201０年11月６日北京地區(qū)學位英語考試B卷真題Queｓtｉonｓ1ｔo5ａreｂaseｄｏｎtheｆｏｌloｗingｐassaｇｅ:Breａstfeｅding(母乳喂養(yǎng))ｆoramｏnthorlongerapｐearｓtoreduceａwomａn’srisｋofｇettinｇdiabｅtes(糖尿病)laｔｅrinlifｅ,accordingｔｏanewsｔudy．Thebｒeastｆeedinｇaｎｄdiabeｔeslinkｈａsbeenrepｏrtedinotｈeｒstuｄｉes，aｃcordｉngtoresearcheｒＥleanｏrＳchｗａrz．Yet，hersｔudyｍａkeｓthｅｌiｎkeasｉertobeliｅve.ＨerｓtudyispｕbｌisheｄinajouｒnalofmeｄicineｉnAmeｒica．Sｃhｗaｒzandhｅｒｃｏlｌeａgueｓｌoｏkedatdaｔａabｏutbrｅastfeedingｐｒacｔｉces.Tｈeyevａluａt(yī)edｄataoｎ２，2３3womenfｒomCaｌifｏrｎiａ.Ofthose,4０５wｅrenｏｔmｏthers，１，1２5ｗｅremotheｒｓwｈobrｅastｆedfｏｒａt(yī)leasｔａmｏnth,and703ｗeremotherswhohａdnｅvｅｒbｒｅasｔfｅd.Ｔheywerｅ40tｏ７8yeaｒｓolｄ．AcｃｏrdｉngtｏＳchwarz’sstudy，thｅrｉskofgeｔtiｎgadiaｇnosis（診斷)ｏfTyｐe2diabetｅsforwomenwｈobreastfedallthｅirchildrenforａmontｈoｒloｎgeｒwaｓｓimｉlａｒtｏtｈatｏfwomｅnwhohadnotｇivenbirth.Ｂｕtmｏtｈeｒswhｏhaｄneverbreasｔfedwerenｅarlｙtｗiceaｓlikelｙtoｄeveｌopdiabｅtesaswomｅｎwhohadneｖergiｖenbirth.Motherswhｏneverbｒeastfedｗereabｏut1.4timｅsaｓlikelyｔodevｅｌoｐdiabｅｔｅsａswomenwhobreａｓtfeｄforonetothreemｏｎths,Schwarzfｏund.Ｗhilｅonemｏｎthofbrｅａstfｅedingapｐｅａrstomａｋeadiffｅrenｃe,Schwarｚsays,evenlongerisｂｅtter.（７６)“Previouｓstuｄieshaveｓhｏwｎｔhelongertheｍombreaｓｔｆeｅds,thｅｍorebenｅfｉtfｏrherbｏdｙ．"Manｙexpｅrｔsｒeｃoｍmendbreaｓtfeｅｄingｆorｓｉｘmｏnthｓaｎdcｏntｉnuｉngfoｒayｅａr，shesays.Ｔｈｅdiabｅtes-ｂreａstfｅｅdｉngｌinkisprｏbaｂlｙｅxplａinedbybeｌlyｆａt(yī).Moｔhers,whｏｄon’tbreastｆｅeｄ，ａｓtheygetolder,mayhaveｍｏrｅbｅｌlｙｆat,aｓbreasｔfeedｉnghelｐｓnewmｏthｅrｓtakeofｆweigｈｔ.“Bｅlｌyｆaｔinｃｒeaseｓtherｉskofdiabｅtesａsyｏｕgetolｄer,”shｅsays.Tｈeｆindｉｎgｉsn’tsｕrprisingaｔaｌl，ｓaｙsＫiｍberｌｙＧregｏｒｙ.Sｈeofｔeｎgiveｓａdvicetowomenｗhogetdiabｅtｅs(occurｒingdurinｇpregnancy(懷孕)thattｈeyaｒｅatｒｉskfｏｒlatergｅttｉngTｙpe2diaｂeteｓａndsuggeststheybreastfeeｄ．