202L2022學(xué)年河南省大聯(lián)考高三畢業(yè)班上學(xué)期階段性測(cè)試

（二）英語(yǔ)試題

考生注意：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生

號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.答復(fù)選擇題時(shí)，選出每題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。

如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答復(fù)非選擇題時(shí)，將答案

寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一局部聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，總分值30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上

的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題分，總分值分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wholikesthefilm?

A.Susan.B.Tom.C.John.

2Whendidthemovieactuallystart?

A.At17:00.B.At17:30.C.At18:00.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inabank.B.Inafoodstore.C.Inaclothesshop.

4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Husbandandwife.

5.Whatwillthespeakersgetreadyfor?

A.Abirthdayparty.B.Awelcomeparty.C.Asend-offparty.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每題分，總分值分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,

每題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。

6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Onabus.B.Nearabusstop.C.Inastore.

7.Whatdidthemando?

A.Hehurtthewoman.B.Hehelpedthewomancarrythebags.

C.Hemadethewomandropthebags.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，答復(fù)第8至10題。

8.Whatdoesthewomando?

A.Sheisareceptionist.B.Sheisatraveler.C.Sheisacleaner.

9.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Hisdaughterhascaughtacold.B.Theroomhelivesinistoohot.

C.Somethingiswrongwiththeelectricheater.

10.Whatwillthewomandoforthemanfirst?

A.Bringhimtwotowels.B.Gethimsomehotwater.C.Lookafterhisdaughters.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，答復(fù)第11至13題。

11.Whereisthemanspeakerlearningtodrive?

A.AtRobert'sDrivingSchool.B.AtRusselFsDrivingSchool.C.AtRupert'sDrivingSchool.

12.Whendidthemantakehisdrivingtest?

A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Yesterday.

13.Whydidthemanfailthelasttest?

A.Hedidn'tparkintherightplace.

B.Hehitsomethingduringhisdriving.

C.Hedrovethroughtheredlight.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，答復(fù)第14至17題。

14.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheman's.B.Atthewoman's.C.Attheman'sboss's.

15.Whatisthewomanprobably?

A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Anurse.

16.Whendidthemangraduate?

A.3yearsago.B.13yearsago.C.30yearsago.

17.Whatkindofpersonalitydoesthewomanhave?

A.Shy.B.Outgoing.C.Selfish.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，答復(fù)第18至20題。

19.Howdidthecollegegettheantiqueglasses?

A.Theyweregivenbyadirector.

B.TheywerepresentedbyArnolfini.

C.Thecollegeboughtthemfromthemarket.

20.Whichstolenobjectworriesthespeakermost?

A.Thevideorecorder.B.Apaintingofthecollege.C.Examinationpapers.

第二局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每題2分，總分值30分）

閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并

在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

HottestTravelDestinations

Sometimesfiguringoutthebestplacetogocanbedifficult.Herearesomehottesttravel

destinationsthatoffersomeofthemostbeautiful,artistic,andfashionableplacesontheglobe.

Ibiza,Spain

WhileIbizaisknownasapartycity,thereisfarmoretodointhishistorictownthansimply

drinkanddanceunderthestars.Builtmainlyinthesecondcentury,it'saworldheritagesitewith

architecturedatingbacktoasearlyasthe7thcentury.Don'tmissCharoRuiz,Ibiza'smostfamous

fashionbrand.Plus,theIbizaFashionFestivaltakesplaceeveryJune.

Tangier,Morocco

Knownasthe“doortoAfrica,Tangierhasarichandcomplexhistorydatingbackthirty

centuries.Ithasallthebeautyofthenaturalworld.Afterspendingamorningsunbathingbythe

MediterraneanSea,getinsomeamazingshoppinganddiscovergreatdealsoneverything.Before

youheadhome,stopoffinMarakeshtovisitsomeofthetopMoroccandesigners.

Havana,Cuba

SteppingontothestreetsofHavanafeelslikesteppingbackintime.Foradayofsightseeing,

checkouttheremainingarchitectureofOldHavana,whichwasbuilttencenturiesago.Youcan

easilydoitwithoneofthearea'smanywalkingtours.OrvisittheMuseumofRumforatasteofthe

island'smostpopularwine.Youmightcomeacrossaclothingshopofferingsomeclassicfinds!

