高考英語語法真題詳解-構(gòu)詞法[感悟高考]單句語法填空1．Then，handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof________(achieve)．(2016·全國Ⅱ，62)2．SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，wholivedfromroughly551to479BC，influencedthe________(develop)ofchopsticks.(2016·全國Ⅲ，48)3．Chinesescientists________(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.(2016·四川，62)4．Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.(2016·全國Ⅲ，46)答案1.achievement2.development3.recently4．gradually[考點(diǎn)清單]考點(diǎn)一派生法規(guī)則?形容詞變副詞的后綴在形容詞后加-ly可變成相應(yīng)意義的副詞直接加-lyextreme→extremely尤其，非常stupid→stupidly傻地改y為-ilyhappy→happily快樂地merry→merrily快樂地去e加-lytrue→truly真地規(guī)則?形容詞變名詞的后綴后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage不足；短缺-cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性-domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom明智；智慧-encedifferent→difference差異silent→silence沉默-nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點(diǎn)careless→carelessness粗心大意-thstrong→strength力氣；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)wide→width寬-y-ty-itydisable→disability無能；殘疾responsible→responsibility責(zé)任規(guī)則?動(dòng)詞變名詞的后綴后綴例詞-alapprove→approval贊成；批準(zhǔn)arrive→arrival到來-anceappear→appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌perform→performance表演；節(jié)目-enceexist→existence存在；生存refer→reference參考；查閱-ionconstruct→construction建設(shè)evaluate→evaluation評(píng)估-ationconsider→consideration考慮imagine→imagination想象力-(s)siondiscuss→discussion討論；辯論admit→admission接納；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)-inghear→hearing聽力；聽覺begin→beginning開始-mentargue→argument辯論；論據(jù)equip→equipment設(shè)備-urefail→failure失??；沒做到press→pressure壓力-turemix→mixture混合；混合物depart→departure離開；出發(fā)-yrecover→recovery恢復(fù)；痊愈discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)其他vary→variety多樣化；種類tend→tendency趨向；趨勢規(guī)則?表示“人”的后綴在某些形容詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞后面加后綴變成具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人。常見的表示“人”的后綴有：后綴例詞-ervillage→villager村民strange→stranger陌生人-arlie→liar說謊者-eeemploy→employee受雇者；雇員interview→interviewee被面試者-orinvent→inventor發(fā)明家educate→educator教育家；教師-esssteward→stewardess女乘務(wù)員host→hostess女主人；女主持人-eseChina→Chinese中國人Japan→Japanese日本人-anAmerica→American美國人Australia→Australian澳洲人-ianhistory→historian歷史學(xué)家politics→politician政治家；政客-istspecial→specialist專家tour→tourist旅行者；觀光者-antparticipate→participant參加者assist→assistant助手；圖書管理員規(guī)則?動(dòng)詞、名詞變形容詞的常見后綴后綴例詞-ableaccept→acceptable可接受的comfort→comfortable舒適的-alperson→personal個(gè)人的；私人的nature→natural自然的；天生的-fulhope→hopeful有希望的peace→peaceful和平的-edconfuse→confused感到困惑的bore→bored感到厭倦的-ingsurprise→surprising令人驚訝的convince→convincing令人信服的-ibleaccess→accessible容易到達(dá)的；容易取得的horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的-iveeffect→effective有效的；生效的instruct→instructive有教育意義的-ousanxiety→anxious憂慮的curiosity→curious好奇的-sometire→tiresome令人厭倦的trouble→troublesome麻煩的-ytaste→tasty美味的；可口的wealth→wealthy富裕的；豐富的dirt→dirty有灰塵的；臟的-erneast→eastern東方的；向東的west→western西方的；向西的-ishfool→foolish愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish自私的-icscience→scientific科學(xué)的history→historic歷史上著名的-aryimagine→imaginary想象中的規(guī)則?表示否定或相反意義的前綴和后綴前綴例詞dis-advantage→disadvantage缺點(diǎn)comfort→discomfort不舒適il-legal→illegal不合法的logical→illogical不合邏輯的im-patient→impatient不耐煩的moral→immoral不道德的in-formal→informal非正式的convenient→inconvenient不方便的ir-regular→irregular不規(guī)則的responsible→irresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的mis-lead→mislead誤導(dǎo)understand→misunderstand誤解un-willing→unwilling不愿意的happy→unhappy不高興的后綴例詞-lesshope→hopeless絕望的care→careless粗心的規(guī)則?變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴前綴例詞en-large→enlarge擴(kuò)大rich→enrich使充實(shí)；使豐富后綴例詞-enbroad→broaden使變寬hard→harden使變硬-ifyclass→classify把……分類beauty→beautify美化-izeapology→apologize道歉emphasis→emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)考點(diǎn)二轉(zhuǎn)化法不改變?cè)~形，把一個(gè)詞由一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)用為另一種詞類的方法叫轉(zhuǎn)化法。動(dòng)詞→名詞walk→takeawalk散步swim→haveaswim游泳名詞→動(dòng)詞bookn．→v.預(yù)訂milkn．→v.擠奶形容詞→動(dòng)詞slowadj.→v.減慢narrowadj.→v.使變窄；(差距等)縮小形容詞?副詞hardadj.困難的?adv.努力地highadj.高的?adv.高deepadj.深的?adv.深wideadj.寬的?adv.廣闊地[針對(duì)訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis，noknowledgeis________(use)．2．________(curious)，Igavehimmyfullattention.3．However，MareVanRijsselberg，afarmerintheNetherlandsisnowusinga________(mix)ofseaandfreshwatertogrowhealthyandtastyvegetables.4．Butsuchasmallthingcouldn't________(possible)destroyavillage.5．JustimaginehowterriblyshyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyesfixeduponme.Ihadnoother________(choose)，though.6．Thatlittleactof________(kind)madeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood—butitmademefeelthebestofall!7．Hesankinto________(depress)whenbothhisparentslefthimandwenttothesouthinsearchofabetter-paidjob.8．Severaldayslater，outofmy________(expect)，IsawitquietlystandinacornerofthehousewhereIworked.Iwasextremelygladtoregainit.9．AsfarasIamconcerned，my________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.10．Inaddition，therewerenoclaimsagainstthe________(lose)of50coinsandIorderthegirlandhisfathertotakethose50coinsasappreciationfortheirhonesty!答案1.useless2.Curiously3.mixture4.possibly5．choice6.kindness7.depression8.expectation9．suggestion10.lossⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每句僅1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.2．DadandIwereterribleworried.3．Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass，Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.4．Thefruitsaresmallinsize，butjuicyandtaste.5．Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!6．TheEmperoropenedhiseyeswidelybutstillsawnothing.7．Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.8．Thatistoomuchforus，consideringhowcloselythehousesare.9．Ifoundthetestdifficult，butItriedhardlytodoit.10．Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.答案1.helpfully→helpful2.terrible→terribly3．easy→easily4.taste→tasty5.wonderfully→wonderful6.widely→wide7.previous→previously8．closely→close9.hardly→hard10.impatiently→impatientⅢ.語篇填空(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)Thespeechseemedtobe__1__(stop)andthelistenersbecamevery__2__(patient)．Whenthe__3__(speak)saidthatoilwasnon-renewableandthatthebestwayto__4__(solution)theproblemwasnottomakecarsandbusesbuttoforcepeopletogo