第頁云南省高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷(帶答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級(jí)：___________姓名：___________考號(hào)：___________一、閱讀理解FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.Musicissocommonandwidespreadthatmostpeopledon’tevenquestionitanymore.Butuntilrecently,therewereresearcherswhodoubtedit:Howcouldweknowthatmusicwasreallyapartofallknownsocieties?Now,Harvardresearchers,SamuerMehrandManvirSingh,havefoundfurtherevidencetosupporttheargument.Theygatheredmusicfromdifferentcountries,mediaandtimeperiods,andcollecteddescriptionsofmanydifferentpiecesofmusic.Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties,andfoundthatallofthemhavemusicaspartoftheirculture.Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhichpeopletriedtoguessthebehavioralcontextofasong.Thiswentsurprisinglywell.Particularlymusicthatwasintendedfordancingortocalmababywereeasytorecognizeaseitherdancemusicorlullabies.Lovesongswereabitmoredifficulttoqualify,becausetheytendtobeverydiverseevenwithincultures.Thissystematicstudyofconnectionssoundslikethewaythatresearchersinotherfieldswouldstudybiologicalpatterns.“There’safieldknownasculturalphylogenetics,”saysSingh.Whereasbiologicalcharacteristicsareonlyreceivedfromparenttochild,culturalcharacteristics(likemusic)arealsosharedbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.Thatmakesitmuchmoredifficulttofigureoutwherethecharacteristichascomefrom.“Finally,”Singhsays,“Westilldon’tknowwhymusicdevelopedgradually.Ourstudyshowsthathumanseverywheresharecognitivemechanisms(認(rèn)知機(jī)制)thatmakecertainsoundsseemappropriateinparticularcontexts.”1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph1referto?A．Thefactthatmusicispartofeveryculture.B．Thequestionwhethermusiciswidelyspread.C．Thedoubtwhetherfurtherresearchhasbeendone.D．TheideathatAfricaandtheArctichavecoolmusic.2．WhatdidMehrandSinghdofirst?A．Theyfoundoutfurtherevidence. B．Theystudiedvarioussocieties.C．Theysoughttheoriginsofmusic. D．Theyfocusedmainlyonmusic.3．What’sthepurposeofthelisteningexperiment?A．Tocomfortababy. B．Topickoutlovesongs.C．Tocreateacontext. D．Totellfunctionsofsongs.4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Musicshapessocietiesindifferentcultures.B．Globalmusicsharescommoncharacteristics.C．Musicalsystemsdisplayculturaldifferences.D．Multi-cultureisbasedonbiologicalpatterns.Awomanwholostonelegtocancerisseekingtobreakaworldrecordbycompleting102marathon-lengthrunsin102days.JackyHuntBroersma,wholostthebottomhalfofherleftlegtoarareformofcancerin2001,sethergoalinmid-January.Andeverydaysincethen,shehasbeenrunningthedistanceofamarathon.“Partofmybodywasgone.Formethemostdifficultproblemwasacceptingmydisability,”shetoldthereporter.Untilfiveyearsago,shewasnotveryactive.Butthenshelookedintorunninganddecidedtogiveitatry.Thesportendedupbeingquitecostly.Currently,thecarbonfiberbladesheuses,whichisdesignedspecificallyforrunning,costsabout$10,000.“Runningreallychangedmylife,”shesaid.“Ithelpedmeacceptmyselfasapersonwithdisability.Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.IfellinlovewiththeprocessofpushingmybodyfurtherjusttoseewhatIcoulddo.”However,shehasfacedbothphysicalandmentaldifficultiesduringherrecord-breakingattempt.Ononerecentday,HuntBroersmafeltbreakdownat24kilometersandbegantocry.Inthatmoment,shefeltlikeherplannedgoalmightnothappenatall.Bydividingitintolittlegoals,shefinallypickedherselfupandcarriedon.HuntBroersma’smainsupportteamisherhusbandandtheirtwoyoungchildren.Sheispostingherprogressonlineandhasalsogotalargesocialmediafollowing.Asshenearstheendofhergoal,HuntBroersmaishopingtoinspireasinglethoughtinothers:You’restrongerthanyouthinkandyou’recapableofsomuchmore.5．