MelbourneAustralia

Builtlargelyduringthe1850sgoldrush,Melbourneremainsasaliveasever.Makesureto

checkoutthehottestAustralianbrands.Moreover,visittheBlockArcadeinCollinsStreettosee

someofthe19thcenturyarchitecturaldetailstheworldhastooffer.And,ifyouwanttocatchthe

largestconsumerfashionfestivalintheworld,grabticketsfortheyearlyVirginAustralia

MelbourneFashionFestival.

1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinbothIbizaandHavana?

A.Tastelocalwine.B.VisitmodernMuseums.

C.Appreciateancientbuildings.D.Enjoypartiesunderthestars.

2.Toattendthegloballylargestconsumerfashionfestival,youhavetogoto.

A.SpainB.MoroccoC.Havana.D.

Australia

3.Whichofthefollowingcitiesistheoldest?

A.Ibiza.B.Tangier.C.Havana.D.

Melbourne.

【答案】l.C2.D3.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)熱門(mén)的旅游目的地。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ibiza,Spain中“Builtmainlyinthesecondcentury,it?saworldheritagesitewith

architecturedatingbacktoasearlyasthe7thcentury.（它主要建于公元二世紀(jì)，是世界遺產(chǎn)，

建筑可追溯到公元七世紀(jì)。）”和Havana,Cuba^""SteppingontothestreetsofHavanafeelslike

steppingbackintime.Foradayofsightseeing,checkouttheremainingarchitectureofOldHavana,

whichwasbuilttencenturiesago.（走上哈瓦那街頭，感覺(jué)仿佛回到了過(guò)去。在一天的觀光之

旅中，您可以參觀一下建于10個(gè)世紀(jì)前的老哈瓦那的現(xiàn)存建筑。）〃可知，西班牙的伊維薩

島和古巴的哈瓦那都有很多古老的建筑，所以游客們可以在這兩個(gè)地區(qū)欣賞古代建筑。應(yīng)選

Co

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"And,ifyouwanttocatchthelargestconsumerfashionfestivalinthe

world,grabticketsfortheyearlyVirginAustraliaMelbourneFashionFestival/此外，如果你想

趕上世界上最大的消費(fèi)時(shí)尚節(jié)，那就買(mǎi)年度Virgin澳大利亞墨爾本時(shí)尚節(jié)的門(mén)票。）〃可知，

要參加全球最大的消費(fèi)時(shí)尚節(jié)，你必須去澳大利亞的墨爾本。應(yīng)選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ibiza,Spain中“Builtmainlyinthesecondcentury（主要建于公元二世紀(jì)）〃，

Tangier,Morocco中“Knownasthe“doortoAfHca”,Tangierhasarichandcomplexhistory

datingbackthirtycenturies/被譽(yù)為“非洲之門(mén)〃的Tangier有著豐富而復(fù)雜的歷史，可以追

溯到三千年前。）,Havana,Cuba中“oradayofsightseeing,checkouttheremainingarchitecture

ofOldHavana,whichwasbuilttencenturiesago.（在一天的觀光之旅中，您可以參觀一下建于

10個(gè)世紀(jì)前的老哈瓦那的現(xiàn)存建筑。）〃和Melbourne,Australia中“Builtlargelyduringthe

1850sgoldrush,Melbourneremainsasaliveasever.（墨爾本大局部建于19世紀(jì)50年代的淘金

熱時(shí)期，如今依然生機(jī)勃勃。）〃可知，摩洛哥的Tangier有3000多年的歷史，所以Tangier

是這四個(gè)城市中歷史最悠久的城市。應(yīng)選B。

36-year-oldJuanDuallikestojokethathe'semptyinside.Juan'sstorybeganwhenhewas

only13.Itwasthenthathewasdiagnosedwithaterribledisease,whichlefthimwitha99.8%

chanceofdevelopingcancerofthedigestivesystem.Atage19,rightafterfinishinghigh-school,

Juanunderwentatoughoperationtotakeawayhiscolonandrectum.Sadly,itwasonlythe

beginning.Byage28,Juan'sdiseasehadaffectedhisstomachandgallbladdersohehadtogounder

theknifeagain.

