高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1貴州省貴陽(yáng)某中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期高考適應(yīng)性月考（八）英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAJourneyThroughEurope’sIconicCitiesEuropeisacontinentrichinhistory,culture,andarchitecturalwonders.Fromancientruinstomodernmasterpieces,eachcityhasitsownuniquecharm.Let’sembarkonavirtualtouroffourofEurope’smostcaptivatingdestinations.Rome,ItalyOftenreferredtoasthe“EternalCity”,Rome,theheartoftheRomanEmpireanddatingbackto753BC,isalivingmuseum.TheColosseum,builtin80AD,couldhold80,000spectatorsforgladiatorialshows.AnothericoniclandmarkisthePantheon,aformerRomantemple,which,withitsmassiveconcretedome,oncetheworld’slargestforover1300years,amazeswithitsinterior.VaticanCitywithinRome,housingSt.Peter’sBasilicaandtheSistineChapel,famousforMichelangelo’sceilingpaintings,aremust-visitattractionswithintheVatican.Paris,FranceKnownasthe“CityofLight”,Parisisaglobalcenterforart,fashion,andculture.TheEiffelTower,builtin1889byGustaveEiffel,isoneofthemostrecognizablelandmarksintheworld.TheLouvreMuseum,housedinaformerroyalpalace,istheworld’slargestartmuseum.Itishometocountlessmasterpieces,includingtheMonaLisabyLeonardodaVinciandtheVenusdeMilo.Notre-DameCathedral,thoughdamagedbyfirein2019,remainsaniconicexampleofGothicarchitecture.Parisianstreets,cafes,andtheSeineRiveraddtoitscharm.Barcelona,SpainBarcelonaisacitythatcombinesmodernarchitecturewitharichculturalheritage.AntoniGaudí,oneofthemostfamousarchitectsintheworld,lefthisunfinishedmasterpiece.SagradaFamilia,underconstructionsince1882,andanotheruniqueandintricatedesignfromhim,ParkGüell,inspiredbynature,weremadeUNESCOWorldHeritagesites.Besides,theGothicQuarter,withitsancientbuildings,andthecity’sbeautifulbeachesarepopularamonglocalsandtouristsalike.Amsterdam,NetherlandsAmsterdam,Netherlands,isfamousforitscanals,bikes,andliberalculture.Itscanalsystem,aUNESCOsite,consistsof165canalsandover1,200bridges.Takingacanalcruiseisagreatwaytoseethecity’suniquearchitecture,includingthegabledhousesthatlinethecanals.TheVanGoghMuseumhousesthelargestcollectionoftheartist’sworks,providingafascinatinginsightintothelifeandworkofthisfamousartist.TheAnneFrankHousepreservesthehidingplacewhereshewroteherfamousdiaryduringWorldWarII.Withmorebikesthanpeople,Amsterdamtrulyembodiesauniquelifestyle.1.WhatistrueabouttheColosseuminRomeaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwasbuiltmorethan2000yearsago.B.ItonceservedasareligioussiteinancientRome.C.Itcouldholdalargenumberofspectators.D.ItisolderthanthePantheon.2.WhatdoParisandAmsterdamhaveincommon,basedonthetext?A.BothareknownforGothicarchitecture.B.Botharehometofamousartmuseums.C.BotharelistedasUNESCOWorldHeritagesites.D.Bothsuffereddamagetohistoriclandmarks.3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazineorwebsite.B.Apersonalblogentry.C.AtextbookonEuropeanhistory.D.Ascientificjournalarticle.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講述了一次對(duì)歐洲四個(gè)標(biāo)志性城市的虛擬之旅。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Rome,Italy部分的“TheColosseum,builtin80AD,couldhold80,000spectatorsforgladiatorialshows.(羅馬競(jìng)技場(chǎng)建于公元80年，可容納8萬名觀眾觀看角斗表演。)”可知，古羅馬競(jìng)技場(chǎng)可以容納大量觀眾。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Paris,France部分“TheLouvreMuseum,housedinaformerroyalpalace,istheworld’slargestartmuseum.(盧浮宮博物館坐落在一座前皇宮內(nèi)，是世界上最大的藝術(shù)博物館。)”