WhatwasHuntBroersma’sbiggestchallenge?A．Survivingcancer. B．Keepingaworldrecord.C．Livingwithdisability. D．Participatinginamarathon.6．WhatcanbelearnedaboutHuntBroersmafromParagraph3?A．Shespentmuchmoneyonrunning. B．Runninghelpedherovercomethedisease.C．Runninggaveherfreedomfromherhousework. D．Shewasenthusiasticaboutrunning.7．WhydidHuntBroersmabreakdownoneday?A．Shedidn’tbreaktherecord. B．Herfamilydidn’tunderstandher.C．Shelostthechancetotakepartinthemarathon. D．Shefelthopelessabouthergoal.8．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingHuntBroersma’sstory?A．Losttimeisneverfoundagain.B．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C．Morehaste,lessspeed. D．It’snevertoolatetomend.Singaporeistryinganewwaytogetitsresidentstostayawayfromeachother.ThegovernmentannounceditwouldstartusingSpot,BostonDynamics’famousyellowandblackrobotdoginalocalpark.Authoritiessaidthefour-leggedrobot“dog”willpatroltheareaandbroadcastaprerecordedmessagetovisitorstoremindthemoftheimportanceofsocialdistancing.Thedevicewillalsobeequippedwithcamerasthatwilllookatthesurroundingscarefullyandhelpofficialscalculatethenumberofpeoplegatheringinparks.“Thesecameraswillnotbeabletotrackorrecognizespecificindividuals,andnopersonaldatawillbecollected,”thegovernmentsaid.ThenewmeasureisanexperimenttoimproveenforcementofsocialdistancingthroughoutSingapore.Thepilotprojectisputintotrialusefortwoweeksatoneparkduringoff-peakhours.Butifallgoeswell,authoritieswillconsiderexpandingtheprogram.Thegovernmentsaysit’salsousingSpotinanothercapacity-atalocalisolationfacilitywheretherobothelpspatientscarrymedicine.Spotwentviralalmostovernightinaseriesofonlinevideosseveralyearsago,showingthatitcouldrunuphill,climbstairsorevengetyouadrink.Itisgenerallyusedforinspectionsonconstructionsitesorsimilarsituations,accordingtoBostonDynamics.Italsohasbeenusedforpublicsafetyreasons,suchashelping“inspectdangerouspackagesfromlong-distance,”thecompanystatesonitswebsite.Singapore’sgovernmentsaidthatithadpickedthemodelforitsflexibility.“Unlikewheeledrobots,Spotworkswellacrossdifferentterrainsandcannavigateandavoidobstacleseffectively,makingitidealforoperationinpublicparksandgardens,”itnoted.Fornow,atleastoneparkrangerwillbepatrollingtheareaalongwiththerobot,accordingtoauthorities.9．WhatisSpotemployedforinaparkinSingapore?A．Isolatingpatients.B．Inspectingdangerouspackages.C．Helpingenforcesocialdistancing.D．Trackingandrecognizingspecificindividuals.10．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A．Apilotwilloperatetherobotdog.B．Thegovernmentisexpandingtheproject.C．Spotisbeingusedinhospitalstohelppatients.D．Spotdoesn’tpatroltheparkduringrushhours.11．WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymeaninParagraph4?A．Wascreated. B．Becameahit. C．Wentpublic. D．Soldout.12．WhyhasSingapore’sgovernmentchosenSpot?A．Ithasgreatadaptability.B．Itisequippedwithcameras.C．Itisnotlikeawheeledrobot.D．