TｈenｅwfindiｎgｓｗillｐｒｏbablyｉnspiｒeGregｏrytoaddtｏtheadvｉｃｅshegivesmoms-ｔｏ-beabouｔthebｅnefitｓofbｒeａstfeeding.Sheofｔenｆocusesoｎthebｅnefiｔstothebaby.１.Accｏrdingtoｔｈｅfｉrｓｔｐaraｇraph,ｗｈicｈofthｅfｏllｏwｉngstatemenｔsｉsＴRＵE？A.Abｏｕｔｔwｏtｈousaｎｄandtｗohunｄrｅdolｄwomenｔookpaｒtinthestudy.B.EleanｏrSchwarｚ’sｒesearｃhprogｒamwaｓabｏｕtｍenandｗｏｍeｎwhoｓufferedfｒoｍdｉａbetes．C.Ｏｖｅronefifthsoｆtｈｅwｏmennevergｏｔmarｒiｅｄ.Ｄ．EleanorSchwarz’srｅsuｌｔｓseemmorereliaｂle.2．AccordiｎgtoSｃｈwarz’sfｉnｄingｓ,wｈoaremorｅlｉkelyｔogeｔdiabetesｌａt(yī)erinlife?A．Ｔhosｅｍotherｓｗhohaｄneverbrｅastｆeｄ.B.Tｈｏsemｏthｅrｓwhonevergaveｂirth.Ｃ．Tｈosemoｔｈerｓwhobreａstfedforaｍｏnth.D.Tｈosemothersｗhｏbreastfedforsixmonｔhs.3．ＷhichｏfthｅｆollｏwｉｎgstａｔemeｎtｓwoｕldSｃhwarｚagreewith?A．Bｒｅastfeedingiｓnotadviｓａｂlｅｂecauｓeｉtisnoｔgoodforaｍomｔｏkeepagｏodshａpe.B.Bｒeastfeeｄinｇcangrｅaｔlyredｕceamother’ｓchancesofgｅttiｎgallkｉndｓoｆｓeｒiousｄiｓeaｓｅ.C.Ｂreastfeedｉngforamonthishighｌyrecommeｎｄeｄ:thelongeｒ，tｈeｂetteｒ．D．Breａstfeeｄiｎgforamoｎｔhorｌonｇeｒｍakesbabiessｍａrtｅr.4.Wｈatdoeｓtｈｅａuｔｈｏrｍeａnbｙ“ｍoms-to-be”intｈelａsｔｐaｒａgｒaph?A．Wｏmｅnwhoarepregnant，eｓpeｃiａｌlｙforｔｈefirｓttiｍe.B.Woｍｅnｗhoｄreamofhaｖｉｎｇｂａbieｓforthefirｓｔtimｅ.C.Woｍenwhoalreaｄｙhaveｃｈildren.D.Woｍenｗhohaveｊｕsｔｇotbabｉesfｏｒｔhefｉrsttime.5.Whｉｃhofthefｏllｏwingisaｎａpｐｒoｐｒiａt(yī)etｉtlefｏrthiｓpassaｇe?A.BreaｓtfｅeｄingMayEnhanｃeBａｂies’ChａncｅsｏfSｕrｖiｖａｌＢ．BrｅastｆeediｎgMayLoｗerMｏmｓ’ＤiabｅtesＲiskC.BreaｓtfeeｄingＭayBecｏmｅVerｙFａｓhiｏnaｂleｉnNearFutuｒｅD.BｒeastfeediｎgMａyHelpWomeｎLoseＷeight.Pａｓｓaｇe２Questioｎs６to1０aｒeｂasedonｔhefolｌｏwingpassａge:Archaeolｏgｙ,likeｍanｙacａｄｅmｉcｗords，comesfromGrｅeｋａｎdmeａns，moreｏｒless,“thestｕｄyｏfoｌdtｈings”．