1HeroesamongusUnit4SectionAFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY1HeroesamongusUnit4Section1Aheroisamanwhodoeswhathecan.

—RomainRollandHeroismislatentineveryhumansoul.

—JoshuaLawrenceChamberlain14UNITAheroisamanwhodoeswhat2SectionA

14UNITHeroesamongusToapplythephrasesandpatternsObjectivesTotalkaboutheroismTounderstandthetextfullyTomastertheparagraphwritingskillHeroesofourtimeSectionA14UNITHeroesamon31.Whoisthegreatestheroinyourmind?AndWhy?TipsMaoZedong,ZhouEnlai,…(greatleaderswholedChinesepeopletowardindependenceandliberation)WenTianxiang,YueFei,QiJiguang…(nationalheroeswhodedicatedtheirlivestonationalunityinChinesehistory)ShortanswerquestionsHuangJiguang,QiuShaoyun,DongCunrui…(combatheroeswhosacrificedtheirownlivestofulfilltheoperationalmission)WuJuping(themostbeautifulmother),ZhangLili(themostbeautifulteacher)…(civilianheroeswhoriskedtheirownlivestosaveothersinmoderntimes)1.Whoisthegreatestheroin4TipsAgoodheartThereadinesstolendahandtopeopleintroubleThecouragetoriskone’sownlifetohelpothersindangerThedeterminationtofightforhisowncountryandpeople2.Whatmakesaheroinyoureyes?ShortanswerquestionsTips2.Whatmakesaheroinyo5QuestionspreviewingCulturalbackground1.WhoisNelsonMandela?Whywashesofamous?2.WhatisGreg’sLaw?Whyisitnamedafteraperson?QuestionspreviewingCulturalb6NelsonMandelaWhoisNelsonMandela?Whywashesofamous?TipsthefirstblackPresidentofSouthAfricaananti-apartheidactivisttheleaderofthearmedwingoftheAfricanNationalCongressbearrestedandsentencedtolifeinprisonserve27yearsinprisonleadhispartytoendapartheidafterhisreleasebringaboutapeacefultransitiontononracialdemocracyinSouthAfricareceivethe1993NobelPeacePrizeNelsonMandelaWhoisNelsonMa7Tips2.WhatisGreg’sLaw?Whyisitnamedafteraperson?bepassedin2009aspartofalargerRoadSafetyBilltargetmotoristswhodrivewhilesuspended,unlicensedanduninsuredintroducestrictersentencing,includingaseven-dayvehicleimpoundment(扣押).inmemoryofpoliceofficerGregStobbart,whowastragicallykilledwhileridinghisbikeGreg’sLawTips2.WhatisGreg’sLaw?Why8MainideasofthepartsTipsWhatthesisstatementdoestheauthormakeaboutheroestoday?(Para.1)Theword“hero”becomesmorecommonandisusedtorefertobothvictimsandsurvivorsofallkindsofdifficultiesandtragedies.Mainidea&structureMainideasofthepartsTipsWha9TipsWhatquestiondoestheauthorraiseafterwards?(Para.1)Whoaretheheroesamongus?MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureTipsWhatquestiondoestheaut10PartI—(Para.1)commonvictimsTodaytheword“hero”becomesmore________andisusedtorefertoboth_______and________ofallkindsofdifficultiesandtragedies.survivorsMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structurePartI—(Para.1)commonvictims11WhatexamplesofheroicdeedsdoestheauthorprovideinPara.2and3?TipsPara2:_________________,whoranthroughdangerinamassshootingandsavedthelifeofhisbossandfriend,GabrielleGiffords.Para3:_______________,whosavedhiswifebyshieldingherfromthehailofbulletsinthemassshooting.DanielHernardezDoryStoddardMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureWhatexamplesofheroicdeeds12Whatconclusiondoestheauthordrawfromthetwoexamples?(Para.4)TipsTheyarecivilianheroes.MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureWhatconclusiondoestheautho13PartII—(Paras.2-4)BothDanielandDoryare_______heroesastheyactedinstinctivelywith________and______whensituationscallfor.civiliancouragegraceMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structurePartII—(Paras.2-4)BothDan14Structure(Paras.1-4)QuestionExamples

ConclusionMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureStructure(Paras.1-4)Question15TipsArefirstrespondersconsideredheroes,too?MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure

Firstrespondersarealsohonoredasheroes.Conclusion(implied):TipsSergeantRyanRussell,whotriedtostopadrunkdriverinastolensnowplowwithonlyhispolicecarandhisgoodwilltohelpothers,andwaskilled.Whatistheexampleoffirstresponders?(Para.6)WhatisthequestionraisedbytheauthorinPara.5?Question-Example-ConclusionPatternTipsArefirstrespondersconsi16Thesepeoplewerecalledheroesbecausetheyperformedactsof_____________________.TipsAccordingtothewriter,whatwereheroesinthepast?(Para.7)extraordinarycourageMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureThesepeoplewerecalledheroe17TipsWhatareheroesnowadays?(Para.8)Nowadays,ourheroesare________menandwomen.ComparisonandContrastParagraph7Paragraph8averageMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureTipsWhatareheroesnowadays?18Question:Dofirstresponderswhofailtoachievetheirgoalsintheireffortsbecomeheroes?(Para.9)Example:EleanorMcMahonwassurethatSgt.Russellwasindeedaherobecauseheshoweddistinctcouragewhentryinghardtostopthesnowplowbeforeithurtothers.Shestronglyargued:It’snaturalforcivilianstorushtowardsafetyandawayfromdanger.Butheroesoffirstrespondersrushtowarddangertohelpthoseinneed.(Paras.10-11)Conclusion:Weexpectfirstresponderstorushforward,especiallywhenweorourlovedonesareindanger.Sowhentheydiedoingthat,weshouldrecognizetheirheroicefforts.(Para.12)Question-Example-ConclusionPatternMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureQuestion:Dofirstresponders19Para.III—(Paras.5-12)Firstrespondersareheroesnomattertheysucceedintheirefforttosavepeopleorgetinjuredorkilledintheirefforts.MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structurePara.III—(Paras.5-12)First20TipsListentotheconclusionforthewholetextandfillintheblanks.(Para.13)The_________storiesofheroes,bothcivilianheroesandfirstresponders,showthatordinarypeoplecando____________thingswhethertheyarecarryingouttheirduties,oraspartintheirdailylife.Weshouldnotonly______them,butalsochangethesituationsthatmayleadtotheirdeath.Weshouldtrytoactheroicallyif______________callonus.inspiringextraordinaryhonorcircumstancesMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureTipsListentotheconclusionf21Thestoriesofheroeshelpremindusthatordinarypeoplecandoextraordinarythingsand,beinginspiredbythem,wecanalsobeheroeswhencircumstancescallonustoactheroically.Para.IV—(Para.13)MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structureThestoriesofheroeshelprem22TextAisanessayonpeople’sviewaboutwhatmakesahero.Itispointedoutthatinthepasttheword“hero”wasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofcouragebeyondthecallofdutyorforgreatleaders,whiletodayheroescanbeordinarypeoplelikeus.Besides,firstresponders,whosedutyistorushtowarddanger,arealsoheroes,evenwhentheireffortsfailedtobringaboutdesirableeffects.Hopefully,wewillalsoactheroicallywhencircumstancescallonus.MainideaofthepassageMainidea&structureTextAisanessayonpeople’s23Example1(civilianheroes)StructureofthetextQuestion1.DanielHernardezsavedhisbossandfriend.2.DoryStoddardsavedhiswife.Conclusion:BothDanielandDoryarecivilianheroesastheyactedinstinctivelywithcourageandgracewhensituationscallfor.Mainidea&structureExample1(civilianheroes)Str24Example1(civilianheroes)QuestionExample2(Firstresponderheroes)FirstrespondersarealsohonoredasheroesascanbeseenfromtheexampleofSergeant.RyanRussell.Heroesinthepastwerethosewhoperformedactsofextraordinarycouragewhiletodayheroesareaveragemenandwomen.Weexpectfirstresponderstorushtowarddanger.Sowhentheydiedoingthat,weshouldrecognizetheirheroicefforts.StructureofthetextMainidea&structureExample1(civilianheroes)Que25Example1(civilianheroes)QuestionExample2(Firstresponderheroes)ConclusionTheencouragingstoriesofheroes,bothcivilianheroesandfirstresponders,showthatordinarypeoplecandoheroicthings.Weshouldnotonlyhonorthem,butalsochangethesituationsthatmayleadtotheirdeath.Weshouldtrytoactheroicallyifcircumstancescallonus.StructureofthetextMainidea&structureExample1(civilianheroes)Que26ExamplesQuestionConclusionStructureofthetextMainidea&structureExamplesQuestionConclusionStr27Inaneraofheightenedheroism,whoaretheheroesamongus?TheycanbeordinarypeoplelikeDanielHernandezwhoranthroughdangerinamassshootingtosavehisbossandDoryStoddardwhosavedhiswifeby________herfromthehailofbullets.Bothofthemare______heroesastheyactedwithcourageandgracewhen__________extraordinarycircumstance.shieldingciviliancaughtupinSummaryofthetextMainidea&structureInaneraofheightenedhe28Thenarefirstrespondersconsideredheroes,too?WegettheanswerfromSergeant.RyanRussell,whogotkilledinhiseffortstohelpothersbutwas_______bythousandsofotheremergencyresponders.Inthepasttheword“hero”was_______forthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofdutyorforgreatleaders,whiletodayheroescanbeordinarypeoplelikeus.Then,dofirstresponderswho___tobringabouthonoredreservedfailSummaryofthetextMainidea&structureThenarefirstresponderscons29desirableresultsalsobecomeheroes?Ms.McMahonprovidedtherightanswer.Shestronglyarguedthatit’s______forcivilianstorushawayfromdanger.Incontrast,firstrespondersrushtowarddangertohelpthose______.Sowhenfirstrespondersdiedoingthat,weshould_________theirheroicefforts.

