2/2練習(xí)07-語法1：簡單句的五種基本句型【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】一、按照要求，寫出下列畫線句子的成分。1.The_theatre_ticketshavesoldout._________________2.Thiskindofclothwasheswell._________________3.Couldyougivemetheletter？_________________4.Iwill_studyhardtolearnEnglishwell._________________5.Heisavery_kindlady._________________6.Hiswishistobecomeascientist._________________7.Henoticedamanentertheroom._________________8.Wouldyoutellmeyouradvice?_________________9.Iopenedthewindowtoletsomefreshairin._________________10.Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillcomeornot._________________二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Whatisthesentencepatternofthesentence“Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.”?A．S+V+O+OC B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O2.Whichisthesentencepatternof“UncleLiboughtmeadictionary.”?A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DOC．S+V D．S+V+O+OC3.Whatisthesentencepatternof"Doyouloveme?"A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC4.Thesentencestructureof‘Wemadehermonitor.’is________.A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O+OC C．S+V+P D．S+V+O5.Whichistherightsentencestructureof"Isawtheboystandingontheothersideoftheroad."?A．S+V+DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC6.Thesentencestructureof"Ihadlittlesleeplastnight."is________A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC7.Whatkindofstructureisthesentence“Thegirlshowedherclassmatessomephotos.”?A．S+V+O B．S+V+PC．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC8.Drivingbringstheyoungmanhappiness.ThesentencestructureisA．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC9.Thesentencepatternof"IenjoylivinginGansu."is________.A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC10.Thestructureofthesentence“Mr.Greenfindstheartworkveryvaluable.”is________.A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO三、漢譯英根據(jù)中文和句型要求，用英語翻譯下列句子。這個(gè)想法起效了。（S+V）___________________________________________________________________________你應(yīng)該享受英語。（S+V+O）___________________________________________________________________________他們幫助人們過上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C）___________________________________________________________________________校長給整個(gè)學(xué)校做了一個(gè)演講。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO）_________________________________________________________________________現(xiàn)在計(jì)算機(jī)變得越來越小，越來越好。（S+V+P）__________________________________________________________________________那個(gè)可憐人已經(jīng)死了。（S+V）___________________________________________________________________________她給我們唱了一首英文歌曲。(主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓)___________________________________________________________________________你們的貢獻(xiàn)將會(huì)使得這次活動(dòng)獲得巨大成功。(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ))___________________________________________________________________________四、單句語法填空1.Yousang______________(beautiful)lastnight,whichamazedallofus(we).2.WhatIreallywantis______________(improve)myabilitytocommunicatewithothers.3.Hefound______________importanttomasterEnglish.4.Heaskedme______________(come)backsoon.5.Computersare______________(use)inpeople’slife.6.Hesucceededin______________(finish)theworkintime.7.Ioftenhearher______________(sing)inthenextroom.【指導(dǎo)迷津】簡單句的五種基本句型一、句子成分根據(jù)英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用，英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語及獨(dú)立成分等。1．主語：表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)。Theuncleisverykindtous.叔叔對(duì)我們很好。2．謂語：說明或描述主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征，由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)。Iwillwaitforyouattheschoolgate.我要在校門口等你。3．表語：表示主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，一般由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當(dāng)。Helooksveryhappy.他看上去很開心。4．賓語：指動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)，位于動(dòng)詞之后。Hewrotemanystories他寫了許多故事。5．賓語補(bǔ)足語：用來對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和說明，一般由名詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞等充當(dāng)。I'veneverseenherdancing.我從未看見過她跳舞。6．定語：對(duì)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾、限制或說明，一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng)詞及句子等充當(dāng)。It'saninterestingthing.那是一個(gè)有趣的事。7．狀語：用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或整個(gè)句子等，一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng)詞短語或句子充當(dāng)。WelikeEnglishverymuch.我們非常喜歡英語。二、五種基本句式英語中最基本的句式只有五種，其他各種句式都是由基本句式演變而來。五種基本句式如下：①主語＋謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)；②主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語；③主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語；④主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語；⑤主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語；1.主語(subject)＋謂語(verb)句型特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，本身能表達(dá)完整的意思，后面不需接賓語，但有時(shí)可接副詞、介詞短語等作狀語。Weshouldexerciseregularly.我們應(yīng)該定期鍛煉。2.主語(subject)＋謂語(verb)＋賓語(object)句型特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，不能表達(dá)完整的意思，其后必須要接一個(gè)賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者。Attheageoftwelve,Igotanicebikeasabirthdaygift.十二歲時(shí)，我得到了一輛漂亮的自行車作為生日禮物。3.主語(subject)＋謂語(verb)＋間接賓語(indirectobject)＋直接賓語(directobject)句型特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞后接有兩個(gè)賓語，這兩個(gè)賓語都是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，其中指人的是間接賓語，指物的是直接賓語。當(dāng)間接賓語放在直接賓語之后時(shí)，其前通常需要加介詞for或to。MrGreenwillgiveusaspeechonhowtolearnEnglishwell.格林先生將就如何學(xué)好英語給我們作一場(chǎng)報(bào)告。4.主語(subject)＋謂語(verb)＋賓語(object)＋賓補(bǔ)(complement)句型特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞后雖然已接有一個(gè)賓語，但意思還不完整，必須再加上另外一個(gè)成分(賓語補(bǔ)足語)對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)