中考英語(yǔ)完形填空解題方法與技巧

（一）完形填空題考什么？1、詞法及詞義辨析2、固定短語(yǔ)搭配3、上下文邏輯關(guān)系4、文化背景及生活常識(shí)一、完形填空題型分析解讀（二）中考完形填空題的特點(diǎn)突出語(yǔ)篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用，注重語(yǔ)境。2.辨析詞義，以實(shí)詞為主。3.題材多為記敘文，敘議結(jié)合。（三）完形填空的題材、文體分類①文化習(xí)俗②科普知識(shí)③著名人物④幽默故事⑤日常生活⑥人生百味題材文體①記敘②議論③說(shuō)明

二、完形填空的解題方法和技巧

盡管看起來(lái)形式上有殘缺（若干個(gè)空），但它的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣、句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時(shí)，通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語(yǔ)境，注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語(yǔ)法到意義的合理搭配。

原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即clues,有的在本句中，有的在前，稱為前提示，有的在后，稱為后暗示,有的暗含于語(yǔ)篇中。

要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用

第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…)

要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用故事的結(jié)局問(wèn)題的結(jié)論幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾

留意文章中有中文注釋的詞有注釋的詞往往對(duì)理解短文和解題有幫助。Step1抓住首尾，了解短文完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.Practice可以推測(cè)：

這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過(guò)重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時(shí)間，成了影響他們健康成長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，首句：

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．第三段首句：“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”中文注釋：

anexpert(專家)尾句：

Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.撇開(kāi)選項(xiàng)不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息：（1）XiaoQiang是個(gè)12歲中國(guó)男孩。（2）他有許多活動(dòng)。（3）專家認(rèn)為過(guò)量的課程安排是個(gè)問(wèn)題。（4）孩子們需要時(shí)間休息。

Step2通讀全文,把握脈絡(luò)

XiaoQiang，…

通過(guò)跳過(guò)空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、理清了觀點(diǎn)、分清了層次。本文講述了許多青少年學(xué)生在課余時(shí)間奔走于各種各樣的afterschoolactivities的問(wèn)題，專家呼吁Kidsneedtimetorelax.

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtoo

tried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5

mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneat

fastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.跳過(guò)空格通讀短文：Step3瞻前顧后，上下求索

本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語(yǔ)感，推測(cè)部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志和答題暗示。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。完形填空。（共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘）

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy

2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.平行結(jié)構(gòu)1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt46mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.前提示后暗示1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving相同或相似結(jié)構(gòu)完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoo

manyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.因果關(guān)系表達(dá)心情的形容詞應(yīng)與表達(dá)心情的形容詞匹配后暗示4.A.butB.orC.becauseD.so5.A.excitedB.interestedC.worriedD.dangerous6.A.greattimeB.fulltimeC.righttimeD.freetime完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6

toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過(guò)量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

or

ofteneat

fastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10

aboutwhatisrightforkids.后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)

7.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.happily8.A.onB.byC.inD.across9.A.tallerB.strongerC.olderD.better10.A.hearB.thinkC.lookD.tell固定搭配結(jié)合句義推測(cè)固定搭配、語(yǔ)境Step4

再讀文章，核查答案

將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭(zhēng)取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語(yǔ)義通順+邏輯合理。

保留解題痕跡的卷面：

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6

toplay.”“Over-schedulin