2021年寧夏石嘴山三中高考英語四模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

（2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題）

A

TheLondonEyeremainstemporarilyclosedbutinlinewiththeGovernment'sroadmapoutof

lockdownweplantoreopenfrom17thMay.Youcanpre-booknow.Furtherinformationcanbe

foundhere.

WhattoExpect

TheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.Since

openingin2000,ithasbeenusedasabackdropincountlessfilmsandislovedbyBritonsand

visitorsalike.ThisistheUK'smostpopularvisitorattraction.visitedbyover3.5millionpeople

ayear.

EachLondonEyecapsuleholdsupto25passengerscomfbrtably.Allcapsulesarefully

air-conditionedandrotate（旋轉）onaspecialdevicedesignedtokeepeveryoneuprightasthe

wheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.Thefullrotationlasts30minutesofanever

changingviewofthisdynamiccity.

OpeningTimes

■SeptembertoMay10：00am8：00pmdaily

■June10：00am-9：00pmdaily

■July10：00am-9：30pmdaily

■August10：00am-8：30pmdaily

■NotopenonChristmasDayorduringmaintenanceperiod.

TicketPrices

Adult：

JanuarytoMarch￡15.00

ApriltoDecember￡15.50

Child（5-15years）：

JanuarytoMarch￡7.50

ApriltoDecember￡7.75

Childunder5years：free

Senior(60plus)：￡12.00

Bookingline

■9：00amto5：00pmMondaytoSunday

■Telephone：08705000600

1.WhichofthefollowingdoestheLondonEyerideoffer?

A.A30-minutefastrotation.

B.Aninsightintoitslonghistory.

C.A360°movingviewofthecity.

D.Anon-chargeableadmission.

2.WhenistheLondonEyeopeninJanuary?

A.10：00am-8：00pm.B.10：00am-9：00pm.

C.10：00am-9：30Pm.D.10：00am-8：30pm.

3.What'sthechangeforayoungcouplewitha5-year-oldboywhovisitonthereopenig?

A.￡30B.￡31C.￡37.5D.￡38.75

(2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題)

B

Havingworkedfbrmorethan,decadeinfinanceintheoilindustryinCanada,ToriFaheyfound

herselfwaningmorefromlife.Butitwasn'tthoughdesperationthathercuriositychanged："I

didn'tgetfedupandstormoff,nothinglikethat；itwascuriosityaboutotherinterestsand

wantingtoexperiencesomethingnew.”

FaheyletherjobandcompletedanMBAbeforesettingupamovetoNewYorktobegina

degree.However,theopportunityofanopenyearbetweentheMBAandthedegreecame

up,andasakeentouringcyclist,Faheyrealizedthatamuchdreamed-aboutadventurewasnow

becomingapossibility："TherideinAfricahadbeenonmyfantasylist.ltwasamomentwhen

IrealizedthatIcoulddoanything,soIshould.1'

FaheyrodeacrossAfrica,a7,500-miletripthattookfourmonths.Thewholeexperiencehada

life-changingimpact.Faheysaid："Bicyclesprovidealiteralfreedom.Youdon'tallowyourself

tofeellikethatineverydaylifebecausetherearesomanydistractions.Butwhenyou'reouton

thebikeandthere*snothingelse,you'rereallyfreetoexperiencewhatlifeis."

Post-degree,FaheyworkedonprojectswiththeUNDP(UnitedNationsDevelopmentProject)

第2頁，共22頁

inMontenegrowiththeaimofbringinginvestmenttoruralcommunities.

Itwaswhileworkingontheseprojectsthattheseedsweresownforthenextnewinvestment.

"ItwasthroughmytripacrossAfricathat1discoveredpannierandracksystemsinconvenient

andwasnevergoingtousethemagain."Littledidsheknowthiswouldleadhertostartupher

owncompany.

In2013,Apidurawasborn,producingstoragesolutionsforpeoplelookingtotraveltheworld

bybike,raceacrosscontinentsandcarryalltheyneedtodoso.Ifsnowasuccessfulglobal

brand,butFaheyremainsreflectiveaboutwhatelsethecompanycandoforpeople.

4.WhydidFaheyleaveherjobinCanada?

A.Shewasboredwiththejob.

B.Shewasdisappointedwithlife.

C.Shewantedtoaddnewdimensionstoherlife.

