2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省七彩陽光新高考研究聯(lián)盟高三（上）

返校英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共10小題，共25.0分）

A

Overtheyears,Rachelandherfamilywitnessedaseverechangeinthelandscapeoftheirhome

inPennsylvania.Thepopulationgrew,andthetowngotdirtierandpollutedasitbecamemore

industrial.

"I'mgoingtobeawriter,"RacheltoldhergoodfriendOlga,"AndJ'mgoingtowriteaboutmy

loveofnature.1wanttoshowhowindustrializationandprogresscancausedamageand

changestoanimals,birds,andplants."

WhenRachelwenttocollege,shemajoredinEnglish.Butbecauseofherloveofnature,she

soonswitchedtobiologyandlaterworkedfortheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.

In1945,Rachelfirstbecameawareofthepossibledangersofpesticides.Pesticides（殺蟲劑），

likeDDT,arechemicalsthatkillinsectsthatmighthurtplantsandcrops.Yearslater,herfriend

Olgawitnessedthisdangerfirsthand."Itwashonible,"shetoldRachel."AftertheuseofDDT,

sevensongbirdsdiedinoneplace.Thenfordaysafter,we'dfindmorebirdsdead."

"Iknow,"saidRachel.nTrue,DDTkillshannfulinsects,butitalsokillsthegoodinsectswe

needforpollinationandotherpuiposes.ltstaysintheenvironment.Whenbirdseatthepoisoned

insects,theygetsick.Ifthebirddoesn'tdie,thepoisoncanharmitsoffspring."

Olgawavedherarmswildly."Wehavetodosomethingaboutthis.*'Rachelwenttoherdesk

andgrabbedahandfulofpapers.ShehandedthemtoOlga."I'mwritingabookfromallthe

researchI'vegathered.ltwillbecalledSilentSpring.Fllshowhowpesticidesandotherharmful

chemicalscanhurtnature/

Olgaraisedhereyebrows.nYouknowthechemicalmanufacturerswillfightyou.Ifthe

governmentbelievespesticidesareharmful,they'llbeginaninvestigationandpossiblyoutlaw

them.Themanufacturerswilllosemoney.'1Rachelloweredhereyes."Iknow,butit*sabattle

worthfighting.Wehavetoprotecttheenvironment."

1.WhatmotivatesRacheltobecomeanenvironmentalist?

A.Herfamily'ssupport.

B.Olga*sconstantencouragement.

C.Herswitchofmajorincollege.

D.Negativeeffectsfromdevelopment.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookSilentSpring?

A.ItisbasedontheresultofRachefsresearch.

B.Ifsaboutthedamagecausedbyindustrialization.

C.Itisintendedtoraisepeople'sawarenessoftheriskfromchemicals.

D.IttellsthestoryaboutOlga'switnessofseveralbirds*deathfrompoison.

3.What'sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Olgawasworriedabouttheharmfulpesticides.

B.Thegovernmentwilltakeactionaboutpesticides.

C.Rachelwasdeterminedtoprotecttheenvironment.

D.ChemicalmanufacturerswillprobablyopposeRachel.

B

Todetermineifdogsdisplayjealous（妒忌的）behavior,investigatorssetupatestingcondition

wherethedogscouldimaginethatsocialinteractionbetweentheirownerwastakingplacewith

anotherdog.Forsafety'ssake,theydidn'tuseanotherrealdog,butratherarealisticmodelofa

dogthatmightbeviewedasapotentialcompetitorforattention.Asacontrolcomparison,they

usedacylinder（圓柱）thatwaswrappedinwool.

Theteststartedoutwiththedogstiedononesideoftheroom.Thedogsobservedthe"dog

competitor"sittingnexttotheirowner.Whilethedogwatched,abarrierwasrolledintoplace

betweenthedoganditspotential''competitor"sothattheycouldonlyseetheirownerfromthe

waistup.Althoughthedogscouldnotseewhattheirownerwasdoingwithhishands,theycould

seehimorherbendingoverandrepeatingsomelovingphraseslike“Whatagoodboy!".

