微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著全球氣候變化的日益嚴(yán)重，碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用已成為全球科研和產(chǎn)業(yè)界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。微藻作為一種高效的光合作用生物，具有生長(zhǎng)速度快、生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量高、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，因此在碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文旨在綜述微藻在碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)方面的研究進(jìn)展，包括微藻的生長(zhǎng)特性、固碳機(jī)制、生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)及其在能源、環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀，以期為相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究與實(shí)踐提供有益的參考和啟示。Withtheincreasinglysevereglobalclimatechange,researchandapplicationofcarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologieshavebecomethefocusofglobalscientificresearchandindustry.Microalgae,asanefficientphotosyntheticorganism,havethecharacteristicsoffastgrowthrate,highbiomassyield,andstrongenvironmentaladaptability.Therefore,theyhavebroadapplicationprospectsincarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.Thisarticleaimstoreviewtheresearchprogressofmicroalgaeincarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologies,includingtheirgrowthcharacteristics,carbonsequestrationmechanisms,biomassconversiontechnologies,andtheirapplicationstatusinenergy,environmentalprotection,andotherfields,inordertoprovideusefulreferenceandinspirationforresearchandpracticeinrelatedfields.文章將首先介紹微藻的基本生物學(xué)特性及其在全球碳循環(huán)中的作用，闡述微藻碳減排的基本原理和潛力。接著，將重點(diǎn)綜述微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)的最新研究成果，包括生物質(zhì)提取、生物質(zhì)能轉(zhuǎn)化和生物質(zhì)化學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)化等方面。文章還將分析當(dāng)前微藻碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)與問(wèn)題，如微藻生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽消耗、生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化效率的提升以及環(huán)境影響等。文章將展望微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和未來(lái)應(yīng)用前景，以期為相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究與實(shí)踐提供有益的借鑒和指導(dǎo)。Thearticlewillfirstintroducethebasicbiologicalcharacteristicsofmicroalgaeandtheirroleintheglobalcarboncycle,andexplainthebasicprinciplesandpotentialofmicroalgaecarbonreduction.Next,wewillfocusonsummarizingthelatestresearchachievementsinmicroalgaebiomassconversiontechnology,includingbiomassextraction,biomassenergyconversion,andbiomasschemicalconversion.Thearticlewillalsoanalyzethechallengesandproblemsfacedbycurrentmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologies,suchasnutrientconsumptionduringmicroalgaegrowth,improvementofbiomassconversionefficiency,andenvironmentalimpact.Thearticlewilllookforwardtothedevelopmenttrendsandfutureapplicationprospectsofmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologies,inordertoprovideusefulreferenceandguidanceforresearchandpracticeinrelatedfields.二、微藻的生長(zhǎng)特性與碳減排機(jī)制Thegrowthcharacteristicsandcarbonreductionmechanismofmicroalgae微藻是一類(lèi)在自然界中廣泛存在的單細(xì)胞或多細(xì)胞水生生物，具有獨(dú)特的生長(zhǎng)特性和生態(tài)適應(yīng)性。它們生長(zhǎng)迅速，能在多種環(huán)境條件下進(jìn)行光合作用，產(chǎn)生大量的生物質(zhì)。微藻的光合作用不僅能固定大氣中的二氧化碳，減少溫室氣體的排放，還具有高效的太陽(yáng)能利用效率，使其成為碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用的理想候選者。Microalgaeareatypeofsinglecelledormulticellularaquaticorganismswidelypresentinnature,withuniquegrowthcharacteristicsandecologicaladaptability.Theygrowrapidlyandcanundergophotosynthesisundervariousenvironmentalconditions,producingalargeamountofbiomass.Thephotosynthesisofmicroalgaenotonlyfixescarbondioxideintheatmosphereandreducesgreenhousegasemissions,butalsohasefficientsolarenergyutilization,makingitanidealcandidateforcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.在碳減排方面，微藻通過(guò)光合作用吸收二氧化碳并轉(zhuǎn)化為有機(jī)物質(zhì)，這一過(guò)程能夠有效地減少大氣中二氧化碳的濃度，從而降低溫室效應(yīng)。同時(shí)，微藻的生長(zhǎng)速度快，生物量大，使得它們?cè)诙虝r(shí)間內(nèi)能夠吸收大量的二氧化碳，進(jìn)一步提高碳減排效率。