定語從句.定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。TheboyThecuteboyThecuteboyinbluejeansismybrotherThecuteboywhoiswearingbluejeans先行詞★★：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。eg:Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.它與定語從句的位置關系為：先行詞(n/pron)+定語從句。關系詞★★：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞兩種。關系代詞和關系副詞在句中起引導定語從句的作用，同時又在定語從句中擔任主語，賓語，表語，定語和狀語等成分。關系詞常用的關系代詞：（從句不完整----缺主語、賓語、表語,定語））who,whom,whose,that,which，as.eg:Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingjustnow?常用的關系副詞(=介詞+關系代詞)：（從句完整----不缺主語、賓語或表語）when,where,why.eg:Thatisthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.與先行詞的搭配注：①在定語從句中關系詞一定不能出現(xiàn)what和how；②當關系代詞在從句中作賓語時可省略。先行詞在從句中所作成分限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句指人指物指人指物主語Who/thatWhich/thatWhoWhich賓語Whom/thatWhich/thatWho(m)Which定語Whose/ofwhomWhose/ofwhichWhoseOfwhich狀語Where/when/whyWhere/when①Icookedthenoodlesandthenoodlesweredelicious.=Icookedthenoodlesthat/whichweredelicious.②Theyplantedthetreesandthetreesdidn’tneedmuchwater.=Thetreesthat/which/--theyplanteddidn’tneedmuchwater.③Herearemyneighborsandmyneighbors’homewasdestroyedbytheearthquake.=Herearemyneighborswhosehomewasdestroyedbytheearthquake.分類：定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開.另外，從翻譯上也可以區(qū)別；例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）介詞+關系代詞引導的定從當介詞放在關系代詞前面時，關系代詞只能用which/whom/whose。Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.RecentlyIboughtanvase,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.Mr.Smith,inwhosedepartmentsheworked,cametoseeher.★★常考點：介詞的選擇：1).

取決于先行詞同介詞的常規(guī)搭配；08年湖北33.Thecity(我成長的)isveryhotanddampinsummer.(grow)inwhich/whereIgrewup解題關鍵：把先行詞帶入從句，看從句中缺什么。eg：I’llneverforgetthedayonwhich/whenhishousewasbrokeninto.Istillrememberthedaysduringwhich/whenIlivedinthecountry.Thisisthelibraryfromwhich/whereyouborrowedbooks?Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.(onwhich)2).

取決于從句中的謂語動詞/形容詞同介詞的搭配；（V+pre.）eg：Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?forwhichshepaid$10?fromwhichshelearnedalot?inwhichtherearefewnewwords?aboutwhichTomoftentalks.Hegavemesomenovels______Iamnotveryfamiliar.(withwhich)(湖北09年完成句子)80.Learningstrategies,to_________(老師們認為)importance,havenotyetdrawnenoughattentionofstudents.(attach)which（the）teachersattach/haveattached1）關系代詞和關系副詞的選用重點是分析定語從句的成分；若從句不完整（缺主語、賓語、表語,定語），用關系代詞；若從句完整（不缺主語、賓語或表語），用關系副詞。Thisistheplace______________heworks.(where/inwhich)Thisistheplace__________wevisitedlastyear.(which/that/--)Thisisthereason_____________hewent.(why/forwhich)Thereason__________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.(which/that/--)Hisfatherworksinafactory_____radiopartsaremade.(where)Hisfatherworksinafactory_________makesradioparts.(which/that)3)as的用法★★★(相當于“關系代詞”，可引導限制性定從&非限制性定從)①as引導的非限制性定語從句★as所指代的先行詞通常都是一個完整的句子★as位置靈活，可放句首，句中，句末★as多用于一些習慣用語中：asanybodycansee正如人人都能看到的那樣asiswellknown=asisknowntoall眾所周知aswehadexpected正如我們所預料的那樣asoftenhappens正如經常發(fā)生的那樣ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述asismentionedabove正如上面提到的asisstressed正如強調的那樣asisreported據報道2011年9月調研：73.____________________(正如我提到的)inmylastletter,wecanmakeourdreamscometruebyworkinghard.(mention)AsImentioned2010年高考：80.________(正如我們強調的那樣)manytimes,“servethepeople”isourfirstpolicy.(stress)Aswehavestressed/AshasbeenstressedCanyoulendmethenovelabout___________________________(你談論的)yesterdayafternoon?(talk)HemustbefromAfrica,___________________________(這個能被判斷出)fromthecolorofhisskin.(judge)Thegirl___________________________(正唱著一首英文歌)ontheplatformisTom’ssister.(who)___________________________(正如所宣布的),weshallhaveourfinalexaminationnextweek.(announce)Thehotel_____________________