Thechainthatthedogwastiedtowasattachedtotheequipmentthatcouldrecordhowhardthe

dogwaspullingonit.Thusthemeasureofthedegreeofjealousywashowpowerfullydogs

attemptedtoreachtheirownerswhentheyappearedtobepettingthecompetitorndog"behind

thebarrier.ltwasdeterminedthatthispullingreallywasbasedonjealousybecause,inthe

conditionwheretheownerswerepettingawool-coveredcylinderratherthanthemodeldog,the

dogspulledwithfarlessforce.Rememberthatalloftheseactivitieshappenedjustbecauseof

thedog'smentalpictureastowhatwasgoingonsinceeverythingbelowtheowner'swaistwas

hiddenbythebarrier.

Dogs1abilitytoconnectthedotsandinferthattheirowners'actionsweredirectedtowarda

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hiddencompetitorsuggeststhatdogsnotonlyarecapableofmentallyrepresentingsocial

interactionsbutalsospecificallydosowheninterpretinginteractionsthatmightthreatenthe

socialbondtheyhavewiththeirowners.Thismeansthatdogs,likepeople,canfeelthestrong

negativeemotionthatShakespearecalled“thegreen-eyedbeast."

4.Whyisacylinderwrappedinwoolusedinthestudy?

A.Tohidetheowner'swaist.

B.Tocontrolthemodeldog.

C.Toactasacomparisontothecompetitordog.

D.Toprovidecomfortforthedogsfeelingjealousy.

5.Howisthedog'sdegreeofjealousymeasured?

A.Howtheirownerspetthecylinder.

B.Howforcefullythedogspullonthelead.

C.Howoftenthelovingphrasesarerepeated.

D.Howtheirownersshowlovetothemodeldog.

6.Whatmakesthedogsshowtheirjealousy?

A.Themodeldogwassittingnearby.

B.Theirownerswerebendingovertorepeatlovingwords.

C.Belowtheowner'swaistwasawool-coveredcylinder.

D.Somecompetitordogwasstealingtheirowner'sloveawayfromthem.

c

Happinessisnotnatural.It'samerehumanconstruct.It^astateofcontentmentdiscouragedby

ourgeneticdesignbecauseitwouldlowerourguardagainstpossiblethreatstooursurvival.

Chasinghappinessislikechasingashadow,butthepositivethinkingindustryclaimstoknow

itssecrets.Self-helpwaspopularizedbyNormanVincentPeale,anAmericanminister.He

invented“positivethinking",aconceptnowdeeplyrootedinourcultureandsteadilygrowing

ininfluence.

Popularfilmsandbooksarefullofsupposedlyinspirationalstatementsabouthowallyouneed

todoisbelieveinyourselfandthenyou'llbeabletoachieveanythinginlife.Thisissimply,and

obviously,nottrue.Idon'tthinkthereisaneedtoexplainthatmanyobstaclesandmisfortunes

inlifeareunavoidable,orcannotbeovercome.Ourancestorsknewthis,andmanyphilosophical

andreligioustraditionsarebasedontheacceptancethatbeingaliveisaverychallenging

task,whichcomeswithsignificantamountsofsuffering.ltgoeswithoutsayingthatweshould

doallwecantomaximizeoursenseofwellbeingandminimizeoursuffering,buttheendresult

cannotbeastateofsustainedhappiness.Wearenotdesignedthatway.

Itcouldbearguedthatpositivepsychologyblamesthosewhoaresufferingfortheir

suffering,asitisbasedontheideathatunhappinessisentirelyavoidable.ltfollowstherefore

thatanunhappypersonmustbeinadequateandincompetent.Positivepsychologyencourages

peoplewhoarestrugglingwithaparticulargoaltopersevereinthefaceofunfavorable

possibilities,whichismuchmorepunishingpsychologicallyinthelongrunthanaccepting

defeat.