Ｓo，iｔisrealｌyapａrtofｔhｅstudyofhｉsｔory.However，ｍｏsthistoｒｉansuｓepapereｖｉｄence，sucｈaｓleｔterｓ,paintiｎgsandphotoｇｒaphs,butａrchaeologistｓ（考古學家)learnfｒomtheoｂjeｃｔｓlｅftbehinｄｂｙｔhehumanｓoｆloｎgaｇｏ.Nｏrmaｌly，tｈｅsｅarｅｔhｅhardｍａt(yī)erｉalsthａt(yī)dｏn’tbreakdownordｉsapｐeaｒveryｑuickly—thingsｌikehｕmanbonesａndobｊectsmadｅｆｒomstｏneａｎdmetａl.Itisｖeｒyｕｎusｕaｌtofｉndanｙtｈiｎｇmorethanthｅhardeｖidencｅofhistory—nｏrmallｙ，tｈebacteriａ（細菌)intheaireatawayatｓoｆtｍateriａls,liｋeboｄiｅs,cloｔhesandthinｇｓmadeofwｏod.Occasioｎalｌｙ，thinｇsaredifferｅnｔ.In1９84，tｗomeｎｍａdeanａｍaｚinｇdiscｏｖeｒywhilｅwｏrkingiｎabｏｇcalleｄLiｎｄowMoss，inthenorthｏｆEnｇland.Ａbogｉsaｖerywetaｒeaｏfｅarｔｈ，ｗithalotofplaｎtsgroｗinginit.Itｃanｂeｌiｋeaverybｉｇanｄverythiｃkvegeｔaｂlesｏuｐ—ｗaｌkｉｎtheｗrｏngｐlａｃeaｎｄｙoucansinkanｄｄisappｅａrfｏreｖer.Theｍeｎwereworkinｇwｈenｏneofｔhemsaｗsometｈingstickingouｔ—ahｕｍanfoot!Naturally,theｍencalledtheｐoliｃe，whｏtｈenfoundtherestoｆtheboｄy.Wａsiｔａcaseofmｕrｄｅr？Possiｂly—buyiｔwasaｄeａｔhnearlytwｏthousaｎdyearsold.ThｅtwomｅnhaｄｆoｕndａbodyfrｏmｔhetimｅoftheＲomａnｉnｖａsioｎoｆBｒiｔain.Ｄespｉｔebｅｉngｓoold,thｉsbodyhadｓkin,muscleｓ,hairandｉnterｎａans—ｔheｓcｉenｔisｔswhｏｅxaｍｉnedhimｗｅreabletolookinsｉdetheｍan’ssｔomachaｎdfｉndtｈefｏodtｈathehａdｅａｔenforhislａstmeal!Whｙwａsthismaｎsowｅllpreseｒved?(77）Ｉｔwasbecａｕseｈewasinaverywatｅryｅnvｉronmｅnt,ｓａfeｆrｏmｔｈeｂaｃteriaｔhａt(yī)neeｄoxyｇentolｉve.Also,theｗａt(yī)ｅｒiｎtｈeboｇwaｓverｙacidｉc．Theacidｐreserｖｅｄtheman’ｓskｉｎｉｎthｅｗａｙｔhaｔanimalskinｉｓpreｓervedforleathｅｒcoatsａndshoｅs.Howdｉdhediｅ?Understandably,archaｅoloｇｉｓtsａｎdotherｓｃientiｓtｓwaｎｔedｔoknowmoｒeabｏutｔhｅperｓoｎthattｈeｙcａlled,“LindｏwMaｎ”.(78)Hishandsanｄfiｎgｅｒnaｉlsｓuggeｓｔedthatheｈaｄn’tdoｎｅheavｙmanｕalwoｒkinthiｓliｆe—heｃoｕldhavebeenarichman.Theｙfoundtｈathehａdn’tｄｉedbyacｃidenｔ.Thｅaｒｃhaeolｏｇisｔｓbelieｖethaｔheｗassａcｒificeｄｔotｈreedifferｅntgｏds．6.Wｈiｃhｌanｇuａgｅｄｏeｓｔhewoｒd“ａｒch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erｅｄD．hａvｅn’tansweｒed25.Ｄｉanafeｌtveｒyｍｕchｕpsetat_＿___tｏthｅｐarｔyａssｈehａｄｌoｎｇeｄtoｇofｏrａlｏngtimｅ．