惠州市2021屆高三第一次模擬考試試題英語(yǔ)試卷共8頁(yè)，卷面滿(mǎn)分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆直接將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms(節(jié)氣).TheSpringEquinox(春分),asthefourthtermoftheyear,startsonMarch20andendsonApril3thisyear.HerearethingsyoumaynotknowabouttheSpringEquinox.SwallowsflyingnorthTheancientChinesepeopledividedthefifteendaysoftheSpringEquinoxintothree“hou’s”,orfive-dayparts.Astheoldsayinggoes,swallowsflybacktotheNorthinthefirsthou;thundercrackstheskyinthesecondhou;lightningoccursfrequentlyinthethirdhou.ItvividlyrevealstheclimatefeatureduringtheSpringEquinox.Egg-standinggamesStandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthatdatesbackto4,000yearsago.Itisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.FlyingkitesTheSpringEquinoxisagoodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes,peopledidnothavegoodmedicalresources.Toprayforhealth,theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.Whenthekitewasintheair,peoplewouldcutoffthestringtoletthepaperkitefloataway,symbolizingtheflyingawayofdiseases.EatingspringvegetablesEatingspringvegetablesduringtheSpringEquinoxisacommonlypracticedcustominmanyregionsofChina.Springvegetablesrefertoseasonalvegetablesthatdifferfromplacetoplace.TheancientteachingsintheChineseclassic,HuangdiNeijing,suggestthatpeopleeatseasonalfoodstohelppreservehealthandbringgoodluck.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheSpringEquinox?A.Timedivision. B.Climatefeature.C.Customaryactivities. D.Historicalstories.2.WhatwouldancientChinesepeopledotoprayforhealth?A.Standeggs. B.Flykites.C.Eatspringvegetables. D.Observetheimmigrationofbirds.3.Whoarethetargetreadersofthetext?A.Thegeneralpublic. B.Chinesefarmers.C.Cultureresearchers. D.Weatherreporters.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了春分的有關(guān)知識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheancientChinesepeopledividedthefifteendaysoftheSpringEquinoxintothree“hou’s”,orfive-dayparts.Astheoldsayinggoes,swallowsflybacktotheNorthinthefirsthou;thundercrackstheskyinthesecondhou;lightningoccursfrequentlyinthethirdhou.ItvividlyrevealstheclimatefeatureduringtheSpringEquinox(古人把春分十五天分為“三候”，每個(gè)“候”即五天。古語(yǔ)有云，一候玄鳥(niǎo)至；二候雷乃發(fā)聲；三候始電，這生動(dòng)地披露了春分時(shí)期的氣候特征)”可知，這里介紹了春分的時(shí)間劃分和氣候特征，第三段“StandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthatdatesbackto4,000yearsago.

(春分時(shí)期，豎蛋是中國(guó)一種流行的游戲。這是一個(gè)追溯至4000年前的古老風(fēng)俗)”可知，這里介紹了春分的傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)。由此可知，文章中并沒(méi)有提到春分的歷史故事。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Toprayforhealth,theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.

(為了祈禱健康，他們把自己的醫(yī)療問(wèn)題寫(xiě)在一個(gè)紙風(fēng)箏上)”可知，古代人通過(guò)放風(fēng)箏乞求健康。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)第一段“HerearethingsyoumaynotknowabouttheSpringEquinox.(以下是一些你可能不知道的關(guān)于春分的事情)”可知，本文給我們讀者科普了春分的相關(guān)知識(shí)，此處you指的是我們廣大讀者，所以本文的讀者對(duì)象是普通大眾。故選A。