Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.notionn. 概念;觀點;看法2.hazardousadj. 危險的,不安全的3.shuttlen. 航天飛機4.excursionn. (有特定目的的)短途出行5.rekindlev. 重新激起,重新喚起6.lifelikeadj. (圖畫、模型等)生動的,逼真的7.galaxyn. 星系8.cosmicadj. 宇宙的9.subatomicadj. 亞原子的;原子內的10.particlen. 粒子11.peppern. 胡椒粉12.sneezev. 打噴嚏13.discn. 激光唱片;光碟,光盤Ⅱ.核心單詞1.screamoutforhelp 大聲呼救2.thepassengersandcrew 乘客和全體機組人員3.anawesomeexperience 一次很好的經歷4.thespacetelescope 太空望遠鏡5.astraightforwardanswer 一個簡單的回答6.lackself-discipline 缺乏自我約束7.runtofetchsomegifts 跑去拿些禮物8.stretchyourmuscles 伸展你的肌肉Ⅲ.一詞多義1.shadown.壞影響,陰影;影子v.(在……上)投下陰影;籠罩;遮?、賑astashadowontheirhappiness給他們的幸福蒙上陰影②castashadowonthewater在水面上投下一片影子③beshadowedbyahighmountain被高山遮蔽④beshadowedbythepast被過去的陰影籠罩2.anglev.斜置n.角;角度;視角①anglehischair把他的椅子斜置②a45°angle45°角③betakenfromanunusualangle從不同尋常的視角拍攝④lookattheissuefromdifferentangles從不同的角度看這個問題Ⅳ.派生單詞1.unexceptionaladj. 平常的exceptionn. 例外exceptionaladj. 特別的,非凡的,卓越的2.tragicallyadv. 悲慘地,不幸地tragicadj. 悲慘的;不幸的tragedyn. 悲劇(作品);慘案;不幸3.instantaneouslyadv. 瞬間地instantaneousadj. 立即的;瞬間的4.suspendv. 暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛suspensionn. 暫停;延緩;停職;懸浮5.simulatedadj. 模仿的,模擬的,仿真的simulatorn. (用于人員訓練的)模擬裝置,模擬器simulatev. 模仿;模擬simulationn. 模擬;模仿6.submitv. 提交;呈遞(文件等);屈服submissionn. 提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服7.conceivablyadv. 可以相信地;可想象地conceivableadj. 可信的;可想象的8.invisibleadj. 看不見的visionn. 視力;視覺;想象visibleadj. 看得見的Ⅴ.短語詞塊1.setfooton 踏上,登上2.becomeaccustomedto 習慣于(做)某事3.takeoff 起飛;脫下;突然成功;休假;取消4.castashadowon/over 給……蒙上陰影5.tunein 收看;收聽6.callto 號召;向……喊叫;召喚7.becomposedof 由……組成8.beinvisibleto 對……是不可見的9.one’sheartinone’smouth 心提到嗓子眼10.reachforthestars 有九天攬月之志;努力完成壯舉Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets,theirheartsintheirmouths,awareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakingitwas,andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.(獨立主格結構)數以百萬計的人在黑白電視機前觀看首次登月,他們的心都提到了嗓子眼,意識到這是一項多么艱巨和危險的任務,也意識到許多事情可能會出錯。2.Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe+過去分詞+that...)很快,人們認識到,太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數十億顆恒星中的一顆。3.Somuchoftheuniverseremainsunexploredthatwearestillclosetothestartofthisincrediblejourneyofdiscovery.(so...that...)宇宙還有很多未知領域,我們才剛剛接近這段奇幻發(fā)現之旅的起點。4.ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstous,remindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars,nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.(主旨升華)“挑戰(zhàn)者”號的犧牲召喚著我們、提醒著我們,不管星空看起來多么遙不可及,我們都要持之以恒地去探索。?構詞法日積月累前綴self-表示與個人或個體相關的概念,通常指的是某物或行為與某人自身有關。①self-discipline自我約束,自律②self-analysis自我分析③self-assessment自我評估④self-confidence自信⑤self-awareness自知StepOne寫一寫Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.avaguenotion一個模糊的概念2.ahazardousjourney一次危險的旅程3.theshuttleprogramme航天飛機計劃4.anexcursiontotheisland到島上游覽5.rekindlehopes重新喚起希望6.adistantgalaxy一個遙遠的星系7.aneutralparticle一個不帶電的粒子8.sneezeallmorning一上午一直打噴嚏Ⅱ.核心單詞1.screamv.(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫2.telescopen.望遠鏡3.straightforwardadj.簡單的4.musclen.肌肉5.fetchv.(去)拿來6.crewn.(飛機上的)全體機組人員;全組船員7.awesomeadj.很好的,了不起的8.self-disciplinen.自我約束,自律Ⅲ.派生單詞1.exceptionn.例外→exceptionaladj.特別的,非凡的,卓越的→unexceptionaladj.平常的