Ibelievethatcomingtotermswithlifeasitis,andnotasthehappinessindustrytellsusitcould

be,willmakeushappier,andwewillfeelmoreatpeacewithourselvesandwiththe

world.Unfortunately,thedevilalwayshasthebesttunes.

7.Whichofthefollowingstatementswillthewriterprobablyagree?

A.Happinessisagoalthatcanbeachieved.

B.Happinessisanideacreatedbyhumanbeing.

C.Popularculturehelpsdiscoverthesecretsofhappiness.

D.Happinessenablespeopletofightagainstoursurvivaldangers.

8.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardspositivethinkingindustry?

A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Sympathetic.D.Indifferent.

9.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying"thedevilalwayshasthebesttunes"inlast

paragraph?

A.Happinessindustryhasstronginfluenceonpeople.

B.Peoplebegintoacceptthatlifeisfullofchallenge.

C.Reducingsufferingcanguaranteelife-longhappiness.

D.Unhappinesswillnotnecessarilydominatepeople'slife.

10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HappinessinSufferingB.ThePursuitofHappiness

C.TheHappinessFantasyD.HappinessChasingIndustry

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

IngardensacrossBritainthegrasshasstoppedgrowing.(1)Infact,theyaregreenerandtidier

thanbefore.Thatisbecausethelawnsareactuallyartificialmadefromplastic.

(2)Countryestates(地產(chǎn))havelongcompetedtohavethemostperfectlycutgrassland."What

you'resayinginbigloudcapitalletters,isTmsowealthy',”saysFionaDavisonoftheRoyal

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HorticulturalSociety(RHS),asocietyforeco-gardeners.Withthecomingofthegrass-cutting

machinesin1830,themiddleclassesjoinedthefun.

ButnowBritonshavefalleninlovewithartificialgrass.EvergreensUK,whichsellsthe

stuff,saysithasseena120%riseinsalessince2015.GrassDirectreportstheyareupby50%

thisyear.(3)Thesematchdifferentregions：Scottishturf(草皮)isdarkerthanCornishturf.

Artificialgrassispopularwithfamilieswhohavechildrenordogsanddon'twantmudpulled

behindthroughtheirhouses.lthasanattractivefactor,too.AndyDriverofEvergreensUKsays

peoplenowseegardensas"outsiderooms"——pairingcarpetsofartificialgrasswith

comfortableseating.

Noteveryoneisafan.(4)Astudyfindsearthworms(蚯蚓)gain14%lessbodyweightwhen

operatingunderartificialgrass.Thatmightnotbeaproblemforitsfans,aswormholesarea

regularheadache,butitupsetsgreentypes.ExtinctionRebelliondugupartificialgrassoutsidea

churchinHarrogateinprotest.

Threeprotestorshavetriedtostopartificialgrassspreading.(5)TheRHSisconcernedabout

artificialgrass,butpreferspersuasiontolaw-making.

A.Britonsarefascinatedbylawns.

B.Theyarenotlackingwaterordrought-stricken.

C.Theseeco-gardenersaremorelikelytobeenvironmentalists.

D.Betap,aDutchfirm,hasrecentlylauncheditsfirstBritishdesigns.

E.Artificialgrassescontainmicroplasticsthatruinsoilandriskflooding.

F.Wildlife-lovinggardenersaregrowing,manypreferringtocatchtheinsects.

G.Thegovernmentsaysrestrictingwhatpeopledointheirbackyardsiswrong.

11.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

12.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

13.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

14.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

15.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

BritishCyclinghadrecentlyhiredDaveBrailsfordasitsnewdirector.Atthetime,professional

cyclistsinGreatBritainhad(16)nearlyonehundredyearsofmediocrity(平庸).InfacUtheir(17)

hadbeensopoorthatoneofthetopbikecompaniesinEurope(18)tosellbikestotheteam

becausetheywereafraidthatitwouldhurtsalesifotherprofessionalssawtheBritsusingtheir

bikes.