及Amsterdam,Netherlands部分的“TheVanGoghMuseumhousesthelargestcollectionoftheartist’sworks(梵高博物館收藏了這位藝術(shù)家最大的作品)”可知，兩者都是著名美術(shù)館所在地。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Europeisacontinentrichinhistory,culture,andarchitecturalwonders.Fromancientruinstomodernmasterpieces,eachcityhasitsownuniquecharm.Let’sembarkonavirtualtouroffourofEurope’smostcaptivatingdestinations.(歐洲是一個(gè)歷史、文化和建筑奇跡豐富的大陸。從古老的廢墟到現(xiàn)代的杰作，每個(gè)城市都有自己獨(dú)特的魅力。讓我們開始一場(chǎng)虛擬之旅，游覽歐洲最迷人的四個(gè)目的地。)”可知，本文介紹了擁有迷人地標(biāo)和文化亮點(diǎn)的城市，因此本文最可能來自于旅游雜志或網(wǎng)站，故選A。BInlate2020,EradajereOleitafromDetroitcameacrossavideoexplaininghowtomakesleepingbagsfromusedchipbags.ConcernedaboutDetroit’scoldwintersandtheenvironmentalissuescausedbychipbags,whicharehardtorecycle,OleitadecidedtostarttheChipBagProject.Herideawassimple:collectusedchipbagstocreatesleepingbagsforthehomeless,whilealsoreducingwasteinthecommunity.OleitapostedarequestonInstagramaskingpeopletodonatechipbagsormoneytobuysleepingbags.Theprojectquicklygainedattention,andlocalbusinessesandvolunteersgotinvolved.Eachsleepingbagismadefrom150to300chipbags,whicharecleaned,cutopen,andfusedtogetherusinganiron.Thefinalproductiswaterproof,lightweight,anddurable.VolunteersfromtheChipBagProjectdistributethesleepingbagstohomelesspeopleonthestreetsofDetroit.Thisinitiativenotonlyhelpshomelessindividualsstaywarmbutalsoaddressesenvironmentalconcerns.IntheU.S.,peoplethrowawayaround5poundsoftrashperpersoneachday,muchmorethaninpreviousdecades.Bysalvagingchipbags,Oleita’sprojectreduceswasteandgivestheseitemsasecondlife.Despitechallenges,suchaslackingapermanentworkspace,theChipBagProjecthasexpanded.OleitapartneredwithCapeCodChips,whichprovidedmisprintedchipbags,reducingproductiontimesignificantly.Initsfirstyear,theprojectsaved2.5millionpoundsoffoilfromlandfillsandmade100sleepingbags.Oleitahopestoexpandtheinitiativenationwide,creatinggreenjobsandraisingawarenessaboutenvironmentalandsocialissues.Oleita’svisionistoturntheChipBagProjectintoalargerorganizationthatsupportsboththeenvironmentandvulnerablecommunities.4.WhatinspiredEradajereOleitatostarttheChipBagProject?A.Avideoshowinghowtoturnchipbagsintosleepingbags.B.Adesiretomakemoneyfromrecyclingchipbags.C.Agovernmentprogramsupportingenvironmentalprotection.D.Herwishtobecomeafamousenvironmentalist.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthesleepingbagsmadebytheChipBagProject?A.Eachbagismadeusingabout50chipbags.B.Theyareheavybutdurable.C.Theyarewater-resistantandeasytocarry.D.Theyaremadeonlyfromnewchipbags.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“salvaging”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Throwingsomethingaway.B.Reusingwastetomakesomethinguseful.C.Burningtrashtoprotecttheenvironment.D.Buyingrecycledproducts.7.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofOleita’sfuturegoalsfortheChipBagProject?A.Tocreateapermanentheadquartersfortheproject.B.Toprovidefinancialaidtohomelesspeople.C.Tomakemoreclothingfromchipbags.D.Tooffermoreemploymentandraiseenvironmentalawareness.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講述了來自底特律的EradajereOleita在2020年末發(fā)起ChipBagProject的故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inlate2020,EradajereOleitafromDetroitcameacrossavideoexplaininghowtomakesleepingbagsfromusedchipbags.ConcernedaboutDetroit’scoldwintersandtheenvironmentalissuescausedbychipbags,whicharehardtorecycle,OleitadecidedtostarttheChipBagProject.(2020年末，來自底特律的EradajereOleita偶然看到一段視頻，視頻介紹了如何用廢棄薯片包裝袋制作睡袋?？