2.tragicadj.悲慘的;不幸的→tragicallyadv.悲慘地,不幸地→tragedyn.悲劇(作品);慘案;不幸3.suspendv.暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛→suspensionn.暫停;延緩;停職;懸浮4.submitv.提交;呈遞(文件等);屈服→submissionn.提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服5.visionn.視力;視覺;想象→visibleadj.看得見的→invisibleadj.看不見的Ⅳ.短語互譯1.becomeaccustomedto習慣于(做)某事

2.takeoff起飛;脫下;突然成功;休假;取消

3.castashadowon/over給……蒙上陰影

4.setfooton踏上,登上

5.one’sheartinone’smouth心提到嗓子眼6.tunein收看;收聽7.callto號召;向……喊叫;召喚8.becomposedof由……組成Ⅴ.句式仿寫1.句型公式:獨立主格結構Thenitleaptbackwards,backarchedandfuronend,tailheldoutstiffly.(動作描寫)

然后它向后一躍,脊背拱起,毛發(fā)豎立,尾巴僵直地伸著。2.句型公式:itbe+過去分詞+that...ItisknownthattheInternetisvitaltous.WebenefitalotfromtherapidpaceoftheInternetdevelopment.(科技發(fā)展)

眾所周知,互聯(lián)網對我們至關重要。我們從互聯(lián)網的快速發(fā)展中獲益良多。3.句型公式:so...that...Sonervouswashethathecouldhearhisheartbeatingwildly.(心理描寫)

他是如此緊張以至于能聽到自己的心在狂跳。StepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據語境和首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Withthebigfirespreading,peopleranfortheexits,screamingoutinterror.2.It’saverycomplexissuetowhichthereisnostraightforwardanswer.3.Ifyoufetchsomething,yougoandgetthemfromtheplacewheretheyare.4.Onaccountofmypreviousteachingexperience,Icanhelpyoumanagetheclassinanawesomeway.5.Theentirecrewiscomprisedoffourmenandthreewomen.Ⅱ.根據語境用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空1.Catshavesogoodnightvisionthatmanythingsarevisibletothematnightwhichareinvisibleforhumanwiththenakedeye.(vision)2.Tragically,hewaskilledinatragicaccidentattheageof24.(tragedy)3.Submissionscanbemadeasanindividualorasateam,butyourworkshouldbesubmittedbeforeJuly22ndtoMrLiinRoom102.(submit)4.Theactivityhastobesuspendedduetosomethingunexpected,andnooneknowshowlongthesuspensionwilllast.(suspend)Ⅲ.短語填空becomeaccustomedto;castashadowon;takeoff;callto;setfooton1.Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

2.Itisthemisunderstandingthatcastsashadowontheirfriendship.

3.Theneweracallstous,sayingthatweshouldstrivetoachievemoreanddobetter.

4.Livingherefortenyears,hehasbecomeaccustomedtothetropicalclimate.

5.IrememberthetimewhenIfirstsetfootonthisnewland.HowexcitedandnervousIwas!

Ⅳ.串記練習閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Atpresent,weareaccustomedto1.observing(observe)thenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitis2.anawesomeinvention.Withthehelpofit,wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisible3.tothenakedeye.However,ourquest4.is(be)farbeyondobservingthestars,andwehavebeentryingtoexploremore5.unknown(known)regionsintheuniverse.Oureffortshaveneverbeensuspended,althoughthe6.loss(lose)oftheChallengeroncecastashadowonourhearts.Withthepurposeof7.rekindling(rekindle)youngpupils’interestinspacetravel,thespaceshuttletookoff.Butonlyaminutelater,itexplodedandthelivesofitscrewwere8.tragically(tragic)cutshort.Thesevenheroessacrificed,buttheirspirits9.remind(remind)ustocontinuetoreachforthestars,10.howeverdistanttheyare.1.shadown.壞影響,陰影;影子v.(在……上)投下陰影;籠罩佳句背誦Thesunshonethroughtheleaves,castingshadowsonthelawn.(環(huán)境描寫)陽光穿過樹葉,在草坪上投下陰影。castashadowon/overcastashadowon/over 給……蒙上陰影;投下影子intheshadowof 在……的樹蔭下;在……的影響下beshadowedby 被……罩在陰影里以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Thebaywasshadowed(shadow)bymagnificentcliffs.