D.Shefoundithardtoadjusttothecircumstances.

5.WhichcanbestdescribeFahey'srideexperienceinAfrica?

A.Demanding.B.Liberating.C.Eventful.D.Dangerous.

6.WhydidFaheylaunchApidura?

A.Toencouragebicycletraveling.

B.Tomakeherinvestmentprofitable.

C.Tohelpcyclistscarrytravelingstuff.

D.Toincreasethepleasureofridingbikes.

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Atoughpathtofame.

B.AnadventureacrossAfrica.

C.Thebenefitsofgreentravelling.

D.ThestorybehindthebirthofApidura.

（2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市,模擬題）

C

Despitethecommonappearingoftabletcomputersande-readers,wesimplycannotbreakour

addictiontopaper.Anestimatedfourbilliontreearecutdowneveryyeartomakepaperor

cardboard,anenergyconsumingprocesswithavastenvironmentalfootprint.Nowchemist

YadongYinoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,andhiscolleagueshavedeveloped

"rewritable0paperthatcouldhelpcontrolthatimpact.

PrintedrewritablepaperismadeusingPrussianbluenanoparticles（納米粒子）.The

researcherscoatedconventionalpaperwithnanoparticlesoftwochemicals：Prussianbluethat

givesblueprintstheircharacteristiccolor,andtitaniumdioxide（二氧化鈦）,asubstanceused

insunscreens.

UVlightmakesthetitaniumdioxidenanoparticlesdonateelectrons（電子）totheirPrussian

blueneighbors,shiftingitscolorfrommidnightbluetomilkywhite.

ByshiningthatUVlightthroughatransparent（透明的）screenmarkedwithblacktext,the

researchers"printed"bluetextonawhitebackground.Thetextlastsaboutfivedaysandthen

naturallyfadesaway：”EverymorningIcouldjustpushabutton,andaprinterwouldgiveme

afreshnewspapertoreadoverbreakfast/'Yinsays.

Thepapercanalsoberesetbyheatingandreusedmorethan80times,asignificant

improvementoverprevioustypesofrewritablepaper."Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusability

andstability,easyhandlingandlowcost,"saysSeanX.Zhang,amaterialsscientistatJilin

UniversityinChina,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudybuthasalsoworkedondeveloping

rewritablepaper.Bycomparison,technologiessuchaselectronicink-usedforAmazon'sKindle

Paperwhite-involvemovingchargedblack-and-whiteparticlesaround,whichrequires

electronics.

SincereportingtheirinventioninNanoLettersearlythisyear,thescientistshaveusedadigital

projectortoreplacetheirtransparentscreen.Theyarenowworkingonincreasingthenumberof

timesthepapercanbereused.Zhangsaysakeydifficultywillbepersuadingcompaniesto

developtheunconventionalUVcontrolneededforwidespreaduse.Eventhough

commercializationcouldbeafewyearsaway,Yinsays,"We'vehadalotofdiscussionswith

industryinvestors.'1

8.Whatdoestheunderlined"thatimpact"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Humanbeings,addictiontopaper.

B.Commonappearanceofe-readers.

C.Greenandsustainableenvironment.

D.Avastenvironmentalfootprint.

9.Whatareparagraphs2-4mainlyabout?

A.Workingprinciplesofthenewinvention.

B.Comparisonbetweendifferentpapers.

第4頁，共22頁

C.Keybenefitsofthenewinvention.

D.ThefunctionofUVlight.

10.SeanX.Zhangprobablyagreesthattheinventionis.

A.expensiveB.unreliableC.conventionalD.eco-friendly

II.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Print,wipe,rewriteB.Thenanotechcommercialized

C.ThehistoryofpaperD.Reduce,reuse,recycle

（2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題）

D

ResearchersatMITandinChinadevelopedasimple,solar-poweredwaterdesalination（脫鹽）

system.Theyhavemadeabreakthroughingettingfreshdrinkingwaterfromseawaterbyusing

sunlight.

AstheresearchpaperpublishedinEnergy&EnvironmentalScienceexplains,equipment

appliedinthissystemincludesseverallayersofflatevaporators（蒸發(fā)器）thatturnwater

sourcesintofreshwaterthroughsolarenergy,aswellascondensers（冷凝器）thatcoolthegas

intotheliquid.TheauthorsofthepaperareMITstudentsLenanZhangandLinZhao,Professor

EvelynWang,andnineotherresearchersatMITandatShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityinChina.

