/閱讀理解（說明文）（期末猜押3篇+期末真題15篇）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一．期末猜押 1（1）中華文化 1（2）科普知識 3（3）著名人物、航天與航空 4二．期末真題 51.（23-24七年級下·江蘇揚州·期末）文章主要介紹觀鳥對于我們的好處。 52.（23-24七年級下·江蘇泰州·期末）介紹了關(guān)于未來旅行的一些很酷的想法。 73.（23-24七年級下·江蘇泰州·期末）介紹了一項流行的現(xiàn)代街頭藝術(shù)——瀝青藝術(shù)倡議的發(fā)展及意義。 84.（23-24七年級下·江蘇淮安·期末）講述了中國人不僅會做美味的蔬菜，也喜歡種植蔬菜，并分析了中國人熱衷于種蔬菜的原因。 115.（22-23七年級下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）介紹了一種新材料制作的外套，這種外套有很多用途。 136.（22-23八年級上·山東濟南·期末）介紹了現(xiàn)在許多醫(yī)生認為開懷大笑可能是保持健康的最好方法之一，因此許多人加入笑聲瑜伽俱樂部。加州一項為期5年的研究表明，笑可以緩解我們體內(nèi)的壓力，改善我們的健康，所以我們?yōu)榱烁腋５纳疃Π伞?147.（23-24七年級下·江蘇蘇州·期末）講述了一項新的研究成果，即植物在受到壓力時會發(fā)出聲音。 188.（23-24七年級下·江蘇蘇州·期末）本文主要介紹了油紙傘的歷史和現(xiàn)在的情況。 209.（23-24七年級下·江蘇南通·期末）介紹了紅樹林的生長習性和它們的功能。 2110.（22-23七年級下·江蘇南京·期末）主要講述了我國是最早用木頭制造紙和使用紙的國家，但是現(xiàn)在，浪費紙張成了一個大問題，呼吁大家都要節(jié)約用紙。 2311.（22-23七年級下·江蘇南京·期末）介紹了養(yǎng)金魚的方法和注意事項。 2412.（22-23七年級下·江蘇南京·期末）介紹了威斯康星州的芥末博物館。 2513.（22-23七年級下·江蘇無錫·期末）介紹教寵物狗懂得“No”。 2714.（22-23七年級下·江蘇南通·期末）介紹了中國社交媒體上“四世同堂”系列視頻風靡世界社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的現(xiàn)象。作者通過此現(xiàn)象告訴讀者，雖然東西方的家庭結(jié)構(gòu)可能不同，但家庭成員之間的愛是共同的。 2815.（22-23七年級下·江蘇南通·期末）介紹了一個只為洋蔥而設(shè)的節(jié)日Zibelemarit。 30一．期末猜押（1）中華文化Shanxihasahistoryofover3,000yearsinmakingvinegar(醋).It’sfamousforitsShanxiLaochencu,ormaturevinegar.TheskillsofmakingShanximaturevinegarappearedinthelistofnationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2008.In1956,peopletherestartedavinegarbrand(品牌)called“Donghu”.TopassonthecultureofShanximaturevinegarwidely,theysetupDonghuVinegarPark.Inthepast,theparkwasafamousvinegarworkshopcalledMeihejuanditshistorycoulddatebackto1368.Later,itturnedintoDonghuVinegarPark.WecanseeDonghuVinegarParkasamuseum.Therevisitorslearnaboutdifferentkindsofvinegar,itshistoryandsomematerialstomakevinegar.VisitorsarealsoabletovisitdifferentworkshopstolearnhowtomakeShanximaturevinegar.What’smore,theycangetsomecreativevinegarproducts.Theycanbuyice-creamwithvinegarandhaveatasteofdrinksmadeofvinegar.Theycanevenbuymooncakesthathavevinegarinthem.“Vinegarhelpstomakethemnotsogreasy(油膩的).Somepeoplewonderifsuchmooncakesaretoosourtoeat.Theanswerisno.Thereisnearlynosourtaste,”oneoftheworkersintheparksaid.Inthefirsthalfof2023,thevinegarparkreceivedover100,000visitors.ItprovidesvisitorswithawindowtoShanximaturevinegar.Throughit,theycanunderstandtheculturebehinditeasily.So,doyouwanttohaveatasteofitnow?1．Inwhichyearmaypeoplebuy“Donghu”brandvinegar?A．In1825. B．In1908. C．In1936. D．In1960.2．What’sthemainideaofparagraphs2?A．ThehistoryofShanximaturevinegar. B．ThehistoryofDonghuVinegarPark.C．ThecultureofShanximaturevinegar. D．HowtomakeShanximaturevinegar.3．WhatfoodswithvinegarcanwetasteatDonghuVinegarPark?A．Ice-creamandmooncakes. B．Mooncakesandbread.C．Drinksandbread. D．Noodlesandice-cream.4．Which“window”inthefollowingsentenceshasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“window”?A．Youcanbuystampsatthatwindow.B．Thatroomhasonlyonewindow.C．Thisoffersusawindowtounderstandteaculture.D．Thewindowofthisroomfacessouth.5．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．TheworkshopMeihejucouldstartaround1956.B．DonghuVinegarParkturnedintoMeiheju.C．ThemooncakeswithvinegaratDonghuVinegarParkaretoosourtoeat.D．Thevinegarparkreceivedover100,000visitorsfromJanuarytoJunein2023.【答案】1．D2．