OpeningPage—把握單元目標·理解主題內(nèi)涵一、單元目標圖解二、單元任務分解一、讀教材圖文，理解主題內(nèi)涵(一)名言警句解讀Apeoplewithouttheknowledgeoftheirpasthistory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.—MarcusGarvey本單元的引言意為“一個不了解自己歷史、起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵無根之樹”。通過類比，形象地闡明了歷史起源及其所蘊含文化的重要性。教師可以引導學生積極思考學習中外歷史和傳統(tǒng)的重要價值和現(xiàn)實意義，感悟“類比”這種常見修辭手法的修辭效果，幫助學生了解不同國家的歷史文化傳統(tǒng)，這對于傳播中國文化、正確認識和理解他國文化，有著重要的意義。[英英釋義]Byanalogy,theimportanceofthehistoricaloriginanditscultureisillustratedvividly.(二)主題圖片深讀1．WhatcanyouseefromthepictureonPage37?Topic_maps_is_the_River_Thames_that_runs_through_London_and_its_important_buildings:_the_shore_of_the_Palace_of_Westminster_(also_known_as_the_British_parliament_building),_Big_Ben,_and_across_the_River_Thames,_connecting_the_west_bank_and_east_coast_Westminster_Royce_Lamberth_Westminster_Bridge.2．Whatdoesthispictureshowus?It_centrally_reflects_the_historical_and_cultural_landscape_of_Great_Britain,_also_can_saying_is_the_British_history,_geography,_humanities,_a_microcosm_of_architectural_art,_etc._The_beautiful_evening_mist_in_the_sky,_projected_on_the_Thames_and_the_riverside_buildings,_set_off_the_long_history_of_Britain's_traditions_and_heavy_cultural_atmosphere.3.Whyisitimportanttoprotecthistoricbuildingsandculturaltraditions?Understanding_these_histories_and_traditions_is_of_great_significance_to_the_understanding_of_the_historical_and_cultural_connotations_of_English_language_and_the_world's_important_civilizations_and_the_ways_of_thinking.二、讀相關美文，激發(fā)學習興趣Chinahasembraced(接受)Westernfashionandfuturistic(未來的)technologyasitseconomyboomed①inrecentdecades,butagrowingnumberofyoungpeoplearewearingtraditional“hanfu”(or“Hanclothing”)．ThesehistoriccostumesoftheHanethnicmajorityareenjoyingarenaissance②inpartbecausethegovernmentispromotingtraditionalculture.Perioddramashavealsostimulated(激發(fā))people'sinterestintraditionalChineseclothes—“TheStoryofMinglan”，aTVseriessetintheSongDynasty,acquiredmorethan400millionviewersinthreedayswhenitdebuted③earlierin2019.ThereisnouniformdefinitionofwhatcountsashanfusinceeachHan-dominateddynastyhaditsownstyle,buttheclothesarecharacterizedbyloose,flowingrobesthatdrape④aroundthebody,withsleevesthathangdowntotheknees.InmodernChina,thehanfumunityspreadsthegamut(整個范圍)fromhistoryenthusiaststoanimefans,tostudentsandevenyoungprofessionals.YangJiaming,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,wearshisclothesunderhisschooluniform.“Two-thirdsofmywardrobe(衣柜)ishanfu，”hesaid,dressedupinaTang-stylebeige(米黃色的)gown(長袍)andblackbootsatahanfugathering,addingthathisclassmatesandteachershavebeensupportiveofhisstyle.“Clothesarethefoundationofculture，”saidJiangXue,whoispartofBeijing-basedhanfuclubMowutianxia.“Ifweasapeopleandasacountrydonotevenunderstandourtraditionalclothingordon'twearthem,howcanwetalkaboutotheressentialpartsofourculture？”shesaid.“ThereissomewaybeforethestylereachesmainstreamacceptanceinChina.”O(jiān)therssaythey'restoppedbytheodd⑤lookstheygetwhenwearinghanfuinpublic.