A.havinｇnｏｔｂeeninvitedB.noｔhavinｇbeeｎinｖｉtedC.notｔoｂeiｎvitｅD.tｏbｅnoｔinｖitｅd2６.Ｏnnｏａccｏunt__＿_＿heldresｐｏnsiblｅforthecaracｃideｎt,soｈeshouｌdｎotｂｅｐutiｎtoｐriｓon.A.thｅdriveｒcａｎｂeＢ．canthedriｖｅｒbeC．tｈedｒiverbｅD.bｅthedｒiver27.Alｌtｈeｋidｓaｒecryingnow.What_＿__＿ｍakeｓtheｍｓounhappｙ？A.itiｓB.ｉsｉｔC.ｉtisthatＤ.ｉsitthat28.Unfoｒtunateｌy,tｈepａcｋageIwａsexpectingwas_____ｔotｈｅwroｎgaddｒｅss.Ａ.ｗｒitｔeｎB．gｉvenC.pacｋedD.delｉvered２９．__＿_＿byalarｇeａudieｎｃe,hefelｔｖｅrynervｏusaｎddｉdn’tkｎowwhattosay．Ａ.WatchingB.ＷatｃhC.WatchｅdD．Havingwａt(yī)ｃheｄ３0.I’ｍverｙgraｔｅfuｌforｙourheｌｐaｎｄhｏpetodosomethingforｙｏｕ＿_＿__iｎthｅfｕture.Ａ.inexchaｎgeB.ｉnsteａｄC.ｉnreｔｕｒnD．inpaｒticｕlar31.Ican__＿_＿ｙoｕｔhattheａnｉｍalsareweｌlcaredforｉnoｕrｚoo,soｙｏuneｅdn’tｗoｒｒyaｂoutｔｈem.A.supposeB.assｕmeC．aｓｓｕｒeＤ．granｔ32.Thｅｄrowningboymaｄea_＿_＿_attempttｏcatchｔｈｅｒopethrｏwntｏhiｍ.A.dangerousＢ．gracｅfｕlC．gentleD.deｓpeｒate33.Iｆwe____＿earlytｏmorrｏｗmorning，wewiｌlｒeａcｈｔhecoastbｅfｏredark.A.ｔaｋeoffB．setoffＣ.ｓetupD．tａkｅup34.ＡlotofpeopleｍistaｋeJｏhnfoｒＢｉlｌbｅｃａusetｈey_＿___eachotheｒinａppｅａｒancetoomｕｃh！A.weaｖeB.utiｌiｚｅC.rｅvealD.reｓｅｍble3５．Wｈeｎｔｈeｒeareｃordialelaｔiｏｎsｂｅtweｅnthetwoｃountriｅs,wemeanthereexistsa__＿＿＿reｌationshiｐｂetweenｔhem.Ａ．fｒiendlyB．hoｓtileＣ．fertｉleＤ.cｏmplicateｄ36.Thepａt(yī)iｅnt’srecoｖerywasｖerｙｅncouraｇｉngaｓhｅｃoulｄ__＿__getｏutofｂeｄｗitｈouｔｈeｌp.Ａ．onｌyB．aｌmoｓtＣ.mｅrelyD．ｈarｄly3７.Atthejobiｎterview,Mｒ.Bｒoｗngaveａgood＿___＿ofhimsｅlｆanｄfiｎaｌlyｇotajｏbasasalｅｓmaｎ.A.ｏpinionB.ideaC.cryD.acｃoｕｎｔ38.Asiswellknｏwn,eａt(yī)ｉngtｏoｍｕｃhfatｃaｎ__＿__hearｔdiｓeaseanｄcaｕsｅhiｇhbloodpｒessure．A．addtoB.ａｔtendtoC．ｃonｔｒibuteｔoD.ａpｐlｙto３9.Acｌｕbｉsａplaｃｅｔomakeｆrequent_＿___wｉtｈfｒiends.A.accｏuntsB.aｔtemptsC.cｏnｔentｓＤ.coｎｔacｔs4０._＿___ｔhｅobｖiousdifferencesｉnｓｉzｅanｄpｏpuｌatｉon,thｅstａt(yī)esｏfＡｍｅricahａvｅmanythings＿__＿_coｍｍoｎ.A.Althouｇｈ;onＢ.Tｈough;inC.Ｄespｉte；ｉnD.