Itworkswellfromlong-distance.Oneofthebiggestproblemswhenwearetalkingistheawkwardsilence.Encounteringthissituationissouncomfortablethatyouwouldavoidmeetingnewpeopleinthefirstplace.Inthepast,IstruggledwiththisandIeventhoughtithadtodowithmyDNAorsomething…ButlaterIlearnedthatonceyouknowhowtokeepthosewordsflowing,youcanmeetandtalktoanyoneyoulike,whichhelpscreategreatpossibilitiesforfriendship,funandsharedactivitiesthatyouwouldotherwisehavemissedouton.Afterstudyingthisindepth,Ihaddifferentopinionsandfoundthatoneofthesecommonbehaviorsisthehabitoffiltering(過濾)—holdingbackfromsayingsomethinguntilyou've"checked"tomakesurethatwhatyou'reabouttosayiscool,impressiveandinteresting.Anotherproblemisnotlearningtogetinthemoodforconversation.Ifyoudon'tknowhowtochangefromsubjects,thenitcantakealotoftimetowarmup.Itisthereflex(習(xí)慣性思維)thatallowsyoutosaywhatevergoesoninyourmind.It'sfuntorealizethatyou'reallowedtosaywhateverisonyourmind.Aslongasyoudon'tsayanythingthatcouldlandyouinjail(監(jiān)獄).Allofthe"Oh!That'sinteresting…""Hmm,I'veneverheardofthat""Hmm,cool!"expressionsarereactionary(保守的)bitsofconversationthatprovetotheotherpersonthatyou'rereallylistening.Thisworks99%ofthetime.So,ifyoushowsomeinterest,they'llhangaroundandwanttotalktoyouevenmore.Everyoneknowsthatstoriesjuice-upconversations,butmostpeopleonlytalkaboutstoriesoftheirownlives.Whensomeonementionssomethingrelatedtoanyofthem,justtellthestory,evenifit'snotfromyourlife.Themoreinteresting,strangerormorefrighteningtheyare,thehardertheyaretoforget.13．Ifpeoplecandealwiththeawkwardsilence,theycan_____.A．traintheirworkingskillB．improvetheirlifequalityC．enrichtheirsociallifeD．establishtheirworkingrelationship14．Whentalkingwithothers,weshould_____.A．tocoolB．thinktwiceC．befreetoexpressD．a(chǎn)voidbreakingin15．Accordingtothepassage,whatdothespeakerscaremuchabout?A．Theattractivetopicsofconversation.B．Theatmosphereoftheconversation.C．Thelistener'sexperiencesandtastes.D．Thelistener'scuriosityandconcern.16．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"juice-upconversations"mean?A．makingconversationsmoredifficultB．makingconversationslivelierC．makingconversationssmootherD．makingconversationsmorerelaxing二、七選五HowtoGetOtherstoHelpYouatWorkUnavoidably,atworkyouwillneedthehelpofothers.Gettingthishelpmayhavelesstodowithyourformalpositionandauthorityandmoretodowithyourstrategyandapproach.17.Definewhatneedstobedone.18.Bydefiningallthetasksrequired,youincreasethechanceofsuccess.Besuretoincludeintroductionsanddeadlinesasyoudefinespecificactionitemsthatareneeded.Askanindividualforhelp.Whenyoumakeageneralrequestforvolunteersduringameeting,colleaguesoftenunderstanditas“whoeverdoesn’thavemuchofanythingtodocanworkonthis.”19.However,ifyouthinkaboutwhomightbestbeabletohelpwithataskandthenspecificallyaskthatpersonforhelp,yourchancesofgettinghimorhertoacceptthetaskincreasegreatly.Thankothersfortheirassistance.Alwaysthankandacknowledgeothersfortheirhelp.20.Inaddition,youwilllikelybeabletocallonthepersonagaininthefutureforassistance.Butrememberthatreturnthefavorwhenheorsheneedsyourhelp.Suchreciprocal(相互的)behaviorcouldleadtovaluablealliance.21.Ifyou’recongratulatedforajobwelldone,letyourbossesknowwhohelpedyoudoit.Givingpraisetothosedeservingitwillnotonlypleasethem,butwillimpressthebossesintoconsideringyouforfuturepromotion.Afterall,thebestmanagersremainthosewhoarebestatgettingotherstohelpthemcompletetheirworkforthecommongood.A．SharethehonorB．UncleargoalsleadtounclearresultsC．LeaveagoodimpressiononyourbossesD．SoyoushouldtaketroubletoaskwhoarefreeE．ThepersonwillfeelthathisorhertimeandenergywereworthwhileF．YouropportunitiesofgettingsomeonetovolunteerthustendtobeslimG．