②MybrotherisintheshadowofMrSmith,whoisverystrict.③Doubtanduncertaintycreptin,castingashadowoverherexcitement.(心理描寫)

疑慮和不確定性悄悄襲來,給她的興奮蒙上了一層陰影。2.suspendv.暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛→suspensionn.暫停;延緩;停職(或停學等);懸浮佳句背誦Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling.一盞吊燈懸在天花板上。(環(huán)境描寫)besuspendedfromthejobbesuspendedfromthejob 被停職besuspendedby/from/on 被懸掛在……以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Ithinkhersuspension(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.②IamterriblysorrytohearthatyouhavebeensuspendedfromyourjobandIdobelievethatyoucanproveyourinnocence.(慰問信)

聽到你被停職的消息,我感到非常遺憾,我相信你可以證明自己的清白。3.submitv.(submitted,submitted,submitting)提交;呈遞;屈服→submissionn.提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服佳句背誦PleasesubmityourworkstotheStudentUnionofficebeforeApril15th.(通知)請在4月15日前將您的作品提交給學生會辦公室。submitsthto...submitsthto... 向……提交某物submit(oneself)to... 屈服于/服從……[聯(lián)想]雙寫結尾的輔音字母+-ed及+-ing的動詞:submit,quit,prefer,occur,refer以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Shesighedhelplessly,“Ishallgiveupmyclaiminsubmission(submit)toyourwishes.”②Anessaynotsubmitted(submit)inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.③Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh,utteringdeterminedly,“Iwon’tsubmit(myself)toothers’thoughts.”(動作描寫)

大衛(wèi)擦掉眼淚,高昂起頭,堅定地說道:“我不會屈從于其他人的看法。”4.becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth習慣于(做)某事佳句背誦Intraditionalclasses,studentsbecameaccustomedtotakinginwhatevertheirteacherstaughtthem.在傳統(tǒng)課堂上,學生們習慣于接受老師教授的一切東西。accustomaccustomv.使習慣于;使適應accustomoneselfto(doing)sth使自己習慣于/適應(做)某事accustomedadj.習慣于,適應的;通常的,慣常的以練促學句式升級MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.→Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(形容詞短語作狀語)

→Accustominghimselftolivinginthecountryside,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(動詞-ing形式作狀語)

片段鞏固用shadow;suspend;submit;becomeaccustomedto完成“個人成長”的片段寫作提示:小時候,我總是活在姐姐的陰影之下→她太優(yōu)秀了,這讓我感到有壓力→我沒有停止努力,全身心投入到持續(xù)的學習和改進中→我習慣了這些挑戰(zhàn),并開始綻放出自己的光芒WhenIwasyoung,Ialwayslivedintheshadowofmyeldersister.ShewassoexcellentthatIfeltpressured.However,Ididn’tsuspendmyefforts.Isubmittedmyselftocontinuouslearningandimprovement.Gradually,Ibecameaccustomedtothechallengesandstartedtoshineonmyown.1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①Bynomeansshouldwesubmitourselvestoanydifficulty.v.屈服②Heangledhischairsothathecouldsitandwatchher.v.斜置2.選出shadow的漢語意思A.A.n.影子B.n.昏暗處;背光處C.n.壞影響D.n.少許;一丁點①Someonejumpedoutoftheshadowsandgrabbedmyhandbag.B②Anoaktreecastitsshadowoveratinyroundpool.A③Theystolethemoney,madeagetawayandlivedundertheshadowoffear.C④Itisatragicstory,butthereisashadowofhope.D3.根據上下文寫出suspend的詞性和詞義Theongoingconstructionwas①suspended,causingadelay.Aworkerwas②suspendedfornegligence.Intheclassroom,anaughtystudentwas③suspended.Meanwhile,alampwas④suspendedfromtheceiling,castingasoftglow.①v.暫停,中止②v.停職③v.停學④v.懸,掛

句型公式:itbe+過去分詞+that...課本原句:Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快,人們認識到,太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數十億顆恒星中的一顆。佳句背誦It’sknowntoallthat“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”.(主旨升華)眾所周知,“有志者,事竟成”。Itissaid/reportedthat...Itissaid/reportedthat...據說/據報道……Itisthought/suggested/believed/hopedthat...人們認為/建議/相信/希望……[點撥]上述句式除“Itishopedthat...”和“Itissuggestedthat...”外,可以轉化為“sb/sthis+過去分詞+todo/tobedoing/tohavedone...”句型。以練促學單句寫作/同義句轉換①Itissaidthattherewillbelotsofprizesforthewinners,includingnotebooks,pensanddictionaries.