Havingjustrecoveredfromseveralserioussurgeries,JuanDualdecidedtoacceptthe

invitationofsomefriendsofhisparentsandtraveltoJapan.Itwastherethatthingsstartedtochange

forthebetter.Hedidn'tspeakawordofJapanese,sohespentmostofhistimewalkinghisdog.One

day,thedogpulledharder,andJuanrealizedthathewasstillabletojog,andhestartedtodojust

that.

Monthslater,hefoundhimselfworkinginasmall,peacefultowninEngland.Therewaslittle

intermsofentertainment,butthetownwassurroundedbyhills,sohedevotedevenmoreofhistime

torunning.Hebefriendedsomelike-mindedfolksandtoldthemwhathe'dbeenthrough,andthey

seemedamazedatthefactthathewasstillalive,letalonethathewaspushinghimselftoexercise.

That'swhentheideaoffocusingonmotivatingotherstookrootinhismind.

WiththehelpofPepa,anutritionist,JuanDualslowlyrelearnedhowtoeattokeephisenergy

levelhighenoughtosustainhimduringphysicalactivity.Eightmonthsafterhislastoperation,he

finishedtheBarcelonahalfmarathonintwohours.Hethenstartedtrainingformountainrunning

andultra-marathons.

4.WhydoesJuanDualsayheisemptyinside?

A.Becausehehasnodesireforanything,B.Becausehedoesn'thavemuch

knowledge.

C.Becausehealwayssuffersfromgreathunger,D.Becausemanyofhisorganshave

beenremoved.

5.WhatmadeJuanDualawarethathecouldstillrun?

A.Hisparents'support.B.Awalkwithhisdog.

C.Theideaofchallenginghimself.D.Hisquickrecoveryfromsurgeries.

6.WhendidJuanDualdecidetoinspireotherswithhisstory?

A.AfterfinishingtheBarcelonahalfmarathon.

BAfterbeingintroducedtoanutritionistnamedPepa.

C.AftersharingitwithhisfriendsinanEnglishtown.

D.Aftermakingfriendswithpeoplewithsimilarsufferings.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJuanDual?

A.Ambitiousandintelligent.B.Inspiringandresponsible.

C.Unfortunatebutdetermined.D.Confidentbutstubborn.

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了JuanDual因?yàn)閺男』疾?，身體里很多器官都被摘除了,

直到一次在日本旅行時(shí)遛狗，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還能慢跑，于是開(kāi)始從事體育活動(dòng)，后來(lái)還完成了

馬拉松比賽。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段a36-year-oldJuanDuallikestojokethathe^emptyinside.Juan^story

beganwhenhewasonly13.Itwasthenthathewasdiagnosedwithaterribledisease,whichlefthim

witha99.8%chanceofdevelopingcancerofthedigestivesystem.Atage19,rightafterfinishing

high-school,Juanunderwentatoughoperationtotakeawayhiscolonandrectum.Sadly,itwasonly

thebeginning.Byage28,Juan'sdiseasehadaffectedhisstomachandgallbladdersohehadtogo

undertheknifeagain.（36歲的JuanDual喜歡開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)他內(nèi)心空虛。Juan的故事開(kāi)始于他13

歲的時(shí)候。就在那時(shí).，他被診斷出患有一種可怕的疾病，這使他有99.8%的時(shí)機(jī)患上消化系

統(tǒng)癌癥。19歲高中畢業(yè)后，Juan接受了切除結(jié)腸和直腸的艱難手術(shù)。遺憾的是，這僅僅是

個(gè)開(kāi)始。28歲時(shí)，Juan的病影響了他的胃和膽囊，所以他不得不再次動(dòng)手術(shù)）〃可知，Juan

Dual說(shuō)他內(nèi)心空虛因?yàn)樗脑S多器官都被切除了。應(yīng)選Do

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hedidn'tspeakawordofJapanese,sohespentmostofhistime

walkinghisdog.Oneday,thedogpulledharder,andJuanrealizedthathewasstillabletojog,and

hestartedtodojustthat.（他不會(huì)說(shuō)一句日語(yǔ)，所以他大局部時(shí)間都在遛狗。一天，狗狗拉得

更用力了，Juan意識(shí)到他還能慢跑，于是他就開(kāi)始了）〃可知，是遛狗讓JuanDual意識(shí)到他

還能跑。應(yīng)選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Hebefriendedsomelike-mindedfolksandtoldthemwhathe'd