WhatmadeBrailsforddifferentfrompreviouscoacheswashis(19)ofsearchingforatiny

improvementineverythingtheydo.Thewholeprinciplecamefromtheideathatifyou(20)

everythingyoucouldthinkofthatgoesintoridingabike,improveitby1percentandyouwill

geta(21)increasewhenyouputthemalltogether.

Brailsfordandhiscoachesbeganbymakingsmall(22).Theyredesignedthebikeseatstomake

themmore(23).Theyaskedriderstowearelectricallyheatedovershortsto(24)idealmuscle

temperaturewhileridingandusedbiofeedbacksensorsto(25)howeachathleterespondedtoa

particularworkout.

Buttheydidn'tstopthere.They(26)tofind1percentimprovementsinoverlookedareas.They

hireda(n)(27)toteacheachriderthebestwaytowashtheirhandstoreducethe(28)of

catchingacold.Theyevenpaintedthe(29)oftheteamtruckwhite,whichhelpedthem(30)little

bitsofdustthatwouldnormallyslipby(31)butcouldaffecttheperformanceofthe(32)tuned

bikes.

Astheseandhundredsofothersmallimprovements(33),theresultscamefasterthananyone

couldhave(34).JustfiveyearsafterBrailsfordtookover,they(35)theroadandtrackcycling

eventsinalltheimportantGames.

16.A.lostB.enjoyedC.showedD.suffered

17.A.scoreB.performanceC.trackD.model

18.A.failedB.refusedC.expectedD.pretended

19.A.promiseB.opinionC.dreamD.philosophy

20.A.brokedownB.tookdownC.putupD.addup

21.A.flexibleB.temporaryC.significantD.random

22.A.differencesB.adjustmentsC.programsD.efforts

23.A.comfortableB.emptyC.softD.attractive

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24.A.maintainB.raiseC.reduceD.discover

25.A.changeB.monitorC.manageD.produce

26.A.continuedB.happenedC.learnedD.bothered

27.A.coachB.secretaryC.assistantD.surgeon

28.A.sessionsB.chancesC.recordsD.reactions

29.A.tyresB.roofC.insideD.seats

30.A.gatherB.recognizeC.spotD.send

31.A.surroundedB.unnoticedC.removedD.discovered

32.A.finelyB.initiallyC.slightlyD.positively

33.A.tookoffB.pickedupC.builtupD.gotoff

34.A.achievedB.rememberedC.mentionedD.imagined

35.A.dominatedB.witnessedC.celebratedD.attended

四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

36.Fuzhou,capitalofsoutheasternFujianprovince,rarelyfeaturesontravelplansforpeople

comingtoChina.However,itdeservesaplaceon(1)(traveler)maps,asithas

anexcellentplaceforexplorers,culturalenthusiastsandfoodies,anditalso(2)

(offer)auniqueglimpse(一瞥)intoanothersideofamorerealChinaoffthebeaten

touristtrack.

FuzhoulocalsrepresentthesouthernChinesementalityofopennessandfriendliness一so

theywillbehappy(3)(give)youawarmwelcome.Andastemperaturescan

reachupto20℃eveninJanuary,Fuzhouisaperfectplaceforawinterdestinationfrom

China'scoldnorth.

(4)(locate)onthebanksoftheMinRiverandrightacrossfromTaiwanon

theEastChinaSea,FuzhouisinmanywaystheperfectexampleofthesouthernChinese

capital.Next(5)thelivelyandbusylocalstreetsoftheinnercityyougetsea

views,mountains(6)historicalsites,butalsosomeofthe(7)(delicious)

foodinallofChinaandanightlifefullofenergy.(8)place,withitsmarvelous

greenparksandgardens,also(9)(know)asthe"CityofBanyans",becauseof

thenumerousbanyantreesplantedtheresincetheSongDynasty.Ifyouarelookingto

escapethenoisyurbanlife,Fuzhouoffersawiderangeofplacesfor(10)(relax)

andadventure.

