學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精山東省日照市莒縣2019-2020學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題含解析2019-2020學(xué)年度上學(xué)期高二模塊考試英語試題本試卷共四部分，共12頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘.注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用0。5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、座號、考生號、科類填寫在答題卡和試卷規(guī)定的位置上。2。一、二部分選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。3.三、四部分必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)的位置,不能寫在試卷上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶.不按以上要求作答的答案無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上.錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上.第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1。Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A。Bringherablanket.B。Shutthewindows。C。Turndowntheheat.2。Whatmighttheboydoafterschool？A。Waitatschoolforhismother。B.Gototheparkwithhismother。C。PlayontheswingswithKatie。3Howdoesthewomanfeel？A。Angry.B。Happy.C。Nervous。4.Whathappenedtotheman?A。Hepaid10dollarsforashirt.B.Hegotashirtfromhisfriend。C。Heboughttheshirtatahigherprice.5。Wheredidthewomanputupthepainting？A.Inthebathroom.B.Inthebedroom。C。Inthelivingroom。第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whoistheman?A.Abaseballcoach.B。Abaseballplayer.C。Abaseballfan。7。Howmuchdidthewomanchargetheman？A。Fourdollars。B。Eightdollars。C。Tendollars。聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whycan'tJeremycutthewoman'shair？A。Heisnotatworktoday.B.Heiscuttingsomeoneelse’shair。C。Thewomandidn’tarriveontime。9。Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow？A.Ifshecanstayinthewaitingarea。B.IfLandoncancutherhairinstead。C。Ifsomeonewillcallherwhenit’sherturn。聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題.10.Wheremightthespeakersbe？A。InAustralia。B.IntheUS。C。InNewZealand。11.Whenmighttheman’sdaughterreceivethepackage?A。Infourtofivedays.B.Intwoorthreeweeks.C.Inamonth.12。WhathappenedtothewomanduringChristmas？A。ShegotapackagefromAfrica.B。Shereceivedapackageoneweeklate.C。Shetriedtosendapresenttoherbrother.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A。Theyarecolleaguesnow.B。Theygraduatedfromthesamecollege。C。Theyusedtobechildhoodfriends。14。WhatdoesthewomansayaboutHawaii?A.It’shardtofindajobthere。B.Peopletherearefriendly.C。Theweatherthereisnice.15.Wheredoesthemanlive？A.Inhisparents’house.B。Inanapartment。C.Intheschooldormitory。16。Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoforwork?A.Workinthefashionindustry.B.KeepworkingforGoogle.C.Studythebrain.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkisthemostvaluablepartofthetour?A.Tellingstoriesaboutclasses.B.Gettingtoknowthecollegeasawhole.C。Learningdetailedfactsaboutthestudentcenter。18。Whatdoesthemansuggestaboutthelibrary？A。Foodissoldthere。B。Itisonlypopularforstudying。C。Therulesarenotverystrictthere。19.Whendoesthestudentcentercloseonweekendnights?A。Attwoo’clockinthemorning.B。Attwelveo'clockatnight.C。Atteno’clockatnight。20。Whatwillthemanprobablydiscussnext?A。Famousprofessors。B。Gymcost.C.Sportsteams.