beenthrough,andtheyseemedamazedatthefactthathewasstillalive,letalonethathewas

pushinghimselftoexercise.That'swhentheideaoffocusingonmotivatingotherstookrootinhis

mind.（他和一些志趣相投的人成為朋友，并告訴他們他的經(jīng)歷，他們似乎對(duì)他還活著感到驚

訝，更不用說(shuō)他強(qiáng)迫自己鍛煉了。就在那時(shí)，專注于鼓勵(lì)他人的想法在他的腦海中扎下了

根）〃可知，在與英國(guó)小鎮(zhèn)上的朋友分享了他的故事后，JuanDual決定用他的故事鼓勵(lì)其他

人。應(yīng)選C。

7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第?段u36-year-oldJuanDuallikestojokethathe'semptyinside.Juan'sstory

beganwhenhewasonly13.Itwasthenthathewasdiagnosedwithaterribledisease,whichlefthim

witha99.8%chanceofdevelopingcancerofthedigestivesystem.Atage19,rightafterfinishing

high-school,Juanunderwentatoughoperationtotakeawayhiscolonandrectum.Sadly,itwasonly

thebeginning.Byage28,Juan'sdiseasehadaffectedhisstomachandgallbladdersohehadtogo

undertheknifeagain.（36歲的JuanDual喜歡開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)他內(nèi)心空虛。Juan的故事開(kāi)始于他13

歲的時(shí)候。就在那時(shí)，他被診斷出患有一種可怕的疾病，這使他有99.8%的時(shí)機(jī)患上消化系

統(tǒng)癌癥。19歲高中畢業(yè)后，Juan接受了切除結(jié)腸和直腸的艱難手術(shù)。遺憾的是，這僅僅是

個(gè)開(kāi)始。28歲時(shí)，Juan的病影響了他的胃和膽囊，所以他不得不再次動(dòng)手術(shù)）〃以及最后一

段“WiththehelpofPepa,anutritionist,JuanDualslowlyrelearnedhowtoeattokeephisenergy

levelhighenoughtosustainhimduringphysicalactivity.Eightmonthsafterhislastoperation,he

finishedtheBarcelonahalfmarathonintwohours.Hethenstartedtrainingformountainrunning

andultra-marathons.（在營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家Pepa的幫助下，JuanDual慢慢地重新學(xué)會(huì)了如何吃東西，

以保持足夠高的能量水平，以支持他進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)。在最后一次手術(shù)八個(gè)月后，他在兩小時(shí)

內(nèi)完成了巴塞羅那半程馬拉松比賽。然后，他開(kāi)始進(jìn)行山地跑和超級(jí)馬拉松的訓(xùn)練）〃可推

知，JuanDual很小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始生病，并且摘除了很多器官，但是后來(lái)他堅(jiān)持進(jìn)行體育活

動(dòng)，還完成了馬拉松比賽，所以他是個(gè)不幸但堅(jiān)決的人。應(yīng)選C。

C

Dengueisaverypainfulillnessspreadbymosquitoes.Inseverecases,denguecanevenbe

deadly.Dengueisaseriousdiseaseaffectingpeopleinaround120countries.Itcancausehigh

fevers,headaches,andseverepain.It'scausedbyavirusspreadbybitesfrommosquitoes.

Therefore,dengueismorecommoninwarmareas.Everyyear,roughly390millionpeopleget

dengue,andasmanyas25,000diefromit.

Nowscientistsseemtohavefoundawaytoprotecthumansfromdenguebyfirstprotecting

mosquitoes.Denguefeveriscausedbyavirus.Thoughitmayseemstrangetothinkofitthisway,

themosquitoesthatspreadthedenguevirusarealsoinfectedwithit.Butthevirusdoesn'tseemto

hurtthemosquitoes.

Wolbachiaisakindofbacteriacommonlyfoundinmanyinsects.Insomeinsects,Wolbachia

cankeepsomevirusesfromdunlicalingthemselves,whichishowvirusesgrowinsideabody.

Wolbachiaisn'tnaturallyfoundinmosquitoes.ButbyinfectingthesemosquitoeswithWolbachia,

scientistscankeepthemosquitoesfromcatchingthedenguevirus.Evenbetter,theyoung

mosquitoescomingfromtheeggsoftheinfectedmosquitoesalsocarryWolbachia.