紤]到底特律冬季嚴(yán)寒，且難以回收的薯片包裝袋會(huì)引發(fā)環(huán)境問題，Oleita決定發(fā)起ChipBagProject)”可知，一段展示了如何把薯片袋變成睡袋的視頻激發(fā)了EradajereOleita開始ChipBagProject，故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefinalproductiswaterproof,lightweight,anddurable.(最終產(chǎn)品防水、輕便、耐用。)”可知，ChipBagProject制作的睡袋防水，便于攜帶。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Oleita’sprojectreduceswasteandgivestheseitemsasecondlife(Oleita的項(xiàng)目減少了浪費(fèi)，并賦予了這些物品第二次生命)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“Oleita的項(xiàng)目通過回收利用薯片包裝袋，減少了垃圾量，讓這些廢棄物得以“重獲新生”。”，劃線詞salvaging的意思是“回收利用”，和Reusingwastetomakesomethinguseful意思相近。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Oleitahopestoexpandtheinitiativenationwide,creatinggreenjobsandraisingawarenessaboutenvironmentalandsocialissues.(Oleita希望將這一項(xiàng)目推廣至全國(guó)，創(chuàng)造綠色就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，提高人們對(duì)環(huán)境和社會(huì)問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。)”可知，Oleita的目標(biāo)是提供更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，提高環(huán)保意識(shí)。故選D。CDuringherlunchbreak,28-year-oldLiQingvisitsawellnesscenterinChongqingforamassageandmoxibustionsession,atraditionalChinesemedicinetherapy.“Thisismysecretweaponagainstworkburnout,”shesays.HerexperiencereflectsagrowingtrendamongyoungChineseembracingwellnessasalifestyle.Ataherbalmilkteashopnearahospital,customerslineupfordrinkslikedarkplummilk.“WemixtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)withmodernflavorstoappealtoyoungerconsumers,”saysLiaoChangyingfromChongqingJiangbeiHospitalofTCM.Thehospitalhasseena30-35%riseinconsultationsasmoreyoungpeopleembraceTCM.Technologyisalsoshapingwellnesshabits.FitnessenthusiastLiuShitingchecksyogurtlabelsusingnutritionapps,whileprogrammerZhangYang’ssmartwatchremindshimtotakebreaksandpracticeBaduanjin,atraditionalexercise.Inearly2024,China’swearabledeviceshipmentsrose36.2%year-on-yearto33.67millionunits,showingastrongdemandforhealthtracking.Fromherbalteastosmartwatches,youngpeopleareblendingTCMwithmoderntechnology.AXinhuanetreportshowsthatthoseaged18to35nowmakeup83.7%ofChina’shealthconsumers.LiuJunkang,ahealthindustryexpert,notesthatyoungconsumersseekhighquality,personalizedwellnesssolutions.“Wellnessisnolongerjustadvicefromeldersbutameasurablepartofdailylife,”saysLiu.Youngpeopleareusingdatatocustomizetheirhealthroutines,modernizingTCM,andprioritizinghands-onwellnessexperiences.Thisnewgenerationisredefiningpreventivecare—oneherballatteandsmartwatchalertatatime.8.WhatdoesLiQing’sexperiencemainlyillustrate?A.ThepopularityofwellnesscentersinChina.B.Theincreasingworkpressureamongyoungpeople.C.Therisingawarenessofhealthamongtheyoungergeneration.D.Theeffectivenessofatraditionaltherapyinreducingburnout.9.Whatdoestheriseinsmartwatchsalessuggest?A.Peoplearespendingmoremoneyonfashionaccessories.B.Thereisagrowingdemandforreal-timehealthmonitoring.C.Traditionalexercisesarenolongerpopular.D.Mostpeoplewanttoreplacedoctorswithdevices.10.WhydoyoungChineseconsumerspreferblendingTCMwithmodernelements?A.Theywanttomakeherbalmedicinetastebetter.B.ThenumberofyoungpeoplevisitingTCMhospitalshasincreased.C.TraditionalChinesemedicineistoooutdated.D.Theylookforwellnesssolutionsthatfittheirlifestyle.11.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Wellnessisnowmainlydrivenbydigitalhealthtools.B.Youngpeopleareusingdatatocustomizetheirhealthroutines.C.Hands-onwellnessexperiencesarebecomingmorepopular.D.Youngpeoplearereshapinghowtheyapproachstayinghealthy.