Ｂecausｅoｆ;oｎ41.Scientistsｓayｉtmayｂefiveorsixｙｅａｒs＿＿___thismedｉｃiｎeistestedonhumanbeiｎgs．Ａ．sｉnｃｅＢ.bｅｆorｅC.aftｅrＤ．ｗheｎ42．Ｗiｔhｌargernumberｓofgrａｄｕatestｈaｎeｖerbｅfore,justhａvｉnｇadegrｅewilｌｎoloｎgｅrbeｅｎoughtomａkeyou___＿＿inthｅcｒowd.Ａ.stanｄｕｐＢ．staｎdbyC.sｔａndforD．ｓtaｎdout４3.Ｔhedoctoｒｔｒieｄtｏｄoaneｘperimentｔofｉndoｕtthe＿____oｆthemedｉciｎｅonthｅmicｅ.A.ｃａｕsｅＢ.resultC.ｒeasonD.effecｔ4４.Thiｓｉsonlyoneofthelaundriesiｎｔｈedistricｔ＿_＿＿_modeｒneｑｕipmｅnt．A.thatｈaｖeB.whichhaveC.thａｔhasD．ｗhathａs45.Skａt(yī)iｎgcaｎｂeｇooｄfｏｒｙou_____ｃorrｅctlｙ.A.tｈｏuｇhdoingB．ｔhｏｕｇｈdoneC.ifdoneD.ifdｏiｎgＰaｒtⅢIｄeｎtifｉｃａｔｉon（10％)Direcｔiｏｎs:EaｃｈofthｅｆｏllowiｎｇsｅｎtｅｎｃｅshaｓfoｕrundｅrliｎedpartsmarkedA，B,ＣandD.Ideｎtifytheoｎethatiｓｎｏtｃorrecｔ．TｈenblaｃｋenｔｈecorrespondinｇｌettｅroｎtheAnswerShｅet。46.Whｏhaseyescaｎｓｅewhatgrｅａt(yī)ａchievｅｍentswehavemａdｅｓinｃｅ1978.ABCD４７.Ｓｕrely,therｅarelotsoｆprｏbleｍssoｌvinginｏurｒｅsearchsoweｎeｅdtogetwellprepａrｅdｉnadｖance．ＡBＣD48.Thehａrdｅｒｈetrｉeｄ,tｈｅｍostfailureshesufferedinｈisｅarlydaysasａwriteｒ.ＡBCD４9.Idon’ｔthinkawarmwinteralｗayｓhasaｎegativｅｉnfluｅnceonoｕrlifｅ，hasｎ’tiｔ？AＢCＤ50．Wehavｅｂｅentolｄthatundernocｉrcuｍstaｎcesweｍayusethetelｅphｏneinｔheofｆiceforpｅｒｓｏｎaｌａffairs.ＡBＣD5１.AwarmthouｇhtsuｄdeｎｌｙcaｍetｏｍｅwhichIｍightusｅthepocketmｏneｙtobｕysｏmｅflｏwｅｒｓｆｏrmyＡＢCＤmother’ｓbirthdaｙ.5２．Towaitｉntheqｕeueｆｏｒｈalfａnhouｒ,ｔｈeoldｍａnsｕddenlyrｅalizedtｈathehaｄleｆtthewaｌletinｔhecar．AＢCＤ53.TheGrｅatＷaｌlisｓoawell-knoｗｎtouristattractioｎthatｍiｌｌionsofｐeopｌepourｉneverｙyear.AＢCD54.Equiｐpｅdwitｈmｏdernｆacｉlitiｅs,todａy’ｓｈosｐｉtalsａrｅｑuｉtｅｄifferenｔfroｍthatofthｅpasｔ.ＡBCD55．Weｓolｖedtheｐroblembyusinｇacｏmｐuｔerratｈeｒthａntodoiｔallbyhaｎd.ABCDPartIＶCloze(10%)Ｄireｃｔｉons:Thereａre20blanｋsinthｅｆolｌowingpａssａｇe,andforeａchblaｎkｔhｅrearｅ4choicｅｓｍarｋｅｄA,B,CandDatｔhｅendoｆtheｐassａge.YoushouldchooseＯNEansweｒthatbｅstfitｓinｔoｔhｅpaｓsaｇｅ.ThenblacｋenthecorrespｏnｄingleｔｔerontheAnｓwｅrSｈeｅt．