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，上周六你校舉辦了服務(wù)社區(qū)的志愿者活動，請你自擬標(biāo)題為校英文

報寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：

1.參加人員；

2.活動內(nèi)容：陪護(hù)老人、健康宣講；

3.活動的意義。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

38.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。

WrappingpaperfleweverywhereasCaliopenedhergift.Theboxhadapictureofapretty

girl.Shewaswearingwhiteiceskatesandturningaroundafrozenpond.

Calilookedupatherauntandunclewithherbigbrowneyes.'Tigureskates?Wow!How

niceofyou!But,"thelittlegirlhesitated,"?--butIdon'tknowhowtoskate."Shelooked

embarrassed."Don1（worry,"saidAuntLisa."That'sthefunpart一learninghowtodoit!M

"That'sright,'1saidUncleGeorge."Wewilltakeyoutotheicerink（冰場）andallgo

skatingtogether.0

"Idon'tknow*'*saidCali.Shewasn'ttoosureshewasgoingtobeabletodoit.Sometimes

shehadahardtimelearningnewthings.Shelookedagainatthehappygirlonthebox.It

didlooklikefun.Caliimaginedherselfmovingandturningontheicelikearealfigure

skater."Okay/sheagreed."Let'sdoit!”

ThenextdayCaliwenttotheskatingrinkwithherauntanduncle.Hereyestwinkledand

herfacelitupwithexcitementasshelookedattheotherskatersaroundher.Shesatdown

onthebenchandslippedherfeetintotheskates.Holdingthestringsinherfingers,she

couldnotfigureouthowtotiethemup.nIdon'tknowhowtodoit,"shesaid.Shefeltsad

thatthiswasanotherthingshecouldn'tdo.

"Letmeshowyou."Herauntbentdownononeknee,explaininghowtoputthestrings

aroundthesmallhooks（鉤子）.Thenshetiedthemintoatightbow."Now,youdothe

otherskateyourself.I'llhelpyouifyouneedit."Calibentovertheskateanddidwhather

aunthadshowedher.Hertonguestuckoutofthesideofhermouthasshepaid

attention.Afterafewtries,sheworkedouthowtocrossthestringsaroundthehooks.Her

aunthelpedmakesurethestringswereniceandtight."Youdidit!”smiledheraunt,patting

Caliontheback.

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注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.至少使用5個短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；

3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；

4.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。

Paragraph1："Timetohittheice,"herunclesaid.

Paragraph2：Oof!Shefelldown,hard.

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】C

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

Thepopulationgrew,andthetowngotdirtierandpollutedasitbecamemoreindustrial.（隨著

人口的增長，這個城鎮(zhèn)變得越來越臟，污染越來越嚴(yán)重）和第三段

Butbecauseofherloveofnature,shesoonswitchedtobiologyandlaterworkedfortheU.S.F

ishandWildlifeService.（但是因為她對自然的熱愛，她很快轉(zhuǎn)向生物學(xué)，后來為美國魚

類和野生動物管理局工作）。說明激勵瑞秋成為環(huán)保主義者的是發(fā)展的負(fù)面影響。故選

Do

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

ItwillbecalledSilentSpring.I'llshowhowpesticidesandotherharmfulchemicalscanhurtn

ature.”它將被稱為SilentSpring。我將展示殺蟲劑和其他有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)是如何傷害大自然

的。說明寫SilentSpring這本書的目的是提高人們對化學(xué)品風(fēng)險的認(rèn)識。故選C。

（3）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段

Rachelloweredhereyes."Iknow,butit'sabattleworthfighting.Wehavetoprotecttheenvir

onment.”雷切爾垂下眼睛。“我知道，但這是一場值得一戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)斗。我們必須保護(hù)環(huán)境。

"說明Rachel下定決心保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選C?