Howthesystemuseseachofthemultiplestagestoremovesaltfromthewateriscriticaltoits

efficiency.Theheatreleasedperstagewillbeusedbythenextstage.Inthisway,theteam's

devicecanconverttheenergyofsunlightintotheenergyofwaterevaporationwithan

efficiencyof385percent.

Thedevicecanbeconsideredasamultilayersolarstill（蒸t圖器）.Theheatisabsorbedbyits

flatpanelsandthentransferredtomakewaterevaporate.Thevaporthencoolsdownandturns

intoliquidwateronthenextpanel.Asthewateriscollected,thereleasedheatistransferredto

thenextlayer.

Theteam's10-stagesystemproducespurewater.Itsqualityisabovethecitydrinkingwater

standards.ltalsohasthehighestyieldcomparedtoothersimilarsystems,atarateofnearlysix

cubicdecimeterperhourforeverysquaremeterofthesolarcollectingarea.Thesystem

distinguishedfromsomeothersbythefactthatthereisnoaccumulatedsalttobegotrid

of.Mostmaterialsofthedemonstration（演示）unitdon'tcostmuchandareeasytoget.

Furtherexperimentswillbecarriedoutonthedevicetooptimize（優(yōu)化）thechoicesof

materialsandtestitsdurabilityunderrealisticconditions.Researcherswillalsoworkonthe

designofthedevicetomakeitmoreconsumer-friendly.ltisexpectedthatthesystemcould

finallyhelpdevelopingregionsthatareshortofelectricitysuppliesbutrichinseawaterand

sunlighthandlewatercrises.

12.Whatcontributesmosttothehighefficiencyofthedevice?

A.Thechoiceofmaterials.

B.Thesimplicityofthestructure.

C.Therecyclingofreleasedheat.

D.Theuseofmultilayerequipment.

13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Whatthedeviceisfor.

B.Whatmakesthedevice.

C.Howthedeviceworks.

D.Howsolarenergyiscollected.

14.Whatmakesthedevicedifferentfromothersystems?

A.Itszeroaccumulationofsalt.

B.Itsstableandhighproductionlevel.

C.Thelowcostofthematerials.

D.Thequalityofwateritproduces.

15.Whywillresearcherscarryoutfurtherexperimentsonthedevice?

A.Toreduceitscost.

B.Tocheckitsperformanceinlabs.

C.Tomakeitenvironment-friendly.

D.Tomakeitsuitableforusebyconsumers.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

(2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題)Yoursuccessasamanagercanbedeterminedby

howyouinteractwithpeople.Theroleofamanagerasaleaderisanimportantpartofthese

interactions.Leadershipinvolvesinfluencingcolleaguessothattheyfollowagivendirectionor

goal.(1)

Thefirstisthe"peoplefunction".Hereleadershiphelpstoholdagrouptogetherandmaintain

themotivationofthegroup.(2)Inthisroletheleaderwillensurethegrouphas

sufficientfundstocarryoutitstasks.Soaleadershouldbeseentohaveinfluencebothoutside

thegroupandwithinthegroup.

第6頁，共22頁

Nextcomesthe"taskfunction".Hereleadershipinvolvesdecidingwhatthetasksofthegroup

ofemployeesareandthenmakingsurethattheyarecarriedoutsuccessfully.

Thethirdisthe"strategicfunction'1.(3)Agroupofworkersthatknowswhattheyare

tryingtoachievewillbemoreefficientandbettermotivatedthanagroupthatdoesn'tknow

whatit'ssupposedtobedoing.

(4)Forexample,howmuchpowerthemanagerhasoverthegroup,howwellthe

managerknowsthesystemspresentinanorganizationandhowmanypersonalcontactsthe

managerhaswithintheorganization.

Goodcommunicationisanothercrucialelementtosuccessfulleadership.Agoodleaderis

awarebothofthemessagetobecommunicatedandoftheimportanceofeffective

communicationtoinfluencemembersofthegroup.(5)Itisessentialtobearolemodel

forthepoliciesyouadvocate.Andremember,alwaysacceptresponsibilityforyourmistakes

anddon'tblamecolleaguesforthingsthatyoudobadly.Nooneisperfect.Justrememberthis

whenyouinteractwithcolleagues.