ResearchersworkingwiththeWorldMosquitoProgram（WMP）rana27-monthstudyin

Yogyakarta,Indonesia.Theysplita10-square-mileareaupinto24smallerareas.Inhalfoftheareas,

thescientistsdidnothing.Intheotherhalf,theysetoutcontainersofeggsfrommosquitoesthathad

Wolbachia.Theydidthiseverytwoweeksforjust4to6months.

Tenmonthslater,80%ofthemosquitoesinthetreatedareascarriedWolbachia.The

researchersreportthenumberofdenguecasesinthetreatedareaswasreducedby77%andthatthe

numberofpeopleneedinghospitalcarefordenguedroppedby86%.

Becausetheresultsoftheexperimentweresogood,theWHOhasplacedWolbachia-infected

mosquitoeggsinallpartsofYogyakartaandsurroundingareas.TheWHOsaysthatwithinayear,

theireffortswillprotect2.5millionpeopleagainstdengueandthattheireffortswillbeturnedintoa

programthatcanberepeatedworldwide.

8.Whatkindofdiseaseisdengue?

A.Itislikelytocausedeath.B.Itcausesnopainbutfevers.

C.Ithappenslessofteninhotareas.D.Ithurtsbothpeopleandmosquitoes.

9.Theunderlinedword"duplicating”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans"〃.

A.worseningtheharmofB.expandingthesizeof

C.increasingforcesofD.makingcopiesof

10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemethodfromthefigureslistedinparagraph5?

A.Itswideuse.B.Itseffectiveness.C.Itscomplexity.D.Itseasy

operation.

11.WhafstheWHO'sattitudetowardsthemethod?

A.Ambiguous.B.Positive.C.Tolerant.D.

Skeptical.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了一種嚴(yán)重的疾病——登革熱，它由蚊子傳播。在嚴(yán)重的情況

下，登革熱甚至可以致命。目前科學(xué)家似乎已經(jīng)找到了一種方法從保護(hù)蚊子入手，世衛(wèi)組織

對(duì)這種方法的態(tài)度很積極。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Dengueisaverypainfulillnessspreadbymosquitoes.Inseverecases,

denguecanevenbedeadly.（登革熱是一種非常痛苦的疾病，由蚊子傳播。在嚴(yán)重的情況

下，登革熱甚至可以致命。）可知，登革熱是一種可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡的疾病。應(yīng)選A。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的定語(yǔ)從句“whichishowvirusesgrowinsideabody."（這就是病

毒在體內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)的方式。）得知，病毒生長(zhǎng)方式是自我復(fù)制。劃線詞詞義為“復(fù)制”，應(yīng)選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Tenmonthslater,80%ofthemosquitoesinthetreatedareascarried

Wolbachia.Theresearchersreportthenumberofdenguecasesinthetreatedareaswasreducedby

77%andthatthenumberofpeopleneedinghospitalcarefordenguedroppedby

86%.”（10個(gè)月后，在處理地區(qū)80%的蚊子攜帶沃爾巴克氏菌。研究人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，治療地

區(qū)的登革熱病例減少了77%,需要住院治療的登革熱人數(shù)減少了86%。）可知，這些數(shù)字說(shuō)

明治療方法很有效。應(yīng)選B。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheWHOsaysthatwithinayear,theireffortswillprotect2.5

millionpeopleagainstdengueandthattheireffortswillbeturnedintoaprogramthatcanbe

repeatedworldwide./7（世界衛(wèi)生組織說(shuō)，在一年內(nèi)，他們的努力將保護(hù)250萬(wàn)人免受登革

熱的侵害，他們的努力將轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)可以在全世界重復(fù)實(shí)施的工程。）可知，世界衛(wèi)生組織

對(duì)這種方法的態(tài)度很積極。應(yīng)選B。

【點(diǎn)睛】

D

InAustralia,plentyofwildthingscanbiteorsting（束!J傷）you.Strangelyenough,oneofthemis

atree.Nowscientistshavefiguredoutwhatmakesthetree'sstingsobad.

TherainforestsofeasternAustraliaarehometoastingingtreeknownasDendrocnide.Many

peoplecallitthegympie-gympietree——anamegiventothetreebynativeAustralians.It?scovered

withsharp,needle-likehairsthatcarrypoison.Ifyoutouchagympie-gympietree,youwon'tforget

itanytimesoon.Thepaincanstaywithyouforhours,daysorweeks.Insomecases,it'sbeen

reportedtostayformonths.