“Iusedtobeveryembarrassedtowear(hanfu)out，”screenwriterChengXiatoldAFP.Yang,ahighschoolstudent,ismoreupbeat.Hesaid,“Attheveryleast⑥，wecanwearourowntraditionalclothes.”(一)據(jù)文回答問題1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Hanfuisenjoyingarenaissancebecauseofthegovernmentpromotingtraditionalculture.B．Thereisuniformdefinitionofhanfu.C．YangJiamingthinksclothesarethefoundationofculture.D．InmodernChina,allpeoplewearhanfu.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThesehistoriccostumesoftheHanethnicmajorityareenjoyingarenaissanceinpartbecausethegovernmentispromotingtraditionalculture.”可知，這些具有歷史意義的漢族服飾正迎來復興，這在一定程度上是因為政府正在推廣傳統(tǒng)文化。故選A。2．Whatisthecharacteristicofhanfu?Loose,_flowing_robes_that_drape_around_the_body,_with_sleeves_that_hang_down_to_the_knees.(二)積累提升素養(yǎng)積詞匯①boomvi.迅速發(fā)展；繁榮昌盛②renaissancen.(某一學科或藝術形式等的)復興③debutv.初次登臺(或上場)④drapev.(將衣服、織物等)懸掛；披⑤oddadj.奇怪的；反常的⑥attheveryleast至少析難句ThereisnouniformdefinitionofwhatcountsashanfusinceeachHan-dominateddynastyhaditsownstyle,buttheclothesarecharacterizedbyloose,flowingrobesthatdrapearoundthebody,withsleevesthathangdowntotheknees.分析：這是一個并列復合句。本句中but連接兩個并列分句；what引導賓語從句，作介詞of的賓語；第一個that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞robes。譯文：漢服沒有統(tǒng)一的定義，因為漢人統(tǒng)治的每個朝代都有自己的風格，但漢服的共同特征是寬松飄逸的披身長袍和長至膝蓋的袖子。Listening,SpeakingandTalking—強化聽說技能·注重交際運用每日一語——背主題金句，寫高分文章Historyisamirror,itilluminatesreality,alsoilluminatethefuture.歷史是一面鏡子，它照亮現(xiàn)實，也照亮未來。1．★(教材P39)Achilles'heel(喻)(希臘神話)阿喀琉斯的腳跟，致命的弱點[點撥歸納]英語中常用的習語：pullone'sleg 與某人開玩笑fishoutofwater 因環(huán)境不熟悉而感到不舒服或?qū)擂蔚娜薴lyoffthehandle 大發(fā)雷霆beoverthemoon 欣喜若狂laughone'sheadoff 大笑不止；狂笑不已beallears 全神貫注地聽；洗耳恭聽laststraw 救命稻草awetblanket 掃興的人或事aluckydog 幸運兒atoughnut 難對付的人[應用融會](完成句子)①—Jackstillcan'thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.—Lackofself-confidenceishisAchilles'_heel,_Iamafraid.——杰克還是不由自主地擔心自己的求職面試?！峙氯狈ψ孕攀撬闹旅觞c。②Areyouforreal,orjustpulling_my_leg?你是說真的，還是逗我玩的？③Surroundedbyacrowdofstrangers,shefeltlikea_fish_out_of_water.被一群陌生人圍著，她感到很不自在。④—Whydidn'tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?—Well,youknowhe'sa_wet_blanket.——你為什么不邀請約翰參加你的生日聚會？——哦，你知道他就會讓人掃興。2．(教材P43)Iwaseager/surprisedtosee/learn/hearthat...我急于/驚訝地看到/了解/聽說……★eageradj.熱切的；渴望的[思考感知](一句兩譯辨清eager用法)①Sheiseagerforsuccess.＝Sheiseagertosucceed.她渴望成功。[點撥歸納]beeagertodosth. 渴望做某事beeagerforsth. 渴求某事物beeagerin 熱衷于[易混辨析]eager,anxiouseager強調(diào)“對成功的期望”或“進取的熱情”，含有積極向上的意思anxious強調(diào)“焦急；擔心”，表示對結果感到不安[應用融會](1)單句語法填空②Thelittlegirl,whoishelpedbytheProjectHope,iseagerforknowledgeandeagerto_make(make)progress,sosheiseagerinherstudyandisalwayspraisedbyherteachers.小女孩在希望工程的幫助下，渴望知識，渴望進步，所以她在學習上很積極，總是受到老師的表揚。(2)選詞填空：eager/anxious③Sheiseagertogotocollege,butanxiousaboutnotpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.她渴望上大學，但擔心不能通過大學入學考試。主題語境(一)ShareviewsonhistoricsitesⅠ.看圖表達WhydowelearnEnglishidioms?Understanding_the_meaning_of_idioms_and_popular_sayings_and_proverbs_in_English_is_a_good_way_to_understand_the_culture_of_English-speaking_countries.Ⅱ.主題聽力1．根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容判斷下列陳述是否正確，正確的在括號內(nèi)填T，不正確的在括號內(nèi)填F。