B3．A4．C5．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了為廣泛傳播山西陳醋文化，設(shè)立了東湖醋園，并介紹了東湖醋園的相關(guān)信息。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1956,peopletherestartedavinegarbrand(品牌)called‘Donghu’.”可知，1956年，那里的人創(chuàng)立了一個名為“東湖”的醋品牌，結(jié)合選項可知，人們在1960年可以買到它。故選D。2．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“In1956,peopletherestartedavinegarbrand(品牌)called‘Donghu’.”及細讀第二段可知，第二段主要介紹了東湖醋園的歷史。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theycanbuyice-creamwithvinegarandhaveatasteofdrinksmadeofvinegar.Theycanevenbuymooncakesthathavevinegarinthem.”可知，在東湖醋園，我們可以品嘗到冰淇淋和月餅。故選A。4．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“ItprovidesvisitorswithawindowtoShanximaturevinegar.”可知，window在此處意為“窗口”，與選項C“這為我們了解茶文化提供了一個窗口”意思一樣。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthefirsthalfof2023,thevinegarparkreceivedover100,000visitors.”可知，在2023年上半年，醋園接待了超過10萬名游客。故選D。（2）科普知識①Happyasapiginmud.It’safunnysaying,isn’tit?Formuchofthepastcentury,scientiststhoughtnon-humananimalsdidn’thaveemotions.Butrecently,we'velearnedthatthey'remoreintelligentthanwethoughtandtheydohaveemotions.②FransdeWaal,aprimatologistatEmoryUniversity,believesthatmanyanimalsfeelfear,pride,hope,joy,andhappiness.However,theydon'texperiencetheseemotionsthesamewayaswedo.“Wecanobserveanimalsandguesshowtheyfeelorlookattheirhormones(激素)andseeifthey’restressed,butwecan’treallyknowhowtheyfeelinside—we'rejustmakingourbestguesses.”saysFayClarkattheUniversityofBristol.So,howcanwetellwhatthey’refeelinginsidemorescientifically?③Tobetterunderstandanimals,scientistsstartedlookingatanimals’faces.Researchershavefoundthathorses,cows,andrabbitsmakecertainfacialexpressionswhentheyareinpain.SaraHintzeoftheUniversityofNaturalResourcessaysthatpositiveemotionsarehardertoread,butresearchersarebeginningtoexplorethesignsofpositiveemotionsandthere’sstillalottolearn.④Researchershavehadmoresuccesswithvocalizations.Inastudyfrom2022,onescientist,ElodieBriefer,andherteammadeacomputerprogramtotellwhetherpigs’noisesarenegativeorpositive.Theyusedmorethan7000recordingsfromdifferentsituations.Insituationsthoughttobepositive,suchaswhenpigswererunningfree,eating,orexpectingareward,theyusuallymadesoundslikegruntsandbarks.Innegativesituations,suchaswhentheywerefightingorbeinghandledbyhumans,theirgruntsandbarkswerelongeranddeeper,ortheymadeloudsquealsandscreams.⑤Thesenewfindingshelpstartcampaigns(運動)tomovefromjuststoppinganimalssuffering(受罪),todoingeverythingwecantomakesuretheylivehappylives.Thisisespeciallytrueforanimalslivingonfarmsorinzoos.Briefersaysthatpeoplewillsoonrealizethatunderstandinganimals’feelingsisanimportantpartofcaringforthem,maybeevenasimportantastheirhealth.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Animalshavethesameemotionsashumansdo.B．Animalsmakefacialexpressionstoshowhappiness.C．We’vedonewellincaringforanimals’mentalhealth.D．We’restillonthewaytoreadanimals’positiveemotions.2．Theunderlinedword“vocalizations”inParagraph4probablymeans“______”.A．a(chǎn)ctions B．sounds C．emotions D．looks3．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MakeFullUseofAnimals’Intelligence B．KeepanEyeonTakingCareofAnimalsC．TakeaCloseLookatAnimals’Emotions D．FindaWaytoRecordAnimals’Emotions4．Whatisthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthisarticle?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了為了更好地了解動物，科學(xué)家們開始觀察動物的臉，近距離觀察動物的情緒。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SaraHintzeoftheUniversityofNaturalResourcessaysthatpositiveemotionsarehardertoread,butresearchersarebeginningtoexplorethesignsofpositiveemotionsandthere’sstillalottolearn.”可知，我們?nèi)匀辉诮庾x動物積極情緒的道路上。故選D。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Theyusedmorethan7000recordingsfromdifferentsituations”和“theyusuallymadesoundslikegruntsandbarks”可知，此處是在介紹豬的聲音，所以vocalizations和sounds意思相近，故選B。3．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Wecanobserveanimalsandguesshowtheyfeelorlookattheirhormones(激素)andseeifthey’restressed,butwecan’treallyknowhowtheyfeelinside—we’rejustmakingourbestguesses.”和“Tobetterunderstandanimals,scientistsstartedlookingatanimals’faces.”可知，本文主要介紹了為了更好地了解動物，科學(xué)家們開始觀察動物的臉，近距離觀察動物的情緒，所以C選項最符合，故選C。4．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段由一句話引出文章主旨：動物比我們想象的更聰明，它們確實有情緒；第二段介紹了兩位科學(xué)家對動物的看法；第三段和第四段具體介紹了研究人員的研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)；第五段是在總結(jié)文章。所以結(jié)構(gòu)如D選項所示，故選D。（3）著名人物、航天與航空ShenzhouXVIspaceship(宇宙飛船)reachedspaceonMay30.Therearethreepeopleinthespaceship:JingHaipeng,57,ZhuYangzhu,37,andGuiHaichao,37.Theyarespecialinmanyways.Jingisoneofthemostfamousastronauts(宇航員)inChina.Thisishisfourthtimetoflyintospace.Guiisascientist.HeisalsoateacherfromBeihanguniversity.BothZhuandGuiareChina’sthird-generationastronauts.Theyarefromagroupofresearchersandengineers.Onewomanand17menarechosen.Andthentheyareinthreegroups.Onegroupisspacecraftpilots.They“fly”thespaceship.Anothergroupisspaceflightengineers.They“fix”thespaceship.Thereisalsoagroupofsciencepayloadspecialists(載荷專家),suchasGui.Theydoscientificstudiesinspace.Everythinginthespaceshipisapayload,suchas:machines,peopleandanimals.Sciencepayloadspecialistsarescientistsinthespaceship.PeoplearealsointerestedinGui’sglassesbecauseastronautsaren’tusuallynearsighted(近視的).Butchoosingspecialistsisdifferentfromchoosingotherastronauts.It’ssafetowearglassesinthespacestation.However,duringthesendingandreturning,Guineedstotakeofftheglasses,ortheremightbesomedangerousproblems.1．Whatdoweknowaboutthethird-generationastronauts?A．Theyareallmen. B．Thereare18peopleinthegroup.C．JingHaipengisoneofthem. D．Theyareallspaceflightspecialists.2．WhatisGuiHaichao’sjobthistime?A．Hefliesthespaceship. B．Hefixesthespaceship.C．Hedoesscientificstudies. D．Heteachesstudentsaboutspace.3．Whataresciencepayloadspecialists?A．Theyarescientistsinthespaceship. B．Theyareeverythinginthespaceship.C．Theyaremachines,peopleandanimals. D．Theyareastronautsinthespaceship.4．Whatquestiondoesthelastparagraphanswer?A．Whatisitliketobeinaspaceship? B．Whycan’tnearsightedpeoplegointospace?C．HowdidGuiHaichaobecomeanastronaut? D．Cannearsightedpeoplebeastronauts?【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．D【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹神舟十六號發(fā)射到太空，并簡單介紹了升空的宇航員。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BothZhuandGuiareChina’sthird-generationastronauts.Theyarefromagroupofresearchersandengineers.Onewomanand17menarechosen.”可知，這個小組有18個人。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thereisalsoagroupofsciencepayloadspecialists(載荷專家),suchasGui.Theydoscientificstudiesinspace.”