語法與練習(xí)1/161

English

Grammar人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞不定代詞代詞綜合練習(xí)

名詞冠詞數(shù)詞介詞動(dòng)詞do

動(dòng)詞have

there

be

構(gòu)造情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

時(shí)間體現(xiàn)法形容詞（副詞）比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)選擇疑問句祈使句感慨句狀語從句時(shí)態(tài)：

一般目前時(shí)練習(xí)目前進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)

一般將來時(shí)練習(xí)一般過去時(shí)練習(xí)2/161人稱代詞：替代人或事物代詞叫人稱代詞.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分.主格一般在句子中作主語，賓格在句子中作動(dòng)詞或介詞賓語.

人稱主格賓格第一人稱I(單數(shù))mewe(復(fù)數(shù))us

第二人稱you(單\復(fù)數(shù))you

第三人稱he(單數(shù))himshe(單數(shù))herit(單數(shù))itthey(復(fù)數(shù))them注意：it能被用來替代一種東西、一種動(dòng)物或一種未知人.they能被用來替代兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上東西、動(dòng)物或人.例：動(dòng)詞主語動(dòng)詞賓語介詞賓語

IlikeWendy.Wendylikesme.Wendyisfondofme.HelikesWendyWendylikeshim.Wendyisfondofhim.Grammar3/161模仿示例,用括號(hào)里代詞正確形式完成下列句子.例如：Maryistalkingtome(I/me)onthephone.1.(We/Us)wentswimmingatthebeachyesterday.2.(He/Him)isMichael’sgoodfriend.3Ihaven’tseen(they/them)foralongtime.4.Ilikemybossbecause(he/him)isveryfriendly.5.Kittyisolderthan(I/me)but(I/me)amolderthanSusan.6.Itold(he/him)towaitbut(he/him)didn’t.7.A:Whotookmyradio?B:(I/Me)havenoideawhotook(it/him).8.A:Wherearethefootballplayer?B:There(they/them)are.9.A:IsthatKennethoverthere?B:Yes,that’s(he/him).10.A:IsRaymondhard-working?B:Yes,(he/him)is.Everyoneintheofficerespects(he/him).練習(xí)4/161物主代詞：也稱代詞所有格.表白誰某物或某物歸屬于誰.分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞.形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語，背面必須跟有名詞.名詞性物主代詞相稱于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞.

人稱形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱my(單)/our(復(fù))mine(單)ours(復(fù))第二人稱your(單/復(fù))yours(單/復(fù))第三人稱hisherits(單)/their(復(fù))hishersits(單)/theirs(復(fù))注意：辨別its與it’s.its是it形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞，it’s

是itis或ithas縮寫例：形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞

That’smypen.Thatpenismine.Thisisourmoney.Thismoneyisours.Theseareyourshoes.Theseshoesareyours.Thosearehisgoldfish.Thosegoldfisharehis.That’sherfile.Thatfileishers.Thatisitsfood.Thatfoodisits.Thesearetheirtoys.Thesetoysaretheirs.Grammar5/161模仿示例,用括號(hào)里詞開頭,改寫下列句子.例如：Theirbooksareonthetable.(Thebooks)Thebooksonthetablearetheirs.

1.Theirredshirtsareonthechair.(Theredshirts)2.Yourroomisthefirstoneonthefourthfloor.(Thefirstroom)3.Myschoolbagisunderthetable.(Theschoolbag)4.Herpianoisinthesittingroom.(Thepiano)5.Myposteristhebiggestoneonthenotice-board.(Thebiggestposter)6.TheirofficeisnexttoJohn’s.(Theoffice)7.Hiscarisattheendofthestreet.(Thecar)8.Ourclassroomisthebiggestoneintheschool.(Thebiggestclassroom)9.HerglassesareontheTV.(Theglasses)10.Hislettersareonmydesk.(Theletters)練習(xí)6/161Key:1.Theredshirtsonthechairaretheirs.2.Thefirstroomonthefourthfloorisyours.3.Theschoolbagunderthetableismine.4.Thepianointhesittingroomishers.5.Thebiggestposteronthenotice-boardismine.6.TheofficenexttoJohn’sistheirs.7.Thecarattheendofthestreetishis.8.Thebiggestclassroomintheschoolisours.9.TheglassesontheTVarehers.10.Thelettersonmydeskarehis.7/161反身代詞(ReflexivePronouns)表達(dá)反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)代詞以-self或-selves結(jié)尾。一、反身代詞組成二、使用方法：1、在句中作賓語。表達(dá)動(dòng)作回射到動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者本身。

e.g.Healwaysthinksofhimself.Thegirlcanwashherselfnow.2、在句中用來加強(qiáng)語調(diào)，表達(dá)“親自”“本人”意思。

e.g.Youcandoityourself.Imustseetheheadmasterhimself.Grammar8/161反身代詞組成人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves

第二人稱yourselfyourselveshimself

第三人稱herselfthemselvesitself第一、二人稱由形容詞性物主代詞加-self/-selves組成.第三人稱由人稱代詞賓格形式加-self/-selves組成.所有重音均在這個(gè)音節(jié)上.Grammar9/161Fillintheblankswithreflexivepronounces:（用反身代詞填空）1.Sheteaches

English.2.Theyenjoy

atthepartyeverySaturdayevening.3.TodayI’mgoingtobuy

atennisracket.4.Pleasemake

athome,children.5.Timoftenforces

tosleeplate.6.Canyousee

inthephotograph?7.Shelivesby

.8.Wemakesandwichesfor

.9.Theoldladyalwaystalksto

.10.Paulispleasedwith

becausehedoeswellinhiswork.herselfthemselvesmyselfyourselveshimselfherselfherselfhimselfyourselfourselves練習(xí)10/161不定代詞some,any,no.some,any,no都既能夠修飾可數(shù)名詞，又能夠修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

Some一般用在肯定句中。e.g.Heaskedmesomequestions.Therearesomechildrenoutside.Thereissomemilkinthefridge.Someofusagreewiththestatementandsomedisagree.Somepeopleareearlyrisers.Motherisdoingsomewashingnow.Some也可用在表達(dá)‘祈求’、‘提議’疑問句中，希望回答‘yes’e.g.Willyougetmesomematches?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Whydon’tyougetsomepeopletohelpyou?Doyouneedsomehelp?Grammar11/161

Any用在否認(rèn)和疑問句中。e.g.Arethereanystampsinthedrawer?Ihaven’tgotanyworktodo.Doyouknowanygooddoctor?Letmeknowrightawayifyouhaveanynews.Didshegiveyouany?Any也可用在肯定句中，表達(dá)‘任何’。e.g.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.Comeanydayyoulike.Anytimeyouwantme,justsendforme.

Grammar12/161

No只能作定語。no=notany,nota(an)e.g.Therearenolettersforyoutoday.Heisnofriendofmine.Noboyintheclasshaseverseenthesea.No用于警告、命令等標(biāo)識(shí)。e.g.Nosmoking!Noparking!Grammar13/161