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AGrandCanyonNationalParkGrandCanyonNationalParkislocatedentirelyinnorthernArizona，whichtakesup277milesoftheColoradoRiverandnearbyuplands.ItbecameaNationalParkonFeb26，1919andwasmadeaWorldHeritageSitein1979.GrandCanyonHotels，LodgingandCampingTheSouthRim（邊緣)hasquiteacollectionoflodgesandhotelsintheParkandthereisalsoalargecampgroundattheMatherCampground(openyear-round）andtheDesertViewCampground,（openfrommid-Maythroughmid-October）.InthetownofTusayan,justoutsidethesouthentrancestation，aretheGrandCanyonSquireInn,theGrandHotel，etc.OntheNorthRim，theGrandCanyonLodgeistheonlylodginginsidetheGrandCanyonNationalPark.TheNorthRimalsoclosesinwinterwhensnowsblocktheroads。TheNorthRimCampgroundisopenfrommid—Maytomid-October。ActivitiesandParkUseintheGrandCanyonThecanyonmaybeviewedfromtherimatanumberofoverlooksalongDesertViewDriveandHermitRoad(closedtoprivatevehiclesduringshuttlebusseason,whenitmaybeaccessedbyfreeparkshuttles).VisitorsmayalsohikealongtherimontheRimTrailorbelowtherimonanumberofinnercanyontrails.AllhikingatGrandCanyonneedsgreateffortandenergy。TheparkoffersavarietyofactivitiesattheGrandCanyonincludinghelicoptertours,jeeptours,trainridesandplaneflightsthroughouttheyear.ClimateofGrandCanyonNationalParkTheSouthRimis7000feetabovesealevel，whichmeanssnowinwinterandcoolnightseveninsummer.SummertemperaturesalongtheColoradoRiveratthecanyonbottomcanreach120F.TheNorthRimis8000feetabovesealevelandcanreceivesnowthroughoutmostoftheyear。Theweatherisparticularlychangeableinthespringandfall；visitorsshouldbepreparedforavarietyofclimates。VisitorTotalstotheGrandCanyonThereareoverfivemillionvisitorsperyear。PeakseasonrunsfromAprilthroughOctober;winterholidayweekendsarecrowded。Summersareextremelycrowded。1.WhichplacewillpeoplechooseiftheywanttospendanightinsidetheParkinDecember?A。MatherCampground。 B.TheGrandHotel。C.TheGrandCanyonSquireInn. D。TheNorthRimCampground。2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwanttochallengeyourself?A.Driveinthecanyon。 B.Hikealongtherim.C.Makehelicoptertours. D。Taketrainrides。3.Fromthepassagewelearnthat。A.winterpresentsthebestviewforvisitorsB.freeparkshuttlesareaccessibleallyearroundC.avoidingvisitingtheParkinsummerincaseofbigcrowdsD.eachseasonintheGrandCanyonParkseemslikespring.【答案】1.A2。B3.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文.文章向讀者講述了大峽谷國家公園旅游事宜?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“TheSouthRim(邊緣)hasquiteacollectionoflodgesandhotelsintheParkandthereisalsoalargecampgroundattheMatherCampground（openyear-round）andtheDesertViewCampground，（openfrommid-Maythroughmid-October)。”（在公園內(nèi)南部邊緣有許多旅館和旅館，馬瑟營地（全年開放）和沙漠景觀營地(5月中旬至10月中旬開放）也有一個大型露營地.），可知馬瑟營地是全年開放的,如果人們想在十二月在公園里過夜，可選擇MatherCampground。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“VisitorsmayalsohikealongtherimontheRimTrailorbelowtherimonanumberofinnercanyontrails.AllhikingatGrandCanyonneedsgreateffortandenergy。”（游客也可以沿著邊緣小徑的邊緣或邊緣以下的一些內(nèi)部峽谷小徑徒步旅行.在大峽谷徒步旅行需要極大的努力和精力.），可知如果你想挑戰(zhàn)自己,可選擇沿著邊緣遠(yuǎn)足來挑戰(zhàn)一下自己的耐力。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thereareoverfivemillionvisitorsperyear。PeakseasonrunsfromAprilthroughOctober；winterholidayweekendsarecrowded。Summersareextremelycrowded?！保磕暧形灏偃f游客.旺季從四月到十月;寒假周末人滿為患。