據說,獲勝者將有很多獎品,包括筆記本、鋼筆和字典。②Itisthoughtthatcarbondioxideisheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.→Carbondioxideisthoughttobeheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.

維度一核心知識運用1.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions(submit).(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)2.Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomake(make)theprintedpageoutdated.(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)

3.Mykidsscreamed(scream)withjoy.Webaked,icedandsprinkledformostoftheday.(天津3月卷)4.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(simulate)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.(新高考Ⅰ卷)5.Jones’ideahasbeenfullyrealized—the“HAPPYTOCHAT”bencheshelpbreakdowntheinvisible(visible)socialbarrierthatkeepspeoplefromsayinghello.(天津7月卷)6.Heisthemostsoulfulandtragically(tragic)complexcharacterinthestory.7.Therehavebeencallsforthedrug’simmediatesuspension(suspend),followingreportsthatithasdangeroussideeffects.8.Hefetches(fetch)thechildrenfromschoolonMondaysandFridays.9.Thosewhoareaccustomedtostaying(stay)uplatearemorelikelytosufferfromotherdiseases.10.Thesettingsunshoneonus,castingourshadowson/overtheroad.維度二單句寫作1.OurEnglishcurriculumcoversawiderangeoftopics,fromessentialgrammarconceptstoengagingliteraryworks,alltailoredtomeettheuniqueneedsandinterestsofourlearners.(獨立主格結構)

我們的英語課程涵蓋了廣泛的主題,從基本語法概念到引人入勝的文學作品,所有這些都是為了滿足學習者的獨特需求和興趣而量身定制的。2.It’ssaidthathundredsofChinesepaintingsbyancientartistswillbeondisplay,fromwhichvisitorswillexperiencethecolourfulChineseculture.(itbe+過去分詞+that...)

據說,數百幅中國古代藝術家的繪畫作品將在這里展出,參觀者將從中體驗到豐富多彩的中國文化。3.Hewassoresponsibleateacherthatwewerealldeeplymoved.(so...that...)

他是一位如此負責的老師,以至于我們都被深深地感動了。4.Icouldhaveworkedouttheproblem,butIwastoonervous.(情態(tài)動詞)

我本來可以解決這個問題,但我太緊張了。5.Weshouldbebackaround4o’clockintheafternoon.(情態(tài)動詞)

我們應該在下午四點左右回來。維度三單元知識拾遺Thesportsgame1.wasawesome.Thefans2.werescreaminginsupportoftheplayers.3.Self-disciplineiswhatathletesneedtoperformattheirbestandgiveustheseexcitingmoments.

這場體育比賽太棒了。球迷們尖叫著表示支持參賽選手。運動員需要自律才能表現出最佳狀態(tài),并給我們帶來這些激動人心的時刻。Ⅰ.話題下的應用文專練(日記——太空旅行)假設你是李華,假設現在是2050年,太空旅行已經是一件很平常的事,請用英語寫一篇日記,描述太空生活。根據提示,利用本單元所學知識完成應用文寫作第一步字斟句酌優(yōu)化表達①現在是2050年,太空旅行對公眾來說已經很平常了。(unexceptional)Itistheyear2050,andspacetravelhasbecomeunexceptionaltothepublic.

②幾天前,我們踏上火星,在那里我們發(fā)現了很多在地球上看不見的東西。(setfooton,invisible)Afewdaysago,wesetfootonMarswherewefoundalotofthingsinvisibleontheearth.

③一到達,我們就邀請了許多外星人來參加我們在航天飛機里舉行的聚會。(spaceshuttle)Onarriving,weinvitedmanyalienstoourparty,whichwasheldinourspaceshuttle.

④他們的歌太棒了,我們都興奮地尖叫起來。(so...that...,awesome,scream)Theirsongsweresoawesomethatallofusscreamedexcitedly.

⑤我們把望遠鏡斜置在航天飛機里觀察浩瀚的宇宙。(telescope,angle)Weobservedthevastuniversewiththetelescopeangledinourspaceshuttle.

⑥可以想象,這次旅行很有趣。(conceivably)Thetripwasconceivablyinteresting.

