyarealsomorelikelytobelonelywhen__8__(live)inabigcity.Soitishardtodecide__910__(actual),it'snotwhereyoulivebuthowyoulivethatdecidesyourhappylife.本文是一篇議論文。文章作者通過講述自己在城市和鄉(xiāng)村的生活經(jīng)歷，說明了這樣一個道理——事實上，不是你在哪里生活，而是你如何生活，決定你的幸福生活。1．education解析：考查名詞。句意：我喜歡生活在城市，因為我可以獲得文化、教育和娛樂的機會。介詞for之后，用名詞，所以填education。2．In/During解析：考查介詞。句意：在我的空閑時間，我可以參觀博物館、動物園、電影院和社區(qū)中心。文中表示“在……期間”，所以填I(lǐng)n/During。3．libraries解析：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我也去公共圖書館和書店讀好書。文中“公共圖書館”是復(fù)數(shù)，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填libraries。4．to_relax解析：考查不定式。句意：此外，為了放松我自己，我去令人愉快和寧靜的公園游玩。文中表示“為了放松我自己”，所以用不定式作目的狀語，填torelax。5．crowded解析：考查形容詞。句意：然而，生活在鄉(xiāng)村的一些人不喜歡生活在這座城市，因為他們感覺有壓力、吵鬧和擁擠。feel是感官動詞，后面用形容詞，所以填crowded。6．a(chǎn)解析：考查冠詞。句意：我能喂牛、羊和雞，甚至學(xué)騎一匹馬。文中泛指“一匹馬”，horse的首字母發(fā)音是輔音，所以填不定冠詞a。7．a(chǎn)re_cut解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：一些城市人認為農(nóng)村生活很孤獨，因為他們認為他們和外部的世界分開了。表示主語現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時，“他們”和“分開”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，所以填arecut。8．living解析：考查非謂語動詞。live的邏輯主語是They，它們之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語，所以填living。9．whether解析：考查賓語從句。句意：很難決定城市生活是否比鄉(xiāng)村生活更好。whether...ornot是常用結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填whether。10．Actually解析：考查副詞。句意：事實上，不是你在哪里生活，而是你如何生活，決定你的幸福生活。該空位于句首，修飾整個句子，用副詞，所以填A(yù)ctually。Ⅴ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右?！癋riendsareangelswholeavemiracles(奇跡)inyourheart.”“Quiltssewnbyfriendsareatruecomfort.”．..Quiltingtookalotoftime.Butthemessagesonitfeltmeaningful.WhenIstartedmycurrentproject,Iwokeupeverydaywithnewideasandfreshenthusiasm.IreallybelievedtheimportanceofwhatIwantedtocreate,andIhadmyhusband,Claudio,cheermeon.Butthen,thingsgothard.Iinjuredmyshoulderandmyrecoverywasslow.Inthemiddleofit,IlostClaudiotocancer.ThenIwasdiscouraged,lonely,andwithoutClaudio'ssupport.Facingdownthehalf-finishedquiltinmysewingroomonemorningsoonafterhisdeath,Icouldhardlygathertheenergytosewit.Thequiltwasmeanttobeawaytokeepmyoldnursingclasstogether.We'dgraduatedfromMercyCollegeofOhioover40yearsbeforeandquicklyworkedalloverthecountry.Ialwaystriedtofindwaystoconnecteveryonetogether,butnothingeverseemedtoworkout.IknewIneededtofindaconnectiontoshareatadistance.Ithoughtaboutaquilt.Igotint