WｅhavｅquiｔｅａbitoｆinformaｔｉonaboｕtaｎcientＥｇyｐtiaｎｍedicｉｎｅ.Ｄocｔｏrｓ’instruｃｔionshaｖebeenfouｎdｔotelluｓ_＿56＿__tｈｅydidforthesｉcｋａｎdtｈeinjured._＿57_＿＿ｍanｙoｆthｅtreaｔmentsinclｕｄeｄmaｇic,ancientEgｙptianｓusedplａntｌeavesanｄｏthermetｈodstoｔｒeatmany＿_５８__＿．Ｒeligion,ｍagicａndmｅdｉｃineｗere__59_＿_relatediｎancienｔＥgypt.Ｓｏmeprieｓｔs(牧師)werｅsｐecially_＿６0＿__ａsdocｔorsｔo_＿61＿__thesicｋanｄｔｈeinjuｒeｄ．Doctorｓwｅreheldｔoaｈiｇｈmorａlstaｎdａｒd．Patiｅｎtｓｗastreatｅdwiｔh＿＿62_＿_ａndtｈeiｒ__６3__＿iｎｆorｍatiｏnwashｉghｌysｅcret.Ｔheｈｉgｈest-rａnｋinｇdoｃｔorswerｅｐrieｓtsｏfthｅｇｏddｅssSｅｋhmet,＿_＿64＿_cｏntrollｅｄiｌlnｅｓsｅs.Ｄoｃｔｏrssｐentaparｔeachyear_＿6５___thｅgodｄeｓs.Ｄoctorｓｗereｔｈoｕｇhttobe_＿_66__tothｅgoｄsandaｂletoａskｔhemｆorｈeaｌing.Temｐleswerecentersｆorheaｌｉng.__6７___ａperｓonwａｓilｌ,heorsheｗouldｃomｅtｏｔhetｅmpleor__68___adocｔoｒforaｄiagnosis(診斷).A(ｎ)__６9＿__ｐrｏblemｗasnot＿＿70_＿_,ｔheｄiagnosiｓwouｌｄbｅthａt(yī)theillｎeｓsｗaｓｃauｓedbｙanevｉlｓpirｉtoｒcｕrse．Tｈedoctｏrwoulduｓｅmaｇiｃspeｌlsｔｏ__71___acｕｒe.__72__＿,adｉａgnosiscoulｄnotｂｅrｅａｃhed．__73___ｔhiscａsｅ,apatieｎtwoｕｌdbeｔolｄtorestforaｐeriｏdｏftime＿_７４＿＿_aｎoｔherｅxaminatiｏncｏuｌｄｂｅ_＿7５___.56.A.thatB.whｙC.ｗhatＤ．which57.Ａ.WｈeｎB．AlthougｈＣ.SｉnceＤ．Aｆter5８.Ａ.damagesB.disｅａｓｅsＣ.ｄｉsａstersD.destruｃtｉｏns５9.Ａ.harｄlyＢ.cｌoseｌyＣ.mainlｙD.shoｒtｌy60．A.ｔraｉnedＢ.deｓignｅdC.planedD.ｓtudied61.A.looktoB．ｃoｍetｏC.careｆｏｒＤ.sｅarｃhfor62．A．ｒeputationB．resｐｅctC.ｆaｍｅD.inspectiｏn63.A.iｌlB.oｗnＣ．hiddeｎＤ.peｒsｏnal6４.A.tｈatB.whｉchC.whoD.ｗｈaｔ65.A.servingB．readｉnｇC.lｅarninｇＤ.fｏlloｗｉng６6.A.carｅｆｕlB.genｅroｕsC.ｍｅanD.ｃｌose６７.A.BeforeＢ.ＷｈｅnC.ＵntｉlD．Sincｅ68.A.ｔhｉｎkoｖeｒB.aｐpｌytoC.callforD.makeｕp69.A.ｓｅrｉoｕｓB.internaｌＣ.ｏddＤ.oｂｖious70．A.dｉｓｃｏｖｅｒedＢ．treatedC.cｕredD．aroused71.A．bｒingａbｏuｔB．setoｕtC.insistonD．mａｋeup７２.A.SubsequentlyB．