夏天非常擁擠。），可知夏季人多，從這篇文章可得出夏天要避免去公園，以防人潮太多。故選C項。BEnterNickSpigler’sroomandyou’llfindthedelicatenestofatreeswallowandrowsofbooksaboutbirds.Clearly,this16—year-oldboyhashisheadinthecloudsandhisfeetofftheground.Severaltimesaweek，EllieAndreen,15,visitsaparknearherhometocheckonherlittlefamily。Theboxessheplacedtherelastwinterhaveproducedseveralbabiesofbluebirds,whichElliefussesoverlikeamotherhen。Theseyoungbird—watchersarenottheonlyyoungsterswhoenjoybirdingintheUnitedStatescountyofHarford,Maryland。Localschoolsthereofferprogramsinornithology（鳥類學(xué))，evenifsomekidscan’tyetspelltheword。BothNickandEllietookupbirdingearlyon。TheycallthemselvestheEarlyBirds,FeatheredFriendsorBirdBuddies.Onceamonth,theyjoingroupsof20to30studentstowalkthroughnearbyfieldsbeforeclassat7：30am，hopingtospotawoodpeckerororiole(黃鸝)withbinoculars?！癇eingpartofthebirdclubsincesecondgrademadeitseemmorecommonthanjustsomestrangehobby,”Nicksaid.“Ihadtogetupat6:30amforthewalks.Thatwasforthebirds,soIdidn’tmind。"Sincethen,hehasattendedbirdcamps,studiedbirdhabitsandmigratorypatterns，andpersonallyseen190ofthemorethan400speciesinMaryland。Raisingyouthawarenessisamust,longtimebirderssay。MaryMurray，65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit。Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金絲雀)inacoalmine，andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing，theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fussesover"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Looksat。 B.Fightswith.C.Playswith. D.Givesattentionto.5。Whatdoweknowaboutbird—watchinginHarfordCounty？A。Itisconsideredastrangebutcoolhobby。B.Itinterestsmorelocalyoungpeoplethanadults.C.Ornithologyclasseshavehelpedmakeitpopular.D。Studentsmustpassabird—watchingclassatschool。6。WhatdoesMaryMurraythinkbirdingmeansforchildren？A.Itwillallowthemtoknowmoreaboutdifferentspecies。B.Itwillimprovetheirunderstandingoftheirenvironment.C。Itwillteachthemhowtoappreciatenon—birdspecies.D.Itwillraisetheirawarenessofteamwork.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A。Birdprotectionisinaction B.BirdcampsinMarylandC.Howtotakecareofbirds？ D。NickSpigler’sbluebirdboxes【答案】4。D5.C6。B7.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了,HarfordCounty的Nick和Ellie的觀鳥故事。【4題詳解】短語猜測題。由第一段中的“Severaltimesaweek,EllieAndreen,15,visitsaparknearherhometocheckonherlittlefamily。Theboxessheplacedtherelastwinterhaveproducedseveralbabiesofbluebirds,whichElliefussesoverlikeamotherhen."(15歲的EllieAndreen每周都會去她家附近的一個公園看望她的小家庭。去年冬天她放在那里的盒子里產(chǎn)下了幾只藍(lán)鴝寶寶，Ellie像母雞一樣對它們大驚小怪.）可知Ellie在樹上的盒子里有幾只藍(lán)鴝寶寶，她像母雞一樣,說明她對藍(lán)鴝寶寶很關(guān)注,fussesover在此處意為“Givesattentionto(關(guān)注）”.故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Localschoolsthereofferprogramsinornithology（鳥類學(xué)），evenifsomekidscan’tyetspelltheword?！?當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校提供鳥類學(xué)課程，即使有些孩子還不會拼寫單詞。）第三段中的“Onceamonth,theyjoingroupsof20to30studentstowalkthroughnearbyfieldsbeforeclassat7:30am，hopingtospotawoodpeckerororiole(黃鸝）withbinoculars。"(每月一次，他們會在早上7:30上課前加入20到30名學(xué)生的小組，在附近的田野里散步，希望能用望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)啄木鳥或黃鸝。)