Theycanrangefromasimplefavortoconvincingotherstoacceptyoursastheirown三、完形填空Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan’tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor22athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson.“Mysonhas23inlearningandcan’tevenplaybaseball.Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing24.”AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he25hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa26andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa27onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand28thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame29anyonemakes.Everytimehe30thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather’sfacebecamered.Atthis31thedoctorshoutedathim,“Hurryup!Whyareyou32solong?Youcan’tdosuchan33thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”These34madethefatherveryangry.“Nowyoucan35,can’tyou?”Thedoctorsaidtohim.“Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.”36thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.22．A．testing B．a(chǎn)cting C．teaching D．playing23．A．confidence B．interest C．experience D．difficulty24．A．returns B．helps C．a(chǎn)ppears D．remains25．A．waitedfor B．searchedfor C．believedin D．calledin26．A．mirror B．television C．painting D．desk27．A．face B．line C．number D．star28．A．remove B．follow C．cross D．cut29．A．decisions B．choices C．mistakes D．patterns30．A．touched B．dropped C．moved D．sharpened31．A．speed B．corner C．end D．point32．A．staying B．taking C．preparing D．writing33．A．easy B．important C．obvious D．exciting34．A．ideas B．words C．questions D．instructions35．A．relax B．leave C．understand D．promise36．A．InterestinglyB．Absolutely C．Suddenly D．Unfortunately四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AncientChina’smostfamoustravelwriterandgeographer,XuXiakecontributestoJiangyin’spopularity.As37hometownofXuXiake,Jiangyinhasmadeitamoderndestinationfortravelers38homeandabroad.Butancient39(adventure),XuXiake,remainsthemainreasonwhypeoplecomethere.Sofar,theTravelDiaryofXuXiake40(read)widely.XuXiakespentoverthreedecades41(travel)throughout16provinces,describinghisexplorationsindetail.Hisdiariesbelongtothecategoryoftravelliterature,42isknownnotonlyfortakingtravelasitssubjectbutalsodescribingtheauthor’s43(experience).XuXiakewasborntoawealthyfather,who44(prefer)naturetopower,andlandscapesoverofficialpositionsinparticular.XuXiaketookafterhisfather.Heenjoyedbooksonhistory,geographyandadventure.45(obvious)heenjoyedreadingaboutChina’smountainsandrivers.Thelittlechilddecidedhewouldseethebeautifulsceneryhimself46hefinallymadeitwhenhegrewup.五、短文改錯(cuò)47．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。IwassittingatmyfavoritetableinarestaurantonlastSundaywaitingforthefoodIhadorderedtoarrive.IsuddenlyfoundthatLinLing,oneofmyclassmate,workedasawaitressthere.Honestspeaking,itwasgreatsurpriseformetofindherworkingthere.AsfarasIknow,she’sfromaricherfamily.Whatmadeherworkthere?Iwalkeduptoherbutaskedherthereason.Whenasking,shesaid,“Ijustwanttoearnsomepocketmoneysothatwecanhelpsomechildreninpoorareasgobacktoschool.”Howagoodgirl!Ishouldlearntoher.六、其他應(yīng)用文48．我校將以如何保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物為主題，舉辦英語征文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的重要性；2.如何保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物；3.保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的倡議。Howcanweprotectwildanimals?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．A2．B3．D4．