PAGE1專題06動詞時態(tài)(初高中銜接)內容導航考點聚焦：核心考點+高考考點，有的放矢重點速記：知識點和關鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強化：難點內容標注與講解，能力提升復習提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點聚焦考點一一般現(xiàn)在時考點一一般現(xiàn)在時1.用法(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作、習慣性行為或永恒的真理、客觀事實。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海在中國的東部。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球圍繞太陽轉。(2)在時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中，如果主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。IfyouarefreethisSunday,wellgoforapicnic.如果你這周日有空，我們將去野餐。2.第三人稱單數(shù)動詞變化規(guī)則：(1)一般情況下在動詞詞尾加s。place—placesspeak—speaksput—putsexperience—erperiences(2)以o，s，x，ch，sh結尾的單詞，一般在詞尾加es。do—doesgo—goesfinish—finishesbrush—brushesfix—fixespass—passeswatch—watches(3)以“輔音字母＋y”結尾的單詞，變y為i加es。study—studiescarry—carriescry—cries(4)以“元音字母＋y”結尾的單詞，在詞尾直接加s。play—playsstay—stays3.否定句Heisn'tanengineer.他不是一位工程師。Wedon’treadnovelsinclass.上課我們不看小說。4.一般疑問句—Isheastudent?他是一位學生嗎？—Yes,heis./No,heisn't.是的/不是的—Doyougetupat7：30inthemorning?你早上七點鐘起床？—Yes，wedo./No，wedon't.是的/不是的考點二考點二一般過去時1.用法(1)表示在過去某時發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)，或過去一段時間內習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。IgraduatedfromNo.2MiddleSchoolthreeyearsago.三年前我從第二中學畢業(yè)。(2)表示一系列發(fā)生在過去的動作，盡管動作有先后，但是都用過去時，且在最后兩個動詞之間用and連接。Hetookhisbag,closedthedoorandlefttheroom.他拿起包，關上門，離開了房間。(3)在時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中，如果主句用過去將來時，從句用一般過去時表示過去將來。Hewouldgivethelettertoherassoonasshecameback.她一回來他就會把信給她。2.否定句Hewasn'tbusyyesterday.他昨天不忙。Hedidn'tsmokelastyear.他去年不抽煙。3.疑問句—Washefreeyesterday?—Yes，hewas./No，hewasn't.他昨天有時間嗎？有/沒有?！狣idhegraduatelastyear?—Yes，hedid./No，hedidn't.去年他畢業(yè)了嗎？是/不是。4.動詞過去式變化規(guī)則。(1)一般情況下在動詞詞尾加ed。view—viewedsuffer—sufferedlaugh—laughedexplain—explainedfinish—finishedwork—worked(2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的單詞直接加d。experience—experiencedchange—changedchallenge--challengedsmoke—smokedescape—escapedgraduate—graduated(3)以“輔音字母＋y”結尾的單詞，變y為i加ed。study—studiedcarry—carriedcry—criedtry—triedmarry—married(4)以“元音字母＋y”結尾的單詞直接加ed。play—playedstay—stayed(5)以“一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母”的重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的單詞應先雙寫這個輔音字母然后再加ed。spot—spottedplan—plannedskip—skipped(6)動詞不規(guī)則變化：do—didgo—e—camerun—ranwrite—wrotebegin—begandrink—drankkeep—keptleave—leftsleep—sleptmake—madelie—laydig—dugeat—ateknow—knewcut—cutset—setlet—letread—readhurt—hurt考點三考點三現(xiàn)在進行時1.用法(1)表示說話時正在進行的動作。Look,theyareplayingfootball.看,他們正在踢足球。(2)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，或表示正在發(fā)展變化的情況。Thepopulationoftheworldisincreasing.世界人口正在不斷增長。Don’tmakenoise.Thebabyisfallingasleep.別出聲。孩子就要睡著了。(3)在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在進行時代替將來進行時。IfIamsleepingwhenhecomes,wakemeup,please.如果他來時我正在睡覺，請叫醒我。(4)與always,allthetime,constantly,forever等連用，表達說話人的贊賞、責備、厭惡等情感。He'salwaysthinkingofothers.他總是想著他人?！緶剀疤崾尽恳恍┍硎靖杏X、愿望和狀態(tài)的動詞，一般不用于進行時，如:be,love,hate,like,want,need,prefer,wish,know,believe,feel,remain,look,see,seem,fit,find,hear,allow,prove,sound,taste,desire等。2.動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構成(1)一般動詞直接在詞尾加ing。do—doingread—readingwork—workingthink—thinkingstudy—studyinggo—goingwatch—watchingjump—jumping(2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，應先去掉e然后加ing。like—likingtake—takingleave—leavinglive—livingreceive—receivingdance—dancingcome—comingsmoke—smokingwrite—writing(3)以“一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母”的重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，應先雙寫這個輔音字母然后再加ing。