BIcanrememberwhenmydaughterMaggie,whoisnowsix,usedtocrawlintomylapandsay,“Daddy,readmeastory.”Lastyearsheannounced,“Daddy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”Maggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.Afewyearsago,wewereworriednotonlythatwe’dnevergetthechildrenawayfromthesetlongenoughtolearntoread,butthatwe’dforgethowtoreadourselves.Butin1955therewasnotonlymorereadingthanbeforeTV,butmorereadingthaneverbeforeinhistory.Clearly,readinghassurvivedtelevisionasithassurvivedalotofotherthings.WhenIwassix,awailwentupaboutmenaces(威脅)toreadingathome:motorcarsandcinema.WhenMaggiecamealong,therewastelevision.Themotorcar,theradio,thecinemaandtelevisiondotakeupalotoftime.Well,we’vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit’s44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,it’llbe30.Andthere’llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She’llhavetoread.Youcan’twatchTVallday.AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI’malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn’talljoy.Likelifeitself,it’smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy(狂喜)todespair.Maggiewilllearntotaketheroughwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomoflong-deadgeniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”4.WhydotheyounggenerationlikeMaggiehavemoreaccesstoreading?A.Theyfacelessworkingpressure.B.Thereismoretimeavailableforreading.C.Theirparentsencouragethemmoreoften.DTheyhaveastrongerdesireforknowledge.5.WhatmakestheauthorenviousofMaggie?A.Herexposuretoclassicreading. B.Herproductiveworksinwriting.C.Herwildimaginationindailylife. D.Herspiritualreflectiononthebooks.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6imply?A.Maggiehasrichexperiences.B.Maggiehasagoodplanforreading.C.Maggiewillbenefitalotfromreading.D.Maggieisontheroadtobecomingagenius.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.ReadingmakesMaggieafortunategirl.B.MoregirlslikeMaggieenjoytellingstories.C.Maggie’sdaughterbringsherthebiggestthrill.D.Itisablessingthatreadingcanbepasseddown.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講了作者六歲的女兒愛(ài)上了閱讀，主動(dòng)提出給作者講一個(gè)故事，這令作者驚喜不已，從而感嘆如果讀書(shū)能夠傳承下去，將是一種巨大的福氣?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Well,we’vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit’s44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,it’llbe30.Andthere’llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She’llhavetoread.Youcan’twatchTVallday.”（我們有更多的時(shí)間了。我母親小的時(shí)候，人們每周工作大約60個(gè)小時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在是44個(gè)小時(shí)。Maggie長(zhǎng)大了，也就30個(gè)小時(shí)了。而且還會(huì)有很多小工具幫她做家務(wù)。她得讀書(shū)。你不能整天看電視）可知像Maggie這樣的年輕一代有更多機(jī)會(huì)閱讀是因?yàn)樗麄冇懈嗟臅r(shí)間可供閱讀。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI’malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.”（目前，Maggie正在讀關(guān)于JohnnyWoodchuck的書(shū)。在她前面——我有點(diǎn)嫉妒——是她第一次與《黑美人》擦身而過(guò)，愛(ài)麗絲穿過(guò)鏡子，哈克和吉姆漂流在密西西比河上，莎士比亞的情感風(fēng)暴，托爾斯泰的精神痛苦）可知Maggie正在閱讀古典著作，這正是作者羨慕她的地方。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線句上文“Forreadingisn’talljoy.Likelifeitself,it’smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy(狂喜)todespair.”（因?yàn)殚喿x并不全是快樂(lè)。就像生活本身一樣，它混雜著許多情緒，從狂喜到絕望）和最后一段“Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.””（有一天，如果她幸運(yùn)的話(huà)，她會(huì)得到最激動(dòng)的事，一個(gè)小女孩爬到她的腿上，對(duì)她說(shuō):“媽媽?zhuān)乙o你讀個(gè)故事。”）以及結(jié)合劃線句子“Maggiewilllearntotaketheroughwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomoflong-deadgeniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.”