本文主要講述隨著人口的增長，城鎮(zhèn)變得越來越臟，污染越來越嚴(yán)重?雷切爾為引起人

們對有害化學(xué)品的警示而寫了SilentSpring這本書。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

4.【答案】

【小題1]C【小題2】B【小題3】D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段"Asacontrolcomparison,theyusedacylinder

（圓柱）thatwaswrappedinwool.作為對照，他們使用了一個用羊毛包裹的圓筒。"可知

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在研究中使用羊毛包裹的圓柱體是為了與競爭對手的狗進(jìn)行比較。故選Co

(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段"Thechainthatthedogwastiedtowasattachedtothe

equipmentthatcouldrecordhowhardthedogwaspullingonit.狗被拴在鏈子上，鏈子上可

以記錄狗拉它的力度?！笨芍返募刀食潭仁峭ㄟ^狗拉導(dǎo)線的力量有多大來衡量的。故

選B。

(3)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段"Dogs'abilitytoconnectthedotsandinferthattheir

owners'actionsweredirectedtowardahiddencompetitorsuggeststhatdogsnotonlyare

capableofmentallyrepresentingsocialinteractionsbutalsospecificallydosowhen

interpretinginteractionsthatmightthreatenthesocialbondtheyhavewiththeirowners.狗能

夠?qū)⑦@些點連接起來，并推斷主人的行為是針對隱藏的競爭對手的，這表明狗不僅能夠

在心理上表現(xiàn)社會互動，而且在解釋可能威脅到它們與主人的社會關(guān)系的互動時也能明

確地表現(xiàn)出來人們。”可知讓狗表現(xiàn)出嫉妒的是一些競爭狗偷走了主人的愛。故選D。

本文介紹了為了確定狗是否表現(xiàn)出在行為方面的嫉妒，調(diào)查人員設(shè)置了一個測試。結(jié)果

表明狗能夠推斷出隱藏的競爭狗狗，行能夠在心理上表現(xiàn)社會互動。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

7.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】A【小題4】A

【解析】(1)B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第一段

"Happinessisnotnatural.It'samerehumanconstruct.It'sastateofcontentmentdiscouragedb

yourgeneticdesignbecauseitwouldlowerourguardagainstpossiblethreatstooursurvival.

幸福不是自然的。它只是人類的一種構(gòu)造。它是一種被我們的基因設(shè)計所抑制的滿足狀

態(tài)，因為它會降低我們對生存可能受到的威脅的警惕?！笨芍髡呖赡軙J(rèn)為幸福是人

類創(chuàng)造的一種觀念。故選B。

(2)A.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文第二段"Chasinghappinessislikechasingashadow,butthe

positivethinkingindustryclaimstoknowitssecrets.追逐幸福就像追逐影子，但積極思考行

業(yè)聲稱知道它的秘密。”可知作者對積極思考行業(yè)持的態(tài)度是不贊成。A.Disapproving不

贊成的；B.Supportive支持的；C.Sympathetic同情的；D.Indifferent漠不關(guān)心的。故選A。

（3）A.句意理解題。根據(jù)原文最后一段"Ibelievethatcoiningtotermswithlifeasitis,and

notasthehappinessindustrytellsusitcouldbe,willmakeushappier,andwewillfeelmoreat

peacewithourselvesandwiththeworld.我相信，接受現(xiàn)實生活，而不是幸福行業(yè)告訴我

們的現(xiàn)實生活，會讓我們更幸福，我們會對自己和世界感到更平和?！笨芍髡咴谧詈?/p>

一段說"魔鬼總是有最好的曲調(diào)?！笔堑囊馑际侨藗冮_始接受生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。