第四段中的““Beingpartofthebirdclubsincesecondgrademadeitseemmorecommonthanjustsomestrangehobby,”Nicksaid."（尼克說:“從二年級起就加入了鳥類俱樂部,這比一些奇怪的愛好更常見?！保┖偷谖宥巍癝incethen，hehasattendedbirdcamps,studiedbirdhabitsandmigratorypatterns，andpersonallyseen190ofthemorethan400speciesinMaryland?！保◤哪菚r起，他參加了鳥類營地，研究了鳥類的習(xí)性和遷徙模式，并親自在馬里蘭州看到了400多種鳥類中的190種。）,可推斷出HarfordCounty的鳥類學(xué)課程，讓孩子對鳥類感興趣，也促進(jìn)了鳥類學(xué)課程的流行。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題.由最后一段中的“MaryMurray,65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit。Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金絲雀)inacoalmine,andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing,theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment.””（65歲的瑪麗·默里是Harford鳥類俱樂部的主要成員，她說：“這些孩子將要繼承地球，我們需要盡早教會他們?nèi)绾握疹櫟厍?鳥類是一種指示物種，就像煤礦里的金絲雀一樣,如果孩子們注意到鳥類的行為，他們就會了解環(huán)境的健康狀況.”）可推斷出瑪麗·默里認(rèn)為觀鳥可以提高孩子們對環(huán)境的了解。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。前面五段都在講“HarfordCounty的Nick和Ellie的觀鳥故事"，由最后一段“Raisingyouthawarenessisamust,longtimebirderssay.MaryMurray,65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit.Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金絲雀）inacoalmine，andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing，theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment?！?（長期觀鳥的人說，提高青少年的意識是必須的。65歲的瑪麗·默里是Harford鳥類俱樂部的主要成員，她說：“這些孩子將要繼承地球，我們需要盡早教會他們?nèi)绾握疹櫟厍?鳥類是一種指示物種，就像煤礦里的金絲雀一樣，如果孩子們注意到鳥類的行為，他們就會了解環(huán)境的健康狀況?！?可知本文主要是想通過HarfordCounty的觀鳥故事，告訴讀者,觀鳥有助于提高環(huán)境保護意識，讓人們行動起來保護鳥類，A項“鳥類保護正在行動”符合文意。故選A項。CIfyou'relookingforEuropeanculture，therearefewbetterplacestovisitthanSwitzerland.KnownasthemeltingpotofEurope,itcombinestheculturesofEuropewithextremebeautyandfantasticfood。Switzerland'scultureisacombinationofneighboringstates:France,Germany,andItaly.Theresultisamultilingualcountry,aseasternSwitzerlandspeaksFrench,thesouthernpartspeaksItalianandtherestspeaksGerman.Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion.IfyouvisitcitieslikeGeneva,you’llfindtraditionalFrenchdisheslikefondueandraclette，meltedSwisscheeseservedoverbreadorpotatoes。Meanwhile，inGerman—speakingregions，likeZurich，you’llfindRosti,atypicalsidedishmadefromfriedpotatoes。However,ifthere’sonethingthatunitestheSwissandtherestoftheworld，it’stheirloveofchocolate。Swisschocolatefactoriesare“themostluxuriousintheworld”。UStravelbloggerSarahSchmalbruchwroteonBusinessInsiderthatfamousbrands，likeLindt，arebasedinthecountry。VisitorstoSwitzerlandcanenjoytastingchocolates，andeventakeclassesfrommasterchocolatemakers.Asidefromthewidevarietyoffoodonoffer，Switzerlandalsooffersthrills。TheSwissAlpsofferyear—roundskiingandmountainclimbingwithlocalexperts。Besides,youcanvisitthebeautifulMatterhorn，knownforitsdistinctivepyramidshapeandsnow-cappedpeak.Standingataheightofmorethan4，400meters，itisthemostpicturedmountainintheworld，accordingtoSmithsonianmagazine.Butifcitycultureismoreyourthing,you'llfindalargegroupofmuseumsandartgalleries,nottomentiontheworld’slargestteddybearmuseuminBasel。EventhelargestSwisscitiestendtobelaidback（悠閑自在的）,butwithmanyexcitingactivitiesandculturalsites,Switzerlandisperfectforeverytaste.Afterall，whereelseinEuropeoffersyouthecultureoffourdifferentcountries?8。