①MrZhangisaphilosophyteacher.(F)②Thetwospeakersshareahistoryteacher.(F)③ThemanenjoyedMrZhang'sclassverymuch.(T)④Thewoman'shistoryteacherknowsmoreaboutConfucius.(F)聽力材料：W：Whyareyousointerestedinthehistoricsites?M：OurhistoryteacherMrZhangoftentellsusthehistoricsites.HeknowsmoreaboutConfucius.W：Really,buthelooksveryseriousandstrict,likeaphilosophyteacher.M：No,notatall.Thehistoricsiteshetellsusarereallyinteresting.AndIlearnmanygoodhistoricstoriesfromhim,forexample,manykingdoms.Thereislotsoflaughterinhisclass.W：Whatelseishegoodat?M：Hehasagoodknowledgeofmilitaryhistoricalsites.W：Nowonderyoulikehimsomuch.Iwishhewereourhistoryteacher,too.2．聽錄音，補全對話背景：美國留學生Jack想在寒假期間通過旅游來加深對中國的了解，他正向他的中國好友李華尋求建議。Jack：Thewinterholidayisapproaching.IwanttotravelaroundinChina.Canyougivemesomeadvice?LiHua：Ofcourse.Asyouknow,therearelotsof①places_of_interestinChina.Doyouhaveanyplans?Jack：I'mnotsure.Infact,IwanttovisitsomeplacesinShandongLiHua：Goodidea.Inmyopinion,goingtoMountTaiis②a_good_Jack：Why?LiHua：BecauseMountTai③has_a_long_historyandwonderfulsights.Inaddition,climbingMountTaiisnotonlygoodforyourphysicalheathbutalso④brings_you_lots_Jack：Thatsoundsgreat.MaybeIcanenjoy⑤the_fantastic_sunriseinthemorning,whichisreallyafeastforeyes.Ⅲ.根據(jù)情景補全對話背景：兩名英國留學生正在談論他們在歷史課上學到的中國歷史。請選擇恰當選項完成對話。Sally：FromthecourseIknowChinahasahistoryofmorethan5,000years,whichreallysurprisedme.Bush：Metoo.__1__Sally：Inmyopinion,somefamousplacesofinterestleavemeadeepimpression.Forexample,theSummerPalace,theForbiddenCity.Bush：__2__Itisafeastforeyes.Sally：Really?__3__I'dliketotravelthereoneday.Bush：Ofcourse.Aswellasthelongandinterestinghistory,therearesomegreatpeopleinChinalikeConfucius.Sally：Indeed.__4__HisideasoneducationhaveagreatinfluenceonChineseeducation.A．Youmusthaveagoodtripthere.B．WhatimpressedyoumostaboutChina?C．Ihadbeentherelastsummer.D．Confuciusisconsideredasthegreatestpersoninthehistory.答案：1～4BCAD主題語境(二)TalkaboutavisittoahistorictouristdestinationⅠ.情景交際訓練根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。W：Whenareyougoingtotakeyourvacation?M：__1__W：Whereareyougoing?M：ToHawaii.W：Thatsoundslikeagoodplace.Isyourfamilygoing?M：Yes.Weplantoclimbthehistoricmountains,gofishing,swimming,andwindsurfing,justtorelax.__2__W：Yourchildrenmustbeallexcitedaboutit.M：Yes,theyare.They'realreadycrossingoutdaysonthecalendar.__3__W：No,notthistime.We'regoingtovisitsomehistoricsitesinEgypt.M：Areyougoingbyshiportakingaflight?W：We'regoingbyair.A．I'vegotaten-dayvacationstartingfromJuly25th.B．AreyougoingtoEuropeagainthissummer?C．Mywifeistakingawholebunchofbookstoread.D．Mywifewantstodoaresearchonthishistoricmountain.E．Idon'tknowwhytheywanttogocampinganyway.答案：1～3ADBⅡ.主題聽力聽下面一段獨白，回答下面問題。1．WhenwastheWhiteHousepleted?A．In1792.B．In1800.C．In1902.2．WhichcountrydamagedtheWhiteHouse?A．France.B．England.C．Germany.3．WhatdidAndrewJacksondofortheWhiteHouse?A．Addinggrass.B．Addingaporch.C．Installingrunningwater.答案：1～3BBC聽力材料：M：TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostrecognizablestructuresintheworld.Youcan'tsayyou'vebeentoWashingtonD．