B【分析】本文為議論文，介紹世界音樂的共同特征，研究人員通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在全球三百多個(gè)社會(huì)中都發(fā)現(xiàn)音樂作為了他們文化的一部分。從生物遺傳特征來講還是無法弄清楚對(duì)音樂認(rèn)知的特征來自于哪里，但人類共有的認(rèn)知機(jī)制能夠在特定的環(huán)境（如人類社會(huì)各種活動(dòng)）中賦予音樂生命力，所以，世界各地的音樂還是擁有共同的特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)成為各種文化不可或缺的組成部分。1．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.”可知，每個(gè)社會(huì)群體似乎都把某種音樂形式當(dāng)作自己文化的一個(gè)部分，由此推斷代詞it指代音樂是每種文化的一部分這一事實(shí)。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties,”可知，Mehr和Singh首先做的事情是研究全球三百多個(gè)已知社會(huì)群體詳細(xì)描述的記錄。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhich…”可知，聽樂辨析實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是看人們能否對(duì)世界各地的音樂功能加以辨別。故選D。4．主旨大意題。第一段，有研究者質(zhì)疑音樂是所有已知社會(huì)的一部分。第二段，來自哈佛的研究者們通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了所有被調(diào)查的社會(huì)群體都把音樂當(dāng)作自己文化的一部分。第三段，為了弄清人們是否能夠辨別世界各地音樂的功能，研究者們實(shí)施了聽樂辨析的實(shí)驗(yàn)，結(jié)果舞曲和搖籃曲容易辨認(rèn)，愛情樂曲稍難辨認(rèn)。第四段，生物特性只從父母?jìng)鹘o孩子，而同一代人之間也有共同的文化特征（如音樂）。這就使得我們很難弄清楚這種文化特征來自何處。第五段，我們?nèi)匀徊恢罏槭裁匆魳返靡灾饾u發(fā)展。但我們的研究表明，世界各地的人類都有共同的認(rèn)知機(jī)制，這種認(rèn)知機(jī)制使某些聲音在特定的環(huán)境中顯得很合適。綜上內(nèi)容和表述可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)中，雖然愛情樂曲稍難辨認(rèn)，很難弄清楚同一代人之間共有的文化特征（如音樂）來自何處，也不知道為什么音樂得以逐漸發(fā)展，但人類共有的認(rèn)知機(jī)制能夠在特定的環(huán)境（如人類社會(huì)各種活動(dòng)）中賦予音樂生命力，所以，世界各地的音樂自然擁有共同的特點(diǎn)，即能夠長(zhǎng)期依附于各種社會(huì)群體的各種活動(dòng)、同時(shí)成為各種文化不可或缺的組成部分。答案B具有很好的概括性和針對(duì)性。故選B。5．C6．A7．D8．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。一名因癌癥失去一條腿的女子JackyHuntBroersma正在試圖打破一項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄，她將在102天內(nèi)跑完102場(chǎng)馬拉松。文章介紹了JackyHuntBroersma的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及成就。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Partofmybodywasgone.Formethemostdifficultproblemwasacceptingmydisability,”shetoldthereporter.(她告訴記者：“我身體的一部分不見了。對(duì)我來說，最困難的問題是接受自己的殘疾?！?”可知，HuntBroersma面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是帶著殘疾生活。故選C。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Currently,thecarbonfiberbladesheuses,whichisdesignedspecificallyforrunning,costsabout$10,000.(目前，她使用的碳纖維刀片是專門為跑步設(shè)計(jì)的，售價(jià)約為1萬美元)”可知，HuntBroersma在跑步上花了很多錢。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Ononerecentday,HuntBroersmafeltbreakdownat24kilometersandbegantocry.Inthatmoment,shefeltlikeherplannedgoalmightnothappenatall.(最近的一天，HuntBroersma在24公里處感到崩潰，開始哭泣。在那一刻，她覺得她計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)可能根本不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn))”可知，HuntBroersma崩潰是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)自己的目標(biāo)感到絕望。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asshenearstheendofhergoal,HuntBroersmaishopingtoinspireasinglethoughtinothers:You’restrongerthanyouthinkandyou’recapableofsomuchmore.(當(dāng)她接近目標(biāo)的終點(diǎn)時(shí)，HuntBroersma希望能激發(fā)其他人的一個(gè)想法：你比你想象的更強(qiáng)大，你有能力做得更多)”可推知，作者想要表達(dá)“有志者，事竟成”的道理。故選B。9．C10．D11．B12．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。講述新加坡政府打算引入波士頓動(dòng)力公司(BostonDynamics)的機(jī)器狗Spot參與疫情期間保持社交距離的宣傳和管理。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。綜合第一段中的“Singaporeistryinganewwaytogetitsresidentstostayawayfromeachother.(新加坡正在嘗試一種新的方式，讓其居民彼此遠(yuǎn)離。)”和第二段的“Authoritiessaidthefour-leggedrobot“dog”willpatroltheareaandbroadcastaprerecordedmessagetovisitorstoremindthemoftheimportanceofsocialdistancing.(當(dāng)局表示，這只四足機(jī)器人“狗”將在該地區(qū)巡邏，并向游客廣播預(yù)先錄制的信息，提醒他們保持社交距離的重要性。)”