A.Aleadershouldactasanambassadorforthegroup.

B.Networkingincludestheabilitytomakeandmaintainusefulcontacts.

C.Amanager'sabilitytoinfluencepeopledependsonarangeoffactors.

D.Itisoftenstatedthatleadershiphasthreemainfunctionswithingroups.

E.Thisshowsthatyouareawareoftheeffortcolleaguesareputtingintotheirwork.

F.Amanager'sbehaviorisavitalcomponentofthemessagetheycommunicatetocolleagues.

G.Leadershipherehelpswiththedevelopmentofasenseofpurposeanddirectionforthe

group.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

(2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題)Thelazybeachvacationsandstudy-abroadyears

aregonebecauseofthepandemic(流行病).Many,whobelievetravelisintheirgenes,findit

(1)tobekeptinthesameplaceforsolong.MyfriendJamesisoneofthemandis

growingboredandupset,(2)fortheoldtravellingdays.Howtopullthroughthe

depressingsituation?Therearemanywaystoanswerthequestion,butbeing(3)isnot

oneofthem.

Peoplealwayshaveastrong(4)tobeonthego.Howeveritshowsourtrueability

whenthatdemandcan'tbe(5)instantly.Travelisagoodwaytomeetnewpeopleand

(6)newthings,butwehave(7)ifwecan'tmakeit.

Wecanoffthe(8)pathandtravelintheoff-season.Byconnectingwithcommunities

andspendingourmoneyinwaysthatsupport(9),itwillbeamoremeaningfulway

to(10)thedifferencethatmaketheworldcolorful.

Wecanplanatripinsteadwhilewecan't(11)bethere"Expectationsplaya(12)

roleinourlife.Andourfuture-mindedness(前瞻意識)canbeasourceof(13)

ifweknowgoodthingsare(14).Ineveryway,travelisagreatthingto(15).

"saidMatthewKillingsworth,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania.So(16)

atripisnearlyasenjoyableasactuallytakingone.Makingplansisitsown(17).It

makesusrememberthereisabig,(18)worldoutthere.

Manyofus,meincluded,havetakenwhatwehaveforgranted.TomSwick,atravelwriter,tells

mehe(19)toviewtravelasaroutine."Now,Ilookforwardtoexperiencingitasa

(20).nsaysshe.

21.A.unbearableB.unpredictableC.unreliableD.uncertain

22.A.headingB.competingC.switchingD.longing

23.A.optimisticB.competingC.unreliableD.uncertain

24.A.pressureB.activeC.switchingD.longing

25.A.reservedB.sorrowC.desperateD.hesitant

26.A.experienceB.recoverC.explainedD.ignored

27.A.curiosityB.alternativesC.riskD.provide

28.A.hiddenB.alternativesC.advancesD.regret

第8頁，共22頁

29.A.hobbiesB.sheltersC.fictionsD.locals

30.A.refuseB.appreciateC.decreaseD.avoid

31.A.mentallyB.rarelyC.physicallyD.merely

32.A.negativeB.mildC.valuelessD.significant

33.A.concernB.chaosC.independenceD.joy

34.A.offthetrackB.intheway

C.aroundthecornerD.tothepoint

35.A.lookforwardtoB.lookdownon

C.lookoutforD.lookbackat

36.A.cancelingB.plottingC.adjustingD.denying

37.A.rewardB.focusC.priceD.form

38.A.frighteningB.rollingC.appealingD.resting

39.A.usedB.hopedC.agreedD.wanted

40.A.serviceB.giftC.trendD.play

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.(2021?寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山市?模擬題)Chinesenetusershavefoundanewwayto

battledesertificationbyplayingvirtualplantinggames.AntForest,whichisunderAnt

FinancialoftheAlibabaGroup,toldtheGlobalTimesthattheyhadplantedover50

milliontrees(1)(cover)about507squarekilometersacrossChinafrom2016

to2019.

AntForestisthefirstsuchgameinChina.IntheAntForestplan,anyactivity(2)

(consider)lowcarbon,includingwalking,takingpublictransportandonline

payments,willbeconvertedintovirtualugreenenergy”.Theenergywillbeusedtogrowa

virtualtreeintheuforest"ofthe(3)(user).Theyexchange(4)for

arealtreebypayingthecorrespondingenergy.AntForestwillplanttherealteein

spring,andautumneachyear(5)thehelpoflocalauthoritiesinthedesert

areas.Thiswayofplating(6)(recognize)onOctober23,2018bytheNational

AfforestationCommitteeas(7)meansforcitizenstofulfilltheirobligationof

plantingtrees.

TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreat(8)(important)totheprotectionof

ecosystems.Chinaaims(9)(increase)theforestcoverto23percentby2020,

andto26percentby2035.AnewstudyusingdatafromNASAsatelliteshowsthatthe

Earthbecomes（10）（green）asaresultofambitioustree-plantingprograms

inChina.

五、短文改錯（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）

42.（2021?全國?模擬題）假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌

寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一

個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞.

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉.

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.

注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞.

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分.

Johnwentshoppinginastore,andheforgottobringabag.Sohebuysashoppingb

ag.Afteramvinghome,itoccurredhimthathecouldmakeabagbyusinghisoldtr

ousers.Severalhoursearlier,hemadehimselfaverynicebag.Hismotherwasam

azingatwhathehaddone.Avoidingspendingmoneyunnecessarilyisawayofsaving

.Andmakingagooduseofthingsisanapproachtoprotecttheenvironment.What's

more,itishelpfulforyoutoimprovetheabilitytomakethingsbyhands.Itnotonly

bringsuspleasurebutreducewastearoundus.

六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.（）分）

43.（2021?江西省新余市?模擬題）戶外運動（活動）愉悅身心，是減壓良方。請你用英文

記述一次讓你輕松、愉快的戶外運動（活動）。內容包括：

1.戶外運動（活動）的過程；

2.你的感受。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可適當加入細節(jié)，使內容充實、行文連貫。

第10頁，共22頁

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題11C【小題2】A【小題3】D

【知識點】時文廣告

［解析］（1）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhattoExpect部分TheLondonEyesoars443feeinto

theskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.（倫敦眼高達443米，視野遍布25英

里。）可知倫敦眼可展示360度視角下的城市，C.A360°movingviewofthecity.（這座

城市360度的全景。）與之符合；根據(jù)asthewheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.

（當車輪緩慢而漸進地轉動時）可知A.A30-minutefastrotation.（30分鐘的快速旋轉。）

錯在"fast"，應該是"slow"；B項Aninsightintoitslonghistory.（對其悠久歷史的洞察。）

文章并未提及；根據(jù)下文TicketPrices部分可知乘坐倫敦眼是要收費的，可知D.A

non-chargeableadmission.（免費入場。）是錯誤的。綜上所述，故選C.

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpeningTimes的信息、，一月屬于SeptembertoMay的時間表，

所以LondonEye一月份上午10：00-晚上8：00開放。故選A.

（3）D.數(shù)字計算題。注意跨段細節(jié)信息，需要知道重新開放日的日期，第一段第二行

顯示是5月17日，結合TicketPrices中的Adult：ApriltoDecember￡15.50和Child（5-15

years）：ApriltoDecember￡7.75可知票6『為：￡15.5x2+￡7.75=￡38.75o故選D.

本文是一篇廣告類文章，介紹了倫敦眼計劃從5月17日開始重新開放，包括值得期待

的活動，開放時間和門票價格等相關信息。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結合題干及選項做出正

確的選擇。

4.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】D

【知識點】日常生活

【解析】（1）C.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段Butitwasn'tthoughdesperationthathercuriosity

changed："Ididn'tgetfedupandstonnoff,nothinglikethat：itwascuriosityaboutother

interestsandwantingtoexperiencesomethingnew."（但她的好奇心并沒有因為絕望而改變:

“我不是受夠了就撒手不管，不是那樣的；我是對其他興趣的好奇，想要體驗新事物。"）

可知，她并沒有受夠了就一走了之，而是對其他興趣的好奇，想體驗一些新的東西，故

C.Shewantedtoaddnewdimensionstoherlife.（給自己的生活增加新的維度）正確。

故選C.