可知，桂海潮負責在太空做科學(xué)研究。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sciencepayloadspecialistsarescientistsinthespaceship.”可知，科學(xué)載荷專家是宇宙飛船上的科學(xué)家。故選A。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“PeoplearealsointerestedinGui’sglassesbecauseastronautsaren’tusuallynearsighted(近視的).Butchoosingspecialistsisdifferentfromchoosingotherastronauts.It’ssafetowearglassesinthespacestation.However,duringthesendingandreturning,Guineedstotakeofftheglasses,ortheremightbesomedangerousproblems.”可知，人們對桂的眼鏡感興趣的另一個原因是宇航員通常不會近視。但是選擇專家不同于選擇其他宇航員。在空間站戴眼鏡是安全的。但是，在發(fā)送和返回的過程中，桂需要摘下眼鏡，否則可能會出現(xiàn)一些危險的問題。由此可知，本段回答了“近視的人能當宇航員嗎”這一問題，故選D。二．期末真題1.（23-24七年級下·江蘇揚州·期末）Asweallknow,activitieslikelisteningtothebirdsortakingawalkintheparkisgoodforourhealth.Butsomeonethinksbirdwatchingisoftenboring.Infact,astudypublishedin2024showsthatevenhalfanhourofbirdwatchingcouldmakeushappier,healthierandhelpusgetclosetonature.Evenhearingbirdsindoorsthroughanopenwindowcanchangeourbadfeelings.Thestudyalsoshowsthatitisbettertowatchbirdsthantotakeawalk.Sowhyisbirdwatchingsogoodforus?Biophilia(親生物性)couldbeabigpartofit.Itmeansthathumanshaveagoodrelationshipwithnature—somewouldthinkthatweshouldseeourselvesaspartofnature—sobeinginnaturemakesusfeelwell.Butbiodiversity(生物多樣性)isimportanttoo.Thestudyshowsthatbiodiversityisanaturalmedicineforhumansthatcanhelpusrelaxanddomoreactivities.Anotherreasonisthatafterbeingcarefultodobirdwatching,wecangethappinessandknowalotaboutbirds.Thestudyalsoshowsthatnoticingwildlifeinnaturecanmakeusgetclosertonatureandlearnmoreaboutit.Sobirdwatchingcanmakeusfeelhappy.So,takeyourbinocularsandwalkintonatureforbirdwatchingtohelpyourelaxandbehappy.Enjoyeverymomentandhavefun.1．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Itisbettertotakeawalkthantowatchbirdsinnature.B．Evenkeepingthedooropencanmakeushappyagain.C．Birdwatchingcanbehelpfultousandmakeushappier.D．Takingawalkforonehourcanhelpuswatchbirds.2．Theunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3refersto________.A．whyBiophiliaishelpfultous B．whybiodiversityissoimportantC．whywearepartofournature D．whybirdwatchingisgoodforus3．Whatisthecorrectstructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthearticle?A．①→②→③④→⑤ B．①→②③④→⑤C．①②→③→④⑤ D．①②③→④→⑤4．Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A．Takeawalkandbehappy! B．Gobirdwatchingandhavefun!C．Watchbirdsandprotectnature. D．Walkintonatureandfindbirds!【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹觀鳥對于我們的好處。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Infact,astudypublishedin2024showsthatevenhalfanhourofbirdwatchingcouldmakeushappier,healthierandhelpusgetclosetonature.”可知，觀鳥對我們有幫助，讓我們更快樂。故選C。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sowhyisbirdwatchingsogoodforus?Biophilia(親生物性)couldbeabigpartofit.”可知，為什么觀鳥對我們?nèi)绱擞幸婺?？親生物性可能是其中的重要組成部分，所以劃線部分指代的是“whyisbirdwatchingsogoodforus”。故選D。3．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段介紹有人認為觀鳥往往很無聊；第二段介紹研究表明觀鳥對我們有幫助，讓我們更快樂；第三段和第四段介紹觀鳥對于我們有益處的原因；最后一段總結(jié)全文并呼吁我們?nèi)ビ^鳥。故選A。4．最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹觀鳥對于我們的好處，并呼吁人們?nèi)ビ^鳥。故選B。2.