TheauthorpresentsSwitzerlandasamulti—culturalcountrybyintroducingits。A。architectureandfood B.languagesandfoodC.festivalsandarchitecture D.costumesandfestivals9。WhydoestheauthormentionSarahSchmalbruch’swords？A。TostressthepopularityofSwisschocolates.B.ToproveSwisschocolatesaredifficulttomake.C。ToshowhowdeliciousSwisschocolatesare。D.ToshowthehistoryofSwisschocolates。10.WhatcanyoufindinSwitzerland？A。Thelargestartgallery. B。Thesafestskiinglocation。C.Themostpicturedmountain. D.Theoldestteddybearmuseum。11。Theauthorwrotethearticlemainlyto。A。discussSwitzerland’shistoryandcultureB。giveadvicetovisitorstoSwitzerlandC。recommendsomefamousplacestopeopleD.introducewhattouristscanenjoyinSwitzerland【答案】8.B9。A10.C11。D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章簡單地向讀者介紹了游客在瑞士可以享受什么?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“KnownasthemeltingpotofEurope,itcombinestheculturesofEuropewithextremebeautyandfantasticfood。"(它被稱為歐洲的大熔爐，它將歐洲的文化與令人驚嘆的美麗和美味的食物結(jié)合在一起。)第二段“Switzerland’scultureisacombinationofneighboringstates：France,Germany,andItaly.Theresultisamultilingualcountry，aseasternSwitzerlandspeaksFrench，thesouthernpartspeaksItalianandtherestspeaksGerman.”（瑞士的文化是由法國、德國和意大利等鄰國組成的。其結(jié)果是一個多語種國家，因為瑞士東部講法語,南部地區(qū)講意大利語，其余地區(qū)講德語。）和第三段中的“Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion.”（和語言一樣，不同地區(qū)的菜肴也大不相同。），可知本文通過語言與食物介紹瑞士是一個多元文化國家。故選B項.【9題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段中的“Swisschocolatefactoriesare“themostluxuriousintheworld".UStravelbloggerSarahSchmalbruchwroteonBusinessInsiderthatfamousbrands，likeLindt，arebasedinthecountry。"（瑞士巧克力工廠是“世界上最豪華的”.美國旅游博客SarahSchmalbruch在《商業(yè)內(nèi)幕》上寫道，像Lindt這樣的知名品牌都設(shè)在美國。）可推斷出作者提到SarahSchmalbruch的話是為了強調(diào)瑞士巧克力的流行。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Besides,youcanvisitthebeautifulMatterhorn，knownforitsdistinctivepyramidshapeandsnow—cappedpeak。Standingataheightofmorethan4，400meters，itisthemostpicturedmountainintheworld,accordingtoSmithsonianmagazine.”(此外,您還可以參觀美麗的馬特宏峰，它以其獨特的金字塔形狀和白雪皚皚的山峰而聞名。據(jù)《史密森學(xué)會》雜志報道，這座山海拔4400多米，是世界上照片最多的山。）可知馬特宏峰形狀獨特，景色美麗,關(guān)于它的照片很多，說明這座山很引人注目,因此在瑞士你能找到最引人注目的山。故選C項.【11題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Ifyou’relookingforEuropeanculture，therearefewbetterplacestovisitthanSwitzerland.”（如果你在尋找歐洲文化，沒有比瑞士更好的地方了.）第三段中的“Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion?！保ê驼Z言一樣，不同地區(qū)的菜肴也大不相同。)第四段中的“However,ifthere’sonethingthatunitestheSwissandtherestoftheworld，it’stheirloveofchocolate.”（然而，如果說有一件事能讓瑞士人和世界其他地方團結(jié)起來，那就是他們對巧克力的熱愛。）第五段中的“Asidefromthewidevarietyoffoodonoffer,Switzerlandalsooffersthrills."（除了種類繁多的食物外,瑞士也提供刺激。）和第六段“Butifcitycultureismoreyourthing,you’llfindalargegroupofmuseumsandartgalleries,nottomentiontheworld’slargestteddybearmuseuminBasel.”（但如果城市文化更適合你,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一大批博物館和美術(shù)館，更不用說巴塞爾世界上最大的泰迪熊博物館了。）可推斷出本文主要介紹游客在瑞士可以享受什么。故選D項。DHaveyoueversaidtoafriend“Thatrose’ssmellisreallysweet!”onlytofindthatyourfriendcan’tsmellanythingatall?AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPNASinMay,peoplehavedifferentabilitiestorecognizecertainodors（氣味）—andit’slinkedtodifferentgenes.Forthestudy，300peoplewereplacedamong150jarswithdifferentodors。