（Maggie將學(xué)會(huì)不畏艱險(xiǎn)，從古代智慧中汲取早已死去的天才的一點(diǎn)智慧之火來(lái)豐富她的精神），可知第六段中劃線句子的意思是Maggie會(huì)從閱讀中受益良多。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.””（有一天，如果她幸運(yùn)的話(huà)，她會(huì)得到最激動(dòng)的事，一個(gè)小女孩爬到她的腿上，對(duì)她說(shuō):“媽媽?zhuān)乙o你讀個(gè)故事。”）可知未來(lái)的某一天，Maggie的女兒也可能愛(ài)上閱讀，享受閱讀的樂(lè)趣，要給媽媽講個(gè)故事，這是非常幸運(yùn)的事情。由此推知，讀書(shū)能傳承下去，是一種福氣。故選D。CAtsomepointinourlives,mostofushaveattendedaschooloruniversitylecture.Theselearningsessionsgiveussomeinsightfulandvaluableknowledgeorcanbesomethingweyawnthrough,tryingtokeepawake.Whateverourexperience,lectureshavebeenandstillarethemostcommonteachingmethodineducation.Butwilltheyexistinthefuture?WiththegrowthoftheInternetandsomuchinformationatourfingertips,youmaythinkthereisnoneedtogathertogetheratafixedlocationholdingahandfuloftextbooks.BBCjournalistMattPicklessays,“Researchhasshownthatstudentsrememberaslittleas10percentoftheirlecturesjustdaysafterwards.”P(pán)rofessorCarlWiemanwhocampaignsagainstthetraditionallecture,felttalkingatstudentsandexpectingthemtoabsorbknowledgewasnotthateffectivesoheintroduced“activelearning”thatencouragesproblemsolvinginsmallgroups.Helistenstothemandguidestheirdiscussions.Theresulthasimprovedexamresults.Othernewalternativestothelecturehaveincludedpeer-to-peerlearningandproject-basedlearningthatenablestudentstolinkupandworkcooperativelyonprojectssuchasbuildingacomputergame.Butnewlearningmethodscancomeatahighfinancialcostcomparedtotherelativelycheapwayofbeingtaughtfacetofacebyanacademic.TherealissueaccordingtoProfessorDanButin,foundingdeanoftheschoolofeducationandsocialpolicyatMerrimackCollegeinMassachusetts,isthat“Academicsputthousandsofhoursofworkintotheirbooksandmuchlesstimeintothinkingabouttheeffectivenessoftheirteachingstyle.”Buthesays,“Thelecturehassurvivedbecauseresearch,notteaching,determinesthesuccessofauniversityanditsacademics.”Soifresearchqualityisameasureofauniversity’ssuccessandmoneyistight,thenthelecturecouldbehereforalittlelonger.8.WhatmayMattPicklesagreewith?A.Studentshaveapoormemory.B.Studentsdon’tworkhardenough.C.Lecturesarenotsoeffectiveasexpected.D.TheInternetoffersfarmoreinformationthanlectures.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Teachingprojects. B.Learningstrategies.C.Alternativestolectures. D.Waysofcommunication.10.WhywilllecturesstillexistinthefutureaccordingtoProfessorDanButin?A.Theypromoteactivelearning. B.Theycallfortheleastmemorywork.C.Theydeterminethesuccessofauniversity. D.Theycontributetoacademicachievements.11.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bylistingopinions.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byconcludinggeneralrules.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要就講座這種教育中最常見(jiàn)的教學(xué)方法未來(lái)是否還會(huì)存在問(wèn)題，列舉了不同的人對(duì)此的看法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“WiththegrowthoftheInternetandsomuchinformationatourfingertips,youmaythinkthereisnoneedtogathertogetheratafixedlocationholdingahandfuloftextbooks.BBCjournalistMattPicklessays,“Researchhasshownthatstudentsrememberaslittleas10percentoftheirlecturesjustdaysafterwards.”(隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，我們的指尖可以獲取如此多的信息，你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要拿著幾本教科書(shū)在一個(gè)固定的地點(diǎn)集合。