⑦我真希望不久能再次去火星旅行。(do強調謂語)IdohopetotraveltoMarsagainsoon.

第二步恰當過渡完美成文(使用恰當的過渡銜接詞連句成篇)Sunday,August24th,2025SunnyItistheyear2050,andspacetravelhasbecomeunexceptionaltothepublic.Afewdaysago,wesetfootonMarswherewefoundalotofthingsinvisibleontheearth.Onarriving,weinvitedmanyalienstoourparty,whichwasheldinourspaceshuttle.Theirsongsweresoawesomethatallofusscreamedexcitedly.Finally,weobservedthevastuniversewiththetelescopeangledinourspaceshuttle.ThetripwasconceivablyinterestingandIdohopetotraveltoMarsagainsoon.Ⅱ.話題下的續(xù)寫能力提升(根據提示續(xù)寫2場景)場景導語:探險家Tom熱愛探險→一天,他踏入叢林深處冒險→迷路,面臨生存的挑戰(zhàn)→尋找食物、解決導航問題→嘗試與一群活潑的猴子交流,希望能找到出路……場景續(xù)寫1:讓他感到驚奇的是,猴子反應友好(出于善意,給他水果等)→跟隨猴子學習→取得進展(學會找水源、可食用的食物)→Tom恢復體力,有了希望Tohissurprise,themonkeysrespondedtohimfriendly.Theyseemedintriguedbyhisattemptstocommunicateandevenbroughthimsomefruits,apparentlyasagestureofgoodwill.Tomgratefullyacceptedtheofferings,realizingthatthesemonkeyscouldpotentiallybehislifeline.Overthenextfewdays,hefollowedthemonkeys,learningfromtheirbehaviorandsurvivalskillsinthejungle.Theyledhimtowatersourcesandediblefruits,helpinghimsustainhisstrength.Theexperiencewassurreal,butitgaveTomhopeandrenewedenergytocontinuehisstruggleforsurvival.

場景續(xù)寫2:走出叢林看到一個小村莊→Tom及村民的反應→解釋情況→村民熱情幫助→探險感悟AsTomsteppedoutofthejungle,hewasgreetedbythesightofasmallvillage.Relieffloodedthroughhisbodyasherealizedhehadfinallyfoundcivilization.Weakandexhausted,hestumbledtowardsthenearesthut.Villagersgatheredaroundhim,theirfacesfilledwithcuriosity.Tomexplainedhissituation,andtheyofferedhimfood,shelter,andclothing.Asherestedandrecovered,hereflectedonhisjourney.Despitethehardshipsandnear-deathexperiences,Tomfeltasenseofaccomplishment.Hehadsurvivedthejungle,thankstohisresilience,courage,andanunlikelyalliancewithagroupofmonkeys.

課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解“Palace,Mountain,Moon?”hasbeenselectedbyNASAastheAstronomicalPictureoftheDayforDecember25,2023.ThephotowastakenbyValerio,ayoungphotographerofTurin,Italy.ItwasshotontheeveningofDecember15,2023.WhileheknewaboutNASA’scompetition,hehadn’tconsideredparticipatinguntilhereceivedmuchencouragementfromhissocialmediafollowers.Soonafter,hereceivedthemessage,“Yourimagehasbeenchosenastheastronomicalphotooftheday.”Itwasincredible!Inaphotolikethis,nothingislefttoluck.Theconceptcametohimbackin2017.WalkingonthehillsnorthofTurin,hefoundseveralspotsperfectforincludingboththeBasilicaofSupergaandMountainMonviso.Afternumerousvisitsoverseveralmonths,heidentifiedfourspotswhereSupergaandMonvisolineupjustright.Afterpinpointingtheselocations,heexperimentedwithshootingthematdifferenttimes.“IknewIneededsomethingspecialtoperfectthephoto.TheSunwasano-goplace,soIturnedtotheMoon.Itsvariousphasesandpositionsreachanazimuthangle(方位角)of230degrees,”Valeriosaid.Withthisinmind,heresearchedtheMoon’sphases,markedpotentialdatesonthecalendar,andplannedtheexactmomentswhenthemooncouldjointhequeue.Itwasverysuccessful,especiallybecausetheMoonwasinawaxingphase.Thismeantthatinthephoto,notonlywasitscrescent(新月)litup,butsowastheleftpart,itsshadowedside.Thatpartislitbyreflectedlight,alsoknownastheDaVinciglow,namedafterhimbecausehewastheonewhotheorizedaboutwhytheMoon’sshadowedsideisbrightened.DuringtheearlydaysofthewaxingMoonphases,theshadowedpartisvisiblebecausetheSun’slightreflectsofftheEarthandhitstheMoon’sshadowedside,givingitagreyish,silverycolor.ThisallowedthelighttooutlineMonvisoontheleftaswell.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。年輕攝影師Valerio拍攝的天文照片被NASA選中,文章介紹了他拍攝這張照片的經過等。1.WhydidValeriosendthephototoNASA?A.Hetookaninterestinastronomicaladvances.B.Heexpectedtocreateanimpactonsocialmedia.C.Hereceivedbroadsupportfromenthusiasticfans.D.Hewishedtomakehishometownatouristhotspot.答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“WhileheknewaboutNASA’scompetition...muchencouragementfromhissocialmediafollowers.”(雖然他知道美國國家航空和航天局的比賽,但在得到社交媒體追隨者的廣泛鼓勵之前,他并沒有考慮參加)可知,Valerio把照片發(fā)給美國國家航空和航天局是因為有熱情粉絲的廣泛支持,故選C。]2.InValerio’sphoto,thethreeobjects.