Atagiventime，theyhadtosmellanodorandthenratetheintensity（強度)andpleasantnessoftheodoronascalefrom1(extremelyweak/unpleasant)to7（extremelystrong/pleasant).Beforetheyleft,theparticipantsneededtoleaveabloodsample。Aftercomparinggenesoftheparticipants，researchersfoundallhaddifferentsmellingabilitiesandthatthedifferencesbetweentheseabilitiescouldbetracedtocertaingenes.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes，humanbeingshavenearly400genesthatdirectlycontrolreceptors（器官)andinfluencethewaythesereceptorsbecomeactive.“Odors..。turnonspecificreceptors,whichthentellsusifwe’resmellingaflower，howstrongwefindit，andwhetherwelikeit,"saidCaseyTrimmer，ageneticistandtheleadauthorofthestudy.“Onesmallchangeinthegeneforthereceptorcanchangeitsshapeandhowwelltheodorfits,therebychangingtheawarenessoftheodor."Thoughgenesplayadecisiveroleinourabilitytosmell,otherfactors,includingattention,pastassociationsandexpectations,areimportantaswell。Forexample，ifwelovethesmellofroses,wearedrawntotheirsmellandpayspecialattentiontoit.Butwhatdoesourdifferentabilitiestosenseodorsmean?“Smellingisthemostimportantsensefortherestoftheanimalkingdom，”saidTrimmer。Although，unlikeotheranimals，humansaren'tanylongerdependentontheirsenseofsmelltofindfoodordetectdanger,smellisstillasignificantsense。ThereisalsoevidencethatareducedsenseofsmellisanearlysymptomofAlzheimer’sdisease.12。Whatdidthestudyfindaboutsmelling?A.Menandwomenhavedifferentsmellingabilities.B。Differencesbetweensmellingabilitieslieingenes.C。People'sabilitiestosmellchangeovertime。D。Humanbeingscantell150odorsapart.13。WhatcanwelearnfromCaseyTrimmer'swords?A。Ourreceptorswon’tworkwhenwesmellanunpleasantsmell.B。People’spreferencesforsmellscanaffecttheirhealth.C.Smallchangesingenesforsmellingmakeadifference。D。Thesenseofsmellisthemostimportanthumansense.14。Whichmightinfluenceoursmellingabilityaccordingtothetext?A。Pastexperiences。 B。Theenvironment.C.Othersenses。 D.Theculturalbelief.15。Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？A.Manhasabettersenseofsmellthananimals.B。Mancanusetheirsenseofsmelltodetectdanger。C.Thelossofsmellingcausesmanyhealthproblems.D。Poorsmellingabilitymaybeasignalofearlydisease.【答案】12.B13。C14。A15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文.文章講述了，一項研究表明：人們對某些氣味的識別能力不同，與不同的基因有關(guān)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Aftercomparinggenesoftheparticipants，researchersfoundallhaddifferentsmellingabilitiesandthatthedifferencesbetweentheseabilitiescouldbetracedtocertaingenes.”（研究人員通過比較參與者的基因后發(fā)現(xiàn),所有人都有不同的嗅覺能力,這些能力之間的差異可以追溯到某些基因上.)，可知研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嗅覺能力的差異在于基因。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第六段中的“Onesmallchangeinthegeneforthereceptorcanchangeitsshapeandhowwelltheodorfits，therebychangingtheawarenessoftheodor.”（受體基因的一個微小變化就可以改變它的形狀和氣味的適應(yīng)程度，從而改變對氣味的認(rèn)識），從凱西·特里默的話中可知嗅覺基因的微小變化會產(chǎn)生不同.故選C項.【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“Thoughgenesplayadecisiveroleinourabilitytosmell,otherfactors，includingattention，pastassociationsandexpectations,areimportantaswell.”