C.ifyouhaven'tseentheWhiteHouse.NoteveryAmericanpresidentlivesthere.ThoughtheExecutiveMansionwasbegunin1792underthedirectionofGeorgeWashington,thestructurewasnotpleteduntil1800,soironicallyWashingtonnevercalledithome.TheWhiteHouseisopentothepubliconweekdaysfrom10amuntilnoon.ThebuildingwastorchedbyBritishtroopsin1814,duringtheWarof1812,andthestructuraldamagecausedbythefirewasrepaired,butthesandstonewallsoutsidewerestillblackfromthefire.Thewallswerethenpaintedwhite,givingbirthtothenamethebuildingnowgoesby.AnactofCongressmadeittheofficialnamein1920.EveryPresidenthaslefthismarkupontheWhiteHouse,withThomasJeffersonaddinggrasstotheeastandwestwings,AndrewJacksoninstallingrunningwater,andHarryTrumanaddingaporch.BillClinton'sadditiontotheWhiteHousewasanindoortrack.Ⅲ.補全對話W：Whereareyouguysgoingforyourhoneymoon?M：WedecidedonCancun,W：I'vebeentherebefore.__1__M：That'sgood.I'mlookingforwardtoourhoneymoon.EspeciallyafteralltheweddingplansIhadtodo.W：Howlongareyougoingfor?M：Wedecidedon6days.WeareleavingonSundayandreturningonSaturday.__2__Everythingisset.W：__3__I'msojealous.M：Bytheway,wheredoyouwanttogoforyourhoneymoonwhenyougetmarried?W：SinceI'vebeentoMexicoandHawaiibefore,IwanttogotoPortArthur,M：Thatsoundsgreat.__4__W：Fortheprice,Cancunisoneofthebestsoyoudon'thaveanyregrets.Itisagreatplace.Sodoyouhavearidetotheairport?M：Mybrotherisgoingtodropusoff.W：Lookslikeeverythingisset.__5__Iknowmanypeoplewhoforgottotakeacameraontheirhoneymoon.M：Willdo.Thanks.A．Justmakesuretotakeacamera.B．You'regoingtohavesomuchfun.C．It'sabigtouristplace,sothereisaccesstoeverything.D．Wejustbookedourflightandgotourroom.E.It'salittleoutofourbudgetsowedidn'tevenconsiderAustralia.答案：1～5CDBEA[系列微技法]連讀的發(fā)音技巧一般來說，相鄰的兩個單詞屬于同一意群時，前一詞末尾的某些音素和后一詞詞首的某些音素可能連起來讀。連讀在語言交際中比較常見，正確、自然地連讀是語言流暢性的重要體現(xiàn)。需要注意的是，連讀的前提條件是相鄰的兩個詞必須屬于同一個意群，否則不能連讀。以下是幾種常見的連讀情況。1．“輔音＋元音”。相鄰的兩詞中，前一個詞以輔音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭時，一般將輔音和元音連起來讀。如：eq\o(Lookat,\s\do4(︶))thephotos.eq\o(Addexamplesof,\s\do4(︶︶))powerfulprepositionseq\o(inEnglish.,\s\do4(︶))2．“r/re＋元音”。前一個詞以-r或-re結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，此時r或re要發(fā)/r/音，并與其后的元音連讀。如：eq\o(Thereare,\s\do4(︶))manykids.3．“元音＋元音”。前一個詞以/I/或/i?/結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭時，添加/j/后連讀；前一個詞以/?/或/u?/結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，添加/w/后連讀。如：Iagree./eq\o(aIj?,\s\do4(︶))'ɡri?/Gooutoftheroom./'ɡ??eq\o(wa,\s\do4(︶))?eq\o(t?,\s\do4(︶))ve?'ru?m/[專項微訓練]聽下面的句子，標注連讀音1．Don'(t)tellmehe'eq\o(sa,\s\do4(︶))sleep.2．eq\o(ea,\s\do4(︶))longhomeq\o(ei,\s\do4(︶))fyoulike.3．Wouleq\o(dy,\s\do4(︶))oulikeq\o(ea,\s\do4(︶))walknow?4．Caeq\o(nI,\s\do4(︶))helpyou?5．Wha(t)caeq\o(nI,\s\do4(︶))doforyou?6．They'vebeeeq\o(na,\s\do4(︶))wayfoeq\o(ra,\s\do4(︶))ges.7．Theworeq\o(ki,\s\do4(︶))shal(f)finished.8．Pueq\o(ti,\s\do4(︶))(t)down!9．Don'(t)sto(p)them.10．Caeq\o(nI,\s\do4(︶))speaktoJohn?[課時跟蹤檢測][語言基礎訓練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Iaccidentallyscuffedtheheel(鞋跟)ofoneshoeonapavingstone.2．Afterthehourlongservice,hisbodywastakentoacemetery(墓地)inthesouthofthecity．3．Themansion(公館)wasdeclaredafire,whichsurprisedallofus.4．