必修第一冊UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERS(主題語境：人與自然——自然災(zāi)害)必備知識?夯基固本核心考點·精講層練關(guān)鍵能力·演練提升教材經(jīng)典·文本回扣必備知識?夯基固本Ⅰ.立體巧記單詞A．識記法填空1._________n．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害2._______

vi.&

vt.(slid)(使)滑行；滑動→_______(過去式)→_______(過去分詞)3._______n．洪水；大量

vi.淹沒；大量涌入

vt.使灌滿水；淹沒4.________n．&

vt.營救；救援5.________vt.損害；破壞n．損壞；損失6._________vt.摧毀；毀滅disasterslideslidslidfloodrescuedamagedestroy7._________n．避難處；居所；庇護

vt.保護；掩蔽

vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險)8.______n．汽油；氣體；燃?xì)?._______n.&

vt.破壞；毀壞10._________n．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中11._______

vt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套n．險境；陷阱12._______

vt.埋葬；安葬→________(過去式)→________(過去分詞)13.________n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力sheltergasruinpercenttrapburyburiedburiedeffort14._________n．上下文；語境；背景15.________n．供應(yīng)(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品

vt.供應(yīng)；供給16.______

vi.&

vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n．水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲17._______n.管子；管道18._______adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的

vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜19.______n.援助；幫助；救援物資

vi.&

vt.(formal)幫助；援助20._______

vt.&

vi.碰撞；撞擊n．撞車；碰撞21.________vt.&

vi.打掃；清掃→_______(過去式)→_______(過去分詞)contextsupplytappipecalmaidcrashsweepsweptswept22._______n.海浪；波浪

vi.&

vt.揮手；招手23.________vi.&

vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打n．罷工；罷課；襲擊→________(過去式)→_______________(過去分詞)24．whistle

vi._______________

vt.__________n.________________25．tornadon．(pl.-oesor-os)______________26．droughtn.____________27．tsunamin._______28．volcaniceruption__________29．evacuate

vt._____________

vi.

_______wavestrikestruckstruck/stricken吹口哨;發(fā)出笛聲吹口哨哨子(聲);呼嘯聲龍卷風(fēng);旋風(fēng)旱災(zāi)；久旱海嘯火山噴發(fā)疏散；撤出撤離30．helicoptern._________31．crackn._____________vi.&

vt.__________32．brickn.__________33．metaln._____34．revive

vt.&

vi._______________35．revivaln.__________36．unify

vi.&

vt.___________________37．volcanon．(pl.-oesor-os)________38．typhoonn.________39．hurricanen.__________________________直升機裂紋；裂縫(使)破裂磚；磚塊金屬復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒振興；復(fù)蘇統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體火山臺風(fēng)(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)B．構(gòu)詞法拓展1._______n．死；死亡→_______adj.死的→________adj.致命的→______v．死亡2.________

vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動→________n．效果；結(jié)果；影響→__________adj.有效的3._______n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.(使)震驚→_________adj.令人震驚的→_________adj.感到震驚的4.____________n．電；電能→_________adj.電的；用電的→___________adj.電子的deathdeaddeadlydieaffecteffecteffectiveshockshockingshockedelectricityelectricelectronic5._________

vi.&

vt.呼吸→________n．呼吸→___________adj.氣喘吁吁的6.________n．智慧；才智→_______adj.明智的→________adj.不明智的7.________

vt.遭受；蒙受

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→__________n．受難；苦楚8._______

vi.&

vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出→_________n．噴發(fā)breathebreathbreathlesswisdomwiseunwisesuffersufferingerupteruption9._________

vi.生存；存活

vt.幸存；艱難度過→_________n．幸存；生還→_________n．幸存者；生還者10._______n．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→_________adj.強大的；強壯的→__________adj.無力的11.__________n．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況→_________adj.緊急的→________

vi.浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)12._________

vt.&

vi.遞送；傳達

vt.發(fā)表→_________n．投遞；送交survivesurvivalsurvivorpowerpowerfulpowerlessemergencyemergentemergedeliverdelivery13._________n．總結(jié)；概括；概要→_____________

vt.&

vi.總結(jié)；概括14.________n．長；長度→_______adj.長的→_________v．(使)變長summarysummariz(s)elengthlonglengthenC．應(yīng)用法塑能1．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)A_______(洪水)hadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe________(損失)itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.2．(牛津高階)Awealthysponsorcametoour________(營救)withagenerousdonation.3．(劍橋高階)Theaccidentseemedtohavecompletely/totally________