敘述，以及第三段“ThenewmeasureisanexperimenttoimproveenforcementofsocialdistancingthroughoutSingapore.(這項(xiàng)新措施是一項(xiàng)旨在改善新加坡各地保持社交距離的實(shí)驗(yàn)。)”可知新加坡政府引入Spot的目的是為了在疫情期間，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化保持社交距離令的執(zhí)行。故選C項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thepilotprojectisputintotrialusefortwoweeksatoneparkduringoff-peakhours.(試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目在非高峰時(shí)段在一個(gè)公園試運(yùn)行兩周。)”可知Spot會(huì)在公園的非高峰時(shí)段工作。故選D項(xiàng)。11．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語下文中的“…almostovernightinaseriesofonlinevideosseveralyearsago,showingthatitcouldrunuphill,climbstairsorevengetyouadrink.(幾乎在幾年前的一系列在線視頻中一夜之間爆紅，顯示它可以跑上坡，爬樓梯，甚至讓你喝一杯。)”可猜測(cè)，這個(gè)機(jī)器人能做很多事情的視頻應(yīng)該是使得Spot一夜變得家喻戶曉，結(jié)合goviral的本身意思為“病毒一樣傳播”可猜測(cè)該短語的意思是“網(wǎng)紅”。故選B項(xiàng)。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Singapore’sgovernmentsaidthatithadpickedthemodelforitsflexibility.(新加坡政府表示，它選擇這種模式是為了提高靈活性。)”可知新加坡政府選擇Spot的原因是因?yàn)樗撵`活性和適應(yīng)能力。故選A項(xiàng)。13．C14．C15．D16．B【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了，我們談話時(shí)最大的問題之一就是尷尬的沉默，作者就如何讓談話進(jìn)行下去，提出了幾個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。13．推理判斷題。由第一段中的“ButlaterIlearnedthatonceyouknowhowtokeepthosewordsflowing,youcanmeetandtalktoanyoneyoulike,whichhelpscreategreatpossibilitiesforfriendship,funandsharedactivitiesthatyouwouldotherwisehavemissedouton.”（但后來我了解到，一旦你知道如何讓這些話流暢，你就可以與任何你喜歡的人見面和交談，這有助于為友誼、樂趣和團(tuán)體活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造巨大的可能性，否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過這些機(jī)會(huì)。），可得出如果人們能處理尷尬的沉默，讓談話進(jìn)行下去，他們可以為友誼、樂趣和團(tuán)體活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)，即豐富他們的社交生活。故選C項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Itisthereflex(習(xí)慣性思維)thatallowsyoutosaywhatevergoesoninyourmind.It'sfuntorealizethatyou'reallowedtosaywhateverisonyourmind.”（正是這種習(xí)慣性思維讓你能夠說出你心中的想法。意識(shí)到你被允許說出你的想法是很有趣的。），可知作者認(rèn)為習(xí)慣性思維讓人能夠說出人心中的想法是很有趣的，可得出作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)我們和別人交談時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該自由表達(dá)（想說什么就說什么）。故選C項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。由第四段“Allofthe"Oh!That'sinteresting…""Hmm,I'veneverheardofthat""Hmm,cool!"expressionsarereactionary(保守的)bitsofconversationthatprovetotheotherpersonthatyou'rereallylistening.Thisworks99%ofthetime.So,ifyoushowsomeinterest,they'llhangaroundandwanttotalktoyouevenmore.”（所有的“哦！很有趣…”“嗯，我從沒聽說過”“嗯，酷！”的表達(dá)是保守的對(duì)話片段，可以向?qū)Ψ阶C明你確實(shí)在傾聽。99%的時(shí)間都是這樣。所以，如果你表現(xiàn)出興趣，他們會(huì)繼續(xù)聊下去，更想和你交談。），可知所有的“哦！很有趣…”“嗯，我從沒聽說過”“嗯，酷！”的表達(dá)只能向?qū)Ψ阶C明你確實(shí)在傾聽，但如果想讓對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去，你要表現(xiàn)出你的興趣/好奇心，說明你關(guān)注這個(gè)話題，聊天才能繼續(xù)，可得出說話者最關(guān)心的是聽眾的好奇心和關(guān)注。故選D項(xiàng)。16．短語猜測(cè)題。由最后一段中的“Whensomeonementionssomethingrelatedtoanyofthem,justtellthestory,evenifit'snotfromyourlife.Themoreinteresting,strangerormorefrighteningtheyare,thehardertheyaretoforget.”（當(dāng)有人提到與他們有關(guān)的事情時(shí)，盡管不是你的生活，也要講故事。故事越有趣、越陌生、越可怕，人們就越難忘記。），可知故事越有趣/驚險(xiǎn)，人們就越難忘記，說明故事在談話中的重要性，它能使談話變得生動(dòng)有趣，juice-upconversations在此處意為“makingconversationslivelier（使談話更生動(dòng)）”，劃線詞語所在句子意為“每個(gè)人都知道，故事可以讓談話變得生動(dòng)有趣，但大多數(shù)人只談?wù)撟约荷钪械墓适隆?。故選B項(xiàng)。17．G18．B19．F20．E21．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了工作中需要合作協(xié)作的事情很多，而如何有效地得到他人的幫助可能不僅僅與你的職位和權(quán)威有關(guān)，更多的取決于你的策略和方法。