學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精內(nèi)蒙古包頭市2014高考英語二輪訓(xùn)練（5）及答案【2014高考英語東莞市模擬試題】Lastnight’smeteor(流星)showerleftmanypeopleinthecommunitydissatisfiedanddemandinganswers.AccordingtoGabeRothschild，Emerald“Myfamilywassofrustrated，”admittedtownresidentDuaneCosby?！癢ewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyouting,butitturnedouttobeahugedisappointment.”Astronomers—scientistswhostudystarsandplanets—havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.Theysaythatlightpollutionpreventsthemfromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution。Thispopulationconsistsofbirds，bats，frogs，snakes,etc.Forexample，outdoorlightingseverelyaffectsmigrating(遷徙的)birds。AccordingtotheInternationalDar—SkyAssociation，“100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers?！盋ountlessmoreanimalcasualties（傷亡)resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting。Clearly，peopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheirevenings，butsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmfulforhumans,too。Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson'schancesofgettingcancer.EmeraldValleyisonlyonecommunitythatisbecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsoflightpollution.Foryears，F(xiàn)lagstaff,41．Ithappenedlastnightthat________．A。thecity'slightsaffectedthemeteorwatchingB．themeteorsflewpastbeforebeingnoticedC．thecitylightshowattractedmanypeopleD．themeteorwatchingendedupasocialouting42．Whatdotheastronomerscomplainabout?A．Meteorshowersoccurlessoftenthanbefore。B．Theirobservationequipmentisinpoorrepair。C．Lightpollutionhasremainedunsolvedforyears.D．Theireyesightisfailingduetoartificiallighting。43．WhatistheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph4?A。Birdsmaytakeothermigrationpaths.B．Animals’livinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.C．Varietiesofanimalswillbecomesharplyreduced.D．Animals'survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting。44．LightingregulationsinFlagstaff，Arizonaareputintoeffectto________．A．lessenthechanceofgettingcancerB．createanidealobservationconditionC．ensurecitizensagoodsleepatnightD．enableallcreaturestoliveinharmony45．Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttogiveus?A．Savingwildlifeissavingourselves.B．Greateffortsshouldbemadetosaveenergy.C．Humanactivitiesshouldbeenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Newequipmentshouldbeintroducedforspacestudy.【參考答案】41-45：ACDBC閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B，C，D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑?！?014高考英語陜西省西安市第一中學(xué)二?！緼Advertisinggivesusefulinformationaboutwhichproductstobuy.Butmodernadvertisingdoesmorethangivesnewsaboutproductsandservices。Today’sadvertisements,orads,trytogetconsumerstobuycertainbrands。Writersofadvertisingaresoskillfulthattheycan，sometimespersuadeaconsumertowearacertainkindofclothing,eataspecialkindofcereal,orseeamovie.Consumersmightneverevenwantaproductiftheydidnotseeorhearadvertisementsforit.

Forexample，youprobab1ydonotneedthenewestcerealinthesupermarket.Thereareprobablymanycerealbrandsonyourkitchenshelves.Youmaynothavespaceonashelfforanother。Butifyouseeadsaboutanewcerealthatisyourextra—tastyandhasafreeprizeinthebox,youmaywantit.

Advertisingmustgetattention。Tobeeffective，itmustbeexciting,entertaining，orprovidesomepleasure.Thesecretofwritinggoodadvertisingcopyistoofferagoodideaaswellasaproduct.Theideaiswhattheadisreallyselling。Oneexampleisanadthatsayseatingacertaincerealwillmakeapersondowellinsports.Thatcerealbrandmaysellbetterifconsumersthinkitoffersstrengthandenergy.46。Whatisdiscussedinthispassage？

A.Thecontentofmodernadvertising。 B。Theskillsofmodernadvertising。

C.Theresultsofmodernadvertising. D.Thewritingofmodernadvertising.47。Accordingtothepassage,agoodadvertisementshould

____________.

A.bebothpersuasiveandeffectiveB。givepeopleusefulinformation

C。showpeopleaproduct D。showpeopleanewideaofaproduct

48.Fromthepassage,weknowthat

___________________。

A。modernadvertisinghaslesseffectoncustomersB。oncecustomersseeadsaboutanewcerea1,theyaresuretobuyit

C。cerealcanmakepeoplestrong

D。cerealisakindoffoodwhichispopularamongpeople

49.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage？

A。Customerscaneasilybepersuadedbyadvertisements。

B。Customersshouldbepersuadedbyadvertisements.