（2）B.推理判斷題。由文章第二段However,theopportunityofanopenyearbetweenthe

MBAandthedegreecameup,andasakeentouringcyclist,Faheyrealizedthatamuch

dreamed-aboutadventurewasnowbecomingapossibility："TherideinAfricahadbeenonmy

fantasylist.ltwasamomentwhenIrealizedthatIcoulddoanything,soIshould."（然而，在

工商管理碩士和學位之間的一年開放的機會出現(xiàn)了，作為一個熱衷于自行車旅行的人，

費伊意識到，一場夢寐以求的冒險現(xiàn)在變成了可能：“非洲之旅曾是我的夢想清單。就

是在那一刻，我意識到我可以做任何事，所以我應該做?！埃┛芍?，主人公認為自行車

提供了一種字面上的自由，當在外面騎著自行車，什么都沒有的時候，就可以真正自由

地體驗生活了，freedom對應liberating.A.Demanding.要求高的；B.Liberating.使…自由；

C.Eventful.多變故的；D.Dangerous.危險的。故選B.

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段段"ItwasthroughmytripacrossAfricathatI

discoveredpannierandracksystemsinconvenientandwasnevergoingtousethemagain."

Littledidsheknowthiswouldleadhertostartupherowncompany.（在我的非洲之旅中,

我發(fā)現(xiàn)了筐架和機架系統(tǒng)不方便，我再也不會使用它們了?！彼恢赖氖?，這讓她創(chuàng)

辦了自己的公司。）可知，通過自己的騎行，她發(fā)現(xiàn)原有系統(tǒng)的不方便，所以她開創(chuàng)了

Apidura,正在為那些希望騎自行車環(huán)游世界、跨大洲比賽并攜帶所需物品的人們提供解

決方案，故Apidura建立是為了幫助騎行者攜帶旅行物品。C.Tohelpcyclistscarry

travelingstuff.（幫助騎自行車的人攜帶旅行用品）正確。故選C.

（4）D.主旨大意題。文章主要寫了主人公ToriFahey的一次非洲騎行冒險，以此為基

點補述了背景和意義價值。D.ThestorybehindthebirthofApidura（Apidura誕生的故事）

符合題意。故選D.

文章主要寫了主人公ToriFahey的一次非洲騎行冒險，以此為基點補述了背景和意義價

值。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

8.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】A

第12頁，共22頁

【知識點】科技信息與發(fā)明創(chuàng)新

【解析】（1）D.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)所猜詞的前一Anestimatedfourbilliontreesarecut

downeveryyeartomakepaperorcardboard,anenergy-consumingprocesswithavast

environmentalfootprint.（據(jù)估計，每年有40億棵樹被砍伐用于制造紙張或紙板，這一

過程耗能巨大，對環(huán)境造成巨大的影響）”可知，傳統(tǒng)造紙砍伐了大量的數(shù)目，對環(huán)境

造成了巨大的影響。再結合隨猜詞前的動詞control（控制）可知，尹亞東團隊創(chuàng)造這種

可重寫的紙就是為了控制傳統(tǒng)造紙對環(huán)境所造成的影響.由此推斷出，所猜短語的意思

就是"對環(huán)境造成的巨大影響"。D.Avastenvironmentalfootprint.（巨大的環(huán)境影響）正

確。故選D

（2）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)PrintedrewritablepaperismadeusingPrussianbluenanoparticles

（納米粒子）.（使用普魯士藍納米顆粒制成可印刷的可重寫紙）可知，可重寫紙是由

普魯士藍納米顆粒制成。然后第二段剩余部分以及文章第三和第四段具體闡述普魯士藍

納米顆粒是如何起到重寫功能的。所以文章第二段到第四段主要介紹了這種可重寫紙的

原理。A.Workingprinciplesofthenewinvention.（新發(fā)明的工作原理）正確。故選A.

（3）D.情感態(tài)度題o根據(jù)Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusabilityandstability,easyhandling

andlowcost,（這種紙的主要優(yōu)點是高可重復使用性和穩(wěn)定性，易操作和低成本）可知，

SeanX.Zhang認為這種新型的紙具有高可重復使用性和穩(wěn)定性，易操作和低成本。由此

推知，Seanx.Zhang覺得這種紙非常環(huán)保。A.expensive昂貴的；B.unreliable不可靠的；

C.conventional依照慣例的；D.eco-friendly環(huán)保的。故選D.