BBC記者M(jìn)attPickles說(shuō)：“研究表明，幾天后學(xué)生只能記住10%的課程內(nèi)容。”)”可推知，MattPickles可能會(huì)同意C選項(xiàng)“講座沒(méi)有預(yù)期的那么有效”的觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ProfessorCarlWieman,whocampaignsagainstthetraditionallecture,felttalkingatstudentsandexpectingthemtoabsorbknowledgewasnotthateffectivesoheintroduced“activelearning”thatencouragesproblemsolvinginsmallgroups.Helistenstothemandguidestheirdiscussions.Theresulthasimprovedexamresults.Othernewalternativestothelecturehaveincludedpeer-to-peerlearningandproject-basedlearningthatenablestudentstolinkupandworkcooperativelyonprojectssuchasbuildingacomputergame.(CarlWieman教授反對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的授課方式，他覺(jué)得在學(xué)生面前講話(huà)并指望他們吸收知識(shí)的效果并不好，因此他引入了鼓勵(lì)小組解決問(wèn)題的“主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)”。他傾聽(tīng)他們并指導(dǎo)他們的討論。這個(gè)結(jié)果提高了考試成績(jī)。其他替代講座的新方法包括對(duì)等學(xué)習(xí)和基于項(xiàng)目的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生能夠相互聯(lián)系并合作完成項(xiàng)目，如制作電腦游戲)”可知，第三段主要講了講座的替代方案。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Buthesays,“Thelecturehassurvivedbecauseresearch,notteaching,determinesthesuccessofauniversityanditsacademics.”(但他表示：“講座之所以能夠流傳下來(lái)，是因?yàn)闆Q定一所大學(xué)及其學(xué)術(shù)成功的是研究，而不是教學(xué)。”)”可知，DanButin教授認(rèn)為講座在未來(lái)仍然存在是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)學(xué)術(shù)成就有貢獻(xiàn)。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“BBCjournalistMattPicklessays,“Researchhasshownthatstudentsrememberaslittleas10percentoftheirlecturesjustdaysafterwards.”(BBC記者M(jìn)attPickles說(shuō)：“研究表明，幾天后學(xué)生只能記住10%的課程內(nèi)容?！?”；第三段中“ProfessorCarlWieman,whocampaignsagainstthetraditionallecture,felttalkingatstudentsandexpectingthemtoabsorbknowledgewasnotthateffectivesoheintroduced“activelearning”thatencouragesproblemsolvinginsmallgroups.(CarlWieman教授反對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的授課方式，他覺(jué)得在學(xué)生面前講話(huà)并指望他們吸收知識(shí)的效果并不好，因此他引入了鼓勵(lì)小組解決問(wèn)題的“主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)”)”以及第四段中“TherealissueaccordingtoProfessorDanButin,foundingdeanoftheschoolofeducationandsocialpolicyatMerrimackCollegeinMassachusetts,isthat“Academicsputthousandsofhoursofworkintotheirbooksandmuchlesstimeintothinkingabouttheeffectivenessoftheirteachingstyle.”Buthesays,“Thelecturehassurvivedbecauseresearch,notteaching,determinesthesuccessofauniversityanditsacademics.”(馬薩諸塞州梅里馬克學(xué)院教育與社會(huì)政策學(xué)院的創(chuàng)辦院長(zhǎng)DanButin教授認(rèn)為，真正的問(wèn)題是“學(xué)者們把數(shù)千小時(shí)的時(shí)間投入到著書(shū)中，而花在思考教學(xué)風(fēng)格有效性上的時(shí)間卻少得多?！钡硎荆骸爸v座之所以能夠流傳下來(lái)，是因?yàn)闆Q定一所大學(xué)及其學(xué)術(shù)成功的是研究，而不是教學(xué)?！?”可推知，作者通過(guò)列出觀點(diǎn)來(lái)展開(kāi)文章。故選B。DEveryfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.ModernfarmersviewElNi?ostoically(堅(jiān)忍地).Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,“better”.DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement—andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday’swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNi?oyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNi?oyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem.12.WhatdoweknowaboutElNi?ofromthetext?A.Itcanbeusedinfarming. B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.C.Ithaslittleinfluenceonbusiness. D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.13.WhatmadethefarmsinPampadeMocanproductive?A.Richsoil. B.Agreeableclimate.CAbundantrainfall. D.Agriculturalconstructions.