用some,any和no填空：Iwanttobuy_______newclothes,butIhaven’tgot______money.Therearen’t_______seatsleftonthebus.Ihad________sweets,butmysisterdidn’thave_______.Shesaw________squirrelsintheparkyesterday.Heheard________noisesoutsidehisbedroomwindowlastnight.Theydon’thave______ticketsfortheconcert.Whyisn’tthere_______breadinthekitchen?Motherbought_______justthisafternoon.Werethere_______telephonecallsformewhileIwasaway?Boy:Haveyougot_______friendsnearwhereyoulive?Girl:________,butnotmany.someanyanysomeanysomesomeanyanysomeanyanysome練習(xí)14/161HaveMrMrsHarrisgot_______children?Wewenttosee________clownsatthecircus.Janehasgot________newshoes.They’relovely!Don’tyouhave_________lessonstoday?Peterhas_________friends.Iamsorryforhim.Idon’twant________vegetables,thankyou.Havethey________orangesinthemarkettoday?Peter’sabadboy.Hedoes________workatallandplaysallday.I’vegot_______potatoes,_______onionsand_______carrots,butIcan’tfind________tomatoes.–WhyhasJohngot________classestoday?--Becausetherearen’t________inourschool,today.anysomesomeanynoanyanynosomesomesomeanyanyno練習(xí)15/161一、閱讀下列疑問句或陳說句,然后選出最佳答案.1.John,who’sthatphonecallfor?A.That’smine.B.It’sforme.C.Isthatyours?D.He’scallingme.2.IsRosannainherroom?A.Yes,thisroomishers.B.No,shedidn’ttellme.C.No,it’snotherroom.D.Yes,sheis.3.Isthatmaponthewallmine?A.Yes,it’shis.B.No,it’snotyours.C.No,mymapisonthetable.D.Yes,I’msureit’smine.4.Mymotherisanurse.A.Thenurseismine.B.Thehousewifeismymother.C.Mineisadoctor.D.Metoo.5.Theirschooluniformsarepurpleandwhite.A.Oursareblueandgreen.B.Wearethesame.C.Whiteishiscolor.D.Yourcolorisgreen.語法練習(xí)16/1616.Doyouknowwheremycamerais?A.Oh,yourcameraisaniceone.B.No,Ionlyknowhowtousemine.C.No,Iknownothingaboutcameras.D.Yes,it’sonthesofa.7.Whoseexaminationresultsarebetter?A.Ido.B.It’sme.C.Mineare.D.Theyaremine.8.Myfavoritecolorispurple.A.He’syellow.B.It’sredtome.C.Theirsisorange.D.Isheblack?9.Mary’sinHospital.A.I’msorrytohearthat.B.Sheisbad.C.It’sveryunfortunateofherD.She’llrecoversoon.10.Isthisraincoathis?A.Yes,it’smine.B.Itmustbehim.C.No,Ithinkit’syours.D.Yes,hisraincoatisoverthere.語法練習(xí)17/161二、Inthefollowingexercise,puttheverbsinbracketsinthePresentSimple,putinthemissingpossessiveadjectives*,andputinthemissingpersonalpronouns#.(用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞一般目前時(shí)填空，并在*處填上合適物主代詞，在#處填上合適人稱代詞.）BrianandTom______(work)inLondon.James____(be)______*friend.James__________(introduce)______#to______*motherandfather.Jamesalso______(have)asister.______*name______(be)Janeand________#________(be)anengineer.John____(be)afriendofBrianandTomtoo.______#_______(come)fromacityinAustralia.AndrewandJohn______(be)doctors.Andrew______(like)John,but___________(not/like)Tom.Tom____________(work)with_______*daughter._______#______(be)engineers.work

isthemintroducestheirlikesshehisisHerhascomesHeisisaredoesn’tlikearehisworksThey語法練習(xí)18/161三、Fillinthegapsbelowwiththecorrectpronouns.（用代詞恰當(dāng)形式填空.）1)Englishpeoplelove

dogs.

buyexpensivefood（購(gòu)買昂貴食物）for

，talkto

andsometimessleepwith

on

beds.Thedogsdon‘tsleepon

own（自己）bedsbuton

！2)Johnloves

brother,Tom.

alwayswalkstoschoolwith

andhelps

with

homework.

does

ownhomework,andsometimesdoes

brother’stoo！Tomdoesn‘tdoit

.3)MyfriendandIlove

teacher，MissBrown.

like

lessonsverymuch.

areinterestingand

isalwayshappy.theirtheirthemTheythemthemtheirstheirhishimHehimselfhimhisHehishisourWeTheysheour語法練習(xí)19/161四、Completethistable.（填寫下表）

(人稱代詞)PersonalPronouns

主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞SubjectObjectPossessiveAdjectivePossessivePronounReflexive

IyourshimselfheritsourselvesyourselvesThey語法練習(xí)meyourselfherselfthemselvesmyselfyoumyyouryoumineheherhershishimhissheititselfitsitusourweoursyouyouyoursyourthemtheirtheirs20/161五、Fillintheblankswithproperpronounces:(用合適代詞填空）1.Wemustnotthinkonlyof

.(us,ourselves)2.Whowillgotherewith

?Nobody,she’llgothere

.(herself,her)3.“Help

tosomefish.”MrsGreensaidtoPeter.(yourself,yourselves)4.Ican’trepairthemodelship

.(me,myself)5.Theycooksupperfor

.(themselves,himself)6.Onthistrip,youboysneedtolookafter

.(yourself,yourselves)7.Hegave

apresentforChristmas.(his,himself)8.Hecantypetheletter

.(himself,him)9.I’moldenoughtodress

now.(me,myself)10.Onemustrespect

.(one,oneself)ourselvesherherselfyourselfmyselfmyselfthemselvesyourselveshimselfhimselfoneself語法練習(xí)21/161