(摧毀)hisconfidence.4．(劍橋高階)Theyopeneda_________(避難所)toprovidetemporaryhousingforthecity'shomeless.flooddamagerescuedestroyedshelter5．(朗文當(dāng)代)Twentyminerswere_______(使落入險境)underground.6．(劍橋高階)Hisfatheris________(埋葬)inthecemeteryonthehill.7．(2021·全國乙卷)Providefinancial______(援助)andotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.8．(劍橋高階)Thepolicehavewarnedthepublicthatthekillercould________(侵襲)again.9．(牛津高階)Theearthquakecauseddamage_____propertyestimatedat$6million.trappedburiedaidstriketo10．(2022·全國Ⅱ卷)Letyourpenfollowthe______(wave)ofthought.11．(朗文當(dāng)代)Sheheardthewind__________(whistle)throughthetreesandthehowlofadistantwolf.12．(牛津高階)Who'sthat_________(tap)atthewindow?13．Peoplewere_________toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The_________news_________allthepeoplearound.(shock)14．Wemeasuredthe________oftheareaandfounditwasjustthreemeters_______andthus，weneededto_________it.(length)waveswhistlingtappingshockedshockingshockedlengthlonglengthen15．Hetakesadeep_______and_________inthesweetsmelloffreshflowers.(breathe)16．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesof_________.Thankstotheswimmingskills，heandhisfriendsucceededin_________theterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwo_________.(survive)17．Therecent__________treatmentshaveagreat_______ontherecoveryofthepatients_________byCOVID-19.(affect)18．The________diseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30________uptonow.(dead)breathbreathessurvivalsurvivingsurvivorseffectiveeffectaffecteddeadlydeaths19．Whenyouwritea_________ofanarticle,____________themainideaofeachpartisthefirststep.(summary)20．Whenan_________incident_________，youcanimmediatelycallthe__________call.(emergency)summarysummarizingemergentemergesemergencyⅡ.語境助記短語A．寫準(zhǔn)記牢1._________像往常一樣2._______似乎；好像；仿佛3.______________結(jié)束；終結(jié)4._________嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5.________________……的數(shù)量6.____________除……以外什么也不；只有；只不過7._________震驚；吃驚as

usual

as

if

come

to

an

end

in

ruins

the

number

of...

nothing

but

in

shock

8._________掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)9.________張貼；搭起10._______________露天；在戶外11._____________急救箱12._________現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)13.___________消滅；徹底消除14._________________拒絕做某事15._________至少digoutputupintheopenairfirstaidkitonhandsweepawayrefusetodosth.atleastB．語境運用1．(牛津高階)Hiscareerlies_________.2．(劍橋高階)Iwas_________forabouttwoweeksaftertheaccident.3．(劍橋高階)A1,200-strongmilitaryforcewillbe_________tomonitortheceasefire.4．(劍橋高階)Alargewave___________halfthesandcastle.5．(朗文當(dāng)代)_________，they'dleftthechildrenathomewithSusan.6．(劍橋高階)Thestorywas____________lies.7．(2022·浙江1月卷)Theworldwon't_____________inmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.inruinsinshockonhandsweptawayAsusualnothingbutcometoanendⅢ.仿寫速記句式A．原句譯背1．too...to...太……而不……Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.__________________________________________________________2．a(chǎn)sif引導(dǎo)表語從句Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.__________________________________________________________雞甚至連豬都太緊張而不能吃東西，狗也不愿意進屋里去。仿佛世界末日即將來臨。3．主語＋be＋adj.＋todoWater，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.__________________________________________________________4．thosewho...Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.______________________________________________________________________________________________很難得到水、食物和電。地震剛剛過去，部隊派出了15萬名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