（23-24七年級下·江蘇泰州·期末）Intheyear2070,mostofyouwillbemorethan60yearsold.Thegoodnewsisthattravelmaybecomesmarterbythattime.EuropeanairlineeasyJetmadesomeguessesandreleased(發(fā)布)easyJet2070:TheFutureTravelReport.Let’stakealookatsomeexcitingideas.Heartbeatpassport(心跳護照)Paperpassportswillbeathingofthepast.Youwilluse“heartbeatpassports”instead.Somescientistssayeveryone’sheartbeatisdifferent.Sothedata(數(shù)據(jù))willbeusedtotellwhoyouare.MorecomfortableflightTheseatsontheplanewillnolongerbe“onesizefitsall”.You’llbeabletobookaseataccordingtoyourbodytype.Theseatmayevenbeabletocoolorwarmyoutoyourfavouritetemperature.Therewillalsobenomorescreensonthebackofyourseats.Afuturisticdevice(未來設(shè)備)couldshowfilmsstraightinfrontofyoureyes.PrintedclothesandfoodIfyouhatepacking(打包)clothes,youmaynotneedtodoitinthefuture.Beforeyoufly,youwillhaveabodyscan.Whenyouarrive,you’llfindawardrobefullof3D-printedclothesinyoursize.Whenyouleave,peoplewillusetheclothesagaintoprint(打印)forthenextperson.Youcanalso3Dprintwhatyouwanttoeat.BringhistorybacktolifeIfyouliketovisithistoricsites(歷史古跡),AR(增強現(xiàn)實技術(shù))willchangethegame.Wearingaheadset,youcanseewhathappenedatahistoricsite.YoumayevenbeabletositamongthecheeringpeopleatthefirstOlympicGames.1．Howcanwestaymorecomfortableonplanesinthefuture?A．Wecanbringourownseatsontotheplane.B．Wecanreadbooksinaquieterenvironment.C．Wecanhavebiggerscreenstowatchfilms.D．Wecanchangethetemperatureofourseats.2．Accordingtothepassage,3D-printingcanbeusedto________.A．printourplanetickets B．scanourbodiesquicklyC．printclothesinoursizes D．showusthemenuofarestaurant3．IfyouwearanARheadset,youcan________.A．visitahistoricalsite B．changeahistoricalsiteC．seeeachotheringames D．takepartinabattle4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．CoolIdeasforFutureTravel. B．DifferentDreamsin2070.C．NewWaysofTravelling. D．HistoricSitesandFutureLife.5．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthepassage?A．Travel. B．Language. C．Fashion. D．Nature.【答案】5．D6．C7．A8．A9．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了關(guān)于未來旅行的一些很酷的想法。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theseatmayevenbeabletocoolorwarmyoutoyourfavouritetemperature.”可知，我們可以改變座位的溫度使得我們在飛機上更舒服。故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenyouarrive,you’llfindawardrobefullof3D-printedclothesinyoursize.”可知，3D打印可以按照我們的尺碼打印衣服。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyouliketovisithistoricsites(歷史古跡),AR(增強現(xiàn)實技術(shù))willchangethegame.Wearingaheadset,youcanseewhathappenedatahistoricsite.”可知，帶上AR耳機，你就可以參觀歷史遺跡。故選A。4．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“EuropeanairlineeasyJetmadesomeguessesandreleased(發(fā)布)easyJet2070:TheFutureTravelReport.Let’stakealookatsomeexcitingideas.”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要介紹了與未來旅行有關(guān)的一些激動人心的想法，選項A“未來旅行的好想法”可以作為本文最佳標題。故選A。5．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了與未來旅行有關(guān)的一些很酷的想法，所以有可能在報紙的“旅行”板塊看到這篇文章。故選A。3.