stop—stoppingbegin—beginningdig—diggingswim—swimmingrun—runningsit—sitting(注意：listen—listeningopen—openingeat—eatingrain—rainingsleep—sleeping)考點四考點四現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示發(fā)生在過去的或已經(jīng)完成的對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作2.表示動作或狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和“for+時間段”“since+時間點/從句”連用。(表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)多用延續(xù)性動詞)3.動作從過去到現(xiàn)在重復發(fā)生很多次4.時間狀語：already,yet,never/ever,just,before，since+時間點，for+時間段，howlongin/over/duringthepast/last3years，overtheyears，sofar/tillnow/bynow/uptonow，thesedays，recently/inrecentyears，once/twice/threetimes/manytimes…5.非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的相互轉化：leavebeaway,borrowkeepbegin/startbeonbuyhavediebedeadfinishbeoverjoinbein+組織機構或者beamemberof+組織機構opensthkeepsthopenfallillbeillgetupbeupcomeherebeherecatchacoldhaveacoldfallasleepbeasleepgetto/arrive/reachbe(in)leavebeawayfromgo(get)out→beoutputon→wear6.重要句型：(1)That/This/Itisthefirst(second,third...)time...(that)...句型中，從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。(2)＂That/This/Itisthe+形容詞最高級+名詞+(that)從句＂中，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。(3)在＂Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since...＂句型中，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用一般過去時。(4)一段時間+完成時結構+since引導的時間狀語從句Ithasbeen/Itis5yearssincewelastmet.自從上一次我們見面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是五年了。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.這是我第一次參觀這座城市。ThisisthebestfilmthatI’ve(ever)seen.這是我看過的最好看的電影。TwoyearshaspassedsinceIcamehere.我來這兒已經(jīng)兩年了?！緶剀疤崾尽窟@個句式里面twoyears要看作一個整體，表示時間段，放在主語位置上，后面的謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。【易混辨析1】since/forsince1.since后可加時間點，如nearlythreeyearsago或2008.2.since引導時間狀語從句時，后面的時間狀語從句動詞用一般過去時，主句動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。for+一段時間=since+一段時間+agoforfor后加一段時間。如tenyears?！疽谆毂嫖?】have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin的區(qū)別have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過，強調以往的經(jīng)歷。TheoldmanhasbeentoEgyptwhenhewasyoung.have/hasgoneto去了某地，強調還沒有回來。Whereisyouruncle?Hehasgonetothesupermarket.have/hasbeenin待在某地，住在某地Mr.Smithhasbeeninthelabforovertenhours.考點五考點五一般講來時1.begoingto+動詞原形，表示計劃、打算做某事，表示已決定的并很可能發(fā)生的事?；蛘呤歉鶕?jù)天氣跡象猜測要發(fā)生的事情。WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?2.will+動詞原形，表示將來要發(fā)生的動作或是存在的狀態(tài)。Willyoubebackintwodays?【易混辨析】begoingto+動詞原形和will+動詞原形begoingto+動詞原形1.強調某個意圖是經(jīng)過事先考慮好的，則通常要用begoingto2.若是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事，通常只用begoingto，"Annisinhospital.""Yes,Iknow.I’mgoingtovisithertomorrow.(事先考慮的意圖)will+動詞原形1.表示某個意圖沒有經(jīng)過事先考慮，而是在說話的當時才臨時想到的，則通常用will"Annisinhospital.""Oh,really?Ididn’tknow.I’llgoandvisither."2.帶有時間或條件狀語從句的主句.3.時間狀語：(1)tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow(2)next...:nextweek,nextyear等(3)in...:inthreeyears,inaweek,in2025等(4)soon等【溫馨提示】1.當句中主語是I或者we時，一般使用shall,表示征求對方的意見。Whenshallwemeettomorrow?2.如果主句是祈使句，那么從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Don’tlaughatmewhenImakeamistake.3.如果主句是含有情態(tài)動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時，根據(jù)需要從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。Youshouldbequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom4.當if表示“是否”時，不遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。Idon’tknowifhewillcometomyhometomorrow.考點六考點六過去進行時1.過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。2.過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。