過去40年來最強的一次地震引起的海嘯昨天登陸了亞洲海岸，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及其他至少四個國家的6500多人死亡。6．bedoing...when...正在做……突然……Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.__________________________________________________________我正和我的三個孩子一起吃早飯，突然海水開始灌到我家。B．仿寫美句1.(2022·全國Ⅱ卷)__________________________________________.人們開始鍛煉永遠(yuǎn)不會太晚。2．(此題為更換后的新題，給您帶來的不便，請廣大師生諒解。)Helooked_________________________.他看上去好像要微笑。(此題句式不符，更換新題見上題)(2022·浙江1月卷，讀后續(xù)寫)Helookedatme____________________.他看著我好像我不在那里一樣。ItisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexerciseasifhewasgoingtosmileasthoughIweren'tthere3．(2023·華南師大附中期末)Thosewho________________________arewelcometoourcompany.我們公司歡迎那些容易相處的人。4．(2022·全國Ⅱ卷)Buttheheartsof__________participatedinlessintenseexercisedidn'tchange,hesays.他說，但那些參加不那么激烈的運動的人的心并沒有改變。5．Unfortunately,hisfatherdied,_____________________________.不幸的是他的父親去世了，使得他的家境更加困難。areeasytogetalongwiththosewholeavingthefamilyevenworseoff6．(2021·浙江卷)Mymotherwasputtinghergroceriesintoshoppingbags___________________________.母親正要把雜貨放進購物袋，這時一個陌生人向她走來。whenastrangercameuptoher教材經(jīng)典·文本回扣On28July,1976,onemillionpeopleignoredthestrangethingsthathadbeenhappeninginTangshanandwenttobed______usual.At3：42am，astrongearthquake____________couldbefeltinBeijingshookTangshan，_________(cause)greatdamagetothecity.Thewholecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedtherewereinjured,andthenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledor________(bad)injured_______(be)morethan400,000.Notonlyfactoriesandhomesweredestroyed,butalsoalmostallhospitalswheretheycouldbetreated__________(go).Peoplewereshocked.________

(make)mattersworse,anotherearthquakewhichwasas_________(strength)1.as2.that/which3.causing4.badly5.was6.weregone7.Tomake8.strongasthefirstonestruckTangshanagainlaterthatafternoon.Itseemedasiftheworldwereat______end.150,000soldierscametoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomes___________________(destroy)．Withjointefforts,thecitybegantobreatheagain.9.an10.hadbeendestroyed核心考點·精講層練1.affectv．影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲；使感染(1)beaffectedby受……的影響；被……感動beaffectedwith感染……疾病(2)effectn．影響；結(jié)果；效果haveaneffect/influenceon/upon對……產(chǎn)生影響takeeffect起作用；產(chǎn)生效果comeintoeffect開始實施sideeffect副作用(3)effectiveadj.有效的單句填空夯基①(2022·全國乙卷)Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod__________(effect)whenothersuseit.②Unluckily，he_____________(affect)withaseriousillnessandpassedaway，makingusdepressed.effectivewasaffected寫作運用提能③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，應(yīng)用文寫作)Insummary，theEnglishnewspaperYouth

________________________________________________.____________________________countlessmovingstoriesinthenewspaper.總的來說，英文報Youth對我有巨大的影響。我經(jīng)常被報紙中數(shù)不清的感人故事深深感動。affectsmegreatly/hasagreateffectonmeIamoftendeeplyaffectedby2.shockvt.(使)震驚n．休克；震驚；令人震驚的事(1)beashockto...對……而言是一件震驚的事inshock吃驚地，震驚地(2)shockedadj.感到震驚的beshockedatsth./that...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.因做某事而感到震驚(3)shockingadj.令人震驚的單句填空夯基①Lookingatthehousewhichlayinruins_____shock，hecalled911immediatelytorescuetheinjuredpeoplewhoweretrapped.②Allofuswere_________atthe_________newsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbythemountainfire.(shock)③Iwasshocked_________(hear)thenewsthathiscargotcrashedtheotherdayseriously.Thenewswas____shocktous.inshockedshockingtoheara一句多譯提能④(2020·浙江，讀后續(xù)寫)Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.ElliandIwereshocked.→Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin,____________________________________________________.(用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句改寫)→

