2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ卷)12頁?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,注意事項:1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生2B鉛筆填涂;0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺, 聽力（1-20小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題每段對話僅讀一遍例HowmuchistheA. B. C.WhatwillJackprobablydothisGo B.Visita C.WatchaWhatdoesthewomanaskthemantoTakecareofherBPackthefoodforC.CheckthetrainWhenwillthemanseeThis B.This C.NextWhydoesthemanFortheterribleFortheForthewaiter’sWhatarethespeakerstalkingWritinga B.Holdinga C.Buyinga第二節(jié)（15小題;1.5分,22.5分WhydoesSaramakethephoneToaskfor B.Toarrangean C.TocancelanWhatdoesDavidwanttoGotoadinner B.TalktoSarain C.Workonthenew8.WhereisJimA.InaB.OnaC.Inhis9.Whatisthewoman’sA.GoingtothecityB.TakingashortcutC.MeetingJimintheWhatdidClaradoattheSheplantedShewenttoayardShevisitedherWhatdidMarkfindinsideoneofthebooksheAplane B.Afamily C.ApostWheredoesMark B. C.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMarkandBrotherand B.Husbandand C.FatherandWhatisprobablythe C.AnWhatdoesVictorfinddifficultasamemberofthebasketballAdaptinghimselftotheintenseDealingwiththepressurefromtheRegainingtheskillslearnedinhighWhatdoesVictorsayabouttheplayersontheTheyareofthesameTheyaresimilarinTheyarefromdifferentHowdoesVictorfeelabouthisteamIt’sabouttobreak B.It’sthebestin C.It’sgettingWhoisTomFounderofa B.Publisherofa C.EditorofaWhatdoweknowaboutthecontentofThe B.It’swide- WhydoesthespeakergivetheTodoa B.Todiscussan C.Tointroducea第二部 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分第一 (共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分A、B、C、DBikeRental&GuidedWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandlights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofWhyMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.HandBrake,ThreeFootBrake,No131day(24EachadditionalGuidedCityThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.WhatisanadvantageofItgiveschildrena B.ItoffersmanytypesofC.Itorganizesfreecycle D.Ithasover2,500rentalHowmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwoA. B. C. D.WheredoestheguidedcitytourTheGooyer, B.TheSkinnyC.Heineken D.DamWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachotherThenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,JohnaddedtheHewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage污水from1,600homesinSouthBurlingtonHealsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoHewasfondof B.HeenjoyedbeingC.Hehadaninquiring D.HelongedtobeaWhydidJohnputthesludgeintotheTofeedthe B.TobuildanC.Toprotectthe D.Totesttheeco-Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningToreviewJohn’sresearch B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sC.TocompareJohn’sdifferent D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sWhatisthebasisforJohn’sNaturecanrepair B.OrganismsneedwatertoC.LifeonEarthis D.MosttinycreaturesliveinThegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforTodoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I’lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You’llheartheseparticipants’storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng)adigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.WhatisthebookaimedTeachingcriticalthinking B.AdvocatingasimpledigitalC.Solvingphilosophical D.PromotingtheuseofadigitalWhatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3 C.Check- WhatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartTheoretical B.StatisticalCPractical D.HistoricalWhatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinpartUsethemas B.RecommendthemtoC.Evaluatetheir D.IdentifytheideasbehindOnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren’talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon’tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople’sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people’serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(轉(zhuǎn)折)onthisclassicphenomenon.keyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether”.Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareWhatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyThemethodsof B.TheunderlyinglogicoftheC.Thecausesofpeople’s D.ThedesignofGalton’sNavajas’studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif thecrowdswererelatively B.therewereoccasionalC.individualsdidnot D.estimateswerenotfullyWhatdidthefollow-upstudyfocusThesizeofthe B.ThedominantC.Thediscussion D.TheindividualWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’A. B. C. 第二 (共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分PersonalTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman. Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.” 