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNi?o?A.Approving. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Negative.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingElNi?o B.LivingwithElNi?oC.FarminginDifferentTimes D.LearningfromHistory【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在最近發(fā)表的一篇論文中,利馬太平洋大學(xué)的考古學(xué)家AriCaramanica展示了過(guò)去的農(nóng)民是如何做到利用厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象來(lái)幫助農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的。文章介紹了這一研究開(kāi)展的過(guò)程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.”(這種現(xiàn)象，厄爾尼諾，制造風(fēng)暴造成毀滅性的洪水?？芍?，B項(xiàng)Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.(厄爾尼諾是由洪水造成的。)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“n2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.(例如，2017年，厄爾尼諾關(guān)閉了秘魯北部的甘蔗業(yè)務(wù)。)”可知，C項(xiàng)Ithaslttleinfluenceonbusiness.(厄爾尼諾只對(duì)商業(yè)造成了一點(diǎn)影響)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第六段“Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.”(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)民并沒(méi)有抵抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來(lái)時(shí)準(zhǔn)備利用它。)”可知，D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.(它總是作為一種災(zāi)難而被抵制)不準(zhǔn)確，同時(shí)證明A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.(厄爾尼諾可以用于農(nóng)業(yè))是正確的。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.”(卡拉馬尼卡博士和她的同事一直在研究秘魯北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是理想的農(nóng)業(yè)用地。土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量低，年降雨量在非厄爾尼諾年通常不到兩厘米。因此，今天的農(nóng)民依靠運(yùn)河從當(dāng)?shù)氐暮恿靼阉斔偷剿麄兊霓r(nóng)田。)以及第四段“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.”(這個(gè)地區(qū)建立了大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施似乎只為了管理Nino-generated洪水)可知，農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施使莫坎潘帕的農(nóng)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)更多產(chǎn)。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.(這個(gè)地區(qū)的大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施似乎只為了管理Nino-generated洪水建立的)”第五段“EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.(證據(jù)表明，莫坎農(nóng)場(chǎng)在幾年內(nèi)生產(chǎn)了很多作物?？ɡ岵觳┦康膱F(tuán)隊(duì)還在該地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)蓄水池。這些，可能是用來(lái)儲(chǔ)存洪水的。)”可以看出，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)民并沒(méi)有抵抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來(lái)時(shí)準(zhǔn)備利用它。修建了諸如運(yùn)河、蓄水池等農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施，方法的確是有效地。因此推斷作者對(duì)于古代處理厄爾尼諾的方法是支持的。A.Approving贊同的;B.Indifferent冷漠的;C.Critical批判的;D.Negative消極的。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第三、四、五段介紹了古代農(nóng)民是如何利用厄爾尼諾的，涉及到了與厄爾尼諾共生存這一-方面，并號(hào)召現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民向他們學(xué)習(xí)。A.SurvivingEINino經(jīng)歷厄爾尼諾幸存下來(lái);B.LivingwithEINino與厄爾尼諾共同生存;C.FarminginDifferentTimes不同時(shí)期的農(nóng)業(yè);D.LearningfromHistory從歷史中學(xué)習(xí)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)為最佳答案。