六、在需要地方，用a,an,some,any,many填空：_______policemeninBritainhaveguns,butonlyafewofthem.Doyouwant_______apple?Thisis_______reallybeautifulhouse.Thereare_______fiveChineseinmyclass._______friendsofmyparentsliveinChina.TheyareAustralian.Haveyou_______eggstoday?_______eagleisabigbird.Johnhasgot_______verybignoses.What_______beautifulgarden!_______peopleliveinverybighouses._______studentsinChinawanttolearnEnglishthesedays.Arethere_______policewomeninHongKong?Someana/SomeanyAnaaSomeManyany語法練習(xí)22/161

七、用a,an,some,any填空：Haveyougot_______flat?Iwanttobe_______actor.Doyouhave_________pork?Johnhasgot_______bigfeet,buthe’s_______fastrunner.Youneed_______visatovisit__________foreigncountries.Janeis_______teacherandherparentsare_______teacherstoolTheseare_______verynicetrousers.Howmucharethey?TomalwaysgivesAnn___________flowersonherbirthday.Haveyou_______rice?Hegivesme_______cardeveryyearformybirthday.aanany/aasome(/)a//some(/)anya語法練習(xí)23/161

疑問句：英語中有四種疑問句：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。一般疑問句：是將句中助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞放在主語前面。一般用yes和no來回答。e.g.Haveyoulockedthedoor?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.DoyouknowJack?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋一般疑問句要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來回答。e.g.Whoisstandingatthewindow?Mysisteris..Howmuchdoesitcost?Fiftyyuan.反意疑問句:前面是一種陳說句，背面是一種簡(jiǎn)略問句。用yes和no來回答。e.g.Theirdaughterisveryclever,isn’tshe?Jacklikestea,doesn’the?Youdon’tlikeyourjob,doyou?Sheisneverlateforschool,isshe?Grammar24/161

選擇疑問句：兩種。要作詳細(xì)回答。１、前面是一種一般疑問句，背面用or連接一種選擇項(xiàng)目。e.g.Shallwegobybusorbytrain?DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?ShallIdoitorwillyoudoityourself?Areyoureadyornot?Doyouwanttobuyitornot?２、一種特殊疑問句加兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上選擇（用or連接）。e.g.Whodoyoulikebetter,TomorDerek?Whichdoyouprefer,coffeeortea?Whichicecreamwouldyoulike,chocolate,vanillaorstrawberry?Grammar25/161

時(shí)間體現(xiàn)法：

一、數(shù)字體現(xiàn)法：直接讀出數(shù)字。e.g.

1:00

one(o’clock)

2:05

twofive

3:15

threefifteen

5:30

fivethirty

7:45

sevenforty-five

8:58

eightfifty-eight二、介詞體現(xiàn)法：分鐘數(shù)在半小時(shí)之內(nèi)（含半小時(shí)）,用介詞past.表達(dá)‘幾點(diǎn)過幾分’.e.g.4:03three(minutes)pastfour6:10tenpastsix9:15aquarterpastnine2:25twenty-fivepasttwo11:30halfpasteleven分鐘數(shù)超出半小時(shí)，用to。表達(dá)‘幾點(diǎn)差幾分’.e.g.5:35twenty-fivetosix1:40twentytotwo3:45aquartertofour7:55fivetoeight12:59onetoone**上午和下午體現(xiàn)：１、在時(shí)間后加inthemorning

或intheafternoon。２、在時(shí)間后加a.m.

或p.m.。Grammar26/161用數(shù)字體現(xiàn)法和介詞體現(xiàn)法講出下列時(shí)刻：

6：152：3811：033：5612：254：406：309：051：5010：358：105：45

練習(xí)27/161

名詞名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞兩大類.可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分,名詞數(shù)決定謂語動(dòng)詞數(shù).不可數(shù)名詞一般只有單數(shù)形式，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。

可數(shù)名詞

tablebookwalletbagglass

light

不可數(shù)名詞

milkwatermoneyinformationteaoilpaper可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式有

規(guī)則變化

和

不規(guī)則變化

兩種.