（雖然基因?qū)ξ覀冃嵊X的能力起著決定性的作用，但其他因素，包括注意力、過去的聯(lián)系和期望，也很重要.），可知注意力、過去的經(jīng)歷和期望也可能會影響我們的嗅覺能力.故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“ThereisalsoevidencethatareducedsenseofsmellisanearlysymptomofAlzheimer’sdisease."（還有證據(jù)表明嗅覺減退是老年癡呆癥的早期癥狀.），可推斷出嗅覺能力差可能是早期疾病的信號。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itisknowntousthateveryyearofhighschoolisatoughandbusytime。___16___Weallknowthatnotgettingenoughsleepisnotgoodforourhealth,butithasbeenfoundthatlesssleepcouldevencauseustohavefewerfriends。AccordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia，peoplewhodon'tgetenoughsleeparelesswillingtosocializewithothers.___17___Theresearcherscarriedoutasmallstudy.Theytested18youngparticipantswhohadjusthadagoodnight’ssleep，andtestedthemagainafterasleeplessnight。___18___Wheneachpersononthevideogottoo“close”，theycouldchoosetostopthevideo。Theresultsshowedthattheparticipantskepteachpersonatadistanceof60percentfurtherbackiftheyhadn'tgottenenoughsleep。___19___Butwhentheparticipantsgotagoodnight’ssleep,theyallowedthepersontogetmuchclosertothem.AccordingtoleadresearcherMatthewWalker,thelesssleepyouget，thelessyouwanttosocializewithothers。Inturn,otherpeoplemaythinkyou’restrangeandstayawayfromyou.___20___Soifyouwanttobeamoresociableandpopularperson，sleepingwellmighthelp.“Onenightofgoodsleepmakesyoufeelmoreoutgoingandsociallyconfident,”Walkersaid.A.Theyaresimplytootiredtogoout。B。Toolittlesleepmakesusgetsickeasily.C.Youmayhavetroublegettingenoughsleep。D。Herearesometipstohelpyoubeatyoursleepproblems.E.Theyfeltthattheirpersonalspacewasbeingtakenover。F。Thiscanmakeyoufeellonelyandcauseyoutosleepevenless.G.Theparticipantswatchedvideosofpeoplewalkingtowardthem.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19。E20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了,一項研究表明:睡眠不足的人更不愿意與他人交往?！?6題詳解】由上一句“我們都知道,高中的每一年都是一段艱難而忙碌的時光."和下一句“我們都知道睡眠不足對我們的健康不利,但人們發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠不足甚至?xí)?dǎo)致我們的朋友減少."可知,高中艱難而忙碌，學(xué)生們無法獲得足夠的睡眠,睡眠不足對身體不好，還影響交友，承接上下文，C選項“可能無法獲得足夠的睡眠。"切題；該選項中的havetroublegettingenoughsleep對應(yīng)下文中的notgettingenoughsleep。故選C項.【17題詳解】由上一句“據(jù)加州大學(xué)的研究人員稱，睡眠不足的人更不愿意與他人交往?！笨芍?，承接上文,A選項“他們實在太累了，以至于不想出去。”切題;上下兩句具有因果邏輯關(guān)系，因為睡眠不足，累的不愿出門,只想睡覺，所以不愿意與他人交往。故選A項.【18題詳解】由下一句“視頻中的每個人都太“接近”時,他們可以選擇停止視頻。”可知,承接下文，G選項“參與者觀看了人們走向他們的視頻?！鼻蓄}；該選項中的videosofpeoplewalkingtowardthem對應(yīng)下文中的eachpersononthevideogottoo“close”。故選G項?！?9題詳解】由上一句“結(jié)果顯示，如果沒有足夠的睡眠，參與者會讓每個人保持60％的距離。"可知，保持60%的距離，說明私人空間被占去了許多，承接上文,E選項“他們覺得他們的私人空間被占去了?！鼻蓄}。故選E項?！?0題詳解】由上兩句“根據(jù)首席研究員馬修·沃克的說法，睡眠越少，你就越不想和別人交往。反過來,別人可能會覺得你很奇怪，離你遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的。”可知,別人離你遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的,你會感到孤獨，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項“這會讓你感到孤獨,讓你睡得更少?！鼻蓄}。故選F項。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TenyearsagoIwasvisitingCostaRicawhenIfoundIwasinabadsituation。IonlyknewbasicSpanish,andtheonly___21___IhadweresomecoinsandareturntickettoGuatemalaintwoweeks.Withthecoins，ImanagedtoarriveatSantaRosabybus.Itwas___22___inthemiddleofthenight,butIcouldseesome___23___inthedistance，soI___24___towardthem.Iwent___25___doortodoor,explainingmysituation?！