Intermsofcarbonreduction,microalgaeabsorbcarbondioxidethroughphotosynthesisandconvertitintoorganicmatter,whichcaneffectivelyreducetheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,therebyreducingthegreenhouseeffect.Atthesametime,microalgaegrowrapidlyandhavealargebiomass,allowingthemtoabsorbalargeamountofcarbondioxideinashortperiodoftime,furtherimprovingcarbonreductionefficiency.在生物質(zhì)利用方面，微藻的生物質(zhì)富含蛋白質(zhì)、脂質(zhì)等多種營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分，具有很高的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)呐囵B(yǎng)和加工技術(shù)，可以將微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為食品、飼料、生物燃料等多種產(chǎn)品，實(shí)現(xiàn)其資源化利用。微藻生物質(zhì)還可以用于生產(chǎn)生物肥料、生物塑料等環(huán)保材料，進(jìn)一步拓展其在生物質(zhì)利用領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。Intermsofbiomassutilization,microalgaebiomassisrichinvariousnutrientssuchasproteinandlipids,andhashigheconomicvalue.Throughappropriatecultivationandprocessingtechniques,microalgaebiomasscanbetransformedintovariousproductssuchasfood,feed,biofuels,etc.,achievingitsresourceutilization.Microalgaebiomasscanalsobeusedtoproduceenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialssuchasbiologicalfertilizersandbioplastics,furtherexpandingitsapplicationinthefieldofbiomassutilization.微藻的生長(zhǎng)特性和碳減排機(jī)制使其成為碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用的重要研究對(duì)象。未來(lái)隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，微藻在環(huán)保和可再生能源領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用前景將更加廣闊。Thegrowthcharacteristicsandcarbonreductionmechanismsofmicroalgaemakethemimportantresearchobjectsforcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinthefuture,theapplicationprospectsofmicroalgaeinthefieldsofenvironmentalprotectionandrenewableenergywillbeevenbroader.三、微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)Microalgaebiomassutilizationtechnology微藻作為一種高效的生物質(zhì)資源，其在生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)方面的應(yīng)用潛力日益受到關(guān)注。微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)主要包括微藻生物質(zhì)能源利用和微藻生物質(zhì)材料利用兩個(gè)方面。Microalgae,asanefficientbiomassresource,haveincreasinglyattractedattentionfortheirpotentialapplicationinbiomassutilizationtechnology.Theutilizationtechnologyofmicroalgaebiomassmainlyincludestwoaspects:microalgaebiomassenergyutilizationandmicroalgaebiomassmaterialutilization.在微藻生物質(zhì)能源利用方面，微藻的光合作用能夠高效地將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為生物質(zhì)，同時(shí)產(chǎn)生氧氣。這種高效的碳固定能力使得微藻成為生物能源領(lǐng)域的重要研究對(duì)象。通過(guò)微藻培養(yǎng)、油脂提取和生物柴油制備等步驟，可以將微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為生物柴油，實(shí)現(xiàn)能源的可持續(xù)利用。微藻生物質(zhì)還可以通過(guò)厭氧消化等方式產(chǎn)生生物氣體，如甲烷等，進(jìn)一步拓寬了微藻在能源領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。Intheutilizationofmicroalgaebiomassenergy,thephotosynthesisofmicroalgaecanefficientlyconvertcarbondioxideintobiomasswhileproducingoxygen.Thisefficientcarbonfixationabilitymakesmicroalgaeanimportantresearchobjectinthefieldofbioenergy.Throughstepssuchasmicroalgaecultivation,oilextraction,andbiodieselpreparation,microalgaebiomasscanbeconvertedintobiodiesel,achievingsustainableenergyutilization.Microalgaebiomasscanalsogeneratebiogenicgasessuchasmethanethroughanaerobicdigestion,furtherexpandingtheapplicationofmicroalgaeintheenergyfield.在微藻生物質(zhì)材料利用方面，微藻生物質(zhì)含有豐富的蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和脂質(zhì)等有機(jī)成分，可以作為生物材料的前體物質(zhì)。通過(guò)化學(xué)或生物方法，可以將微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為高分子材料，如生物塑料、生物纖維等。這些生物材料具有良好的可降解性和環(huán)保性，可替代傳統(tǒng)的石化材料，應(yīng)用于包裝、建筑、汽車(chē)等領(lǐng)域。Intermsoftheutilizationofmicroalgaebiomassmaterials,microalgaebiomasscontainsrichorganiccomponentssuchasproteins,carbohydrates,andlipids,whichcanbeusedasprecursorsforbiomaterials.Microalgaebiomasscanbeconvertedintopolymermaterialssuchasbioplasticsandbiofibersthroughchemicalorbiologicalmethods.Thesebiomaterialshavegoodbiodegradabilityandenvironmentalfriendliness,whichcanreplacetraditionalpetrochemicalmaterialsandbeappliedinfieldssuchaspackaging,construction,andautomobiles.