（4）A.標題判斷題。根據(jù)NowchemistYadongYinoftheUniversityof

Califormia,Riverside,andhiscolleagueshavedeveloped"rewritable"paperthatcouldhelp

controlthatimpact.（現(xiàn)在，加州大學河濱分校的化學家尹亞東和他的同事開發(fā)出了可重

寫的紙，可以幫助控制這種影響）可知，本文主要講述了尹亞東和他的同事所研發(fā)的一

種新型的可重寫的紙。再結合SeanX.Zhang所說的Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusability

andstability,easyhandlingandlowcost,（這種紙的主要優(yōu)點是高可重復使用性和穩(wěn)定性，

易操作和低成本）可知，這種新型的可重寫的紙可以通過擦拭和反復使用來保護環(huán)境。

由此推知這種紙有著可反復擦拭、反復使用和并且起到環(huán)保的特點。那么A項

Print,wipe,rewrite（印刷、擦拭、重寫）就是對這種可重寫紙張?zhí)攸c的概括，符合全文

大意。故選A.

本文是一篇說明文，講述了來自加州大學河濱分校的尹亞東和他的同事發(fā)明了一種可重

寫的紙，以此來減少傳統(tǒng)紙對環(huán)境造成的危害。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

12.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】D

【知識點】科技信息與發(fā)明創(chuàng)新

【解析】（1）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Theheatreleasedperstagewillbeusedbythenext

stage.Inthisway,theteam'sdevicecanconverttheenergyofsunlightintotheenergyofwater

evaporationwithanefficiencyof385percent.（每級釋放的熱量將用于下一級。這樣該團

隊的設備可以將陽光的能量轉化為水蒸發(fā)的能量，效率為385%。）可知釋放的熱量的

循環(huán)利用對設備的高效率貢獻最大。C.Therecyclingofreleasedheat.（釋放熱量的回收）

正確。故選C.

（2）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Thedevicecanbeconsideredasamultilayersolarstill.The

heatisabsorbedbyitsflatpanelsandthentransferredtomakewaterevaporate.Thevaporthen

coolsdownandturnsintoliquidwateronthenextpanel.Asthewateriscollected,thereleased

heatistransfeiTedtothenextlayer.（該裝置可視為多層太陽能蒸儲器。熱量被它的平板吸

收，然后轉移到水蒸發(fā)。然后蒸汽冷卻，在下一個面板上變成液態(tài)水。當水被收集時，

釋放的熱量被轉移到下一層。）可知第四段講述了該裝置的工作流程。C.Howthedevice

works.（設備如何工作）正確。故選C.

（3）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Thesystemisdistinguishedfromsomeothersbythefactthat

thereisnoaccumulatedsalttobegotridof.Mostmaterialsofthedemonstrationunitdon'tcost

muchandareeasytoget.（該系統(tǒng)與其他一些系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別在于，沒有積累的鹽可以清除。

示范單位的大部分材料成本不高，而且容易獲得。）可知它的零鹽積累使該裝置不同于

其他系統(tǒng)。A.Itszeroaccumulationofsalt.（鹽的零積累）正確。故選A.

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Researcherswillalsoworkonthedesignofthedeviceto

makeitmoreconsumer-friendly.（研究人員還將致力于該設備的設計，使其更方便消費者。）

可知研究人員對該設備進行了進一步的實驗，以使其適合消費者使用。DTomakeit

suitableforusebyconsumers.（使它適合消費者使用）正確。故選D.

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了麻省理工學院和中國的研究人員開發(fā)了一種簡單的太陽能

海水淡化系統(tǒng)。

第14頁，共22頁

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

16.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】G【小題4】C【小題5】F

【知識點】語篇范圍

【解析】（1）D.話題導入題。根據(jù)上文"Leadershipinvolvesinfluencingcolleaguessothat

theyfollowagivendirectionorgoal.（領導力包括影響同事，讓他們遵循既定的方向或目

標。）”可知，D項"Itisoftenstatedthatleadershiphasthreemainfunctionswithingroups.

（人們常說，領導在團隊中有三種主要功能）”符合題意。該項中的threemainfunctions

withingroups與上文的influencingcolleagues保持一致。故選D.

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文"Inthisroletheleaderwillensurethegrouphassufficientfunds

tocarryoutitstasks.（在這個角色中，領導將確保小組有足夠的資金來執(zhí)行其任務。）”

可知，該空處要承接下文，A項"Aleadershouldactasanambassadorforthegroup.（領

導者應該充當團體的大使）”符合題意。該項中的actasanambassador與下文中的Inthis

role相吻合。故選A.

（3）G.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)該段主題句Thethirdisthe'strategicfunctio