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)年輕人將中醫(yī)與現(xiàn)代科技相結(jié)合的健康養(yǎng)生趨勢(shì)，展現(xiàn)了他們健康意識(shí)的提升及對(duì)個(gè)性化養(yǎng)生方案的追求?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Duringherlunchbreak,28-year-oldLiQingvisitsawellnesscenterinChongqingforamassageandmoxibustionsession,atraditionalChinesemedicinetherapy.(在午休時(shí)間，28歲的李青來到重慶一家健康中心，接受中醫(yī)按摩和艾灸治療)”和“HerexperiencereflectsagrowingtrendamongyoungChineseembracingwellnessasalifestyle.(她的經(jīng)歷反映了中國(guó)年輕人中越來越多的人將健康養(yǎng)生作為一種生活方式的趨勢(shì))”可知，李青去進(jìn)行按摩和艾灸養(yǎng)生的經(jīng)歷體現(xiàn)出年輕一代健康意識(shí)的不斷提升。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Technologyisalsoshapingwellnesshabits.FitnessenthusiastLiuShitingchecksyogurtlabelsusingnutritionapps,whileprogrammerZhangYang’ssmartwatchremindshimtotakebreaksandpracticeBaduanjin,atraditionalexercise.Inearly2024,China’swearabledeviceshipmentsrose36.2%year-on-yearto33.67millionunits,showingastrongdemandforhealthtracking.(科技也在塑造健康習(xí)慣。健身愛好者劉世廷用營(yíng)養(yǎng)應(yīng)用查看酸奶標(biāo)簽，程序員張陽(yáng)的智能手表提醒他休息一下，練習(xí)八段錦——一種傳統(tǒng)的鍛煉。2024年初，中國(guó)可穿戴設(shè)備出貨量同比增長(zhǎng)36.2%，達(dá)到3367萬臺(tái)，顯示出對(duì)健康跟蹤的強(qiáng)勁需求)”可知，智能手表銷量的增長(zhǎng)表明人們對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)健康監(jiān)測(cè)的需求在增加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Fromherbalteastosmartwatches,youngpeopleareblendingTCMwithmoderntechnology.AXinhuanetreportshowsthatthoseaged18to35nowmakeup83.7%ofChina’shealthconsumers.

LiuJunkang,ahealthindustryexpert,notesthatyoungconsumersseekhighquality,personalizedwellnesssolutions.(從草藥茶到智能手表，年輕人正在將中醫(yī)與現(xiàn)代科技相結(jié)合。新華網(wǎng)的一份報(bào)告顯示，18歲至35歲的人群目前占中國(guó)保健品消費(fèi)者的83.7%。健康行業(yè)專家劉俊康指出，年輕消費(fèi)者尋求高質(zhì)量、個(gè)性化的健康養(yǎng)生解決方案)”可推知，中國(guó)年輕消費(fèi)者喜歡將中醫(yī)與現(xiàn)代元素相結(jié)合是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趯ふ疫m合自己生活方式的養(yǎng)生解決方案。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Wellnessisnolongerjustadvicefromeldersbutameasurablepartofdailylife,’saysLiu.Youngpeopleareusingdatatocustomizetheirhealthroutines,modernizingTCM,andprioritizinghands-onwellnessexperiences.Thisnewgenerationisredefiningpreventivecare(劉說：“健康養(yǎng)生不再只是長(zhǎng)輩的建議，而是日常生活中可衡量的一部分。”年輕人正在利用數(shù)據(jù)來定制他們的健康養(yǎng)生計(jì)劃，使中醫(yī)現(xiàn)代化，并優(yōu)先考慮親身體驗(yàn)的健康養(yǎng)生活動(dòng)。這一代年輕人正在重新定義預(yù)防保健)”可知，最后一段主要說明年輕人正在重塑他們保持健康的方式。故選D項(xiàng)。DImagineyou’rewalkingthroughaforestinthepast,wheredinosaurswanderedtheEarth.Youfindafruitlabeled“TasteaStegosaurus’sFavoriteFood!”Youholdasmalldeviceinyourmouth,andsuddenly,yourtongueisfilledwithasweet-and-sourtaste.Thiscouldsoonbepossible,thankstoanewdevicecalled“e-Taste.”It’sasmallcubethatallowspeopletotastethingswithoutactuallyeatingthem.Thedeviceworksbyemittingspecialliquidsthatcreatefivebasictastes:salty,sour,sweet,bitter,andumami.Here’showitworks:Whenyouholdthedeviceinyourmouth,andthesystemdetectsfoodinavirtualworld(likethe“Stegosaurus’sFavoriteFood”),e-Tasteemitsacombinationofchemicalsthatsimulatethetaste.Forexample,thesweet-and-sourfruitmightusechemicalslikeglucose(葡萄糖)andcitricacid(檸檬酸)tocreatethattaste.Rightnow,thetechnologyisstillindevelopment.Itcan’tyetsimulatesmellsortextures,butresearchersarealreadyworkingonthat.Theyhopetomakethedeviceevenbetterbyaddingtheabilitytoreproducesmellsanddifferenttexturesinthefuture.Thee-Tastetechnologyisanimportantbreakthroughinthefieldofbioengineering,whichisaboutcreatingtoolsthatworkwiththehumanbody.Inthefuture,deviceslikee-Tastecouldhelpdoctorscheckifpeople’ssensorysystemsareworkingcorrectly.Forexample,itmightbeusedtotestifthebrainisprocessingtastesproperly.Whilethere’sstillalongwaytogo,thee-Tasteshowsthattechnologycanimproveourlivesinnewandexcitingways.It’sjustthebeginningofwhatcouldbeanamazingfuturewheretechnologyandoursensesworktogether.12.Howdoese-Tastecreatethesensationoftaste?A.Byreleasingspecificchemicalsthatcreatedifferentflavors.B.Byusingsensorstodetectfoodandreleasingchemicalsaccordingly.C.Bysendingelectricalsignalstothebrain.D.Byusingavirtualrealityheadsettodetecttaste.13.Whatisapotentialfuturedevelopmentofthee-Tastetechnologyaccordingtothearticle?A.Itwillbeabletosimulatemorecomplextastesbeyondthebasicfive.B.Itwillcompletelyreplacetraditionalmethodsoftastingfood.C.Itwillbeupgradedwithsmellandtexturefeaturesinthefuture.D.Itwillonlysimulatetastesandneverinvolveanyothersensoryexperiences.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofe-Tastetechnology?A.Critical. B.Skeptical. C.Indifferent. D.Optimistic.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A.TheFutureofVirtualRealityinTastingB.ANewDeviceLetsYouTasteThingsWithoutEatingThemC.HowTechnologyIsReplacingTraditionalTastesD.TheRoleofSmellandTextureinVirtualEating【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了一種名為“e-Taste”的新型設(shè)備，該設(shè)備能讓人們?cè)诓粚?shí)際進(jìn)食的情況下品嘗到食物的味道?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thedeviceworksbyemittingspecialliquidsthatcreatefivebasictastes:salty,sour,sweet,bitter,andumami.(該設(shè)備的工作原理是釋放特殊液體，產(chǎn)生五種基本味道：咸、酸、甜、苦和鮮味。)”和第三段“e-Tasteemitsacombinationofchemicalsthatsimulatethetaste(e-Taste會(huì)釋放出一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)組合來模擬味道)”可知，e-Taste通過釋放特定的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來創(chuàng)造不同的味道。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theyhopetomakethedeviceevenbetterbyaddingtheabilitytoreproducesmellsanddifferenttexturesinthefuture.(他們希望通過在未來增加再現(xiàn)氣味和不同紋理的能力，使該設(shè)備變得更好。)”可知，e-Taste技術(shù)的潛在未來發(fā)展是它將在氣味和質(zhì)地方面進(jìn)行升級(jí)。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilethere’sstillalongwaytogo,thee-Tasteshowsthattechnologycanimproveourlivesinnewandexcitingways.It’sjustthebeginningofwhatcouldbeanamazingfuturewheretechnologyandoursensesworktogether.(雖然還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，但e-Taste表明，技術(shù)可以以新的、令人興奮的方式改善我們的生活。這只是科技和我們的感官一起工作的神奇未來的開始。)”可知，作者對(duì)e-Taste技術(shù)的未來持樂觀的態(tài)度。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Thiscouldsoonbepossible,thankstoanewdevicecalled“e-Taste.”It’sasmallcubethatallowspeopletotastethingswithoutactuallyeatingthem.(由于一種名為“e-Taste”的新設(shè)備，這可能很快就會(huì)成為可能。它是一個(gè)小立方體，可以讓人們?cè)诓怀詵|西的情況下品嘗食物。)”可知，本文主要講述了一種名為“e-Taste”的新型設(shè)備，該設(shè)備能讓人們?cè)诓粚?shí)際進(jìn)食的情況下品嘗到食物的味道，因此最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是B選項(xiàng)“ANewDeviceLetsYouTasteThingsWithoutEatingThem(一種新設(shè)備讓你無需進(jìn)食即可品嘗滋味)”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FourThingsYouCanDotoHelpFightClimateChangeFightingclimatechangerequiresglobalaction,butasindividuals,wecanalsoreduceourcarbonfootprintindailylife.Everyindividualaction,nomatterhowminor,contributestothelargerfightagainstclimatechange.____16____.