為了獲得幫助，你應(yīng)該清楚地定義需要完成的任務(wù)，并明確要求幫助的人，對(duì)幫助你的人表示感謝，記得回報(bào)別人，并與其他人分享成功的榮譽(yù)，以證明你能夠有效地組織協(xié)同工作，同時(shí)可以留下良好的印象。17．根據(jù)前文“Unavoidably,atworkyouwillneedthehelpofothers.Gettingthishelpmayhavelesstodowithyourformalpositionandauthorityandmoretodowithyourstrategyandapproach.(不可避免地，在工作中，你將需要他人的幫助。獲得這種幫助可能與你的正式職位和權(quán)威關(guān)系不大，而與你的策略和方法關(guān)系更大。)”可知空處會(huì)提到的內(nèi)容與策略和方法有關(guān)系，G項(xiàng)“Theycanrangefromasimplefavortoconvincingotherstoacceptyoursastheirown(它們可以是簡(jiǎn)單的幫助，也可以是說服他人接受你的幫助)”與上下文一致，承上啟下，故選G項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)段首小標(biāo)題“Definewhatneedstobedone.(定義需要做什么。)”可知，要設(shè)定目標(biāo)，目標(biāo)不明確就會(huì)導(dǎo)致結(jié)果不明確，與B項(xiàng)“Uncleargoalsleadtounclearresults(目標(biāo)不明確導(dǎo)致結(jié)果不明確)”上下文一致，故選B項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)前文“Askanindividualforhelp.Whenyoumakeageneralrequestforvolunteersduringameeting,colleaguesoftenunderstanditas“whoeverdoesn’thavemuchofanythingtodocanworkonthis.”(向個(gè)人尋求幫助。當(dāng)你在會(huì)議期間提出志愿者的一般要求時(shí)，同事們通常會(huì)將其理解為“誰沒有太多事情可做，誰就可以為此工作”。)”可知，同事們想成為志愿者的人很少，結(jié)合下文“However,ifyouthinkaboutwhomightbestbeabletohelpwithataskandthenspecificallyaskthatpersonforhelp,yourchancesofgettinghimorhertoacceptthetaskincreasegreatly.

(但是，如果您考慮誰可能最能幫助完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，然后專門向該人尋求幫助，那么您讓他或她接受任務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)就會(huì)大大增加。)”可知，如果要找志愿者就要專門去找某個(gè)人求助，且與空處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Youropportunitiesofgettingsomeonetovolunteerthustendtobeslim(因此，您讓某人成為志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)往往很渺茫)”與上下文一致，故選F項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)前文“Thankothersfortheirassistance.Alwaysthankandacknowledgeothersfortheirhelp.(感謝其他人的幫助?？偸歉兄x和認(rèn)可別人的幫助。)”并結(jié)合下文“Inaddition,youwilllikelybeabletocallonthepersonagaininthefutureforassistance.(此外，您將來可能會(huì)再次向該人尋求幫助。)”可知，需要感謝他人的幫助，空處應(yīng)為感謝他人的原因，與E項(xiàng)“Thepersonwillfeelthathisorhertimeandenergywereworthwhile(這個(gè)人會(huì)覺得他或她的時(shí)間和精力是值得的)”上下文一致，故選E項(xiàng)。21．根據(jù)下文“Ifyou’recongratulatedforajobwelldone,letyourbossesknowwhohelpedyoudoit.Givingpraisetothosedeservingitwillnotonlypleasethem,butwillimpressthebossesintoconsideringyouforfuturepromotion.(如果你因工作做得好而受到祝賀，請(qǐng)讓你的老板知道是誰幫助你完成了這項(xiàng)工作。表揚(yáng)那些應(yīng)得的人不僅會(huì)取悅他們，而且會(huì)給老板留下深刻印象，讓他們考慮你將來的晉升。)”可知，在得到榮譽(yù)是要和幫助你的人一起分享，與A項(xiàng)“Sharethehonor(分享榮譽(yù))”上下文一致，故選A項(xiàng)。22．A23．D24．B25．D26．A27．D28．B29．C30．C31．D32．B33．A34．B35．C36．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位父親帶學(xué)習(xí)有困難的孩子去做測(cè)試。結(jié)果，父親才是那個(gè)造成孩子學(xué)習(xí)困難的人。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一位父親帶著兒子到他的辦公室做測(cè)試。A.testing測(cè)試；B.acting行動(dòng)；C.teaching教；D.playing玩耍。根據(jù)下文“AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he4hisfather.”可知，男孩做了測(cè)試。故選A。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我兒子學(xué)習(xí)有困難，甚至不會(huì)打棒球。A.confidence自信心；B.interest興趣；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)下文“Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.”可知，父親為兒子做了一切，但是還是學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)不好，所以就認(rèn)為兒子有學(xué)習(xí)困難。故選D。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是什么都沒用。A.returns歸還；B.helps幫助；C.appears出現(xiàn)；D.remains仍然。根據(jù)前文“Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfortestingathisoffice.”可知，父親帶兒子來做測(cè)試，說明自己做的一切都是不起幫助作用的。故選B。25．