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Amsterdam’sBlossomingBikesPopUpBrightlycolouredbikesdecoratedinflowers,butterfliesandclockshavebeenpoppingupalloverAmsterdamforyears.____16____.TheyarefromanAmericanmannamedWarrenGregory.KnownfondlyastheFlowerBikeMan,Warren’sbike-decoratingcampaignbeganwhenhiswifecouldn’tfindherbikeatAmsterdamCentral.Warren’swife,Michelle,oftenstruggledtorememberdetailslikewheresheparkedherbike.Tohelpherout,Warrendecoratedherbikeinbrightflowers.____17____.Hethendecoratedabunchofabandonedbikes,whichheleftalongtheroutehomesothatshewouldnevergetlostagain.____18____.Warrenstarteddecoratingmorebikes,andthenventuredoutintothestreetsearlyinthemorningtoleavehisgiftstotheworldbeforethecitywokeup.Eachbikewascarefullynamedandhaditsownpersonality,allrepresentingloveandhappiness.Warrencreatesthebikesusingmoneyoutofhisownpocket,andusesold,abandonedbikesthathecollects.Bringingtheseforgottenwrecksbacktolifeisbeautifulinsomanyways.Inacountrywherepeoplelovebikessomuch,it’snowonderthatWarrenhasbecomeatreasureinAmsterdam.PeopleloveWarren’sbicyclessomuchthattheyinsistonpayingforhiscreations.____19____.“Forme,seeingthebikesIcreatedisenough,”hesaid.Otherthanbeingacreativeartist,Warrenisalsoareallyniceguy.HisInstagrampostsarefloodedwithencouragementsandwordsoflove,andyoucanfeelthetimeandlovethathepoursintoeverybikethathecreates.____20____.A.ButtheyareunacceptableB.Inthatcase,itwouldbeeasiertofindC.ButmoneyisneverhismainmotivationD.YoumaywonderwhytheyaresopopularE.Joyofpassers-bygeneratedhisfurtherenthusiasmF.WetrulyneedmorepeopleliketheFlowerBikeManG.TheyarenottheworksfromamysteriousDutchbikefairy【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.C20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了沃倫與阿姆斯特丹隨處可見(jiàn)的裝扮鮮艷的自行車(chē)的故事。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文"Brightlycolouredbikesdecoratedinflowers,butterfliesandclockshavebeenpoppingupalloverAmsterdamforyears.(多年來(lái)，裝飾著鮮花、蝴蝶和鐘表的色彩鮮艷的自行車(chē)在阿姆斯特丹隨處可見(jiàn)。)"可知，出現(xiàn)在阿姆斯特丹的自行車(chē)裝扮漂亮，結(jié)合后文"TheyarefromanAmericanmannamedWarrenGregory.(它們來(lái)自一個(gè)叫沃倫.格雷戈里的美國(guó)人。)"可知，G項(xiàng)"它們不是來(lái)自神秘的荷蘭自行車(chē)精靈的作品。"與后文語(yǔ)義一致，介紹這種裝扮鮮艷的自行車(chē)的由來(lái)。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Warren’sbike-decoratingcampaignbeganwhenhiswifecouldn’tfindherbikeatAmsterdamCentral.Warren’swife,Michelle,oftenstruggledtorememberdetailslikewheresheparkedherbike.Tohelpherout,Warrendecoratedherbikeinbrightflowers.(他的自行車(chē)裝飾活動(dòng)始于他妻子在阿姆斯特丹中心找不到她的自行車(chē)。沃倫的妻子米歇爾經(jīng)常很難記住一些細(xì)節(jié)，比如她把自行車(chē)停在了哪里。為了幫助她，沃倫用鮮艷的花裝飾她的自行車(chē)。)"可知，這種裝扮鮮艷的自行車(chē)初衷是沃倫用來(lái)幫助妻子快速找到自行車(chē)而為的。選項(xiàng)B“那樣的話(huà)，就更容易找到了?！背薪忧拔?，與后文"Hethendecoratedabunchofabandonedbikes,whichheleftalongtheroutehomesothatshewouldnevergetlostagain.(然后他裝飾了一堆廢棄的自行車(chē)，把它們放在回家的路上，這樣她就不會(huì)再迷路了。)"相呼應(yīng)，語(yǔ)義通順。故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文"Warrenstarteddecoratingmorebikes,andthenventuredoutintothestreetsearlyinthemorningtoleavehisgiftstotheworldbeforethecitywokeup.(沃倫開(kāi)始裝飾更多的自行車(chē)，然后在清晨走上街頭，在這座城市蘇醒之前將他的禮物獻(xiàn)給全世界。)"可知，沃倫更熱衷于裝扮自行車(chē)，所以E項(xiàng)"過(guò)路人的歡樂(lè)使他更加興奮。"說(shuō)明了沃倫熱衷于此的原因。