（23-24七年級下·江蘇泰州·期末）Atthecrossings,nowstreetartismakingcitiesbeautifulandsafe.TheAsphaltArtInitiative(瀝青藝術(shù)倡議)helpstoturnboringcrossingsintobrightspaces.Italsosetsupclubstoaskartistsandvolunteers(志愿者)topaintonthestreetstogether.Webelievethatstreetartcanmakethedangerouscrossingsnotdangerousatall.Itreallydid!Thepaintingsarereallycolorful.Itisdifficultfordriverstomissthem.Theycanseethepaintingsfarawayfromthecrossing,andthenslowdownwhentheycomenearit.AstudyshowsthatatthecrossingswithstreetartintheUS,therearefeweraccidents.Thiskindofartbecomesmoreandmorepopular.Till2022,therewere42AsphaltArtInitiativeprojectsinAmerica,and3pilot(試點的)projectsinEurope(歐洲).Infact,19otherEuropeancitiesarealsoplanningtomakesomechangesinthenearfuture.TheAsphaltArtInitiativewantstodothisaroundtheworld.Maybeinthenearfuture,whenyoucrosstheroad,youcanfindthisbeautifulartinyourcity!1．WhydoestheAsphaltArtInitiativestartclubs?A．Toshareartists’greatpaintings.B．Tohelpthedriversandwalkerstobeclosetoeachother.C．Tomakesomemoneyformoreprojects.D．Toaskartistsandvolunteerstopaintonthestreets.2．Whichparagraphtellstheinfluence(影響)ofthestreetart?A．Paragraph1. B．Paragraph2. C．Paragraph3. D．Paragraph4.3．HowmanyAsphaltArtInitiativeprojectswerethereintheUStill2022?A．3. B．19. C．22. D．42.4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethewriter’sidea?A．Theartistsshouldpaintallstreets.B．Everyoneshouldtakepartintheproject.C．WemayfindthestreetartinmorecitiesD．Thestreetartmaybemorepopularwithchildren.5．Whomightbemostinterestedinthepassage?A．Alice,abooklover. B．Tony,apaintingartist.C．John,aforeignvisitor. D．Jenny,ageographyteacher.【答案】1．D2．B3．D4．C5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一項流行的現(xiàn)代街頭藝術(shù)——瀝青藝術(shù)倡議的發(fā)展及意義。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Italsosetsupclubstoaskartistsandvolunteerstopaintonthestreetstogether.”可知，瀝青藝術(shù)還設(shè)立了邀請藝術(shù)家和志愿者一起在街上畫畫的俱樂部。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段介紹及“AstudyshowsthatatthecrossingswithstreetartintheUS,therearefeweraccidents.在美國有街頭藝術(shù)的十字路口，事故更少”可推測，第二段講述了街頭藝術(shù)的影響。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Till2022,therewere42AsphaltArtInitiativeprojectsinAmerica”可知，截至2022年，美國共有42個瀝青藝術(shù)倡議項目。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Maybeinthenearfuture,whenyoucrosstheroad,youcanfindthisbeautifulartinyourcity也許在不久的將來，當你過馬路的時候，你可以在你的城市里發(fā)現(xiàn)這些美麗的藝術(shù)品”可推測，作者認為今后我們可能會在更多的城市發(fā)現(xiàn)街頭藝術(shù)。故選C。5．推理判斷題。通讀全文，本文主要介紹了一項流行的現(xiàn)代街頭藝術(shù)——瀝青藝術(shù)的發(fā)展及意義，再結(jié)合“Thiskindofartbecomesmoreandmorepopular.這種藝術(shù)變得越來越流行”可推測，一位名叫托尼的繪畫藝術(shù)家有可能最有趣。故選B。4.（23-24七年級下·江蘇淮安·期末）Chinesepeopledon’tjustlovecookingdeliciousvegetabledishes.Theyalsoloveplantingvegetables.Chinesepeoplegrewvegetablesintheirgardenscenturiesago.Now,theyalsogrowvegetablesintheAntarctic(南極),andeveninspace(太空)!Hereiswhy.Withsomuchland,Chinaisgoodforgrowingvegetables.Manyplaceshavethelight,soil(土壤)andwaterthatvegetablesneed.Mostoftoday’svegetableswereoncewild(野生的)plants.Chinesepeoplestartedtoeatandplantthemquiteearly.TheBookofSongs(《詩經(jīng)》),written2,500yearsago,sayssomethingaboutvegetables.Chinesepeoplewerealsoopentovegetablesfromothercountries.Potatoes,peppers(辣椒)andtomatoeswereallfromotherplaces.ButChinesepeopleplantedthem,makingthempopularvegetablesinChina.Intheoldtimes,poetTaoYuanminglivedinthecountrysideanddidfarmwork.Thissurelyincludedplantingvegetables.Helovedthispeacefullife.NowmanyvideosofcountrylifeareverypopularonTikTok(抖音).Plantingvegetablesisagoodwaytogetawayfromthebusycitylife.1．WheredoChinesepeoplegrowvegetables?A．Intheirgardens. B．intheAntarctic. C．inspace. D．A,BandC．2．WhyisChinaagoodplaceforgrowingvegetables?A．