Scientistshavelonglookedforthesourceofthispowerfulsting.Nowresearchersatthe

UniversityofQueenslandhavediscoveredwhatmakesthisstingingplantsopainful.Aftercarefully

studyingdifferentkindsofgympie-gympietrees,thescientistswereabletoseparateoutdifferent

chemicalsthatthetreesproduce.Thisallowedthemtoidentifyagroupofchemicalsthatthey

believedwasresponsibleforthepain.

Theresearcherscreatedartificialversionsofthesechemicals,whichtheycall“gympietides".

Sureenough,whenthescientistsinjectedmicewithgympietides,themicelicked（舔）attheplaces

wherethey'dbeeninjected,indicatingthattheyhurtinthoseplaces.Whenthescientistsstudiedthe

waygympietideswerebuilt,theyfoundthattheyformedaknot-likeshape.Theshapemakesthe

chemicalsverystable,whichhelpsexplainwhythepainstayssolong.

Theknot-likeshapeofthegympietideswassimilartotheshapeofpoisonsproducedby

poisonousspidersandconesnails.Thescientistsweresurprisedtoseethreeverydifferentkindsof

lifeallusingsimilarpoisons.Spidersandconesnailscarrypoisonsbecausetheycatchfoodby

stingingothercreatures.Ifsnotclearhowstinginghelpsthegympie-gympietree.

Thoughthetree'sstingmaystopsomeanimalsfromeatingit,itdoesn'tstopallanimals.

Beetlesandpademelons（smallrelativesofthekangaroo）areabletoeattheplantwithouttrouble.

12.Whyisatouchonthestingingtreeunforgettable?

A.Becauseithassounusualanappearance.B.Becauseitisextremelyrarein

existence.

C.Becausetouchingitcreatesaquitestrangefeeling.D.Becausethepaincausedbyitdoesn't

goawayquickly.

13.Whatdoscientistsfailtofindoutaboutthestingingtree?

A.Howitproducespoisons.B.Whatpoisonsitproduces.

C.Howitbenefitsfromthesting.D.Theconsequencesofitssting.

14.Whatdoesthetextimplyaboutthestingingtree?

A.Itproducesthesamepoisonsasspiders.B.Poisonousasitis,italsohasnatural

enemies.

C.Animalsarewiseenoughtostayawayfromit.D.Onlyonechemicalinitcausespainto

thetoucher.

15.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ScientistsDiscoverStingingTree'sSecretB.Caution:StingingTreeCanBiteand

PoisonYou

C.ScientistsDiscoveraStrangeSpeciesinAustraliaD.EffectiveWaystoAvoidBeingHurt

byStingingTree

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家對(duì)澳大利亞的金皮樹(shù)進(jìn)行研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)了其

刺到人們導(dǎo)致疼痛的原因以及盡管這種樹(shù)有毒，它也有天敵。

【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Ifyoutouchagympie-gympietree,youwon,tforgetit

anytimesoon.Thepaincanstaywithyouforhours,daysorweeks.Insomecases,it'sbeenreported

tostayformonths."（如果你碰一下進(jìn)金皮樹(shù)，你不會(huì)很快忘記它。疼痛會(huì)持續(xù)幾個(gè)小時(shí)，幾

天甚至幾周。據(jù)報(bào)道，在某些案例中這種疼痛會(huì)持續(xù)幾個(gè)月。）可知，碰到金皮樹(shù)會(huì)是讓人

難以忘記，因?yàn)榕龅綐?shù)會(huì)引起疼痛，而且疼痛不會(huì)很快消失，應(yīng)選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thescientistsweresurprisedtoseethreeverydifferentkinds

oflifeallusingsimilarpoisons.Spidersandconesnailscarrypoisonsbecausetheycatchfoodby

stingingothercreatures.It'snotclearhowstinginghelpsthegympie-gympietree."（關(guān)科學(xué)家驚

訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)三種不同種類(lèi)的樹(shù)都有相似的毒液。蜘蛛和錐形蝸牛攜帶毒素，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ㄟ^(guò)刺其

他生物來(lái)獲取食物。科學(xué)家仍熱不清楚刺是如何保護(hù)金皮樹(shù)的。）可知，科學(xué)家沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)金