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文"PeopleloveWarren’sbicyclessomuchthattheyinsistonpayingforhiscreations.(人們非常喜歡沃倫的自行車(chē)，以至于他們堅(jiān)持為他的發(fā)明買(mǎi)單。)“可知，沃倫的行為受到了人們的歡迎,并愿意為此買(mǎi)單。結(jié)合后文沃倫所說(shuō)的話(huà)"Forme,seeingthebikesIcreatedisenough(對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，看到我創(chuàng)造的自行車(chē)就足夠了)"可知，選項(xiàng)C"但金錢(qián)從來(lái)不是他的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。"在該處承上啟下，承接意思的轉(zhuǎn)折，符合題意。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)全文可知，沃倫通過(guò)裝扮自行車(chē)幫助妻子認(rèn)車(chē)、認(rèn)路，由于人們的喜歡，進(jìn)而把街上的自行車(chē)裝扮鮮艷，并安上代表著愛(ài)和幸福的名字，說(shuō)明沃倫是一一個(gè)具有愛(ài)心的人。結(jié)合最后一段前文提到"Otherthanbeingacreativeartist,Warrenisalsoareallyniceguy.HisInstagrampostsarefloodedwithencouragementsandwordsoflove,andyoucanfeelthetimeandlovethathepoursintoeverybikethathecreates.(除了是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的藝術(shù)家，沃倫也是一個(gè)非常好的人。他在Instagram.上的帖子充斥著鼓勵(lì)和愛(ài)的話(huà)語(yǔ)，你可以感受到他把時(shí)間和愛(ài)傾注在他創(chuàng)造的每一輛自行車(chē)上。)"可知，沃倫是一個(gè)心中裝滿(mǎn)愛(ài)的人，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"我們真的需要更多像theFlowerBikeMan(裝扮自行車(chē)人)這樣的人"對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)及主題升華，符合題意。故選F。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Isla’sbigdaywasfinallyhere.Shehadbeenadmittedintothelawschoolofher____21____,andwastoflytheretobeginhernewlife.Althoughshehadgottenthenewsofher____22____twomonthsago,itwasn’tuntilshegotupfromtheplaneseatthatsherealizedhow____23____shereallywas.Herlegswereshaking,herheartwas____24____,andherforeheadwassweating.Havingworkedso____25____togethere,sheknewthatshehadnothingtobeafraidof____26____,theworldoutsidehernewapartmentlookedmuchtooscaryto____27____.Thebrightsunthatshewassousedtoseeingwasnowheretobeseen.Everyone’saccentsseemedcompletely____28____,andthepeopleevenseemedtallerthannormal.Shestayedinthe____29____ofherapartmentuntilitwastimeforherclassthefollowingafternoon.Astheprofessoraskedsomebasicquestionstoseewhat_____30_____everyonewasat,Isla’smindwentcompletely_____31_____.“Ohno!”shethoughttoherself.“I’mnoteven_____32_____tobehere!Everyoneknowssomuchmorethanme.”Justthen,theprofessorpointedatherandaskedheraquestion._____33_____asshewas,theanswerwasjustblurtedout(脫口而出)instinctively.“_____34_____!”saidtheteacher.“You’lldojustgreathere,”she_____35_____her.Astheteacherwalkedaway,Islawasallsmiles.21.A.courses B.dreams C.cases D.ideas22.A.acceptance B.excellence C.requirement D.arrangement23.A.serious B.excited C.weak D.nervous24A.beating B.ringing C.racing D.sinking25.A.happily B.confidently C.hard D.deep26.A.Instead B.Still C.Moreover D.Otherwise27.A.face B.change C.learn D.build28.A.unfamiliar B.unknown C.impolite D.impatient29.A.warmth B.safety C.convenience D.silence30.A.age B.level C.point D.rate31.A.dark B.wild C.blank D.wrong32.A.supposed B.prepared C.determined D.meant33.A.Cheerful B.Proud C.Surprised D.Frightened34.A.Enjoyable B.Lucky C.Thankful D.Impressive35.A.reminded B.awarded C.assured D.persuaded【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.B27.A28.A29.B30.B31.C32.A33.D34.D35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。Isla被她夢(mèng)寐以求的法學(xué)院錄取了，準(zhǔn)備飛往那里開(kāi)始她的新生活，然而新生活也讓她感到害怕。文章主要講述了Isla剛?cè)シ▽W(xué)院求學(xué)時(shí)的一些經(jīng)歷和感受?