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語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分第一 (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分A、B、C、DOnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshould41thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her42camebecauseshewascarryinga43acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She45tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith46.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen47toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget48attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas49andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme50tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore51aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig52.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t53her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe54,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe55ofhumankindnesswontheday.41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.wentB.stoodC.steppedD.bent48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.B.C.D.54.A.B.C.D.55.A.B.C.D.第二節(jié)(10小題;1.515分Xiaolongbao(soup thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasing56(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),58toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem (lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof (they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris (rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft (want)morenexttime.第三部 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分第一 (滿分15分DearI’mLiHuafromClassLi第二 (滿分25分閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou’rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere’shorseasmysubjectPaulReverewasasilversmith銀匠inBostonwhorodeahorsenightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse’smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse’schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeRevere’shorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.IcheckedoutahalfdozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,“Great.Now,writeitagain.”Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn’twin,Iwouldn’tcare.Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecametheIwenttomyteacher’sofficeaftertheaward2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ卷)12頁。考試結(jié)束后,注意事項1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)2B鉛筆填涂;0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙第一部分聽力（1-20小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行（5小題;1.5分,滿7.5分）5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀例HowmuchistheA. B. C.WhatwillJackprobablydothisGo B.Visita C.Watcha【原文】WJackareyougoingcampingwithyourfriendsthisweekend?M:Itdepends.Ifit’ssunny,we’llgo.W:Theweathermansaysit’sgoingtoM:Inthatcase,we’llgotothecinemaWhatdoesthewomanaskthemantoTakecareofherPackthefoodforCheckthetrain【原文】WExcuseme,couldyoumindmybagsforamoment?Iwanttobuysomefoodattheconveniencestore.M:Noproblem.Butbequick.Itwasannouncedthatmytrainwouldarrivein10WhenwillthemanseeThis B.This C.Next【原文】WMarkcameoutofhospitallastFridayHaveyougotachancetovisithim?M:IplantoseehimthisSaturday.W:Aren’tyougoingtotheconferenceM:No.IthasbeenrescheduledfornextWhydoesthemanFortheterribleFortheForthewaiter’s【原文】MSorryMiss.WemadeaterriblemistakeaddingupthebillHereisthetendollarswehavetoreturntoyou.W:Oh,Ididn’tnoticethat.It’sOK.Don’tblamethewaiter.He’sbeenreallyWhatarethespeakerstalkingWritinga B.Holdinga C.Buyinga【原文】WDoyouthinkweshouldgetSteveabookforthenewM:Booksaregood.ButStevewouldn’ttakejustanybook.Hehashadthisparticularoneon第二節(jié)（15小題;1.5分,22.5分WhydoesSaramakethephoneA.ToaskforB.ToarrangeanC.Tocancel7.WhatdoesDavidwanttoA.GotoadinnerB.TalktoSarainC.Workonthe【答案】6. 7.【原文】MHelloW:Hello,David.Ican’tcomefordinnertonight.Sorry.M:Oh,whathappened?W:We’vegotanewcaseandthingsgetprettycrazyhereintheoffice.M:Well,thenI’llcometoyou.W:No,no,nottonight.LetmeseeifIcanarrangeanothernight.M:Sara,please.Weneedtotalk.It’saboutmyjob.W:ThentellmeontheM:No,it’sbetterifwedoitinperson.Howabouttomorrownight?W:I’mnotsure.Youcangivemeacalltomorrowafternoon.M:WhereisJimIna B.Ona C.InhisWhatisthewoman’sGoingtothecityTakingashortcutMeetingJiminthe 9.【原文】WJimwillcallonusthisafternoonDoyouknowwhereheisM:Er...wait.Letmesee.Hehassenttwomessagessayingthathe’sdonewithhisworkattheofficeandgotataxiand...andhe’llarriveintwentyminutes.W:Wecan’tkeephimwaitingoutsideourhome.WehavetoM:Butittakesatleasthalfanhourtogettothecitycenterbybus.Lookatthetraffic.W:Let’sgetoff.Wecansaveatleasttwentyminutesbywalkingthroughthepark.M:AreyouWhatdidClaradoattheSheplantedShewenttoayardShevisitedherWhatdidMarkfindinsideoneofthebooksheA.AplaneB.AfamilyC.Apost12.WheredoesMarkA.LosB.C.13.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMarkandA.BrotherandB.HusbandandC.Father【答案】10. 12.13.