Don'texpectanythingandyouwon'tbedisappointed,that'smyphilosophy(哲學)．5．Heisafive-foot-eight-inch-tallapedescendant(后裔)．6．Thehousesarearrangedaroundacentralcourtyard(庭院)．7．Doyoueatsweets,cakesorsugarysnacks(點心)?Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Shecan'treplytofans'lettersindividually(individual);sheistoobusy.2．Confuciussaidthatlearningwithoutunderstandingleadstoconfusion(confuse)．3．Ourteacher'steachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.4．Levinsatthere,anexpression(express)ofsadnessonhisface.5．Therearetwoamongtheirrecentintroductions(introduce)thathavegreatlyimpressedme.6．Whenmyownsonwasfiveyearsold,Ibecameeagerforanotherbaby.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Iwanttowrite_down_whatyoujustsaid.我想把你剛才說的話寫下來。2．Themembersshare_views_onprotectionofculturalheritages.成員們就保護文化遺產(chǎn)交換意見。3．Myfatherallowed_me_to_go_out_for_a_walkafterfinishingmyhomework.我父親允許我做完作業(yè)后出去散步。4．Ihave_no_ideawhereIleftmypurse.我不知道把錢包落在哪兒了。5．Jonny,Ican't_believehowmuchyouhavechanged!喬尼，我不能相信你變化這么大！6．Themotherwas_eager_to_talk_withthedoctorabouthersickson.這位母親急著跟醫(yī)生談她生病的兒子的情況。[聽說強化訓練]Ⅰ.聽力訓練聽下面一段材料，回答第1至3題。1．WhatdoesthewomanplantodoinHongKong?A．Goshopping.B．Visitherfriend.C．Stayonabeach.2．HowwillthewomangotoSiemReapfromHoChiMinhCity?A．Byplane.B．Bybus.C．Byboat.3．Wherewillthewomanstayduringhertrip?A．Inbighotels.B．Inhertent.C．Insmallguesthouses.答案：1～3BCC聽力材料：M：Hi,Maria.Whatareyouupto?W：I'mjusttryingtoplanmytriptoSoutheastAsia.M：Whereareyouplanningtogo?W：Well,I'mgoingtostartbyflyingtoHongKong.IhaveafriendtherewhoIhaven'tseenforalongtime.ThenI'llflytoVietnamandtakeabusdowntoHoChiMinhCity.M：Andthenwherewillyougo?W：Well,fromthereI'lltaketheboatuparivertoSiemReapandseethefamoustemples.Fromthere,I'llflytoBangkokandtrytogettothemarket.Ihearit'sreallygreatforshopping.M：That'salotoftraveling!Whatwillyoudoafterthat?W：Iwasthinkingofjuststayingonabeachinthesouthforawhiletorelax.M：Whereareyougoingtostayinallthoseplaces?W：Well,Idon'thavemuchmoneyandIdon'tliketents.SoIplantojuststayinsmallguesthousesratherthanbighotels.Ⅱ.聽寫訓練(聽原文，補寫詞匯)M：Morning,everyone!Someonehaswrittentomeaskingabout①how_people_traveledinthepast,soI'dliketotalkaboutthistoday.Nowadays,peoplecan②travel_by_boat,_bybus,bytrainandbyair.However,travelingwasveryhardthousandsofyearsago.Therewerenoroadsandnocars.Peopletraveled③on_rivers_and_lakes.Theyusedlogs,eitheroneatatimeorputthemtogether.Peoplethen④began_to_use_animalstopullveryheavyloads.Somepeopleputrollersunderaload,andthiswasthefirstuseofthewheel.Thewheelwas⑤the_most_important_inventionintransportation.Theneedto⑥transport_many_peopleatonetimeledtotheinventionofthestagecoach.Thestagecoachwaspulledbyfourorsixhorses.Itoftendrovethroughthenight.Butpeoplewantedafasterandaneasierwayoftraveling.“Thehorselesscarriage”or⑦the_car_was_inventedin1892.Lifebecamemuchmorepleasant.Roadswerebuilt.Farmerswereabletotraveltocities.Citypeoplewereabletogetfruitandvegetables.Peoplewouldthentravelto⑧many_places_for_fun.Ⅲ.補全對話M：NowCathy,doyouknowwhenthevisitorsfromIndiaareing?W：Weofferthemthreechoices:theendofMarch,themiddleofAprilandthebeginningofMay.