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她被她夢(mèng)寐以求的法學(xué)院錄取了，準(zhǔn)備飛往那里開(kāi)始她的新生活。A.courses課程；B.dreams夢(mèng)想；C.cases情況；D.ideas想法。根據(jù)上文“Shehadbeenadmittedintothelawschoolofher”以及后文“Havingworkedso…togethere”可知這是Isla夢(mèng)想的法學(xué)院，她一直在為此努力。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她兩個(gè)月前就得到了被錄取的消息，但直到她從飛機(jī)座位上站起來(lái)時(shí)，她才意識(shí)到自己有多緊張。A.acceptance錄取，接受；B.excellence優(yōu)秀；C.requirement要求；D.arrangement安排。呼應(yīng)上文“Shehadbeenadmittedintothelawschoolofher”指接到被錄取的消息。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她兩個(gè)月前就得到了被錄取的消息，但直到她從飛機(jī)座位上站起來(lái)時(shí)，她才意識(shí)到自己有多緊張。A.serious嚴(yán)肅的；B.excited激動(dòng)的；C.weak虛弱的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)后文“Herlegswereshaking”可知Isla很緊張，腿在顫抖。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的腿在顫抖，她的心在狂跳，她的額頭在冒汗。A.beating打；B.ringing響鈴；C.racing比賽；D.sinking下沉。根據(jù)上文“herheartwas”以及后文“andherforeheadwassweating”可知此處是在描述Isla緊張的一些表現(xiàn)，腿顫抖，心臟加速狂跳，額頭冒汗等。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)如此艱苦的努力才來(lái)到這里，她知道自己沒(méi)什么好害怕的。A.happily快樂(lè)地；B.confidently自信地；C.hard努力地；D.deep深的。根據(jù)前后文“Havingworkedso…togethere”可知為了被夢(mèng)想的法學(xué)院錄取，她付出了艱苦的努力。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，她新公寓外面的世界看起來(lái)還是太可怕了。A.Instead相反；B.Still盡管如此；C.Moreover此外；D.Otherwise否則。上文提到她知道沒(méi)什么好害怕的，后文又說(shuō)新公寓外面的世界看起來(lái)還是太可怕了，故still表示“盡管如此”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，她新公寓外面的世界看起來(lái)還是太可怕了。A.face面對(duì)；B.change改變；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.build修建。根據(jù)后文“theworldoutsidehernewapartmentlookedmuchtooscaryto”可知Isla認(rèn)為面對(duì)公寓外面的世界很可怕。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人的口音似乎都很陌生，甚至看起來(lái)都比普通人高。A.unfamiliar陌生的，不熟悉的；B.unknown未知的；C.impolite粗魯?shù)?；D.impatient無(wú)耐心的。根據(jù)上文“Everyone’saccentsseemedcompletely”可知Isla為了上學(xué)來(lái)到了新的地方，因此每個(gè)人的口音是完全陌生的。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直待在自己安全的公寓里，直到第二天下午上課。A.warmth溫暖；B.safety安全；C.convenience便利；D.silence沉默。上文中“theworldoutsidehernewapartmentlookedmuchtooscary”提到Isla覺(jué)得公寓外面的世界很可怕，所以她一直待在自己安全的公寓里。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教授問(wèn)了一些基本的問(wèn)題，想看看每個(gè)人都達(dá)到了什么水平，Isla的大腦一片空白。A.age年齡；B.level水平；C.point要點(diǎn)；D.rate比率。結(jié)合后文“everyonewasat”指教授想看每個(gè)人的水平，短語(yǔ)beat…level“在……水平”。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：教授問(wèn)了一些基本的問(wèn)題，想看看每個(gè)人都達(dá)到了什么水平，Isla的大腦一片空白。A.dark黑暗的；B.wild野生的；C.blank空白的；D.wrong錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)后文“Everyoneknowssomuchmorethanme.”可知Isla覺(jué)得自己沒(méi)有別人懂得多，可見(jiàn)她大腦一片空白，故選C。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我根本就不該在這里！A.supposed認(rèn)為；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.determined決定；D.meant意味著。根據(jù)前后文“I’mnoteven…tobehere!”可知為短語(yǔ)besupposedto表示“應(yīng)該”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她很害怕，答案還是本能地脫口而出。A.Cheerful高興的；B.Proud自豪的；C.Surprised驚訝的；D.Frightened害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Everyoneknowssomuchmorethanme.”可知Isla覺(jué)得別人都比自己懂得多，可見(jiàn)她很害怕回答問(wèn)題。故選D。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“令人印象深刻！”老師說(shuō)。A.Enjoyable快樂(lè)的；B.Lucky幸運(yùn)的；C.Thankful感