癐can____26____andcleanandlookafteryourkids，Icandoanything,canyougivemea___27___?”Everybodyrepliedsaying“Ohmygosh，butweareso___28___。Wehavenoextrafood。Maybeyoucantrythenext___29___?！盕inally，IarrivedataChineserestaurant,theownerofwhichwasunbelievably____30____。Shetoldmethathersonhada(n)____31____experience。Atthattime,someotherpeoplewereverykindtohim，andsherememberedhow____32____thatmadeherfeel.ShecalledtheRedCrossto____33____me。Withtheirhelp，Ispentmy____34____daysinCostaRica.I’ve____35____allovertheworld。Butthiswasoneofthebesttrips,thebesttwo_____36_____Ieverhadinmytravelinglife.Atfirst，Ifelt____37____andstupidfornottravelingwithaclearplan.ButthenIrealizedthatwhenyou'reinapositiontobeableto____38____,itactuallymakespeoplefeelhappier。Beingabletoreceivekindnessisa____39____forotherpeopleaswell。Andkindness____40____morekindnessinsmallripples(漣漪）.21.A.tools B.records C.choices D。things22。A。busy B。hot C。dark D.cold23.A。stores B.houses C。bookshops D。bus—stops24A。walked B.fled C.wandered D。jumped25.A.hitting B。knocking C。answering D.kicking26.A.cook B.fish C。swim D。fight27.A。coffee B.bed C。tip D。job28.A.unlucky B。poor C。ordinary D.hard29。A。company B。factory C。family D.restaurant30。A。kind B。polite C。honest D。easygoing31。A。relaxing B.different C.similar D.pleasant32。A。tough B。grateful C。terrible D。warm33.A。seize B.check C.find D.rescue34.A.remaining B。passing C.rewarding D。exciting35。A.surveyed B.driven C.traveled D。studied36。A.days B.weeks C.months D.years37.A。ashamed B。optimistic C.fortunate D.curious38。A。offer B。help C.receive D。repay39。A。talent B。gift C.chance D。character40。A.proves B.reflects C。forces D.inspires【答案】21。D22.C23。B24.A25.B26。A27。D28。B29。C30。A31.C32。B33。D34.A35。C36。B37。A38.C39.B40.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文.文章講述了,作者十年前去哥斯達(dá)黎加旅游時發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處境很糟糕，后來一個中國飯店老板幫助了他?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只懂基本的西班牙語,我僅有的東西是一些硬幣和兩周后回危地馬拉的機票。A.tools工具;B。records記錄；C。choices選擇；D。things東西.由下文的IhadweresomecoinsandareturntickettoGuatemalaintwoweeks可知,這是作者唯一擁有的東西。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看見遠(yuǎn)處的一些房子，所以我朝它們走去。A。busy繁忙的;B.hot熱的；C.dark黑暗的；D。cold寒冷的。由下文的inthemiddleofthenight可知，半夜天黑。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看見遠(yuǎn)處的一些房子，所以我朝它們走去。A。stores商店;B。houses房子;C。bookshops書店；D。bus-stops公交站.由下文的Iwent___5___doortodoor可知，作者看到了遠(yuǎn)處的一些房子。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看見遠(yuǎn)處的一些房子，所以我朝它們走去。A.walked走路；B。fled逃跑;C.wandered閑逛;D。jumped跳。由下文的Iwent___5___doortodoor可知，作者朝房子走去，挨家挨戶敲門。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我挨家挨戶地敲門，解釋我的處境。A.hitting打擊；B.knocking敲；C.answering回答；D.kicking踢。由本處語境可知，此處指作者挨家挨戶敲門。故選B項.【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我會做飯、打掃衛(wèi)生、照顧你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能給我一份工作嗎？A.cook做飯；B。fish釣魚；C.swim游泳;D.fight打架。由下文的andcleanandlookafteryourkids可知，此處指作者會做飯、打掃衛(wèi)生、照顧孩子。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我會做飯、打掃衛(wèi)生、照顧你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能給我一份工作嗎?A。coffee咖啡；B。bed床；C.tip提示；D。job工作.由上文語境可知，作者現(xiàn)在只有幾個硬幣，他想通過付出勞動找一份工作賺錢。