【原文】WMorningM:Morning,Clara.HowwasyourW:Great.Iwenttomygrandpa’s.Heinvitedustopickvegetablesonhisfarm.Mydaughterhadagreattimethere.Whataboutyou?M:Oh,Ihadatrulyincredibleexperience.IdroppedbyayardsaleonSaturdayandgotseveralW:M:Anovelandtwopoetrycollections.AsIleafedthroughthenovel,apieceofpaperfellout.Itwasanairticketfrom2012.TheflightwasfromLosAngelestoChicagoandthenameontheticketwasAshleyLouis.M:Yes.Ashley,mysister.In2012,shelivedinLosAngelesandherhusbandworkedinChicago.Bothofthemoftenflewbetweentwocities.Iaskedthesellerwherehegotthebook.Hesaiditwasboughtatasecond-handbookstoreinLosAngelesthreeyearsago.Lastyear,heandhisfamilymovedfromLosAngelestoPhiladelphia.W:So,allthewayacrossthecountry,yoursister’soldbooklandedinyourhands.That’sreallyWhatisprobablythe C.AnWhatdoesVictorfinddifficultasamemberofthebasketballAdaptinghimselftotheintenseDealingwiththepressurefromtheRegainingtheskillslearnedinhighWhatdoesVictorsayabouttheplayersontheTheyareofthesameTheyaresimilarinTheyarefromdifferentHowdoesVictorfeelabouthisteamA.It’sabouttobreakB.It’sthebestinC.It’s【答案】14. 16.17.【原文】WVictoryou’vebeenhereinIndianaforsixweeksnowHowareyouM:IthinkI’vegotusedtocollegelife,goingtoclasses,workingoutandhangingoutwithmyfriends.Thoughthere’spressuretomeetdeadlines,lifehereisneverboring.W:What’sbeenhardaboutbeinganIndiananbasketballM:Well,thetrainingisverycompetitive,weightliftingandrunningeveryday.It’snotlikehighschool.Inhighschool,Ireallydidn’thavetodothat.I’mjusttryingtogetusedtoit.AndIthinkIW:Atthispoint,howdoyouseeyourselffittingintothisM:Ithinkwe’realldifferent.GeorgeisfromBritain.ChrisandLeoarefromAustralia.I’mfromFrance.AndtherestareAmericans.ButIgetalongwitheverybody.Youknow,wearereallystartingtobond.It’sgreattoseehowwegroweachdayasateam.W:Thanks,Victor.IwishyouaveryhappyandfruitfulstayinWhoisTomFounderofamagazine. B.Publisherofanovel. C.EditorofaWhatdoweknowaboutthecontentofTheIt’sold-fashioned. B.It’swide-ranging. WhydoesthespeakergivetheTodoapromotion. B.Todiscussanissue. C.Tointroducea 19. 【原文】WGoodeveningdearlisteners.Whenwasthelasttimeyouenjoyedactivities?Doyouwanttoliveafullandhappylife?Today,I’mgoingtointroducetoyouamagazinethatfeaturestheartofliving.TheIdlerwaslaunchedbyTomHodgkinson,backin1993.Withtheintentionofprovidingabitoffun,freedomandachievementinthebusyworld,itisnowpublishedbimonthly.Ineveryissue,youwillfindaninterestingmixofinterviewsandessaysonthegoodlife,history,philosophy,artsandfashionphotography.Youwillfindmuchtolaughatandmuchusefulstuffaswell,fromrecipesformakingbacontoguidestohousekeeping.Ifyoueverfeltthatthereismoretolifethanboringjobs,thenwhynotsubscribetoit?TheIdlerisacheeringreadthatmakesyoufeelbetteraboutlife.Youcandownloadtheapplicationandsubscribetodaytogetyourfirstissuefree.第二部 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分第一 (共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分A、B、C、DBikeRental&GuidedWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofWhyMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.HandBrake,ThreeFootBrake,No131day(24EachadditionalGuidedCityThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.WhatisanadvantageofItgiveschildrena B.ItoffersmanytypesofC.Itorganizesfreecycle D.Ithasover2,500rentalHowmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwoA. B. C. D.WheredoestheguidedcitytourTheGooyer, B.TheSkinnyC.Heineken D.Dam【答案】21B22C23【21推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevarietyincludingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.我們提供種類繁多的最新自行車，包括有腳剎的基本自行車、有手剎和帶排擋的自行車、帶兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車)”可推知，MacBike的優(yōu)勢是它提供許B。【22【23細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday1點開始)”可知，導(dǎo)D。WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria細(xì)菌Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge污泥First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspureOvertheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouselikefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheast“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoHewasfondof B.HeenjoyedbeingC.Hehadaninquiring D.HelongedtobeaWhydidJohnputthesludgeintotheTofeedthe B.TobuildanC.Toprotectthe D.Totesttheeco-Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sC.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sWhatisthebasisforJohn’sNaturecanrepair B.OrganismsneedwatertoC.LifeonEarthis D.Mosttinycreatureslivein【答案】24. 25. 26. 27.【24細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(當(dāng)約開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和C。【25細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.幾個星期后，約翰把污泥加了進(jìn)去)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewaterD?！?6推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(這些1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計了一種生態(tài)機(jī)器來清潔中國東南部城市福州的運河水)”可推B。【27推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappeningThenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair你把生物體放A。Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreas