初中英語Sendapostcard寄明信片SpoilV.使索然無味,損壞Italy(Italian)意大利Museumn.博物館Publicgarden公園Lendv.借給Makeadecision做決定Singleadj.唯一的,單一的Wheredidthewriterspendhisholidayslastsummer?HespenthisholidayinItalianlastsummer.Whydidn’theenjoyhisholidays?Becausehethoughtaboutpostcardseveryday.Whatdidhedoonthelastdayofhisholidays?Hemadeabigdecision,hebought37cardsandspentthewholedayinhisroombuthedidn’twriteasinglecard.Postcardsalwaysspoilmyholidays.Don’tspoilthepleasure.Youshouldnotspoilyourchild.Ivisitedmuseumsandsatinpublicgardens.AfriendlywaitertaughtmeafewwordsofItalian.I’dliketosayafewwordsonthetopic.CanIhaveawordwithyou.Ididn’twriteasingleword.Therewasn’tasinglewordonthepark.Lend;send;bring;leave;showThenhelentmeabook.CanIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?Somepeopleneitherborrownorlend.OnthelastdayImadeabigdecision.Cometoadecision.ArriveatadecisionReachadecisionHelendmeabook.Helentabooktome.Hesentmeacard.Hesentacardtome.Pleasegivemeanotherchance.Pleasegiveanotherchancetome.Heboughthissonapresent.Heboughtapresentforhisson.Canyougetmeafewstamps?Canyougetafewstampsforme.Shemademaabreakfast.Shemadeabreakfastforme.Hisunclelefthimsomemoney.Hisuncleleftsomemoneytohim.Sheshowedherfriendshernewdress.Sheshowedhernewdresstoherfriends.Unit9Whenwasitinvented?Unit3Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.UsefulexpressionsAllover,largenumbersof,nomatter,giveupEversince,sofar,cometrue,slowdown,Beproudof,speakhighlyof,notonly…butalsoBefamousfor,neither…norItisenjoyedbypeopleallovertheworld.HawaiiisfamousforitsbeautifulbeachesEveryear,watersports,especiallyswimmingandsurfingattractlargenumbersofpeopletoisland.ItisneithertoocoldnortoohotalltheyearroundTheysurfthreetimesadayifpossible,inboth

winterandsummer.Nomatterwhattheweatherislike,youcanalways…Nomatterwhat/how/when/where/whether/who

Nomatterwhat

hesays,Idon’tbelievehim.Nomatterwhotelephones,sayI’mout.Findsurfersoutridingthewaves.Thereisabigdifferencebetweenserioussurfersandso-called“beachboys”Inthemorningheworksasapart-timeassistantinasurfshop.JackBooth,A12-year-oldschoolboy,firsttriedtocrossthe..ThisisXiaoZhang,oneofmyclassmates.

OnMay17,2001,his13thbirthday,hisdreamcametrue.Theboysetoffat6:02inthemorning.Hewentonswimmingforanothertwohours.Abigcrowdofpeoplewerewaitingforhimonthebeach.Theywereveryproudoftheirson.MrPengspokehighlyofhisstudent.Heisnotonlytheprideofourschool,butalsotheprideofallthepeopleinHannan.HehasbeeninHonolulueversince.Eversince此后一直，從…時(shí)間以來。Helefthometenyearsagoandhasbeenawayeversince.IhaveknownhimeversinceIwasachild.Haveyoujustbeentothecomputerroom?Wherehashegone?HehasbeentoShanghai.HehasgonetoShanghai.thenheslowdownasthewindbecamestrongerAndthewaveshigher.Thetrucksloweddownasitcamenearthegate.

A:slowdown!Ican’tcatchupwithyou.B:OK,I’llslowdown.Slowdown=slowupHisteacher,MrFengspokehighlyofhisstudents.yougiveityourbestshot.Youdothebestyoucan.Shot=try,attempt,go被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語的形式是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。Hehastolookafterthelittlebaby.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Thelittlebabyhastobelookedafterbyhim.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞hasto后面的be動(dòng)詞用原形

Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Will后面用be動(dòng)詞原形Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be動(dòng)詞用is/am/are,主語是復(fù)數(shù)，因此用arewashed各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成

1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

Theyareusedforseeingthedark.2）一般過去時(shí)：Thestorywastoldbyher.3）一般將來時(shí)：Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.看一看想一想4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：Thequestionisbeingdiscussedinthemeetingroom.5）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：Thenewroadwasbeingmadethistimelastyear.6）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Thenovelhasbeenread.7)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S(主語)+was/were+過去分詞3．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S(主語)+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞4.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時(shí)：S+will+be+過去分詞5.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞6．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞7．I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+was/were+being+過去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：一般將來時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+have/has+been+P.P.S+was/were+being+P.P.

何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Mybikewasstolen．我的自行車被盜了。三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時(shí)。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測(cè)說……Itissupposedthat…四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2.Thestudentscleanthewindowstwiceamonth.Thewindows_____________twiceamonth.3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)5.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.canbeused情態(tài)動(dòng)詞7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished一般過去時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous一般過去時(shí)10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)改換下列各句：1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.Mybikewillberepairedbymyfatherforme.2.Ihavefoundmywallet.Mywallethasbeenfound.3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.Iwastoldtowaitherforher4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.Themurdererwillsurelybearrestedbythepolice.5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.Mr.Greenwasinvitedtomakeaspeech.6.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.Theirclassroomiscleanedbytheeverydaystudents.7.Youmustn’ttakethosebooksoutofthereading-room.Thosebooksmustn’tbeentakenoutofthereading-room.8.Idin’ttellyouthegirlcoulddothejob.Youwasn’ttoldbymethatthegirlcoulddothejob.10.Theyareservingbreakfastbetweensixandnineo’clock.Breakfastisbeingservedbetweensixandnineo’clock.9.DopeoplespeakEnglishinyourcountry?Englishisspokeninyourcountry?11.Hegavemeapresent.Iwasgivenapresent.Apresentwasgiventome.12.Motheroftentellsherchildrenastoryatbedtime.Childrenareoftentoldastoryatbedtimebymother.Astoryisoftentoldbymothertochildrenatbedtime.13.Youmustpayattentiontoyourwriting.Yourwritingmustbepaidattentionto.Attentionmustbepaidtoyourwriting.14.Wemusttakegoodcareofthissicklittlegirl.Thissicklittlegirlmustbetakengoodcareof.Goodcaremustbetakenofthesicklittlegirl.15.Someonehadsetfiretothehouse.Thehousehadbeensetfiretobysomeone.Firehadbeensettothehouse.練習(xí)題

1)Itissaidthatanewrobot____byhiminafewdays.

A)designed

B)hasbeendesigned

C)willbedesigned

D)willhavebeendesigned2)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilm____bythetimewegettothecinema.

A)willalreadyhavestarted

B)wouldalreadyhavestarted

C)shallhavealreadystarted

D)hasalreadybeenstarted

3)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice____ofher.

A)istaken

B)takesC)willbetaken

D)hastaken

4)Diamond____inBrazilin1971.

A)isfound

B)hasbeenfound

C)wasfound

D)hadbeenfound5)“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”“Notyet.Theroom____.”

A)hasbeenpainted

B)ispainted

C)paints

D)isbeingpainted

6)Mypictures____untilnextFriday.

A)won'tdevelopB)aren'tdeveloped

C)don'tdevelopD)won'tbedeveloped

7)Tim____sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.

A)hadbeenunemployed

B)wasunemployed

C)hasbeenunemployed

D)hasunemployed

1)C2)A3)A4)C5)D6)D7)C

8)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities____since1949.

A)hasbeenestablish

B)havebeenestablished

C)haveestablished

D)hadbeenestablished

9)I'llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere.

A)wouldbefined

B)willbefined

C)willbeingfined

D)willhavebeenfined

10)“____twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?”

A)Theyhavebeengiven

B)Ihavebeengiven

C)Iamgiven

D)Theyhavegiventome

11)Thesubjectoftheselectures____bythelecturecommittee.

A)isannounced

B)havebeenannounced

C)areannounced

D)hasbeenannounced

12)Ifoundanaspirinbottle____droppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom.A)was

B)had

C)hadbeen

D)is13)Thegoods____whenwearrivedattheairport.

A)werejustunloading

B)werejustbeenunloading

C)hadjustunloaded

D)werejustbeingunloaded

14)Ifone____bypride,hewillrejectusefuladviceandfriendlyassistance.

A)overcomesB)isovercomeC)hasbeenovercomeD)overcome

been8)B9)B10)B11)D12)C13)D14)B

15)Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem____takeninthepast.

A)wasnot

B)werenot

C)werenotbeingD)hadnotbeen

16)Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator,now____sour.

A)Ismell

B)itissmeltC)itsmellsD)itissmelling

17)Aftertherace____,thecelebrationbegan.

A)hadbeenwonB)iswonC)willbewonD)hasbeenwon

18)Hewashereforalittlewhile,butIdon'tknowswhereshe____now.

A)is

B)was

C)hadbeen

D)hasbeen

18)Theyoungteacherhas____competent.

A)beenprovedtobe

B)provedtobe

C)beenproved

D)provedbeing

19)Pluto,theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem,____photographicallyinMarch1930.

A)discovered

B)wasdiscovered

C)bydiscovery

D)whendiscovered

20)Togetabetterviewofthestage,____.

A)ourseatshadtobechangedB)ourseatswerechangedC)wehadtochangeourseatsD)ourseatswerechangedbyus

15)B16)C17)A18)A19)B20)B22)Aftersynthetic____,engineershadabetterchoiceofmaterial.

A)created

B)hascreated

C)hasbeencreated

D)hadbeencreated23)Ithinkmuchattention____yourpronunciation.

A)mustbepaidto

B)oughttobepaidto

C)mustpayto

D)shouldbepaidto24)Since1970,millionsofenthusiasts____VitaminC,whichtheybelievecanremedythecommoncold.

A)havetaken

B)havebeentaken

C)havebeentaking

D)havebeentaking25)Idon'tremember____thechancetotrythismethod.

A)havingbeengiven

B)tohavebeengiven

C)havinggiven

D)tohavegiven26)Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithoutit____.

A)know

B)beknown

C)beingknown

D)tobeknown27)Theconstructionofthelaboratory____bytheendofnextmonth.

A)mustbecompleted

B)musthavebeencompleted

C)willbecompleting

D)willhavebeencompleting

22)D23)A24)C25)A26)C27)A

28)TheywouldtellhowtheAfrican____onashiptoanAmericanport.

A)wasbrought

B)couldhavebeenbrought

C)hadbeenbrought

D)wastobebrought

29)Hedoesnotpossessabicycle,thisoneheuses____toPeter.

A)isbelongedto

B)belonged

C)belongs

D)isbelonging

30)Negotiation____againwithMoscowtomorrow,agreateventwillbediscussedthen.

A)istobeopened

B)isonthepointofopening

C)isgoingtoopen

D)opens

3