[課堂演練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫依據(jù)漢語注釋及首字母提示寫出下列單詞的正確形式。1.Don'tg______atmelikethat;youdeservedthescolding.2.Thisshoptriesitsbesttomeettheneedsofits________(顧客)．3.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,you'dbetter________(節(jié)食)strictly.4.Thepatient's________(虛弱)isduetopoornutrition.5.Isn'titpossibletogiveusevenalittlemore________(折扣)?答案：1.glare2.customers3.diet4.weakness5.discountⅡ.選詞填空loseweight;earnone'sliving;beforelong;gettiredof;indebt1.Thisyoungcouplearealways________becausetheyneverconsidertheirincomesbeforebuyingsomething.2.Hisplanseemedtobetoodifficult,but________itprovedtobepracticable.3.Everyonehastotry________whenhegrowsup.4.Studentswill________listeningtosomuchexplanationofgrammaticalrulesinclass.5.Whydon'tyougiveupsweets________？答案：1.indebt2.beforelong3.toearnhisliving4.gettiredof5.toloseweightⅢ.單句語法填空1．－Whydoyoueatallthevegetablesbutleave________meatuntouched?－I'mon________diet.答案：the;a解析：meat在此為特指當前就餐時的肉，故前面應加the;beonadiet“節(jié)食”，為固定搭配。2．Iamheavily____________(欠債)atthemoment,butIhopetobeoutofitwhenIgetpaid.答案：indebt解析：句意：我現(xiàn)在陷入嚴峻的債務危機中，但是我期望發(fā)了工資后會擺脫債務困擾。indebt“欠債”。3．Theschoolneedsto________(平衡)theinterestsofdifferentlevelsofstudentstocreateabetterlearningenvironment.答案：balance解析：句意：為了制造一個更好的學習環(huán)境，學校需要平衡同學不同水平的愛好。balance平衡。4．Theschoolhasverystrictrulesaboutcheatinginexams,sonoonecan__________________(逃脫懲處)it.答案：getawaywith解析：考查動詞短語。句意：學校對于考試作弊有格外嚴格的制度，因此沒有人能夠在作弊時逃脫懲處。getawaywith“逃脫懲罰；做了……而不受懲處”。5．Totakeexerciseindoorsisless________(benefit)thanintheopenair.答案：beneficial解析：句意：在室內(nèi)熬煉不如在室外好處大。beneficial“有益的，受益的”，符合句意。6．Ifyoudon'tpayyourelectricitybill,itwillbe________________(cut)．答案：cutoff解析：考查動詞短語。句意：假如你不交電費，(你的)用電就會被切斷。cutoff“切斷”。7．Thechildsaidthathehad________(放置)thepenonthedesk,butIthoughthe________(撒謊)tome.答案：laid;lied解析：考查lie與lay的用法區(qū)分。句意：那孩子說他把鋼筆放在書桌上了，但是我認為他對我撒了謊。lay意為“放置”，過去式為laid;lie作“說謊”講時，其過去式及過去分詞均為lied。8．Thereisalimit________people'slife,butnolimit________learningtheknowledge.答案：to;to解析：考查limit的用法。Thereisalimitto表示“……是有限的”，to在此為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞；依據(jù)句意“人的生命是有限的，但是學習學問是無限的”。9．Thefivefiremenwhothedirectorhad________(rescue)thepeopleinthefirewerehighlypraised.答案：rescue解析：考查havesb.dosth.結(jié)構(gòu)。thedirectorhad________thepeopleinthefire為定語從句。把定語從句還原成一個簡潔句后應為：Thedirectorhadthefivefiremenrescuethepeopleinthefire。在此處用動詞原形。10．Everybodysaiditwasaperfectmarriage;noonehadeverknown________________(happy)couple.答案：ahappier解析：句意：大家都說那是一樁美滿的婚姻，沒有人認為有(比他們)更幸福的一對了。依據(jù)句意，可知設空處應當用比較級，“定冠詞＋形容詞比較級”表“兩者當中較……的”；而“不定冠詞＋形容詞比較級”表示“一個更……的”，故在此用ahappier。[實戰(zhàn)力量·提升]Ⅳ.閱讀理解A[2021·課標全國卷Ⅰ]Somepeoplewilldojustaboutanythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.Takemyfamily'slastvacation.Itwasmysix-year-oldson'swinterbreakfromschool,andwewereheadinghomefromFortLauderdaleafteraweeklongtrip.Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.IhadmeetingsinNewYork,soIhadtogetback.Butthatdidn'tmeanmyhusbandandmysoncouldn'tstay.Itookmynine-month-oldandtookoffforhome.Thenextday,myhusbandandsonwereofferedmorecreditstotakeanevenlaterflight.Yes,Iencouraged－okay,ordered－themtowaititoutattheairportto“earn”moreDeltaDollars.Ourtotaltake:$1,600.Notbad,huh?NowsomepeoplemaythinkI'mabadmotherandnotsuchagreatwifeeither.Butasabig-timebargainhunter,Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays,agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.I'vemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposing(揭露)theworsttricks.IhavebeentheconsumerreporterofNBC'sTodayshowforoveradecade.IhavewrittenacoupleofbooksincludingonetitledTricksoftheTrade:AConsumerSurvivalGuide.AndIreallydowhatIbelievein.Itellyouthisbecausethereisnoshameingettingyourmoney'sworth.I'malsotightfistedwhenitcomestoshoes,clothesformychildren,andexpensiverestaurants.ButIwouldn'thesitatetospendonagoodhaircut.Itkeepsitsshapelonger,andit'sthefirstthingpeoplenotice.AndIwillalsospendonaclassicpieceoffurniture.Qualitylasts.1.WhydidDeltagivetheauthor'sfamilycredits?A.Theytookalaterflight.B.Theyhadearlybookings.C.Theirflighthadbeendelayed.D.Theirflighthadbeencancelled.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.Sherarelymissesagooddeal.B.Sheseldommakesacompromise.C.Sheisverystrictwithherchildren.D.Sheisinterestedincheapproducts.3.Whatdoestheauthordo?A.She'sateacher. B.She'sahousewife.C.She'samediaperson. D.She'sabusinesswoman.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Howtoexposebadtricks.B.Howtoreserveairlineseats.C.Howtospendmoneywisely.D.Howtomakeabusinessdeal.[文章大意]一些人千方百計地省錢，作者也不例外。上次作者家人一起度假返程時，由于預訂該趟航班機票的乘客過多，Delta航空公司給每位退票的乘客返還400美元。作者由于要去紐約開會就先帶著9個月大的孩子如期回家了，而丈夫和6歲的兒子則等待次日的航班，結(jié)果由于他們乘坐了更晚一些的航班而得到了多達1600美元的補償。1．A?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段的第五句“Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.”可知，由于預訂這趟航班的乘客過多，因此航空公司打算對于那些情愿退票，然后乘坐次日航班返回的人每人返還400美元。2．A?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段的前兩句及第三段其次句中的“Butasabig-timebargainhunter”可知，作者很少錯過很廉價的東西，故A項符合題意。3．C。考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第四段的其次句“IhavebeentheconsumerreporterofNBC'sTodayshowforoveradecade.”可知，作者是一位媒體人。4．C?？疾橹髦即笠?。依據(jù)最終一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者想要告知我們?nèi)绾温敾鄣鼗ㄥX，在哪些地方可以省錢，在哪些地方可以出手大方。B[2022·河南省豫北三校高三聯(lián)合考試]GoodNewsvs.BadNewsBadnewstravelsfast—whenyouwatchtheeveningnewsorreadthemorningpapers,itseemsthatthingsthatgetthemostcoveragearealltragedieslikewars,earthquakes,floods,firesandmurders.Thisistheclassicruleforthemassmedia.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon'tcarehowyou'refeeling，”JonahBerger,apsychologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania,US,toldTheNewYorkTimes.Butwithsocialmediagettingincreasinglypopular,informationisnowbeingspreadindifferentways,andresearchersarediscoveringnewrules—goodnewscanactuallyspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandothersadstories.BergerandhiscolleagueKatherineMilkmanlookedatthousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes'websiteandanalyzedthe“mostpopular”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelist.Those_storiesarousedfeelingsofaweandmadethereaderswanttosharethispositiveemotionwithothers.Besidessciencestories,readerswerealsofoundtobelikelytosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny.“Themorepositiveanarticlewas,themorelikelyitwastobeshared，”Bergerwroteinhisnewbook,Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.Forexample,“storiesaboutnewcomersfallinginlovewithNewYorkCity”hewrites,tendtobesharedmorethan“thedeathofapopularzookeeper”．Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisduetothefactthatthemassmediaprefersnewsthatgetsattention,whilewhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends“youcarealotmoreabouthowtheyreact”，Bergerexplained.Butdoesallthegoodnewsactuallymaketheaudiencefeelbetter?Notnecessarily.AccordingtoastudybyresearchersatHarvardUniversity,peopletendtosaymorepositivethingsaboutthemselveswhenthey'retalkingtoabiggeraudience,ratherthanjustoneperson,whichhelpsexplainalltheperfectvacationsthatkeepshowinguponmicroblogs.This,researchersfound,makespeoplethinkthatlifeisunfairandthatthey'relesshappythantheir“friends”．5.Wecanlearnfromthefirstfiveparagraphsthat______.A.whenyouwatchtheeveningnews,itseemsthatthingsarealltragediesB.theclassicruleforthemassmediaisthattheyfocusonyourattentionandyourfeelingsC.thenewruleforthemassmediaappearsbecausesocialmediagetincreasinglypopularD.oneofBerger'sfindingswasthatsciencearticleswerenotmuchmorepopular6.WhatkindofstoriesdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph5referto?A.Sciencestories. B.Tragedystories.C.Murderstories. D.Funnystories.7.WhichofthefollowingstorieswillnotbepopularonTheNewYorkTimes'website?A.AnexcitingtriptoEurope.B.Amurderinahospital.C.Anewinventionofcooker.D.Afunnyexperienceinspace.8.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Goodnewsalwaysmakestheaudiencefeelbetter.B.Badnewsalwaysmakestheaudiencefeelfrightened.C.Allgoodnewsdoesn'tmaketheaudiencefeelbetter.D.Allbadnewsdoesn'tmaketheaudiencefeelfrightened.[文章大意]本文是一篇談論文，就好消息和壞消息的傳播和影響開放論述。5．C?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。依據(jù)文章第三段中的“Butwithsocialmediagettingincreasinglypopular,informationisnowbeingspreadindifferentways,andresearchersarediscoveringnewrules”可知，選項C為答案，其余選項均與原文不符。6．A?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。依據(jù)Thosestories前面的“Oneofhisfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelist.”可知答案為A。7.B?？疾橥评硗茢唷Ｒ罁?jù)文章第五段和第六段可知，在紐約時報的網(wǎng)站上，最受關(guān)注的是sciencestories,excitingorfunnystories，故選B項。8．C?？疾槎温浯笠狻Ｗ罱K兩段的中心句為“Butdoesallthisgoodnewsactuallymaketheaudiencefeelbetter?Notnecessarily.”故選C項。Ⅴ.短文改錯EveryyearonthefourThursdayofNovemberisThanksgivingDay.It'safestivalforAmericansandCanadianswiththepurposeofshowingthankstoharvest,whileCanadianscelebrateitinthesecondMondayofOctober.IhaveapenfriendinAmerican.HewrotetomeabouthislastThanksgivingDay.Hetoldmeitwasatimeforfamilyreunion.Familieswouldcomebacktohometocelebratethefestivalaltogether.Mostofthetimeitwashismotherwhompreparedthedinner.Turkeyismustforthefestival.Itlookslikeahugechicken.Hismotheralsomadepumpkinpiesandotherdeliciousfoodforus.Afterthedinner,theytalkwitheachotherabouttheoldthingsorthefutureplan.HesaidsometimetheywouldinvitesomefriendstosharethehappinessofThanksgivingDay.In