然而，目前微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)仍存在一些挑戰(zhàn)和問(wèn)題。微藻生物質(zhì)的大規(guī)模培養(yǎng)需要消耗大量的水、能源和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，這可能會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成一定的壓力。微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)的效率和成本仍需進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。微藻生物質(zhì)的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和可持續(xù)性也需要進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。However,therearestillsomechallengesandproblemsintheutilizationtechnologyofmicroalgaebiomassatpresent.Thelarge-scalecultivationofmicroalgaebiomassrequiresalargeamountofwater,energy,andnutrients,whichmaycausecertainpressureontheenvironment.Theefficiencyandcostofmicroalgaebiomassconversiontechnologystillneedfurtheroptimization.Themarketcompetitivenessandsustainabilityofmicroalgaebiomassalsoneedtobefurtherstrengthened.為了推動(dòng)微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的發(fā)展，未來(lái)需要深入研究微藻的生長(zhǎng)代謝機(jī)制，優(yōu)化微藻培養(yǎng)技術(shù)，提高微藻生物質(zhì)的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。還需要加強(qiáng)微藻生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)的研究，提高轉(zhuǎn)化效率和降低成本。還需要加強(qiáng)政策支持和市場(chǎng)推廣，提高微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和可持續(xù)性。Inordertopromotethedevelopmentofmicroalgaebiomassutilizationtechnology,itisnecessarytoconductin-depthresearchonthegrowthandmetabolismmechanismofmicroalgae,optimizemicroalgaecultivationtechnology,andimprovetheyieldandqualityofmicroalgaebiomassinthefuture.Furtherresearchisneededonmicroalgaebiomassconversiontechnologytoimproveconversionefficiencyandreducecosts.Wealsoneedtostrengthenpolicysupportandmarketpromotiontoimprovethecompetitivenessandsustainabilityofmicroalgaebiomassutilizationtechnology.微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)在碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用方面具有重要意義。通過(guò)深入研究和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，可以進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)微藻生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。Theutilizationtechnologyofmicroalgaebiomassisofgreatsignificanceincarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.Throughin-depthresearchandtechnologicalinnovation,thedevelopmentofmicroalgaebiomassutilizationtechnologycanbefurtherpromoted,makingimportantcontributionstoachievingsustainabledevelopmentandaddressingclimatechange.四、微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展Researchprogressonmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnology近年來(lái)，隨著全球氣候變暖的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的迫切需求，微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)成為了科研領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。微藻作為一種高效的光合作用生物，其獨(dú)特的生長(zhǎng)特性使得它們?cè)谔紲p排和生物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)方面具有巨大的潛力。Inrecentyears,withtheseverechallengeofglobalclimatechangeandtheurgentneedforsustainabledevelopment,microalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologyhasbecomearesearchhotspotinthefieldofscientificresearch.Microalgae,asanefficientphotosyntheticorganism,haveenormouspotentialincarbonreductionandbiomassproductionduetotheiruniquegrowthcharacteristics.在碳減排方面，微藻能夠通過(guò)光合作用吸收大量的二氧化碳，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為生物質(zhì)。這一過(guò)程不僅有助于減少大氣中的二氧化碳濃度，還能將無(wú)機(jī)碳轉(zhuǎn)化為有機(jī)碳，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)碳的固定和減排。微藻生長(zhǎng)速度快，生物量大，使得它們成為了一種理想的碳減排生物。Intermsofcarbonreduction,microalgaecanabsorbalargeamountofcarbondioxidethroughphotosynthesisandconvertitintobiomass.Thisprocessnotonlyhelpstoreducetheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,butalsoconvertsinorganiccarbonintoorganiccarbon,therebyachievingcarbonfixationandemissionreduction.Microalgaegrowrapidlyandhavealargebiomass,makingthemanidealcarbonreducingorganism.在生物質(zhì)利用方面，微藻生物質(zhì)富含蛋白質(zhì)、油脂等多種有價(jià)值成分，具有很高的利用價(jià)值。目前，微藻生物質(zhì)已被廣泛應(yīng)用于食品、飼料、生物燃料等領(lǐng)域。例如，微藻中的油脂可以通過(guò)酯交換等工藝轉(zhuǎn)化為生物柴油，而蛋白質(zhì)則可以作為動(dòng)物飼料的優(yōu)質(zhì)蛋白來(lái)源。