__1__M：Andhowmanyareing?Didyousayabout12?W：Yes,theysaid12atfirst,butreducedtothehalfthismorning.M：Good,wehaveeightweekstoprepare,herearemysuggestions.Onthefirstday,thereisaweleparty.__2__W：Weforgotthatthisgroupwantstovisitalocalmuseumtolearnabouthistoricalsites.M：Exactly,soIwanttoaskMrGoodmantogivethematalkonhistoricsitesontheafternoonofthethirdday.W：__3__M：Andonthelastday,theywoulddosomesightseeing,wecouldtakethemonthetourofLondonbutmanyofthemmayhavealreadybeen,andScotlandwillbetoofaraway.W：__4__M：Goodidea!Cathy,I'msurethey'lllikeit.A．Itwillbeverynicetoknowabouthistoricsites.B．Thentheycanvisitthehistoricsitesinthedistrictonthesecondandthirddays.C．They'vechosentheearliestonewhichisgoodactuallywithexamsingupinMay.D．Whynottakethemforawalkalongthecoast,itshouldbeinteresting?答案：1～4CBAD[主題閱讀訓練]Ⅰ.閱讀理解Petramaybethetreasureofanancientworld,hiddenbehindatallmountain.Itsbeautifulscenerymakesitoneofthegreatestancientsitesstillstandingtoday.monsensesays“perhapsthere'snothingontheplanetthatlookslikeit”.Withoutadoubt,there'snothingintheworldthatresemblesit.Therock-carvedrose-redtownofPetraisfilledwithamysteriouscharmthathadbeen“designedtostrikewonderintoallwhoenteredit”．PetraisthelegacyfromtheNabataeans,ahard-workinggroupofArabpeoplewhosettledinsouthernJordanmorethan2,000yearsago.Admiredthenbecauseoftheirculture,architectureandplexdamsandwaterchannels,PetrahasbeeaUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)worldheritagesiteandlistedintheNewSevenWondersoftheWorld.Petraisthemostwell-knownsiteinJordanlocatedabout262kmsouthofAmmanand133kmnorthofAqaba.TheDeadSeais80kilometersnorthofit.Thesteeplyrisingsidesofalong,cool,darkandnarrowgorge(峽谷)basicallykeepthesunlightout.SuddenlythegorgeopensrightintoanaturalsquarecoveredwithPetra'smostwell-knownmonuments,whichglowsinthebrightsun.Theancientcityshowsthevisitorsitsbeautifullook.Thetownislargeandthequalityofthearchitectureissurprising.ItleadssomeonetothinkaboutthecreativityfromtheNabataeanswhomadePetratheircapital.Petrawasthetoparchitecturalsiteformorethan400yearsuntilitwasoccupiedbytheRomansin106AD.Itwasseenfirstwhendiscoveredin1812afterbeinglostthroughthe10thcenturyfornearly300years!Petrahas800monuments,includingbuildings,tombs,baths,halls,temples,andstreets,whichweremostlycarvedintheprettysandstone.Petrasightsareintheirfinestintheearlymorningandthelateafternoon.Oncethesunwarmsthecolorfulstones,youwillseethemajestyofPetra.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文介紹了具有悠久歷史的古城佩特拉。)1．WhatdoweknowaboutPetrafromthepassage?A．Itisonthetopofamountain.B．Itwasapalacefortheking.C．Itisauniquesite.D．ItwasbuiltbytheNabataeansin106AD.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“monsensesays‘perhapsthere'snothingontheplanetthatlookslikeit’．”可推斷佩特拉風光的獨特性，故選C。2．WhereisPetraaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisabout133kmsouthofAqaba.B．Itisabout262kmnorthofAmman.C．Itis80kmsouthoftheDeadSea.D．ItisinsoutheastJordan.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheDeadSeais80kilometersnorthofit.”可知，答案為C。3．