皮樹(shù)的刺如何保護(hù)金皮樹(shù)，應(yīng)選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uThoughthetree'sstingmaystopsomeanimalsfromeatingit,it

doesn'tstopallanimals.Beetlesandpademelons（smallrelativesofthekangaroo）areabletoeatthe

plantwithouttrouble."（盡管這種樹(shù)的刺或許阻止一些動(dòng)物吃它，但是它不會(huì)阻止所有的動(dòng)

物。甲蟲(chóng)和小松鼠（袋鼠的近親）能夠不費(fèi)力地吃到這種植物。）可知，盡管金皮樹(shù)有毒，

一些動(dòng)物不能吃它，但是像甲蟲(chóng)和小松鼠就能吃到，這說(shuō)明盡管金皮樹(shù)有毒，它也是有天敵

的。應(yīng)選B。

4.主旨大意題。文章第一段指出，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)某種物質(zhì)使得一種帶刺的樹(shù)傷人。第二段講了

這種樹(shù)是澳大利亞的金皮樹(shù)，如果刺到人，疼痛會(huì)持續(xù)幾天，幾周，甚至數(shù)月。第三段指出

科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)金皮樹(shù)含有一組化學(xué)物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致刺到人們時(shí)會(huì)疼痛。第四段指出科學(xué)家用創(chuàng)造出的

這三種化學(xué)物質(zhì)在老鼠身上做實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)老鼠被注射了這三種化學(xué)物質(zhì)后，身上有結(jié)狀的包，

這個(gè)包是導(dǎo)致疼痛持續(xù)的原因。第五段指出有其他的三種生物也有相似的毒液。第六段指出

盡管金皮樹(shù)有毒，但是它也有天敵。所以縱觀全文發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章主要講述了科學(xué)家對(duì)金皮樹(shù)的

研究，且發(fā)現(xiàn)了金皮樹(shù)的秘密，應(yīng)選A。

第二節(jié)供5小題；每題2分，總分值10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題

卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whetheryou'reattendingadinnerpartyorspendingafewnightswithafamilymemberor

friend,knowingandfollowingpropermannersforguestsisnecessary.

16.Ifyoureceivetheinvitationinwriting,followupwithareplyinwriting.Averbal

invitationcanbeansweredeitherwithanoteorphonecall.Getintouchwiththehostassoonas

possible.

Ifsalwaysagoodideatoarrivewithin10to15minutesoftheappointedtimeontheinvitation.

Ifyougettheretooearly,youmightbeinthewayduringpartypreparations.Conversely,ifyouget

thereanhourlate,youmightmisssomethingimportant.17,suchasaconcert,wedding,

funeralorgraduation.

Respectyourhost'spersonalspace.Thismeansyoushouldneverbreakintoaroomwitha

closeddoororinterruptaconversation.Don'texpectyourhosttowanttospendtheentiredaywith

you.18.Andthatincludesyourgeneroushost.

Allparties,personalvisits,andovernightstaysshouldendwhileyou'restillhavinganicetime.

Therefore,youshouldknowtoleave.Besides,youshouldalwayssendathank-younoteafteraparty,

longvisit,orovernightstay.Dothisassoonasyougethome.Thankthehost,makeapositive

commentaboutsomeaspectofthevisit,andendwithanoteaboutlookingforwardtoseeinghimor

heragain.19.

Beingaguestwithgoodmannersmeansmuchmorethanjustshowingupandbeingthelifeof

theparty.20,soyouneedtoshowyourappreciationbybeingkindandpolite.

A.Everyoneneedsalittletimealone

B.Thehosttriestoinviteandentertainyou

C.Youshouldalwaysrespondtoaninvitation

D.Awkwardsituationshappenfromtimetotime

E.Youmightevenofferaninvitationtoyourhome

F.Alwaysbethoughtfulandkeepyourhostinmind

G.Therearetimeswhenit'snecessarytobeontime

【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些參加晚宴需要了解并遵守的客人禮儀。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Ifyoureceivetheinvitationinwriting,followupwithareplyinwriting.Averbal

invitationcanbeansweredeitherwithanoteorphonecall.Getintouchwiththehostassoonas

possibles如果你收到了書(shū)面的邀請(qǐng)，隨后要寫(xiě)一個(gè)書(shū)面的回復(fù)?？陬^邀請(qǐng)可以用便條或來(lái)