Intermsofbiomassutilization,microalgaebiomassisrichinvariousvaluablecomponentssuchasproteinandoil,andhashighutilizationvalue.Atpresent,microalgaebiomasshasbeenwidelyusedinfieldssuchasfood,feed,andbiofuels.Forexample,oilsinmicroalgaecanbeconvertedintobiodieselthroughprocessessuchasesterexchange,whileproteinscanserveasahigh-qualitysourceofproteinforanimalfeed.為了進(jìn)一步提高微藻碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用的效率，研究者們不斷探索新的培養(yǎng)技術(shù)、基因工程技術(shù)和代謝調(diào)控策略。例如，通過(guò)優(yōu)化培養(yǎng)條件、提高光照強(qiáng)度、調(diào)整營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽濃度等手段，可以提高微藻的生長(zhǎng)速度和生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量。利用基因工程技術(shù)對(duì)微藻進(jìn)行改造，可以提高其光合作用效率和生物質(zhì)成分比例，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)更高效的碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用。Inordertofurtherimprovetheefficiencyofmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilization,researchersareconstantlyexploringnewcultivationtechniques,geneticengineeringtechniques,andmetabolicregulationstrategies.Forexample,byoptimizingcultivationconditions,increasinglightintensity,andadjustingnutrientconcentration,thegrowthrateandbiomassyieldofmicroalgaecanbeimproved.Usinggeneticengineeringtechnologytomodifymicroalgaecanimprovetheirphotosyntheticefficiencyandbiomasscompositionratio,therebyachievingmoreefficientcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展迅速，但仍面臨一些挑戰(zhàn)和問(wèn)題。未來(lái)，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步和研究的深入，相信微藻將在碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮更大的作用，為實(shí)現(xiàn)全球碳中和和可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。Theresearchprogressonmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologyisrapid,butstillfacessomechallengesandproblems.Inthefuture,withthecontinuousprogressofscienceandtechnologyandthedeepeningofresearch,itisbelievedthatmicroalgaewillplayagreaterroleincarbonreductionandbiomassutilization,makingimportantcontributionstoachievingglobalcarbonneutralityandsustainabledevelopmentgoals.五、微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)與前景ChallengesandProspectsofMicroalgaeCarbonReductionandBiomassUtilizationTechnology微藻作為一種高效的碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用工具，盡管具有顯著的優(yōu)勢(shì)，但仍面臨著多方面的挑戰(zhàn)。微藻的規(guī)?；囵B(yǎng)是一個(gè)技術(shù)難題。大規(guī)模培養(yǎng)微藻需要高效的生物反應(yīng)器，以及穩(wěn)定的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境和營(yíng)養(yǎng)供應(yīng)，這些都增加了操作的復(fù)雜性和成本。微藻生物質(zhì)的后處理也是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，包括生物質(zhì)的收集、濃縮、干燥和儲(chǔ)存等步驟，都需要進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化。微藻生物質(zhì)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也需要進(jìn)一步拓寬，以滿(mǎn)足不同行業(yè)的需求。Microalgae,asanefficienttoolforcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization,despitehavingsignificantadvantages,stillfacevariouschallenges.Thelarge-scalecultivationofmicroalgaeisatechnicalchallenge.Largescalecultivationofmicroalgaerequiresefficientbioreactors,aswellasstablegrowthenvironmentsandnutrientsupply,whichincreasethecomplexityandcostofoperations.Thepost-treatmentofmicroalgaebiomassisalsoachallenge,includingstepssuchasbiomasscollection,concentration,drying,andstorage,allofwhichrequirefurtheroptimization.Theapplicationfieldsofmicroalgaebiomassalsoneedtobefurtherexpandedtomeettheneedsofdifferentindustries.然而，盡管面臨這些挑戰(zhàn)，微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的前景仍然廣闊。隨著全球氣候變化問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重，碳減排的需求日益迫切，微藻作為一種可再生的、低碳排放的生物質(zhì)來(lái)源，其重要性日益凸顯。同時(shí)，隨著科技的進(jìn)步和研究的深入，微藻的培養(yǎng)和后處理技術(shù)也將得到進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化，降低成本，提高效率。However,despitefacingthesechallenges,theprospectsformicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologiesarestillbroad.Withtheincreasingseverityofglobalclimatechangeandtheurgentneedforcarbonreduction,theimportanceofmicroalgaeasarenewableandlow-carbonbiomasssourceisbecomingincreasinglyprominent.Meanwhile,withtheadvancementoftechnologyandthedeepeningofresearch,thecultivationandpost-treatmenttechniquesofmicroalgaewillalsobefurtheroptimized,reducingcostsandimprovingefficiency.