A.shinelightoneachotherB.standinastraightlineC.fiteachotherinsizeD.varyfromtheusualincolor答案B[推理判斷題。第三段結尾說Valerio識別出了四個Superga和Monviso正好排列在一起的地方;根據第四段中的描述“plannedtheexactmomentswhenthemooncouldjointhequeue”可知,Valerio計劃了月亮可以加入隊列的確切時刻。所以可推知在Valerio的照片中三個物體位于一條直線上,故選B。]3.WhatdidValeriodotopreparefortheperfectphoto?A.StudyinghowtheMoonphasechanges.B.CalculatingtheSuperga-Monvisodistance.C.Analyzingwhentoadjustthecameraangle.D.Measuringtheheightoftheobservationpoint.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段的描述“Withthisinmind,heresearchedtheMoon’sphases”可知,為了拍出一張完美的照片,Valerio研究了月相的變化,故選A。]4.WhatwaslitupbytheDaVinciglow?A.Theoutlineofthecrescent.B.TheoutlineofSuperga.C.ThedarksideoftheMoon.D.TheshadowedsideoftheEarth.答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中的“notonlywasitscrescent(新月)litup,butsowastheleftpart,itsshadowedside...Moon’sshadowedsideisbrightened”可知,不僅新月被照亮了,剩余的部分即它的有陰影的一面也被照亮了,那部分被反射光照亮,也被稱為達·芬奇之光。故可知達·芬奇之光照亮了月球的暗面,故選C。]FryingFrenchfriesinspacemaybepossible,accordingtoarecentstudybyAristotleUniversityofThessaloniki,Greece.OnEarth,wehavegravityandbuoyancy(浮力).Gravitymakessurethattheoilstaysinthecooker,andbuoyancyallowsthebubblesthatcomeoutofthefriestotravelupwardsothatthefriesarecooked.Inspace,whichisundermicrogravity,thereisnobuoyancy.Soscientistsforlongbelievedthatfryingwasn’tpossible.Theresearchteamfirstdesignedasealedcontainerthatcouldfrythepotatosafelyinzerogravityandthentooktheresearchersonaride.Theplaneclimbedup,andthen,atacertainpoint,headeddownjustlikearollercoaster.Therewereabout20secondsofmicrogravitywhentheplanereachedthehighestpoint,duringwhichtheteamdidtests.Totheirsurprise,thefrieswerecooked,andthebubbleswereabletoescape.Whenthepotatowasfried,thewaterinsidethepotatoturnedintovapor(水蒸氣).Thevaporcreatedpressurewhenreleasedfromthepotato.Thepressureinsidethepotatoallowedthebubblestogooutandlettheoilcomein,accordingtotheresearchpaper.Itshowedthat“fryingcanoccurinspace”.Thisisn’tthefirstattemptforscientiststodeep-fryFrenchfriesin“space”.Earlyin2014,agroupofresearchersconductedstudiesundervariousgravity.Theagency’slargecentrifuge(離心機)cancreateartificialgravityfrom1to20g,with“g”referringtothegravitationalaccelerationatthesurfaceoftheEarth.Ithasfourarmsandcanspinfast.Duringthespin,thingsheldbythearmareundercentrifugalforce,whichisthesourceofartificialgravity.Thefrieswerecookedunderdifferentgravityfrom1to9g.TheydiscoveredthattheFrenchfrieshadthemostcrispy(脆的)chipsunder3g.It’sinterestingtomentionthatJupiter’sgravityis2.4timesthatofEarth’sgravity.So,FrenchfriesmayhavetheperfecttasteifcookedonJupiter,comparedwithotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。