Accordingtothepassage,Petrawaslost________.A．inthe1500s B．inthe1600sC．inthe1700s D．inthe1800s解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段中的“Itwasseenfirstwhendiscoveredin1812afterbeinglostthroughthe10thcenturyfornearly300years！”可知，答案為A。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Jordan,acountryworthvisitingB．Petra,C．ThetreasurehiddenbehindamountainD．Petra,thebest-knownancientcityintheworld解析：選B標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Petramaybethetreasureofanancientworld,hiddenbehindatallmountain.”和全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了古城佩特拉的特色，故答案為B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Travellingisagreatwaytointeractwithaculturewhichmightbepletelydifferentfromyourown.__1__BeforeImovedtoSicilyIhadtravelledaroundthewholeofItaly,thesouthandthenorth,andIabsolutelyfellinlovewiththecultureandthelanguage,soIwasinspiredtolearnthelanguageandalsotomovehere.AndhereIamnow,livinginSicily.__2__Whenyougetbackhomeyou'llhavelotsofstoriestotellyourfriendsandfamily.Evenifsomethingisn'tveryfun,itwillbefunnytolookbackandlaughatthoseawkwardorharshmoments.Forexample,IwastravellingwithagroupoffriendsinPisaandwetookthewrongbustogettothebeacharea,soweendedupbeingstuckintherainandhavingtowalkback.Whenyoutravel,youexposeyourselftodifferentpeople.__3__It'sagreatlearningexperienceforbothyouandtheotherpersonbecauseyoucanshareandexchangeyourownideasandopinionsonarangeoftopics.Forexample,ImetanIranianphilosopherandwetalkedaboutthemagicofnature.AlotofhisideaswereshapedbyhisIranianbackgroundandIranianphilosophy.__4__Travellingistherealizationofhome.__5__SinceI'vebeenawayfromLondon,I'veetoappreciatethelittlethingsthatIusedtotakeforgranted,likeouramazingtransport—everythingrunsontime;everythingrunswell.Sosometimesittakesbeingawayfromhometorealizehowmuchyouabsolutelyloveyourhometown.A．Itwasareallyinterestingdiscussion.B．Travellingwillmakeyouareallygoodstoryteller.C．Travellingcouldenrichyourawarenessoftheworld.D．Theymayhaveapletelydifferentoutlookonlife.E．Werealizehowmuchwemissourhometownwhenwetravel.F．Travellingmightjustconvince(說服)youtomovetoanothercountry.G．Beingawayfromhome,wemissourfriendsandourfamilyverymuch.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。旅行是與另外一種文化進行交流的好方法。作者通過講述自己的經(jīng)歷來介紹旅行的好處；旅行可以讓你成為一個可以分享故事的人；旅行可以遇到不同的人并交流觀點和看法；旅行讓你更愛自己的家鄉(xiāng)。1.選F根據(jù)下文可知，作者在搬去西西里島之前曾去意大利旅游，并愛上了它的文化和語言，因而受到鼓舞學習了那里的語言，最終搬到西西里島居住。因此推斷此處講述旅行可以說服你搬到另一國家。故選F。2.選B根據(jù)空后一句可知，當你結束旅行回家時，你會有許多故事告訴你的朋友和家人，因此推斷旅行讓你成為可以講述故事的人。故選B。3.選D根據(jù)空前一句和空后一句可知，當你旅行時，你會遇到不同的人。這對你和另一個人都是一個很好的學習經(jīng)歷，因為你們可以在一系列的話題上分享和交流自己的想法和觀點。因此推斷D項“他們或許對生活有完全不同的觀點?！狈险Z境。故選D。4.選A根據(jù)空前兩句可知，作者遇到了一個伊朗哲學家，他們討論了大自然的神奇，這位伊朗哲學家的許多想法受到了他的伊朗背景和伊朗哲學的影響。因此推斷這是一場真正有趣的討論。故選A。5.選E根據(jù)下文“Sosometimesittakesbeingawayfromhometorealizehowmuchyouabsolutelyloveyourhometown.”可知，有時候遠離家鄉(xiāng)才會意識到你有多么愛你的家鄉(xiāng)，因此推斷E項“當我們旅行時，我們會意識到我們有多么思念家鄉(xiāng)?！狈险Z境。故選E。ReadingandThinking—提升閱讀能力·發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)每日一語——背主題金句，寫高分文章Ourhistoryisapreciousheritage,isworthproudof.我們的歷史是一份無比珍貴的遺產(chǎn)，是值得我們自豪的。