展望未來(lái)，微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)有望在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。在能源領(lǐng)域，微藻生物質(zhì)可用于生產(chǎn)生物燃料，如生物柴油和生物乙醇，替代傳統(tǒng)的化石燃料。在環(huán)保領(lǐng)域，微藻可用于處理廢水和廢氣，實(shí)現(xiàn)廢物的資源化利用。在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，微藻生物質(zhì)可作為有機(jī)肥料使用，提高土壤肥力，促進(jìn)農(nóng)作物的生長(zhǎng)。Lookingahead,microalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologiesareexpectedtobewidelyappliedinmultiplefields.Intheenergyfield,microalgaebiomasscanbeusedtoproducebiofuelssuchasbiodieselandbioethanol,replacingtraditionalfossilfuels.Inthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,microalgaecanbeusedtotreatwastewaterandexhaustgas,achievingtheresourceutilizationofwaste.Intheagriculturalfield,microalgaebiomasscanbeusedasorganicfertilizertoimprovesoilfertilityandpromotecropgrowth.微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)具有巨大的潛力和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。雖然目前仍面臨一些技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，但隨著研究的深入和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，這些問(wèn)題有望得到解決。未來(lái)，微藻有望在全球碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮重要作用，為實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)做出貢獻(xiàn)。Microalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologieshaveenormouspotentialandbroadapplicationprospects.Althoughtherearestillsometechnicalchallenges,withthedeepeningofresearchandtechnologicalprogress,theseproblemsareexpectedtobesolved.Inthefuture,microalgaeareexpectedtoplayanimportantroleinglobalcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization,contributingtotheachievementofsustainabledevelopmentgoals.六、結(jié)論Conclusion隨著全球氣候變化和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的日益嚴(yán)重，微藻作為一種可持續(xù)的生物質(zhì)資源，其在碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)中的潛力日益受到關(guān)注。本文綜述了近年來(lái)微藻碳減排與生物質(zhì)利用技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展，旨在為相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究人員提供全面的參考和啟示。Withtheincreasingseverityofglobalclimatechangeandenvironmentalissues,microalgae,asasustainablebiomassresource,havereceivedincreasingattentionfortheirpotentialincarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologies.Thisarticlereviewstheresearchprogressofmicroalgaecarbonreductionandbiomassutilizationtechnologiesinrecentyears,aimingtoprovidecomprehensivereferenceandinspirationforresearchersinrelatedfields.微藻作為一種高效的光合作用生物，具有生長(zhǎng)速度快、生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量高、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是理想的碳減排和生物質(zhì)利用對(duì)象。通過(guò)優(yōu)化培養(yǎng)條件，如光照、溫度、營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽濃度等，可以顯著提高微藻的生長(zhǎng)速度和生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量。同時(shí)，微藻還可以通過(guò)吸收大氣中的二氧化碳來(lái)降低溫室氣體的排放，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)碳減排的目標(biāo)。Microalgae,asanefficientphotosyntheticorganism,havetheadvantagesoffastgrowthrate,highbiomassyield,andstrongadaptability,makingthemidealtargetsforcarbonreductionandbiomassutilization.Byoptimizingcultivationconditionssuchaslight,temperature,nutrientconcentration,etc.,thegrowthrateandbiomassyieldofmicroalgaecanbesignificantlyimproved.Meanwhile,microalgaecanalsoreducegreenhousegasemissionsbyabsorbingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,therebyachievingthegoalofcarbonreduction.在生物質(zhì)利用方面，微藻生物質(zhì)富含蛋白質(zhì)、油脂、碳水化合物等多種營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分，可以作為優(yōu)質(zhì)的飼料、食品和生物燃料原料。通過(guò)提取微藻生物質(zhì)中的油脂，可以生產(chǎn)生物柴油和生物航空煤油等可再生能源，從而減少對(duì)化石燃料的依賴(lài)。微藻生物質(zhì)還可以用于生產(chǎn)生物肥料、生物塑料等高值化產(chǎn)品，實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的循環(huán)利用。Intermsofbiomassutilization,microalgaebiomassisrichinvariousnutrientssuchasprotein,oil,carbohydr