Becausevegetablesaregoodforpeople’shealth.B．BecauseChinaisabigcountrywithalonghistory.C．Becausethere’smuchsoil,lightandwaterinChina.D．BecauseChinesepeopledowellingrowingvegetables.3．Theunderlinedword“peaceful”inParagraph4probablymeans“__________”A．helpful B．quiet C．strange D．important4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A．Alltoday’svegetableswereoncewildplants.B．OnlyChinesepeoplelikegrowingvegetables.C．PlantingvegetablesisbecomingpopularinChina.D．Potatoes,peppers(辣椒)andtomatoeswereallfromChina.【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．C【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了中國人不僅會做美味的蔬菜，也喜歡種植蔬菜，并分析了中國人熱衷于種蔬菜的原因。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Chinesepeoplegrewvegetablesintheirgardenscenturiesago.Now,theyalsogrowvegetablesintheAntarctic,andeveninspace!”可知，幾個世紀以前，中國人就在他們的花園里種植蔬菜?，F(xiàn)在，他們還在南極種菜，甚至在太空種菜！故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Withsomuchland,Chinaisgoodforgrowingvegetables.Manyplaceshavethelight,soilandwaterthatvegetablesneed.”可知，中國有這么多的土地，適合種植蔬菜。許多地方都有蔬菜所需的光、土壤和水。所以，中國是種蔬菜的好地方因為中國有很多土地、陽興和水。故選C。3．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文中“Intheoldtimes,poetTaoYuanminglivedinthecountrysideanddidfarmwork.Thissurelyincludedplantingvegetables.”和“Plantingvegetablesisagoodwaytogetawayfromthebusycitylife.”可知，陶淵明喜愛寧靜的生活。peaceful表示“安靜的，寧靜的”。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Theyalsoloveplantingvegetables.Chinesepeoplegrewvegetablesintheirgardenscenturiesago.Now,theyalsogrowvegetablesintheAntarctic,andeveninspace!”可知，種植蔬菜在中國越來越受歡迎。故選C。5.（22-23七年級下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）Isitpossibletogoonline,talkwithyourfriendsonapps,orevenreadamaponyourcoatinthenearfuture?Yes,yourcoat!ProfessorPengHuishengandhisteamatFudanUniversityhavemadeanewkindofcloth.Wecanuseitasadigital(電子的)screen(屏幕).Theyspend12yearstryingtomake“digitalcloth”.Thecoatwillbegreat.Youcannotonlyfold(折疊)it,butalsowashit.Theresearcherswashit500timesandfoldit1,000times.Youcanwearitjustlikeanyothercoat.Butthecoatisquitedifferentbecauseitcanworklikeasmartphone.Itisjustlikeputtingaphonescreenintothecoat.Wearitandthenitcanshowyoualotofinformationyouwant.ProfessorPengbelievesthatthenewcoatcanbeusedinmanyways.Forexample,adriverorabicycleridercanuseitasaGPSmap.Itcanalsohelppeoplewhocannothearorspeaktotalkwithothers.Inthehospital,thedoctorcangetthehealthdataofpatientsthroughhiscoattolookafterthembetter.Areyoulookingforwardtoputtingonthiscoat?It’scomingsoon.Let’swaitandsee.1．Thewriterstartsthepassageby________.A．givingsomenumbers B．a(chǎn)skingaquestionC．tellingastory D．introducinganidea2．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUEaboutthiscoat?A．Itiseasytomake“digitalcloth”.B．Thereisasmartphoneinthecoat.C．Thenewcoatisofgreatusetodoctors.D．Peoplecanfoldbutcan’twashthecoat.3．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．AspecialGPSmap. B．Ausefulcoatfordoctors.C．Anewcoatmadeof“digitalcloth”. D．Aspecialscreeninthecoat.【答案】1．B2．C3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了一種新材料制作的外套，這種外套有很多用途。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Isitpossibletogoonline,talkwithyourfriendsonapps,orevenreadamaponyourcoatinthenearfuture?”可知，作者以提問的方式開始這篇文章，故選B。