____________________________________________________________________________.(用what引導(dǎo)的主語從句和that引導(dǎo)的表語從句改寫)whichshockedElliandme/whichmadeElliandmeshockedWhatshockedElliandmewasthatthebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin3.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏burysth.in...把某物埋在……buryone'sfaceinhands雙手掩面buryone'ssorrowinwine借酒消愁buryoneselfin＝beburiedin埋頭于，專心于一句多譯夯基①Heweptsadlyandheburiedhisfaceinhishands.(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)→Heweptsadly,__________________________.(用doing作狀語改寫)→Heweptsadly,_____________________________.(用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)→Heweptsadly,__________________________.(用獨立主格改寫)buryinghisfaceinhishandswithhisfaceburiedinhishandshisfaceburiedinhishands寫作運用提能②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，應(yīng)用文寫作)I_____________________________________________________andIhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.→__________________________________________，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)我每天專心讀英文報并獲得了豐富多彩的知識。burymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereverydayBuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereveryday4.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦(1)sufferfrom遭受……折磨；患……病sufferfromcoldandhunger饑寒交迫sufferpain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/貧窮/饑餓/苦難(2)sufferingn．[U](指肉體或精神上遭受的)痛苦/疼痛/困難；[C]痛苦；苦惱的事sufferern．患病者；受苦者；受難者單句填空夯基①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatients__________

(suffer)fromdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.②Peopleofthedisasterareasufferedalot_______thetyphoon，andwatersuppliesandelectricitywerehardtoget.sufferingfrom寫作運用提能③Therearealwayssomeupsanddownsinourlives,_____________________________________.生活中總有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦難讓我們更加堅強。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)(強調(diào)句)butitisthesufferingthatmakesusstronger5.effortn．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力makean/everyefforttodosth.努力做某事sparenoeffortstodosth.不遺余力地做某事beworththeeffort努力是值得的單句填空夯基①(2022·全國乙卷)Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’_________(effort)toavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.寫作運用提能②(2022·全國甲卷)________________________________,webegantounderstandeachotherbetter.在雙方的努力下，我們開始更好地相互了解。effortsWiththeeffortsmadebybothsides6.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸免；幸存；艱難度過；生還；比……活得長(1)surviveon靠……存活下來survivesth.幸免于；從……中活過來AsurviveB(by＋時間)A比B活得長(……)(2)survivorn．幸存者

survivaln．幸存；生還單句填空夯基①Wewilldoeverythinginourpowertohelpthose__________(survive)inthetornado.②(牛津高階)Hisonlychanceof_________(survive)wasahearttransport.③(浙江卷)BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope，survivingentirely_____discarded(丟棄的)food.④Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusband_____5years.survivorssurvivalon

by寫作運用提能⑤Lifeisn'tabout______________________；it'saboutlearningtodanceintherain.生活不在于如何從暴風(fēng)雨中幸存，而在于學(xué)會在雨中翩翩起舞。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)⑥(2021·全國甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.(英譯漢)__________________________________________________________howtosurvivethestorm西安城墻是中國歷史上保存下來的最完整的城墻。7.calmvt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜adj.冷靜的；平靜的(1)calmsb./oneselfdown讓某人/自己冷靜下來calmone'snerves鎮(zhèn)定神經(jīng)calmthepain減輕痛苦(2)be/stay/keep/remaincalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜(3)calmlyadv.平靜地；冷靜地calmnessn．鎮(zhèn)靜calm平靜的，沉著的；指無風(fēng)浪或人的心情不激動quiet寧靜的，安靜的；指沒有聲音、不吵鬧或心里沒有煩惱、焦慮silent寂靜的，沉默的；指不說話或沒有聲音still靜止的，不動的；指(人體等)無運動的辨異夯基①Whenfacingdanger，oneshouldkeep_______；whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeep_______；whensomeoneelseisasleep，oneshouldkeep_______；inclass，oneshouldn'tkeepsilentabouttheteacher'squestions.當(dāng)面對危險時，要保持冷靜；照相時，要保持不動；其他人睡覺時，要保持安靜；而在課上，不應(yīng)該對老師的問題保持沉默。calmstillquiet完成句子提能②Hetookafewdeepbreathsto_________________.他深深地吸了幾口氣，使自己平靜下來。③(牛津高階)It'simportantto____________________inanemergency.情況緊急的時候，保持鎮(zhèn)靜是重要的。calmhimselfdown