____17____Frominstallingaheatpumptoloweringyourheating,therearemanywaystoimproveyourhome’senergyuseorreducewastedheat.Switchingfromagasoroilheatingsystemtoanelectricheatpumpcanreduceemissions.Inaddition,improvinginsulationinyourwalls,ceilings,andwindowshelpsbyreducingtheenergyneededtoheatyourhome,savingmoneyandloweringemissions.Expertssaydraught-proofingisoneofthecheapestandmosteffectivewaystodothis.EatLessRedMeatandReduceFoodWasteTheglobalfoodsystemcontributesaboutaquartertoathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.Differentfoodshavedifferentenvironmentalimpactsdependingonhowtheyareproduced.____18____.Besides,reducingfoodwaste,suchasbymakingsmallerportionsandsavingleftoversforlaterathome,canmakeabigdifference.DriveforLessEmissions____19____.Livingwithoutacarisoneofthebestwaystoreduceyourtransportationemissions,thoughthisisn’trealisticforeveryone.Smallactions,likewalking,cycling,orcarpooling,canstillhaveanimpact.Ifyoucan,switchingtoanelectriccarreducesemissionscomparedtopetrolcars.ThinkBeforeYouBuyAsinglepairofjeanscanproduceover30kgofcarbondioxideduringitslifetime.____20____.Repairingdamagedclothesorbuyingsecond-handcanalsohelplowerwaste.Manybrandsnowofferclothingrentalstoreduceenvironmentalimpact.A.ChangesinYourHome.B.InstallanElectricHeatPumpinYourHome.C.Evensmallchangescanmakeadifferenceinoureverydaychoices.D.Transportisresponsibleforaboutaquarterofallenergy-relatedemissions.E.Buyingclothesmadefromorganicmaterialscanhelpreducetheenvironmentalimpact.F.Reducingredmeat,suchasbeefandlamb,helpsloweremissionsduetotheirhighcarbonfootprints.G.Buyinghigh-quality,durableproductsinsteadofconstantlybuyingnewclothescanhelpreduceyourcarbonfootprint.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了個(gè)人可采取的四項(xiàng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的具體行動(dòng)?！?6題詳析】上文“Fightingclimatechangerequiresglobalaction,butasindividuals,wecanalsoreduceourcarbonfootprintindailylife.Everyindividualaction,nomatterhowminor,contributestothelargerfightagainstclimatechange.(應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化需要全球行動(dòng)，但作為個(gè)人，我們也可以在日常生活中減少碳足跡。每一個(gè)個(gè)人的行動(dòng)，無論多么微小，都對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的更大斗爭(zhēng)做出了貢獻(xiàn))”說明個(gè)人行動(dòng)對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的重要性?？仗幒蜕衔臑榭偨Y(jié)關(guān)系，需引出下文具體行動(dòng)建議。所以C項(xiàng)“即使是日常選擇中的小改變也能帶來不同”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳析】下文“Frominstallingaheatpumptoloweringyourheating,therearemanywaystoimproveyourhome’senergyuseorreducewastedheat.(從安裝熱泵到降低供暖，有很多方法可以改善家里的能源使用或減少浪費(fèi)的熱量)”本段主要討論了通過改善家庭能源使用或減少浪費(fèi)的熱量來減少碳足跡的方法，如安裝熱泵、降低供暖溫度、改善隔熱層等。空處為段落標(biāo)題，需概括本段主旨。所以A項(xiàng)“家中的改變”符合語(yǔ)境，作為段落標(biāo)題總領(lǐng)下文。故選A?！?8題詳析】上文“Theglobalfoodsystemcontributesaboutaquartertoathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.Differentfoodshavedifferentenvironmentalimpactsdependingonhowtheyareproduced.(全球食品系統(tǒng)約占所有溫室氣體排放量的四分之一到三分之一。不同的食物根據(jù)其生產(chǎn)方式對(duì)環(huán)境有不同的影響)”說明全球食品系統(tǒng)對(duì)溫室氣體排放的貢獻(xiàn)以及不同食物對(duì)環(huán)境的不同影響?？仗幒颓拔臑轫樈雨P(guān)系，具體說明減少紅肉的原因。所以F項(xiàng)“減少牛肉和羊肉等紅肉有助于降低排放，因?yàn)樗鼈兊奶甲阚E很高”符合語(yǔ)境，與下文“減少食物浪費(fèi)”并列。故選F?！?9題詳析】下文“Livingwithoutacarisoneofthebestwaystoreduceyourtransportationemissions,thoughthisisn’trealisticforeveryone.Smallactions,likewalking,cycling,orcarpooling,canstillhaveanimpact.Ifyoucan,switchingtoanelectriccarreducesemissionscomparedtopetrolcars.(沒有車的生活是減少交通排放的最佳方式之一，盡管這對(duì)每個(gè)人來說都不現(xiàn)實(shí)。步行、騎自行車或拼車等小動(dòng)作仍然會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。如果可以的話，與汽油車相比，改用電動(dòng)汽車可以減少排放)”說明了減少交通排放的方法，如選擇無車生活、步行、騎自行車、拼車或換用電動(dòng)汽車等?？