由于太空的微重力環(huán)境以及缺乏浮力,科學家長期以來認為炸薯條是不可能的。最近的一項研究表明在太空中可以進行炸薯條。5.WhatmaymakefryingFrenchFriespossibleinspace?A.Thereleaseofbubbles.B.Thetransformationofgravity.C.Thereductionofvapor.D.Theaccumulationofbuoyancy.答案A[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“OnEarth,wehavegravity...sothatthefriesarecooked.”可知,地球上有重力和浮力。重力能夠確保油在鍋里,浮力能讓薯條里的氣泡散發(fā)出來,這樣炸薯條就做成了。再根據“Inspace,whichisunder...thatfryingwasn’tpossible.”可知,在擁有微重力的太空中沒有浮力。因此,科學家們一直認為炸薯條是不可能的。由此可推知,烹制炸薯條的前提是使薯條中的氣泡散發(fā)出來。故選A項。]6.Whydidtheplaneheaddownlikearollercoaster?A.Tomakeaweightlesssense.B.Togetappropriatepressure.C.Totestthesealofthecontainer.D.Tocreateexperimentconditions.答案D[推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Theplane...headeddownjustlikearollercoaster.Therewereabout20secondsofmicrogravity...duringwhichtheteamdidtests.”可知,飛機爬到一定高度后像過山車一樣俯沖。在這個過程中,有20秒的時間飛機處于微重力狀態(tài),在此期間,團隊進行了試驗。由此可推知,飛機像過山車一樣俯沖的目的是創(chuàng)造試驗條件。故選D項。]7.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningthestudiesconductedin2014?A.Toshowthefunctionofthecentrifuge.B.Tofindcommongroundofvariousexperiments.C.ToprovetheperfecttasteofFrenchfriesonJupiter.D.TooffermoreevidenceaboutcookingFrenchfriesinspace.答案D[寫作意圖題。根據第五段中的“Thisisn’tthefirstattemptforscientiststodeep-fryFrenchin‘space’.”可知,這不是科學家首次企圖在“太空”中炸薯條。由此可知,下文中提到2014年進行的研究的目的是提供更多關于在太空中炸薯條的證據。]8.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencemagazine.B.Acookbook.C.Afoodadvertisement.D.Atravelbrochure.答案A[文章出處題。綜觀全文,尤其是根據第一段“FryingFrenchfriesinspacemaybepossible,accordingtoarecentstudybyAristotleUniversityofThessaloniki,Greece.”可知,文章主要介紹了希臘一所大學最近的一項研究,該研究打破了科學家以往的看法,證明在太空中可以進行炸薯條,因此本文最可能選自一本科學雜志。]技巧點撥:從體裁和題材判斷文章出處解答文章出處題主要從文章的體裁和題材內容來作出判斷。同學們需要在理解文章的基礎上去了解各種出處的文章的特點,結合文章的內容、關鍵詞作出準確的判斷。還可重點關注文章的第一段和最后一段,作者通常會在該部分介紹其寫作目的,此外,同學們還可根據文章的結構、作者使用的詞語和語氣等細節(jié)信息推斷文章的來源。Ⅱ.完形填空PhotographersfromChinawereamongthetopprizewinnersatthe14thAstronomyPhotographeroftheYearcompetition,organizedbytheRoyalObservatoryGreenwich,inLondon.Chinesephotographersfeaturedsignificantlyandwon1inthreecategoriesandoneoftheindividualawards,withthemostremarkable2beingtheyoungphotographeraward,jointlywonbyYangHanwenandZhouZezhen,bothaged14,fortheir3:AndromedaGalaxy:TheNeighbor.