keep/remain/staycalm8.onhand現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)(1)inhand在手頭；可供使用athand在手邊；即將到來byhand手工；靠人工handinhand手拉手；密切關(guān)聯(lián)withone'shands用自己的雙手give/lendsb.ahand幫助某人ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……(2)handin上交；呈交handout分發(fā)用hand短語填空夯基①(朗文當(dāng)代)Ourstaffarealways_________tohelp.②Theneighboursarealwayswillingto____________.③Helpwas_________.④Thefabricwaspainted_________.⑤Povertyandpoorhealthoftengo_____________.⑥Theemergencyserviceswere_________withmedicaladvice.onhandlendahandathandbyhandhandinhandonhand⑦_____________they'dlovetohavekids,but________________,theydon'twanttogiveuptheirfreedom.寫作運用提能⑧(北京卷書面表達)Onthewaytothefarm,ourteacher__________________________________________________.在出發(fā)去農(nóng)場的路上，老師強調(diào)了親力親為的重要性。Ontheonehandontheotherhandstressedtheimportanceofworkingwithourownhands9.sweepvt.&vi.(swept；swept)打掃；清掃sweepaway消滅；完全打消sweepup打掃；清掃sweepaside清理掉；肅清；漠視；置之不理sweepthrough掠過(某地)；蔓延單句填空夯基①(2022·全國甲卷)ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneyswept_______muchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.②(2020·浙江卷)Ihopemygoodnewsforyouwillsweep_______theshadowofdisease.③(牛津高階)Rumoursswept_________thetown.asideawaythrough寫作運用提能④_____________________________________________________.當(dāng)我走進教室的時候，學(xué)生們正在打掃衛(wèi)生。(應(yīng)用文寫作之學(xué)校生活)ThestudentsweresweepingupwhenIenteredtheclassroom10.strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck/stricken)擊打；罷工；(時鐘等)敲響；擦(火柴)；撞擊；侵襲；給(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罷工；罷課；襲擊(1)bestruckwith/by被……所襲擊(感動)Itstrikessb.that...某人覺得……；某人突然想起……sth.strikesb.某人想到……(2)beonstrike在罷工goonstrike舉行罷工表示“突然想到”的單詞還有hit，occurto。單句填空夯基①Theworkersarecomingout_____strikeforhigherwages，whichisashocktothegovernment.寫作運用提能②Because_________________________________，Icouldn'tcontainmyself，tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.→_____________________________，Icouldn'tcontainmyself，tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)被他為我所做的事情所感動，我不能自已，感激的淚水順著臉頰流下來。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)on

IwasstruckbywhathehaddoneformeStruckbywhathehaddoneforme③(2021·1月浙江卷，讀后續(xù)寫)_______________________________Icouldwinthefirstplacebyforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkin.我突然想到我可以通過把我的頭塞進南瓜贏得第一名。Itsuddenlystruck/hit/occurredtomethat11.inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪(1)be/lieinruins成為廢墟；毀滅fall/comeintoruin成為廢墟；毀滅(2)ruinn．廢墟；毀滅

vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)ruinone'shope/health毀掉某人的希望/健康單句填空夯基①90percentofhouseslay_____ruinsafterthelandslideandhelicopterswereusedtoevacuatepeoplelivingthere.in一句多譯提能②(2020·全國Ⅰ卷，書面表達)ThedoctorIrespectmostburiedhimselfinfightingagainstCOVID-19dayandnightanditnearlyruinedhishealth.→ThedoctorIrespectmostburiedhimselfinfightingagainstCOVID-19dayandnight,___________________________.(用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句改寫)→ThedoctorIrespectmostburiedhimselfinfightingagainstCOVID-19dayandnight,_______________________.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)

whichnearlyruinedhishealthnearlyruininghishealth12.asif/though似乎；仿佛；好像·asif相當(dāng)于asthough，意為“似乎，好像”，用在seem，look等系動詞之后引導(dǎo)表語從句。asif/though還可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句?！と鬭sif/though從句描述非現(xiàn)實情況，則用虛擬語氣。①當(dāng)從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞一般用were)；②當(dāng)從句表示與過去事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用過去完成時(had＋過去分詞)；③當(dāng)從句表示與將來事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用would/could/might＋動詞原形。若從句描述的情況發(fā)生的可能性很大，則不用虛擬語氣。單句填空夯基①Listen，thewhistleofanambulance！Itseemsasifthere_____(be)anemergency.②Whenapencilispartlyputintoacupofwater，itlooksasifit______