[初讀課文·形成整體認知]一、寫了什么——明主旨大意Thetextismainlyabout________.A．learningaboutBritishEnglishB．theoriginoftheBritishnameC．learningaboutacountrythroughhistoryD．thegeographyoftheUnitedKingdom答案：C二、怎樣寫的——理層次結構三、有何深意——析選文意圖本文的活動主題是“通過歷史了解一個國家(的概況)”(Learnaboutacountrythroughhistory)。學生通過閱讀英國歷史的簡要發(fā)展進程，了解英國地理、社會及文化概況，并深入思考歷史與社會文化之間的關系。英國以英語作為主要官方語言，有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化，而英語也正是在這種歷史和文化中產(chǎn)生的，所以英語具有鮮明的英國文化特征。因此，學習英語必須要了解英國文化，了解英國文化也會對學習英語起到促進作用。本文語言淺顯易懂，時間線索明顯，有助于引導學生通過觀察地圖的類別和圖標，獲取關于英國歷史的重要信息。[精讀課文·疏通理解障礙]WHAT'SINANAME?TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain，England—manypeopleareconfusedby①?whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany②？?Gettingtoknowalittlebit③aboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle④.Inthe16thcentury,thenearby⑤countryofWales⑥wasjoinedto⑦theKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotland⑧wasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasadded⑨t(yī)ocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfrom⑩theUK,?whichresultedin?thefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland?.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortened?name:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”，?whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoas?[注解助讀]①beconfusedby 對……感到困惑②Ifany 如果有的話③alittlebit 一點兒；稍微④puzzle/'p?zl/n. 謎；智力游戲；疑問vt. 迷惑；使困惑⑤nearby/?n??'ba?/adj. 附近的；鄰近的adv. 在附近⑥Wales/we?lz/ 威爾士(英國)⑦join...to... 把……和……連接或聯(lián)結起來⑧Scotland/'skt?l?nd/ 蘇格蘭(英國)⑨add/?d/v. 增加；增添⑩breakaway(fromsb./sth.) 脫離；背叛；逃脫?resultin 導致?NorthernIreland/?n??e?n'a??l?nd/ 北愛爾蘭(英國)?shorten/'???t(?)n/vt. 縮短?referto...as... 把……稱作句子?what引導的從句作介詞by的賓語，what在從句中作mean的賓語。句子?Gettingtoknow...是動名詞短語作主語。句子?which引導的非限制性定語從句，which代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。其中wehavetoday是省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句，修飾thefullname。句子?which引導的非限制性定語從句，代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。[文意理解]1．Whathappenedinthe19thcentury?A．ThenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofB．TheScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofC．TheKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.D．ThesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK.答案：C2．True(T)orfalse(F)．①Allpeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.(F)②GettingtoknowalittleaboutBritishhistorywillbehelpful.(T)③Inthe18thcentury,WaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofThefourcountries?thatbelongto?theUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas?.Theyusethesameflag,?knownastheUnionJack,aswellas?sharethesamecurrency?andmilitary?defence?.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexampleeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))，England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegaleq\o(○,\s\up1(22))systems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforpetitionsliketheWorldCup!TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory?toexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.?Almost