Theofficialawardsnewsreleasedescribedtheirpictureas“a4photographofoneoftheMilkyWay’sclosestandlargestneighbors”thatshowedthelively5ofanearbygalaxy,starspiercing(穿透)throughthe6andemphasizedthewonderofthemagnificentsight.

Theimagewas7byLaszloFrancsics,oneofthisyear’sjudges.“Itisanexcellentsight8byyoungChineseteenagers,whoalsodemonstratetheirextraordinarytalentin9adeep-skyphoto,”saysFrancsics.

Hanwen,oneofthetwoChinesewinners,says,“Ithinkthisphotoshowshow10ournearestneighboris.”“Oneofthemainfunctions(功能)ofthecompetitionisto11morepeopletofallinlovewithastronomybyshowingthebeautyofthe12,”saysZezhen,theotherteenagerwhowontheaward.

“The13forthecompetitionisincrediblyhigh,”saysEdBloomer,anastronomer.“Itwasreallysatisfyingtoseehowmanycompetitors14themselvestocaptureunusual,rarelyimagedor15events:Therearesomethingsyouwon’thaveseenbefore,andevensomethingsthatwon’tbeseenagain.”

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了在由倫敦格林威治皇家天文臺組織的第14屆年度天文攝影師大賽中,來自中國的攝影師獲得了獎項。1.A.diplomas B.fortunesC.titles D.prizes答案D[根據上文“PhotographersfromChinawere...theRoyalObservatoryGreenwich,inLondon.”可知,中國攝影師在本屆攝影大賽中表現突出,獲得了三大類的獎項,并贏得了一項個人獎項。故選D項。]2.A.effect B.motivationC.success D.enthusiasm答案C[根據上文“Chinesephotographersfeaturedsignificantlyandwoninthreecategoriesandoneoftheindividualawards”可知,其中最引人注目的成功是由楊瀚文和周澤震共同獲得的青年攝影師獎。故選C項。]

3.A.imagination B.imageC.exploration D.reflection答案B[根據下文“TheimagewasbyLaszloFrancsics,oneofthisyear’sjudges.”可知,他們的作品(照片)是《仙女座星系:鄰居》。故選B項。]

4.A.fascinating B.terrifyingC.puzzling D.disturbing答案A[根據下文“showedthelivelyofanearbygalaxy,starspiercing(穿透)throughtheandemphasizedthewonderofthemagnificentsight”可知,照片被描述為“銀河系最近和最大的鄰居之一的迷人照片”。故選A項。]

5.A.colors B.shapesC.structures D.sizes答案A[根據下文“anearbygalaxy”可知,展示了附近星系的鮮艷色彩。故選A項。]6.A.temperature B.darknessC.coldness D.cloud答案B[根據常識和下文“emphasizedthewonderofthemagnificentsight”可知,宇宙是黑暗的,恒星穿透黑暗。故選B項。]7.A.presented B.storedC.highlighted D.introduced答案C[根據下文“byLaszloFrancsics”以及下文的稱贊可知,今年的評委之一LaszloFrancsics特別強調了這張照片。故選C項。]8.A.created B.predictedC.tracked D.observed答案D[根據下文“whoalsodemonstratetheirextraordinarytalent”可知,這是中國青少年觀察到的絕佳景象。故選D項。]9.A.processing B.analyzingC.designing D.appreciating答案A[根據下文“deep-skyphoto”以及常識可知,照片需要處理。故選A項。]10.A.quiet B.beautifulC.distant D.mysterious答案B[根據上文“magnificentsight”可知,瀚文說:照片展示了我們最近的鄰居有多美。故選B項。]11.A.demand B.persuadeC.allow D.attract答案D[根據下文“morepeopletofallinlovewithastronomy”可知,比賽的主要功能之一是通過展示宇宙的美麗來吸引更多人愛上天文學。故選D項。]12.A.atmosphere B.environmentC.universe D.earth答案C[根據上文的“Oneofthemainfunctions(功能)ofthecompetitionistomorepeopletofallinlovewithastronomybyshowingthebeauty”可知,展示宇宙的美麗來吸引更多人愛上天文學。故選C項。]

13.A.standard B.intentionC.desire D.application答案A[根據下文“incrediblyhigh”可知,競賽的標準高。故選A項。]14.A.enjoyed B.challengedC.treated D.devoted答案B[根據上文“Theforthecompetitionisincrediblyhigh”可知,比賽標準高,但還是有人挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項。]

15.A.slight B.ordinaryC.familiar D.temporary答案D[根據上文“captureunusual,rarelyimaged”和下文“evensomethingsthatwon’tbeseenagain”可知,指拍攝暫時的事件。故選D項。]Ⅲ.語法填空TheShenzhouXVIcrewmemberssharedtheirspacestorieswiththepublicafterthe1.(five)crewedmissiontothespacestation2.(involve)China’sfirstcivilianastronaut.

“Ifeltparticularlyhappytoflywiththediversecrewmembers,which3.thefirsttimeincludedapilot,anengineer,andapayload