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后，把他父親叫來。A.waitedfor等待；B.searchedfor尋找；C.believedin信任；D.calledin叫來。根據(jù)本句“AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy”可知，史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后會(huì)把父親叫進(jìn)來說明情況。故選D。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親坐在鏡子前，然后給了他一支鉛筆和一張紙。A.mirror鏡子；B.television電視；C.painting繪畫；D.desk桌子。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前的。故選A。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：紙上有一顆星星。A.face臉；B.line行；C.number數(shù)字；D.star星星。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前畫星星的。故選D。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親只照鏡子，用鉛筆沿著星星的線條畫。A.remove移除；B.follow跟隨，按照；C.cross跨過；D.cut切割。根據(jù)本句“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirror”可知，紙上有個(gè)星星，但是父親只能按照要求照著鏡子中的星星畫。故選B。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)父親犯了所有人都會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤。A.decisions決定；B.choices選擇；C.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；D.patterns模式。根據(jù)下文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”可知，父親也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，每次劃線，都走錯(cuò)了方向。故選C。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次他移動(dòng)鉛筆，它都走錯(cuò)了方向。A.touched觸摸；B.dropped掉落；C.moved移動(dòng)；D.sharpened使變鋒利。根據(jù)本句“itwentthewrongway”可知，鉛筆走錯(cuò)了方向，應(yīng)是父親移動(dòng)鉛筆。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這時(shí)，醫(yī)生對(duì)他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！怎么花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？這么簡(jiǎn)單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.speed速度；B.corner角落；C.end末端；D.point要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”以及后文“thedoctorshoutedathim”可知，父親犯了錯(cuò)，這時(shí)醫(yī)生對(duì)他喊。故選D。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這時(shí)，醫(yī)生對(duì)他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？這么簡(jiǎn)單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.staying停留；B.taking花費(fèi)；C.preparing準(zhǔn)備；D.writing寫。根據(jù)前文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”可知，父親一直犯錯(cuò)，會(huì)花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。故選B。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這時(shí)，醫(yī)生對(duì)他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？這么簡(jiǎn)單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.easy容易的；B.important重要的；C.obvious明顯的；D.exciting令人興奮的。根據(jù)后文“Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”可知，分不清左右是很簡(jiǎn)單的事。故選A。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些話讓父親非常生氣。A.ideas想法；B.words言語；C.questions問題；D.instructions指示。根據(jù)前文““Hurryup!Whyareyou11solong?Youcan’tdosuchan12thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!””可知，這是醫(yī)生對(duì)父親說的話。故選B。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“現(xiàn)在你明白了，是嗎?”醫(yī)生對(duì)他說。A.relax放松；B.leave離開；C.understand理解；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“thefatherunderstoodeverything”可知，醫(yī)生在問父親是否明白其中道理。故選C。36．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，父親明白了一切。A.Interestingly有意思的是；B.Absolutely絕對(duì)地；C.Suddenly突然；D.Unfortunately不幸的是。根據(jù)前文““Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.””可知，父親在聽完醫(yī)生的話后，一瞬間就明白了。故選C。37．the38．a(chǎn)t/from39．a(chǎn)dventurer40．hasbeenread41．traveling/travelling42．which43．experiences44．preferred45．Obviously46．a(chǎn)nd【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)古代最著名的旅行作家和地理學(xué)家徐霞客