3.時間狀語：thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetoten,lastevening,when,while，as【易混辨析】含有when或while引導的時間狀語從句的主從復合句whenwhen所引導的時間狀語從句中，動作既可以是長動作，也可以是短動作，即動詞既可以使用延續(xù)性動詞也可以使用非延續(xù)性動詞。關鍵看動作是否能延續(xù)，可延續(xù)性動詞用過去進行時，不可延續(xù)性動詞用一般過去時。主句的動詞根據(jù)動作可不可以延續(xù)決定，可以延續(xù)使用過去進行時，不可延續(xù)使用一般過去時。JimwaslisteningtotheCDwhenhisbrothercameback.whilewhile所引導的時間狀語從句中，動作只能是長動作，即動詞只能使用延續(xù)性動詞。該延續(xù)性動詞使用過去進行時。主句的動詞根據(jù)動作可不可以延續(xù)決定，可以延續(xù)使用過去進行時，不可延續(xù)使用一般過去時。WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,mymotherwaswatchingTV.Whenhe________(walk)hisdoginthepark,hecameacrossanoldfriendofhis.1.It________(represent)theearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.2.Astheimpactofhumanactivities________(continue)togrowandthelistofspeciesindangerofextinctionbecomeslonger,weareleftwithaquestion.3.Whenapieceoficeistakenintoawarmroom,itwillbecomesmallerandsmaller,untilintheendit________(appear)completely.4.You________togetridofthehabitofdrinkingcolaonly.5.They________(leave)forabeachvacationtomorrow.They’vealreadypackedtheirswimsuitsandsunhats.6.Jerry________(use)toimaginethatonedayhecouldseethebeautyoftheworldwithoutleavinghishome.NowhiswishhascometruewiththedevelopmentoftheInternet.7.WhenIarrived,he________(lie)onthebed,fastasleep.8.Wewereinformedthattheleaders________(come)toourschoolsoon.9.Weareafraidthatwecannotpasstheexamtobeheldnextweek,becausetheteacher________(criticise)usifwecan’tpassit.10.Tom________(graduate)fromcollegeinafewmonthsbecausehehascompletedallthecourses.11.Researchhas________(confirm)thatsmokingisamajorriskfactorformanydiseases.12.Thenumberofstudentsinourschool________(increase)steadilyinthepastfewyears.提升專練I.單句語法填空1.Doingpull-upsdevelopsourcoremusclesand________(strength)ourupperback.2.Yourtalent________(able)youtobequalifiedforthejob.3.First,histwosledges________(break)downandthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.4.AlthoughMaryhurthisfeelings,he________(forgive)herintheend.5.Theyarealways________(comment)onwhatI’mwearing.6.He________(leave)forGuangzhouintwohourstomeetwithhismanager.7.Soldiers________(march)upanddownoutsidethegovernmentbuildingsatthattime.8.They________(chat)merrilyviaSkypewhenthepowerwascutoff.9.Bytheendoftherun,allmystress________(disappear)andI’mreadytofacethenextdayatwork!10.Itisreportedthatthisorganization________(raise)over1,000,000dollarstohelpstudentsinremotemountainousareassofar.11.He________(intend)toparkherebutwasstopped.It’sanemergencyexit.12.They________(intend)toremovethethreattothedeerbysettingupnaturereserves,butinvain.13.They________(go)fishingifitdoesn’trainthisafternoon.14.TheStudentUnionisgoing________(hold)apaper-cuttingandtraditionalChinesepaintingcompetitionandthewinners’workswillbetodisplayinourschool’slibrary.15.Myuncle________(come)backfromabroadnextweek.16.Iwasn’tsurewhetherthepostman________(deliver)methepackageontime.17.LastSundayhepromisedhe________(come)buthehasn’tarriveduntilnow.18.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?—Hetoldmethathe________(visit)theDisneyWorldthenextday.19.Wewerenotsurewhethertheyweregoing________(grow)morevegetables.20.Fathersaidthathe________(take)metoBeijingthenextyear.II.閱讀理解(24-25高一下·湖南長沙·開學考試)Makingafilmislikesolvingacomplexpuzzle.Whileactorsandthestoryarewhatweseeonscreen,manypeopleworkbehindthescenestomakethemoviecomealive.Eachpersonhasauniqueroletoplayinbringingthefinalproducttolife.Thedirectorisoftenregardedastheleaderoftheproject.Theyguidetheactors,determinethevisualcompositionofeachscene,andcollaborate(合作)closelywiththecinematographertoselectthemosteffectivecameraanglesandlighting.Thecinematographer,alsoknownasthedirectorofphotography,isresponsibleforcapturingthefilm’svisualaesthetic.Theymanipulate(熟練操作)lightandshadowtocreatethedesiredmoodandatmosphere.Anotherkeypersonistheproductiondesigner,whooverseesthefilm’soveralllook.Theymakesureeverydetail,fromthesetstothecostumes,matchesthestory’ssettingandtone.Forexample,ifthefilmissetinahistoricalperiod,theproductiondesignerensuresthattheprops,clothing,andenvironmentsaccuratelyreflectthattime.Theyworkwithartdirectors,setdecorators,andcostumedesignerstocreateacohesive(協(xié)調的)andbelievableworld.Sounddesignersandeditorsalsoplayacrucialrole.Theyenhancethefilm’semotionalimpactbyaddingsoundeffects,backgroundnoises,andmusic.Withouttheircontributions,eventhemostexcitingsceneswouldlackdepthandintensity.Finally,theeditorcarefullyassembles(整合)thefootage,selectingthebesttakesandarrangingthemtocreateacompellingnarrative(扣人心弦的敘事).Thisprocess,whichcantakemonths,isessentialformakingsurethefilmflowssmoothlyandkeepstheaudienceengaged.1.Whodirectlyworkswithactorstodecidehowscenesshouldlook?A.Thecinematographer. B.Theproductiondesigner.C.Thedirector. D.Thesoundeditor.2.Theunderlinedword“aesthetic”inParagraph2mostcloselymeans_____________.A.emotionalimpact B.visualstyle C.historicalaccuracy D.storystructure3.Ifafilm’s1920ssettingfeelsunrealistic,whichrolelikelyfailedtheirjob?A.Theeditor. B.Theproductiondesigner.C.Thecinematographer. D.Thesounddesigner.4.Whymighteditingtakemonthstocomplete?A.Actorsneedtimetopreparetheirperformances.B.Selectingthebestshotsandorganizingthemcarefullytakestime.C.Creatingrealisticsoundeffectsrequiresmultipletries.D.Directorswanttogivecreativeimprovementsenoughtime.III.完形填空(24-25高一下·湖北孝感·開學考試)ItallbeganonMay13whenthebrakes(剎車)slammed(緊急制動).StudentstoldBBCNewsthattheywere“terrifiedand1”bythesuddenmotion.Then,they2andsawwhatwasgoingon.Thebusdriverwasunconscious(失去意識)—andseventhgraderDillonReeveshadgrabbedthesteeringwheel.SecuritycamerashowedthatDillonhadnoticedthedriverhavingamedical3,causingthebustomakeaturn.Theboyimmediatelysprangfromhisseat,tookthewheel,and4thebrakes,gainingcontrolofthesituationand5thedriverandhispassengers.“Ijustknewwhattodointhat6,”Dillonsaid.“Thebuswasturningofftheroad.”O(jiān)nestudentwhohadbeenonthebus7Dillonwithsavingthe“entirebus”withhis“quickactionsandthinking”,andby“being8”.WarrenConsolidatedSchoolssaidinanewsreleasethatdoctors9quicklyandtreatedthedriver.Thestudentswereplacedonanotherschoolbusand10home.HowhadDillonbeentheonlyonetonoticewhatwasgoingon?Whileotherkidshadbeenontheircellphones,listeningtomusic,or11focusedontheirelectronics,Dillondidn’thaveacellphonetodistracthimfromtheworldaroundhimor12hissituationalawareness.“Whatelseareyougoingtodowhenyoudon’t13acellphone?”SteveReevesasked.“You’regoingtolookatpeople.You’regoingto14stuff.You’regoingtolookoutofthewindow.Maybeitisaverypowerful15—achange-the-worldkind.”1.A.annoyed B.shocked C.delighted D.satisfied2.A.lookedback B.lookeddown C.lookedup D.lookedout3.A.emergency B.treatment C.service D.research4.A.figured B.stuck C.sought D.hit5.A.cheating B.losing C.collecting D.saving6.A.generation B.instant C.chance D.atmosphere7.A.applauded B.appointed C.exchanged D.replaced8.A.grateful B.romantic C.brave D.energetic9.A.indicated B.argued C.responded D.discovered10.A.transported B.decorated C.settled D.spotted11.A.therefore B.otherwise C.however D.eventually12.A.limit B.raise C.preserve D.prove13.A.permit B.bet C.pursue D.own14.A.absorb B.notice C.defend D.update15.A.lesson B.expression C.secret D.dealIV.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。(24-25高一下·湖北孝感·開學考試)InEastChina’sAnhuiprovince,12-meter-widealley(巷)separatesapairofgraywalls.Atfirstglanceitmayseeminsignificant,buttothose2knowitshistory,LiuchiAlleyinTongchengsymbolizesmuchmorethanitsprevious3(appe