不可數(shù)名詞能夠借助單位詞來表達(dá)一定數(shù)量。

adropofwater,asheetofpaper,apieceofnews,atonofcoal

注意：名詞規(guī)則變化加–s

發(fā)音。

某些

特殊名詞及變化。

Grammar28/161

規(guī)則變化是在名詞后加-s,詳細(xì)變化規(guī)則如下:1、一般情況下,加–se.g.book-booksmap-mapsteacher-teachersway-ways2、在s,x,sh,ch后,加–es.e.g.bus-busesbox-boxesbrush-brusheswatch-watches3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,變y為i再加-es.e.g.family-familiesfactory-factoriesparty-partiesdiary-diaries4、以f,fe結(jié)尾,則變f,fe為v,再加-es.e.g.live-livesknife-kniveswife-wiveshalf-halvesleaf-leaves5、以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾,加–s.e.g.hero-heroespotato-potatoestomato-tomatoes

6、以元音字母加o結(jié)尾,加–es.e.g.radio-radioszoo-zoosbamboo-bamboos

7、有些詞(含外來詞)加-s.需記憶.e.g.photo-photospiano-pianosmemo-memoskilo-kilos

Grammar29/161

名詞不規(guī)則變化，如下:1、變內(nèi)部元音

foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse-miceman-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemen

2、單復(fù)數(shù)同形

Chinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer-deerfish-fishsheep-sheep3、詞尾加-en

child-childrenox-oxenGrammar30/161

名詞后加-s

讀音,如下:1、在清輔音后，讀/s/

lakesdesksmaps

2、在濁輔音和元音后，讀/z/

dogsmachinesseasdrivers3、在/s,z,∫,t∫,dЗ/后，讀/iz/

glassesrosesdisheschurchespagesbridges4、在/t,d/后，讀/ts,dz/

partsbirdsstudentsseedsboatsfields注意：有些名詞復(fù)數(shù)發(fā)音，有變化。

house/s/-houses/ziz/cloth/θ/-clothes/z/

Grammar31/161

特殊名詞及變化1、有些名詞加–s形式表達(dá)種類。

兩條魚是

twofish，

two

fishes

表達(dá)兩種魚。

food

是不可數(shù)名詞，

foods

表達(dá)多種食物。

people

表達(dá)‘人’時(shí)，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只能說two

people,many

people；‘一種人’不能說apeople,應(yīng)當(dāng)說a

person；

apeople

表達(dá)‘一種民族’，two

peoples

表達(dá)‘兩個(gè)民族’。2、有些以–f,-fe結(jié)尾詞，直接加-s

roofsbeliefsroofshandkerchiefssafes

有些以–f,-fe結(jié)尾詞，變–f,-fe為–ves或直接加-s

皆可。

dwarf–dwarfs/dwarvesscarf–scarfs/scarves3、復(fù)合名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般是將主要部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。

lookers-onpassers-bysons-in-lawbus-driversfootball-playersboy-studentsgirl-servants

Grammar32/161

由man

或woman

作為第一部分復(fù)合名詞，兩個(gè)部分皆變復(fù)數(shù)men

writers

women

doctors

men

cooks

women

singers

4、有些名詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

apairoftrousers/shoes/gloves/glasses/shorts/scissors/jeans5、單數(shù)集體名詞可看作是一種整體，也可看作若干個(gè)體。

familyclassgroupteampolicestaffcrowdaudience6、有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，卻用作單數(shù)。

maths(mathematics)newsmeanseconomicsphysics7、表達(dá)時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在作為一整體看待時(shí)，當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待。