答復(fù)。盡快和主人取得聯(lián)系）”可知，本段的主旨是收到邀請(qǐng)，要記得做出回復(fù)。c選項(xiàng)“你

應(yīng)該對(duì)邀請(qǐng)做出回應(yīng)”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"It'salwaysagoodideatoarrivewithin10to15minutesoftheappointedtimeonthe

invitation.Ifyougettheretooearly,youmightbeinthewayduringpartypreparations.Conversely,

ifyougetthereanhourlate,youmightmisssomethingimportant.（最好在請(qǐng)柬上約定的時(shí)間10

到15分鐘內(nèi)到達(dá)。如果你去得太早，你可能會(huì)阻礙派對(duì)的準(zhǔn)備工作。相反，如果你晚到一

個(gè)小時(shí)，你可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一些重要的事情）"以及后文"suchasaconcert,wedding,funeralor

graduation.（例如音樂(lè)會(huì)、婚禮、葬禮或畢業(yè)典禮）"可知，上文提到了提前或晚到的情況，

結(jié)合后文列舉的場(chǎng)景，可知本句是在說(shuō)明一些必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)到的場(chǎng)合。G選項(xiàng)“有些時(shí)候必須準(zhǔn)

時(shí)"符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Respectyourhost'spersonalspace.Thismeansyoushouldneverbreakintoaroom

withacloseddoororinterruptaconversation.Don'texpectyourhosttowanttospendtheentireday

withyou.（尊重主人的私人空間。這意味著你永遠(yuǎn)不要闖入一個(gè)關(guān)著門(mén)的房間或打斷別人的

談話。不要指望主人會(huì)一整天都和你在一起）"以及后文"Andthatincludesyourgenerous

host.（這也包括你慷慨的主人）“可知，上文提到不要指望主人整天和客人在一起，尊重主人

的私人空間，本句承接上文說(shuō)明原因：每個(gè)人都需要一點(diǎn)獨(dú)處的時(shí)間。故A選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人

都需要一點(diǎn)獨(dú)處的時(shí)間”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Allparties,personalvisits,andovernightstaysshouldendwhileyou'restillhavinga

nicetime.Therefore,youshouldknowtoleave.Besides,youshouldalwayssendathank-younote

afteraparty,longvisit,orovernightstay.Dothisassoonasyougethome.Thankthehost,makea

positivecommentaboutsomeaspectofthevisit,andendwithanoteaboutlookingforwardto

seeinghimorheragain.（所有的聚會(huì)、私人訪問(wèn)和過(guò)夜都應(yīng)該在你仍然玩得很開(kāi)心的時(shí)候結(jié)

束。因此，你應(yīng)該知道離開(kāi)。此外，在聚會(huì)、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的訪問(wèn)或過(guò)夜后，你應(yīng)該經(jīng)常發(fā)送一封

感謝信。你一回家就做這個(gè)。感謝主人，對(duì)這次訪問(wèn)的某些方面給予肯定的評(píng)價(jià)，并在結(jié)尾

寫(xiě)上希望再次見(jiàn)到他或她的愿望）”可知，上文提到感謝主人，并表達(dá)希望再次見(jiàn)面的希望，

本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明可以如何表達(dá)再次見(jiàn)面的希望：邀請(qǐng)去你家。

E選項(xiàng)“你甚至可以邀請(qǐng)去你家"符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文**Beingaguestwithgoodmannersmeansmuchmorethanjustshowingupandbeingthe

lifeoftheparty.（作為一個(gè)有禮貌的客人意味著不僅僅是出席和成為聚會(huì)的人）”以及后文

"soyouneedtoshowyourappreciationbybeingkindandpolite.（所以你需要通過(guò)友善和禮貌

來(lái)表達(dá)你的感謝之情）〃可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說(shuō)明邀請(qǐng)的真正內(nèi)涵：主人試圖邀請(qǐng)你并招待

你，你需要通過(guò)友善和禮貌來(lái)表達(dá)你的感謝之情。B選項(xiàng)“主人試圖邀請(qǐng)你并招待你”符合

語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選B。

第三局部語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題；每題分，總分值30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入

空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

IwasblessedforallthespecialmomentsIhadwithmymother.Whenshewas82,shethought

shewas21mebyaskingmetotakehertothemanydoctorvisitsshehad,butitwasa

22formetosp