仗幒拖挛臑榭偡株P(guān)系，需概括“交通領(lǐng)域的排放情況”。所以D項(xiàng)“交通約占所有能源相關(guān)排放的四分之一”符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文交通減排建議。故選D。【20題詳析】上文“Asinglepairofjeanscanproduceover30kgofcarbondioxideduringitslifetime.(一條牛仔褲在其生命周期內(nèi)可以產(chǎn)生超過30公斤的二氧化碳)”說明一條牛仔褲在其生命周期內(nèi)可以產(chǎn)生大量的二氧化碳。空處和上文為順接關(guān)系，具體說明購(gòu)買衣物時(shí)的減排措施。所以G項(xiàng)“購(gòu)買高質(zhì)量、耐用的產(chǎn)品，而不是不斷購(gòu)買新衣服，有助于減少碳足跡”符合語(yǔ)境，與下文“修補(bǔ)衣物、買二手衣”并列。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lastsummer,Ijoinedanadventureteamtoexploreatropicaljungle.Wewerewell-equippedwithnecessary____21____,firstaidkitsandadetailedmap,butlittledidweknowthatwewereabouttofacenumerouschallenges.Asweenteredthejungle,theairwashumidandfilledwiththe____22____ofvariousinsectsandbirds.Wehadtopushthroughthedensebush,whichwasoften____23____anddifficulttocross.Onthethirdday,welostourway.Thecompassseemedtobe____24____,andthemapwasoflittlehelpasthejunglelookedsosimilarineverydirection.Wetriedtofindlandmarks,buteverythingaroundusseemedto____25____together.Fearbeganto____26____intoourhearts,butweknewwehadtostaycalm.Wedecidedtoclimbatalltreetogetabetter____27____ofthesurroundings.Fromthetop,wesawasmallriverinthedistance.Rememberingthatriversusuallyleadtohuman____28____,wemadeourwaytowardsit.Finally,wereachedtheriver.Webuiltaraftand____29____downstream.Afterseveralhours,wesawasmallvillageontheriverbank.Thevillagers____30____uswithfoodandshelterandhelpeduscontacttheoutsideworld.Thisadventureinthejungletaughtmetheimportanceofperseveranceandteamworkinthe____31____ofdifficulties.Ialsogainedadeeper____32____forthepowerandmysteryofnature.____33____,Ialsolearnedalotabouttheecosystemofthejungle,likehowdifferentplantsandanimals____34____witheachother.Whenweleftthejungle,wecarefully____35____anytraceswemighthaveleftbehindtominimizeourimpactontheenvironment.21.A.materials B.furniture C.supplies D.goods22.A.sounds B.calls C.cries D.rhythms23.A.smooth B.thorny C.soft D.flat24.A.functional B.broken C.used D.old25.A.expand B.stand C.separate D.mix26.A.flood B.dive C.break D.fade27.A.landscape B.thought C.appearance D.view28.A.colonies B.shelters C.habitats D.nests29.A.swam B.crossed C.floated D.marched30.A.provided B.associated C.occupied D.equipped31.A.occasion B.face C.context D.shadow32.A.fear B.appreciation C.confusion D.guess33.A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Besides34.A.compete B.generate C.interact D.conflict35.A.ignored B.left C.found D.removed【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.C30.A31.B32.B33.D34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者去年夏天加入探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)探索熱帶叢林的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們裝備齊全，有必要的補(bǔ)給品、急救箱和詳細(xì)的地圖，但我們不知道我們將面臨無數(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)。A.materials材料；B.furniture家具；C.supplies補(bǔ)給品；D.goods貨物。根據(jù)上文“Wewerewell-equipped”可知，作者他們配備齊全，所以是帶了必要的補(bǔ)給品。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入?yún)擦謺r(shí)，空氣潮濕，充滿了各種昆蟲和鳥類的聲音。A.sounds聲音；B.calls電話；C.cries叫喊；D.rhythms節(jié)奏。根據(jù)下文“ofvariousinsectsandbirds”可知，叢林中充滿了各種昆蟲和鳥類的聲音。故選A。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不得不穿過茂密的灌木叢，那里常常荊棘叢生，難以穿越。A.smooth光滑的；B.thorny多刺的；C.soft軟的；D.flat平的。根據(jù)上文“densebush”和下文“difficulttocross”可知，灌木叢里有很多刺，很難穿越。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：指南針?biāo)坪鯄牧耍貓D也沒有什么幫助，因?yàn)閰擦謴母鱾€(gè)方向看起來都很相似。