Tenpoundsistooexpensiveforthispen.Twomilesisnotlong.Fifteenminutesisquiteenough.Threepoundsisnotsoheavy.Grammar33/161Choosethecorrectnounsinthesentencesbelow.1)Idon’twear(trouser/trousers)toplayfootball.Iwear(short/shorts).2)Abicycleisaverycheap(mean/means)oftransport.3)Shecan’tseeverywell.Sheneeds(glass/glasses).4)Shewantstocuthishair.Sheneeds(scissor/scissors).5)weneedfour(people/persons)toplaythisgame.練習(xí)34/161Choosethecorrectformoftheverb,singularorplural.e.g.BecauseIamgoodwithnumbers,mathematics(is/are)easyforme.1)Thenews(isn’t/aren’t)verygoodtoday.2)Threedays(is/aren’t)longenoughforagoodholiday.3)Haveyougotyourscissors?Mine(isn’t/aren’t)sharpenough.4)Englandalways(loses/lose)atbadminton.5)Phoneforataxi.Sixmiles(is/are)alongway.練習(xí)35/161Completethesentencesafterthemodel.Model:ourholidaylaststhreeweeks.Itisa

three-week

holiday.Thegirlsare14yearsold.Theyare

14-year-old

girls.1)Thewomanis30.Sheisa___________________________.2)Theflightlastssixhours.Itisa_____________________________.3)Thebookhasgot200pages.Itisa______________________________.4)Theticketscosttwentyyuan.Theyare___________________________.5)ThisChinesecabbageweighsfivejin.Itisa______________________________.30-year-oldwomansix-hourflight200book20-yuantickets

five-jinChinesecabbage練習(xí)36/161Rewritethesentencesandcorrecttheerrors.1)Thereisfivepersonsontheroom.2)Istheretwobusesnearaentrance?3)Thisboysovertherearemyfriend.4)Theyhasknifesandforkesinacoffeeshop.5)Aretherenostudentsofeconomicsinauniversity?6)Theyhasgotthreechildandnowanewbaby.7)Aoldwomenwantsadoubleroomsforthehotel.8)Isthisanyboxesonthekitchen?arefivepeopleinare/theThose/friendshaveknivesandforksany/thehave/childrenAnoldwoman/roomArethereanyboxesin…?練習(xí)37/161

改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤：Thereismanystudentsintheseschool.Ihaveverygoodmother.HisparentisChineses.Anyofmyfather’sfriendslivesinBeijing.Ohdear!Haven’tyougotsomemoneys?ThebankerandherwifelivesinLondon.WehaveaholidaysinAugust.Somepolicemenisverytall.arethisaparentsareChineseSomeanymoneylive\arelive練習(xí)38/161

冠詞：是置于名詞之前、說明名詞所示人或事物一種虛詞。冠詞也能夠說是名詞一種標(biāo)志，它不能離開名詞而獨(dú)立存在。英語中冠詞有三個(gè)，即定冠詞、不定冠詞

和零冠詞。

定冠詞

the

相稱于this

或that，表達(dá)特指。定冠詞the

在元音音素前讀/i/，在輔音音素前讀//。如：Theairwasfullofbutterflies.Thebattlestartedonthemorningofthetwenty-fourth.

不定冠詞

a,an

相稱于one,有單一含義，有時(shí)也可指一類。

a,an在含義上并無不一樣，只是a

用于輔音音素前，讀//；而an

則用于元音音素前，讀/n/。如：Armstrongisamanoffewwords.Weliveaboutanhourfromthecity.

零冠詞是名詞前一種無形冠詞，即一般所說不用冠詞場(chǎng)所。很多專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞都用零冠詞。如：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Knowledgeispower.

Grammar39/161

定冠詞使用方法：1、用于單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞之前。表達(dá)特指。e.g.Theoldmanoverthereishisgrandfather.Thewaterishot.There’sabookonthedesk.Thebookismine.2、表達(dá)世界上獨(dú)一無二事物。

e.g.Thesunislikeagreatballoffireinthesky.3、用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)和方位名詞前。

e.g.Sundayisthefirstdayoftheweek?Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.4、與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或某些形容詞連用，表達(dá)一類。e.g.Thehorseisausefulanimal.theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor,thesick,theblindGrammar40/1615、用于樂器名稱前。e.g.thepiano,theviolin,theorgan

6、用于表達(dá)階級(jí)、黨派名詞前。e.g.theworkingclass,theCommunistParty7、用于由一般名詞組成專有名詞前。e.g.theGreatWall,thePeople’sRepublicofChina,theUnitedNations8、用于表達(dá)江河、海洋、山脈、島嶼名稱前。e.g.theChangjiangRiver,thePacificOcean,theHimalayas9、用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前，指一家人。e.g.theGreens,theBlacks10、用于固定詞組和習(xí)常使用方法中。e.g.Inthemiddle,