（4）A.標(biāo)題歸納題。本文介紹了幸福不是自然的。它只是人類的一種構(gòu)造。它是一種

被基因設(shè)計所抑制的滿足狀態(tài)，因為它會降低人類對生存可能受到的威脅的警惕。但是

接受現(xiàn)實生活，而不是幸福行業(yè)告訴我們的現(xiàn)實生活，會讓我們更幸福?？芍恼碌暮?/p>

適標(biāo)題是苦難中的幸福。A.H叩pinessinSuffering苦難中的幸福；

B.ThePursuitofHappiness對幸福的追求；C.TheHappinessFantasy幸福幻想；

D.HappinessChasingIndustry追求幸福的行業(yè)。故選A。

本文介紹了幸福不是自然的。它只是人類的一種構(gòu)造。它是一種被基因設(shè)計所抑制的滿

足狀態(tài)，因為它會降低人類對生存可能受到的威脅的警惕。但是接受現(xiàn)實生活，而不是

幸福行業(yè)告訴我們的現(xiàn)實生活，會讓我們更幸福。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析。

11.【答案】

【小題1]B【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】E【小題5】G

[解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句"IngardensacrossBritainthegrasshasstopped

growing.（在英國的花園中，草已經(jīng)停止生長。）"和后句"Infact,theyaregreenerandtidier

thanbefore.事實上，它們比以前更綠色，更整潔。）”可知，此句說明草停止生長原因

并非因為缺水或遭受旱災(zāi)，從而引出本文的話題。B選項"Theyarenotlackingwateror

drought-stricken.（它們沒有缺水或遭受旱災(zāi)。）"符合題意，故選B。

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（2）A.段落大意題。此空位于段首，對于整段起概括的作用。從下文”Countryestates（地

產(chǎn)）havelongcompetedtohavethemostperfectlycutgrassland.（長期以來，鄉(xiāng)村莊園

一直在競相擁有修剪得最完美的草地。）”可以看到Britons著迷于草坪。A選項”Britons

arefascinatedbylawns.（英國人對草坪很著迷。）”符合題意，故選A。

（3）D.推理判斷題。此空前"EvergreensUK,whichsellsthestuff,saysithasseena120%

riseinsalessince2015.GrassDirectreportstheyareupby50%thisyear.（銷售該產(chǎn)品的

EvergreensUK表示，自2015年以來，該公司的銷售額增長了120%。GrassDirect報告

稱，今年它們的價格上漲了50%o）”有兩家草坪公司蒸蒸日上的業(yè)績，后文Thesematch

differentregions：Scottishturf（草皮）isdarkerthanCornishturf.（這些草皮適合不同

的地區(qū)：蘇格蘭草皮比康沃爾草皮顏色深。）”說這些與不同的地區(qū)匹配，所以可以推

斷出荷蘭推出不同的設(shè)計來滿足市場需求，與整段講述同一話題。D選項“Betap,aDutch

firm,hasrecentlylauncheditsfrstBritishdesigns.（Betap,一家荷蘭公司，最近推出了它

的第一個英國設(shè)計。）”符合題意，故選D。

（4）E.推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文"Astudyfindsearthwormsgain14%lessbodyweightwhen

operatingunderartificialgrass.Thatmightnotbeaproblemforitsfans,aswormholesarea

regularheadache,butitupsetsgreentypes.（一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蚯蚓在人工草下活動時體重增

加了14%。這對它的粉絲來說可能不是問題，因為蟲洞是常見的頭痛問題，但它卻讓

綠色的人感到不安。）”講述人工草坪對蚯蚓的影響以及有些人對人工草坪的抗議，E

題前句“Noteveryoneisafan”，E選項講的是人工草坪的危害，屬于同一話題，是個完

美的匹酉己項。E選項Artificialgrassescontainmicroplasticsthatruinsoilandriskfooding.