A.functional實(shí)用的；B.broken壞的；C.used用過的；D.old老的。根據(jù)下文“themapwasoflittlehelpasthejunglelookedsosimilarineverydirection”和“Wetriedtofindlandmarks”可知，作者他們的指南針好像壞了。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)噲D尋找地標(biāo)，但周圍的一切似乎都混在一起了。A.expand擴(kuò)大；B.stand站；C.separate使分開；D.mix混合。根據(jù)上文“thejunglelookedsosimilarineverydirection”可知，叢林環(huán)境相似，無法辨別方向，周圍的一切都好像混在一起了。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：恐懼開始涌入我們的內(nèi)心，但我們知道我們必須保持冷靜。A.flood涌入；B.dive潛入；C.break打破；D.fade逐漸消失。根據(jù)下文“intoourhearts”可知，恐懼涌入了作者的內(nèi)心。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們決定爬上一棵大樹，以便把周圍的景色看得更清楚。A.landscape景觀；B.thought想法；C.appearance外表；D.view視野。根據(jù)上文“Wedecidedtoclimbatalltree”可知，爬上高的樹是為了視野更好，為了把周圍的景色看得更清楚。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：記得河流通常通向人類的棲息地，我們朝它走去。A.colonies殖民地；B.shelters避難所；C.habitats棲息地；D.nests窩，巢。根據(jù)下文“wesawasmallvillageontheriverbank”可知，河流通常通向人類的棲息地。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)炝艘粋€(gè)木筏，順流而下。A.swam游泳；B.crossed穿過；C.floated漂浮；D.marched行進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文“Webuiltaraftand”可知，作者他們做了個(gè)木筏，沿著河漂下去。故選C。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┦澄锖妥∷椭覀兣c外界聯(lián)系。A.provided提供；B.associated使聯(lián)系；C.occupied占據(jù)；D.equipped配備。根據(jù)下文“uswithfoodandshelterandhelpeduscontacttheoutsideworld”可知，村民們給作者提供了食物和住所。故選A。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次叢林探險(xiǎn)教會(huì)了我在困難面前堅(jiān)持不懈和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。A.occasion場(chǎng)合；B.face正面；C.context背景；D.shadow影子。根據(jù)下文“ofdifficulties”可知，此處是指在困難面前堅(jiān)持不懈，inthefaceof意為“面對(duì)”。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我也對(duì)大自然的力量和神秘有了更深的欣賞。A.fear害怕；B.appreciation欣賞，感激；C.confusion困惑；D.guess猜測(cè)。根據(jù)下文“forthepowerandmysteryofnature”可知，作者對(duì)大自然的力量和神秘有了更深的欣賞。故選B。【33題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，我還學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于叢林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)，比如不同的植物和動(dòng)物是如何相互作用的。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.Besides此外。根據(jù)下文“Ialsolearnedalotabouttheecosystemofthejungle”可知，空后是補(bǔ)充說明，因此空處是“此外”。故選D。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，我還學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于叢林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)，比如不同的植物和動(dòng)物是如何相互作用的。A.compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B.generate生成；C.interact相互作用；D.conflict沖突，抵觸。根據(jù)上文“plantsandanimals”和下文“witheachother”可知，不同的植物和動(dòng)物是相互作用的。故選C。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們離開叢林時(shí)，我們小心翼翼地清除了任何可能留下的痕跡，以盡量減少我們對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。A.ignored忽視；B.left離開；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.removed去除。根據(jù)下文“anytraceswemighthaveleftbehindtominimizeourimpactontheenvironment”可知，作者他們?yōu)闇p少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，清除了自己留下的痕跡。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題，每空1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wearesurroundedby____36____invisiblekiller—noise.It’ssocommonthatwebarelynoticeit____37____(shorten)ourlives.Noisecausesheartattacks,type2diabetes,andislinkedtodementia(癡呆).Itsimpactgoesfarbeyond____38____(mere)physicaldamage,reachingourmentalwell-being.Sound____39____(detect)bytheearandsenttothebrain.Theamygdala(杏仁核)assessesemotions,partofourfight-or-flightresponse,likeanattackerapproaching.Thekeynumberf