C.It’simpossibleforcustomerstobuyaproductwithoutadvertisements。

D。Customersbuyproductsaccordingtotheirdemandsratherthantheadvertisements.【參考答案】46—49BADA閱讀理解---——--—(2011·北京卷，D）AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturies，anewelectricalgenerating(發(fā)電)andtransmission(輸送)systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWest，forbetterorworse.Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenery,butinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity。Thesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityaround.The19thcenturysawlandgrants(政府撥地)offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroads，leavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedland.Inmuchofthewest，someoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundeveloped，andinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement.Withthecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystem,manyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwell,havelosttheirlifebloodanddied。BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest。Thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem。Weneedalternativeenergybadly，andtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.Sotrade.offswillhavetobemade.Somescenicsportswillbesacrificed.Somespecies(物種)willbeforcedtomove，orwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations。Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects。Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade。offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion。Therearechancesforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgood.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehind,justliketherailroadsandthehighways。Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade。offsandtheinstitutionthatcontrolitwillshapetheWestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines。Solet'sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest。本文是一篇說明文。19世紀，美國政府撥款修建鐵路和公路，這既帶來了好處，也帶來了一些不利?，F(xiàn)在21世紀,一種新型的電力系統(tǒng)會給美國帶來好處還是壞處，這是值得考慮的一個問題.在建這種新型的電力系統(tǒng)時，我們要記住鐵路和公路的影響。17．Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.Smalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoned。B.Somerailroadstopsremainedunderused.C。LandintheWestwashardtomanage.D。Landgrantswentintoprivatehands。答案:C。細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的“.。.andinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement?！笨芍?，建鐵路導(dǎo)致的問題是“土地所有權(quán)給土地管理帶來了挑戰(zhàn)”。A項是修建公路的影響；B項說一些鐵路站一直未被充分利用，是錯誤的;D項原文未說.18．Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs？A。Thetransmissionofpower. B。Theuseofmoneyandpower.C.Theconservationofsolarenergy。 D。Theselectionofanidealplace。答案:B。推理判斷題。細讀最后兩段可知，對于可替代能源的發(fā)展主要的擔憂是錢和力，錢和力可能帶來一些好處,有可能被浪費掉，并且?guī)硪恍┢渌膯栴}。19．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants？A.Cautious. B。Approving. C。Doubtful. D。Disapproving.答案:A。推理判斷題.根據(jù)全文以及文章的最后一句話“Solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighroadsasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest。"可知,對正在建立新的電力系統(tǒng)是比較謹慎的.20．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A。HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB.HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestC.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedD。HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled答案：B。主旨大意題.文章借助于鐵路和公路對美國的影響，要說明的是太陽能這種新的電力系統(tǒng)對美國西部地區(qū)會有什么的影響?？破罩R類Nexttimeacustomercomestoyouroffice,offerhimacupofcoffee.Andwhenyou’redoingyourholidayshoppingonline，makesureyou'reholdingalargeglassoficedtea。Thephysicalsensation（感覺）ofwarmthencouragesemotionalwarmth,whileacolddrinkinhandpreventsyoufrommakingunwisedecisions—thosearethepracticallessonbeingdrawnfromrecentresearchbypsychologistJohnA.Bargh.Psychologistshaveknownthatoneperson'sperception（感知）ofanother’s“warmth”isapowerfuldeterminerinsocialrelationships。Judgingsomeonetobeeither“warm”or“cold"isaprimaryconsideration,eventrumpingevidencethata“cold”personmaybemorecapable.Muchofthisisrootedinveryearlychildhoodexperiences,Barghargues，whenbabies’conceptualsenseoftheworldaroundthemisshapedbyphysicalsensations，particularlywarmthandcoldness。ClassicstudiesbyHarryHarlow,publishedin1958,showedmonkeyspreferredtostayclosetoacloth“mother"ratherthanonemadeofwire，evenwhenthewire“mother”carriedafoodbottle。Harlow'sworkandlaterstudieshaveledpsychologiststostresstheneedforwarmphysicalcontactfromcaregiverstohelpyoungchildrengrowintohealthyadultswithnormalsocialskills.Feelingsof“warmth”and“coldness”insocialjudgmentsappeartobeuniversal。Althoughnoworldwidestudyhasbeendone,Barghsaysthatdescribingpeopleas“warm”or“cold”iscommontomanycultures,andstudieshavefoundthoseperceptionsinfluencejudgmentindozensofcountries.Totesttherelationshipbetweenphysicalandpsychologicalwarmth,Barghconductedanexperimentwhichinvolved41collegestudents.Aresearchassistantwhowasunawareofthestudy’shypotheses（假設(shè)）,handedthestudentseitherahotcupofcoffee,oracolddrink，toholdwhiletheresearcherfilledoutashortinformationform。Thedrinkwasthenhandedback。Afterthat,thestudentswereaskedtoratethepersonalityof“PersonA”basedonaparticulardescription。ThosewhohadbrieflyheldthewarmdrinkregardedPersonAaswarmerthanthosew