（人造草含有微塑料，會破壞土壤并有洪水的風(fēng)險。）”符合題意，故選E。

（5）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文"Threeprotestorshavetriedtostopartifcialgrassspreading.

（三名抗議者試圖阻止人造草的蔓延。）”以及后文"TheRHSisconcernedaboutarticial

grass,butpreferspersuasiontolaw-making.（英國皇家園藝學(xué)會對人造草很關(guān)心，但比起

立法它更喜歡說服。）”可知，整段講述不同對象對人工草坪的不同態(tài)度。前有反對者，

后有關(guān)注者希望制定法律，G選項”Thegovernmentsaysrestrictingwhatpeopledointheir

backyardsiswrong.（政府說限制人們在他們的后院做什么是錯誤的。）”說明政府的

態(tài)度，符合題意。故選G。

這是一篇說明文。本文講述了人工草坪在英國的流行以及不同人群對人草坪的態(tài)度。

關(guān)于七選五的做題步驟：

步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍七個備選答案，先確定哪個選項適合放在文章的什么位置。通常

在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。

步驟四：注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。

步驟五：區(qū)分相似項。

16.【答案】

【小題1]D【小題2]B【小題3】B【小題4】D【小題5】A

【小題6】C【小題7】B【小題8】A【小題9】A【小題10]B

[小題11]A【小題12]A【小題13]B【小題14]C【小題151C

【小題161B【小題171A【小題181C【小題191D【小題20】A

【解析】(1)D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.lost失去；B.enjoyed享受；C.showed顯示；

□.suffered遭受。句意：當(dāng)時，英國的職業(yè)自行車手遭受近一百年的平庸。故選D。

(2)B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.score分?jǐn)?shù)；B.performance表現(xiàn)；C.track足跡；D.model

模型。根據(jù)后

文becausetheywereafraidthatitwouldhurtsalesifotherprofessionalssawtheBritsusingt

heirbikes.可知，事實上，他們的表現(xiàn)差。故選B。

(3)B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.failed失??；B.refused拒絕；C.expected期望；D.pretended

假裝。根據(jù)后文

becausetheywereafraidthatitwouldhurtsalesifotherprofessionalssawtheBritsusingthei

rbikes.可知是歐洲的自行車公司拒絕賣車。故選Bo

(4)口.考查動詞及語境理解。人0。1日$6承諾;B.opinion意見;C.dream夢想；D.philosophy

哲學(xué)。根據(jù)后文Thewholeprinciple可知，Brailsford與以前的教練不同的是，他的哲學(xué)

是在他們所做的每一件事上都尋找一個微小的改進(jìn)。故選D。

(5)A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.brokedown分解;B.tookdown記下;C.putup提供;

D.addup合計。根據(jù)后文whenyouputthemalltogether可知，如果你分解你能想到的所

有東西都用于騎自行車。故選A。

(6)C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.flexible靈活的：B.temporary臨時的；C.significant

顯著的；D.random隨機(jī)的。根據(jù)前面的improveitby1percent可知，當(dāng)你把它們放在一

起時，你就會得到顯著的增加。故選C。

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(7)B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.differences差異；B.adjuslments調(diào)節(jié)；C.programs程序；

D.efforts努力。Brailsford和他的教練們從制造小調(diào)整開始。故選B。

(8)A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.comfortable舒服的;B.empty空的；C.soft柔軟的;

D.atlractive吸引人的。句意：他們重新設(shè)計了自行車座椅，使之更舒服。故選A。

(9)A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.maintain維持；B.raise提高;C.reduce減少;D.discover

發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：他們要求騎手穿電加熱的超短褲來維持理想的騎車時肌肉的溫度。故選Ao

(10)B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.change改變；B.monitor監(jiān)控；C.manage管理；D.produce

生產(chǎn)。句意：使用生物反饋傳感器監(jiān)控每個運動員如何對特定的鍛煉有反應(yīng)。故選C。

(11)A.考查