Ordinarypeoplecandoextraordinarythingsand,being_______bythem,wecanalsobeheroeswhencircumstancescallonustoactheroically.inspired

naturalinneedrecognizeSummaryofthetextMainidea&structuredesirableresultsalsobecome30PracticalphrasesLanguagefocusPracticalPhrasesMeanings1.

applypressureto/on

按壓，給…施加壓力2.shieldsb.fromsth.

使……免受……3.be/getcaughtupin

被卷入；陷入4.reservesth.forsb./sth.

保留；預留5.relatetosth./sb.理解；認同6.makesenseofsth.理解，弄懂某事7.giveauthorityto授權8.counton依靠；指望PracticalphrasesLanguagefocu31按壓，給…施加壓力(injury/bleed)Youcanapplypressureontheinjurytomakethebloodbleedslower.applypressureto/on短語逆譯短語應用你可以按壓傷口讓血流的慢些。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus按壓，給…施加壓力(injury/bleed)You32使……免受……(shield…from…/invasion/servicemen)Itisthedutyofservicementoshieldtheircountryfrominvasion.shieldsb.fromsth.短語逆譯短語應用保護祖國不受侵略是軍人的職責。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus使……免受……(shield…from…/inv33被卷入；陷入(becaughtupin/demonstration/beguaranteed)Thesafetyofthosestudentscaughtupinthedemonstrationmustbeguaranteed.be/getcaughtupin短語逆譯短語應用那些被卷入游行示威的學生的安全必須得到保證。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus被卷入；陷入(becaughtupin/demon34保留；預留(reservefor/furtherdiscussion)