(be)broken.iswere寫作運用提能③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，讀后續(xù)寫)Davidinsistedonrunning_____________________________________,thoughhewastrippedoverwithinthefewkilometers.大衛(wèi)堅持跑步，好像他忘記了自己所有的弱點，盡管他在幾公里內(nèi)被絆倒了。④Itisdarkinthewoods.Itseemsasif___________________________

__________.Themoreshethinksofthis，themorefrightenedsheis.樹林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木叢后面都有一頭兇猛的野獸。她越這樣想就越害怕。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)asifhehadforgottenallhisweaknessestherewereafiercebeastbehindeverybush⑤(2022·浙江1月卷，讀后續(xù)寫)Ifelthetreatedme______________________________andprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.我覺得他對待我就好像我會阻止他，讓他在課程中無法獲得A。asthoughIwouldholdhimback13.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和我的三個孩子正在吃早飯，突然海水開始灌到我家。句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時突然”。when表示“這時突然”之意，還用于以下三種句型：·beabouttodo...when...正要做……突然……·beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……突然……·had(just)done...when...剛做完……這時突然……單句填空夯基①(2022·全國Ⅱ卷)Henry___________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.寫作運用提能②We____________________________________________abignoisecamefromthenextroom.我們正要離開時，隔壁房間突然發(fā)出了巨大的響聲。wasfixingwereabouttoleave/wereonthepointofleavingwhen③

_____________________________________________________mycellphonerang.我正在上網(wǎng)搜索相關(guān)信息，這時我的手機突然響了。④__________________________________________________itfelltotheground.我剛剛從著火的房子里逃出來，這時房子塌了。IwassearchingtheInternetfortherelevantinformationwhenIhadjustescapedfromtheburninghousewhen關(guān)鍵能力·演練提升Ⅰ.一詞多義/熟詞生義1．strikeA．vt.打

B．vt.使突然想起C．n.罷工

D．vt.(災(zāi)難、疾病等)襲擊E．vt.劃(火柴) F．vt.(鐘)敲(1)WhenIenteredtheroom，theclockhadjuststruck10.____(2)Asanoldsayinggoes，“Striketheironwhileit'shot.”You'dbettergooverwhatyouhavelearnedassoonaspossible.____FA(3)Thegirlstruckamatchandthewarmlightfilledtheroomimmediately.____(4)Theyhavebeenonstrikeforseveraldaystogetahigherpay.____(5)Abigearthquakestruckthearealastweek，whichthencausedaterribletsunami.____(6)Itstrikesusthatwecanfollowthestreambacktothefarmhouse.____ECDB2．deliverA．vt.遞送 B．vt.生小孩；接生C．vt.發(fā)表演說等(1)Theprincesshasbeendeliveredofahealthybabyboy.____(2)I'mhavingsomeflowersdeliveredforherbirthday.____(3)Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtodeliveralectureongeneticengineeringhere.____BAC3．a(chǎn)ffectA．vt.影響

B．vt.感動C．vt.疾病侵襲；使感染(1)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm，wecouldn'tholdbacktears.____(2)(2020·天津卷)Honestlyspeaking，thecoming-of-ageceremonyaffectsmegreatly.____(3)Thefloodaffectedtheareagreatly，destroyinghousesandcausingmanydeaths.____BAC4．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思(1)Shewasrushedtothehospitalaftersufferingfromshock._____(2)Whenwevisitedtheoldfamilyhome，pastsweetmemoriescamefloodingback._________(3)(2022·全國乙卷)Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.______休克大量涌入遼闊Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．(北京卷)Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,________(make)itoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Ms.Burdeyneytalkedtosomefriendswhohadsimilarproblemsanddiscoveredthattheywerelargely__________(suffer)insilence.makingsuffering3．(2022·浙江1月卷)WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpower_________(deliver)．4．(牛津高階)Alltheiradvicewasswept_______.5．(2020·浙江卷)ThelastthingIsawwasDon'sface,looking________

(calm)backatme.6．(2022·浙江1月卷)Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffect_____theriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.deliveryasidecalmlyon7．(2022·浙江1月卷)Kleindoesn'tthinktheageofelectricitywillcometo__