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Inthehospital,thedoctorcangetthehealthdataofpatientsthroughhiscoattolookafterthembetter”可知，這種外套對醫(yī)生很有幫助，故選C。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Isitpossibletogoonline,talkwithyourfriendsonapps,orevenreadamaponyourcoatinthenearfuture?Yes,yourcoat!”（在不久的將來上網(wǎng)，在應(yīng)用程序上和朋友聊天，或者在你的外套上看地圖可能嗎？是的，你的外套?。┖妥詈笠欢巍癆reyoulookingforwardtoputtingonthiscoat?”（你期待穿上這種外套嗎？）可知本文主要介紹了一種新材料制造的外套，故選C。6.（22-23八年級上·山東濟南·期末）Doyouwanttoliveahappierlife?Trylaughingfornoreason.That’showmillionsofpeoplestarttheirdayatLaughterYoga(瑜伽)Clubsaroundtheworld,andmanydoctorsnowthinkthathavingagoodlaughmightbeoneofthebestwaystostayhealthy.ThefirstLaughterYogaClubwasstartedinMumbai,India,in1995byDrMadanKataria.“Youngchildrenlaughabout300timesaday.Adultslaughbetween7and15timesaday,”saidDrKataria.“Everyone’snaturallygoodatlaughing.Wewantpeopletofeelhappywiththeirlives.”A5-yearstudyinCaliforniashowsthatlaughtercanalleviatestressinourbodyandimproveourhealth.So,whatisLaughterYoga?IwenttomynearestLaughterYogaClubtofindout.Iwasquitenervousatfirst,becauseIthoughtlaughingwithagroupofstrangerscouldmakemelooksilly.Ourlaughterteachertoldustoclap(拍)ourhandsandsay,“hohoho,hahaha.”Hesaidourbodiescouldn’ttellthedifferencebetweenfake(假的)laughterandreallaughter,sotheybothworked.Tenminuteslater,everybodyintheroomwaslaughingforreal.Attheendoftheclass,IwassurprisedbyhowrelaxedandcomfortableIfelt.AsDrKatariasaid,“Whenyoulaugh,youchange,andwhenyouchange,theworldchangesaroundyou.”Soifyou’reunderstress,juststartlaughing.1．Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromParagraph1?A．Laughingfornoreasonisimpossible.B．ManydoctorsjoinLaughterYogaClubs.C．LaughterYogaClubsarepopulararoundtheworld.D．JoiningLaughterYogaClubsisthebestwaytokeephealthy.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviate”meaninChinese?A．產(chǎn)生 B．收集 C．承擔 D．緩解3．Howdidthewriter’sfeelingchangeintheLaughterYogaClub?A．Fromnervoustorelaxed. B．Fromexcitedtorelaxed.C．Fromupsettonervous. D．Fromshockedtoexcited.4．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Fakelaughterandreallaughterarebothgoodforhealth.B．People’slaughterseemsfakeinLaughterYogaClubs.C．Thewriterstillfeltnervousattheendoftheclass.D．Adultslaughmoreoftenthanchildreninaday.5．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．ToaskustojoinLaughterYogaClubs.B．Toadviseustolaughforahappierlife.C．Toshowusdifferentwaysoflaughing.D．TointroducethemanbehindLaughterYogaClubs.【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．A5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了現(xiàn)在許多醫(yī)生認為開懷大笑可能是保持健康的最好方法之一，因此許多人加入笑聲瑜伽俱樂部。加州一項為期5年的研究表明，笑可以緩解我們體內(nèi)的壓力，改善我們的健康，所以我們?yōu)榱烁腋５纳疃Π伞?．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“That’showmillionsofpeoplestarttheirdayatLaughterYoga(瑜伽)Clubsaroundtheworld,andmanydoctorsnowthinkthathavingagoodlaughmightbeoneofthebestwaystostayhealthy.”可知，笑聲瑜伽俱樂部在世界各地都很受歡迎。故選C。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“A5-yearstudyinCaliforniashowsthatlaughtercanalleviatestressinourbodyandimproveourhealth.”可知，它能改善我們的健康，因此表示緩解了壓力，故選D。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IwenttomynearestLaughterYogaClubtofindout.Iwasquitenervousatfirst,becauseIthoughtlaughingwithagroupofstrangerscouldmakemelooksilly.”和“Attheendoftheclass,Iwas