Thisquestionmustbereservedforfurtherdiscussion.reservesth.forsb./sth.短語逆譯短語應用這個問題必須留待進一步討論。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus保留；預留(reservefor/furtherdi35理解；認同(jobapplication/reject/befrustrated/relateto)Iknowhewasveryfrustratedwhenhisjobapplicationwasrejected.Icanrelatetothat.relatetosth./sb.短語逆譯短語應用我知道他的求職申請被拒后他很沮喪。我能理解他的感受。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus理解；認同(jobapplication/reject/36理解，弄懂某事(makesenseof/competition)Ican’tmakeanysenseofhisgivingupthecompetitionatthelastminute.makesenseofsth.短語逆譯短語應用我無法搞懂他為什么在最后一刻放棄比賽。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocus理解，弄懂某事(makesenseof/competi37授權(contract/giveauthorityto/researchmembers)Thecontractgivesauthoritytoresearchmemberstouseanythinginthelaboratory.短語逆譯短語應用合同授權研究人員使用實驗室里的任何東西。意群提示giveauthoritytoPracticalphrasesLanguagefocus授權(contract/giveauthorityto/38依靠；指望(counton/foreignaid/relieve/famine)Theydecidednottocountonforeignaidtorelievethefamine.短語逆譯短語應用他們決定不依靠外援來緩解饑荒。意群提示countonPracticalphrasesLanguagefocus依靠；指望(counton/foreignaid/re39LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsFunctionalpatternsFunctions&usages1.Itusedtobethat…

用于表達“過去的某一習慣或情況現(xiàn)在已不存在”，表示與目前習慣或情況有所不同。2.Sb./Sth.is….Soissb./sth.else/Soaresomeotherpeople/someotherthings.用于表達“人或事物之間的相似之處”。3.Sb.dosth.,especiallywhen….用于表達“某人最有可能做某事的一種條件”。4.Sb.dosth.by….Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,sb.dosth.by…用于表達“對某人而言更為重要的行為方式”。LanguagefocusFunctionalpatte40在過去，“英雄”一詞僅限于稱呼那些做出超乎職責范圍的特別英勇的行為的人們。

原句譯文逆譯練習Itusedtobethatthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofduty.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns在過去，“英雄”一詞僅限于稱呼那些做出超乎職責范圍的特別英勇41Itusedtobethat…句型提煉應用提示用于表達“過去的某一習慣或情況現(xiàn)在已不存在”，表示與目前習慣或情況有所不同。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsItusedtobethat…句型提煉應用提示用于42(supremepower/image)典型例句在過去，只有享受至高無上權利的皇家才能使用龍的形象。意群提示Itusedtobethattheimageofdragoncouldonlybeusedbyroyalfamiliesthatenjoyedthesupremepower.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(supremepower/image)典型例句在過去43一位戰(zhàn)士冒著槍林彈雨去搶救其他戰(zhàn)友，他被看作英雄。同樣，超凡卓越的具有傳奇色彩的領袖人物也是英雄，比如納爾遜·曼德拉。被囚禁于單人牢房27年后，曼德拉終于擺脫了牢獄生活。原句譯文逆譯練習Asoldierwhorunsthroughgunfiretorescueothermilitarypersonnelisseenasahero.Soarelarger-than-lifeleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,whoemergedafter27yearsofjail,confinedinasolitarychamber.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns一位戰(zhàn)士冒著槍林彈雨去搶救其他戰(zhàn)友，他被看作英雄。同樣，超凡44Sb./Sth.is….Soissb./sth.else./Soaresomeotherpeople/someotherthings.

句型提煉應用提示用于表達“兩個人或事物之間的相似之處”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb./Sth.is….Soissb./sth.45(painstakingefforts/valuableasset/setback)典型例句在你的人生中，通過不懈努力取得的成功是寶貴的財富。同樣，幫助你逐步走向成熟的人生挫折也是財富。意群提示Successthatyouachievethroughpainstakingeffortsisseenasvaluableassetinyourlife.Soarethesetbacksthathelpyoutobecomematuregradually.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(painstakingefforts/valuable46我們指望應急人員沖向危險，尤其是當我們自身或我們所愛的人身處險境時。原句譯文逆譯練習Wecountonfirstresponderstorushtowarddanger,especiallywhenitinvolvesusorthosewelove.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns我們指望應急人員沖向危險，尤其是當我們自身或我們所愛的人身處47Sb.dosth.,especiallywhen….句型提煉應用提示用于表達“某人最有可能做某事的一種條件”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb.dosth.,especiallywhen….48(recall/strike)典型例句我喜歡回憶過去，特別是當孤寂來襲之時。意群提示Iloverecallingthepast,especiallywhenlonelinessstrikes.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(recall/strike)典型例句我喜歡回憶過去，特別49我們向消防隊員、警察和普通平民致敬，贊揚其英雄精神。也許，甚至更為重要的是，我們要通過努力改變讓他們遭遇不幸的環(huán)境來向他們致敬。原句譯文逆譯練習Wehonorthefireman,thepoliceman,andtheaveragecitizenbyrecognizingtheirheroism.Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,wehonorthembyworkingtochangethecircumstancesthatledtotheirdeath.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns我們向消防隊員、警察和普通平民致敬，贊揚其英雄精神。也許，甚50Sb.dosth.by….Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,sb.dosth.by…句型提煉應用提示用于表達“對于某人而言更為重要的行為方式”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb.dosth.by….Perhaps,eve51(impartknowledge)典型例句我們通過傳授知識培養(yǎng)學生，也許，更為重要的是，我們通過傳授學習方法培養(yǎng)學生。意群提示Wecultivatestudentsbyimpartingknowledge.Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,wecultivatestudentsbyteachingthemlearningmethods.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(impartknowledge)典型例句我們通過傳授知52Languageappreciation

在一個英雄主義發(fā)揚光大的時代，“英雄”一詞已經變得更加常見。

a.Inaneraofheightenedheroism,thewordherohasbecomemorecommon.(Para.1,L1)LanguagefocusLanguageappreciation在一個英雄主義53

他用溫柔體貼的話語安慰她，告訴她他會把她的丈夫和父母找來，告訴她一切都會好的。

b.Hespoketenderwordsofsympathy,tellingherthathewouldfindherhusbandandherparentsandthateverythingwouldbefine.(Para.2,L5)LanguageappreciationLanguagefocus他用溫柔體貼的話語安慰她，告訴她他會把她的丈夫和父母找來54

一聽到槍聲，多利馬上撲在妻子身上為她擋住掃射過來的子彈。

c.…whenDoryheardshotsringoutheimmediatelyfellontopofhiswifetoshieldherfromthehailofbullets.(Para.3,L2)LanguageappreciationLanguagefocus一聽到槍聲，多利馬上撲在妻子身上為她擋住掃射過來的子彈。55

d.InToronto,Canada,downtownlifestoppedwhenmorethan11,000policeandotheremergencyrespondersmarchedsolemnlythroughthestreetstohonorpoliceman,SergeantRyanRussell,a35-year-old“goodmanandgoodcop”,whobelieveddeeplyinhiscommitmenttoprotectandserve.(Para.6,L1)

在加拿大多倫多市，11,000多名警察和其他應急人員肅穆地在大街上游行，紀念一位具有高度保護和服務意識的“好男人和好警察”、35歲的瑞安·羅素警佐。當時整個市中心的其他活動都停止了。LanguageappreciationLanguagefocusd.InToronto,Canada,downt56Languagefocus

e.Hemadethechoicenottobebitter,andworkedhardasSouthAfrica’sfirstblackpresidenttoestablishharmonyandhelpedsocietyreconcileitsconflictedpast.(Para.7,L4)Languageappreciation

他沒有抱怨，作為南非第一位黑人總統(tǒng)，他努力奮斗，致力于創(chuàng)建和諧國家，促進社會化解以往的矛盾。Languagefocuse.Hemadethe57在英雄主義發(fā)揚光大的年代，英雄可以是平民，他們能在特別危急的情況下聽從本能的召喚，不顧個人安危勇敢地沖向危險，保護他人免受傷害；英雄也可以是專門處理應急事件的人，他們明知危險的存在，卻努力克服恐懼心理，heightenedheroismfirstresponderscaughtupinextraordinarycircumstancesrushtowarddangershieldothersfromharmParagraphtranslation在英雄主義發(fā)揚光大的年代，英雄可以是平民，他們能在特別危急的58毅然沖向危險幫助那些需要幫助的人。從他們身上我們都看到了英雄主義