2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)與理解技巧匯編考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.Markyouranswerontheanswersheet.Passage1Theproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmoderncommunication,creatingbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.Ononehand,theeaseandspeedwithwhichinformationcannowbesharedacrossvastdistanceshavefosteredglobalinterconnectednesslikeneverbefore.Socialmediaplatforms,instantmessagingservices,andvideoconferencingtoolshavemadeitpossibleforindividualsandorganizationstomaintainreal-timeconnectionsregardlessofgeographicalbarriers.Thishasprofoundimplicationsforbusiness,education,andpersonalrelationships,enablingcollaborativeworkonaninternationalscaleandfacilitatingtherapiddisseminationofideasandknowledge.Moreover,theaccessibilityofinformationhasbeengreatlyenhanced,allowingpeopletolearnnewskills,accessnews,andexplorediverseperspectiveswithremarkableease.However,thisdigitalrevolutionisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Theverytoolsthatfacilitateconnectioncanalsocontributetoisolationandsuperficialinteraction.Thephenomenonof"phubbing,"orphonesnubbing,whereindividualsprioritizetheirdevicesoverface-to-faceconversations,hasbecomeincreasinglycommoninsocialsettings.Furthermore,thecuratedandoftenidealizedversionsoflivespresentedonsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandanxietyamongusers.Theconstantbarrageofinformationandthepressuretoremainperpetuallyonlinecanalsocontributetomentalhealthissuessuchasstress,anxiety,anddepression.Additionally,concernsaboutdataprivacyandthepotentialformisuseofpersonalinformationbycorporationsandgovernmentsaddanotherlayerofcomplexitytothedigitalage.Despitethesechallenges,thetrajectoryofdigitalcommunicationsuggeststhatitsinfluencewillonlycontinuetogrow.Thedevelopmentofemergingtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligence,virtualreality,andtheInternetofThings(IoT)promisestofurtherintegratedigitaltoolsintoeveryaspectoflife.Whileitiscrucialtoaddressthenegativeimpactsofdigitaltechnologythroughmindfulusage,education,andregulation,thepotentialbenefitsintermsofconnectivity,accessibility,andefficiencyareimmense.Thekeyliesinharnessingthepowerofthesetoolsresponsiblytoenhancehumaninteractionandwell-beingratherthanallowingthemtodetractfromit.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthemajorbenefitsofdigitaltechnologyincommunicationisitsabilitytoA.reducetheneedforface-to-faceinteractions.B.fosterglobalinterconnectednessdespitegeographicalbarriers.C.createopportunitiesforincreasedisolation.D.enhancetheaccessibilityofinformationforpersonallearning.2.Theterm"phubbing"asusedinthepassagereferstoA.theactofusingmultiplesocialmediaplatformssimultaneously.B.thepracticeofignoringpeopleinfavorofone'sphoneduringsocialinteractions.C.thesharingofidealizedversionsofone'slifeonsocialmedia.D.thefeelingofanxietycausedbyconstantconnectivity.3.ThepassagesuggeststhatthecuratedversionsoflivesonsocialmediacanleadtoA.increasedglobalcollaborationinbusiness.B.enhancedaccessibilitytodiversenewssources.C.feelingsofinadequacyandanxietyamongusers.D.thedevelopmentofnewmentalhealthtreatments.4.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasapotentialnegativeconsequenceofthedigitalage?A.Theenhancementofmentalhealthduetoconstantconnectivity.B.Thedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesthatimprovecommunication.C.Theincreasedpressureonindividualstoremainperpetuallyonline.D.Thereductionofstresscausedbyeasyaccesstoinformation.5.TheauthorimpliesthatthefutureofdigitalcommunicationwilllikelyinvolveA.areductionintheuseofemergingtechnologies.B.agreaterfocusonaddressingthenegativeimpactsofdigitaltools.C.theintegrationofdigitaltoolsintoeveryaspectoflife.D.adecreaseintheaccessibilityofinformation.Passage2Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhasincreased.Atitscore,sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystemsandadvocatesforpracticesthatbalancethesethreedimensions.Environmentalsustainabilityfocusesonpreservingnaturalresourcesandecosystems.Thisinvolvesreducingpollution,minimizingwaste,conservingenergy,andpromotingtheuseofrenewableresources.Initiativessuchasreforestationprojects,theadoptionofsolarandwindenergy,andtheimplementationofrecyclingprogramsareexamplesofeffortsaimedatenvironmentalsustainability.Theseactionsarecrucialnotonlyforprotectingbiodiversitybutalsoformitigatingtheimpactsofclimatechange,whichposeaseverethreattoglobalecosystemsandhumansocieties.Socialsustainability,ontheotherhand,emphasizesthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources.Itinvolvesensuringaccesstobasicservicessuchashealthcare,education,andcleanwater,aswellaspromotingsocialjusticeandequality.Communitydevelopmentprograms,fairlaborpractices,andinitiativesthatsupportlocaleconomiesareexamplesofeffortsaimedatsocialsustainability.Byaddressingsocialinequalitiesandfosteringinclusivecommunities,societiescanbecomemoreresilientandcohesive.Economicsustainabilityseekstocreateprosperousandstableeconomieswithoutdepletingnaturalresourcesorcompromisingsocialequity.Thisinvolvespromotingsustainablebusinesspractices,investingingreentechnologies,andfosteringinnovationthatsupportslong-termeconomicgrowth.Circulareconomymodels,whichfocusonminimizingwasteandmaximizingthereuseofresources,andgreenfinancialproducts,suchassustainableinvestmentfunds,areexamplesofeconomicsustainabilitymeasures.Byintegratingsustainabilityintoeconomicplanning,businessesandgovernmentscancontributetoamoreresilientandequitableglobaleconomy.Achievingsustainabilityrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Policyinterventions,suchasregulationsandincentives,canplayacrucialroleinguidingsustainablepractices.Corporatesocialresponsibilityinitiativesandsustainableinvestmentstrategiescandriveeconomicsustainability.Moreover,individualactions,suchasadoptingsustainablelifestyles,participatingincommunityinitiatives,andmakinginformedconsumerchoices,areessentialforfosteringacultureofsustainability.Onlythroughcollaborativeeffortsacrossalllevelsofsocietycanthegoalofsustainabilityberealized.Questions:6.ThepassagedefinessustainabilityprimarilyintermsofA.economicgrowthandresourceexploitation.B.environmentalprotectionandsocialequity.C.theabilitytomeetcurrentneedswithoutcompromisingfutureopportunities.D.technologicaladvancementandindustrialdevelopment.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisanexampleofenvironmentalsustainability?A.Theimplementationofrecyclingprograms.B.Thepromotionofsocialjusticeandequality.C.Theadoptionofsustainableinvestmentstrategies.D.Thefocusoncorporatesocialresponsibilityinitiatives.8.ThepassagesuggeststhatsocialsustainabilityiscloselyrelatedtoA.economicsustainabilityandresourcedepletion.B.environmentaldegradationandclimatechange.C.communitywell-beingandequitableresourcedistribution.D.technologicalinnovationandeconomicgrowth.9.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheconceptofacirculareconomyasmentionedinthepassage?A.Aneconomicmodelthatprioritizestheexploitationofnaturalresources.B.Astrategythatfocusesonmaximizingwastegenerationforeconomicgain.C.Anapproachthataimstominimizewasteandmaximizethereuseofresources.D.Asystemthatencouragestherapiddevelopmentofnewtechnologies.10.TheauthorimpliesthatachievingsustainabilityrequiresA.primarilygovernmentinterventionandregulation.B.mainlyindividualactionsandconsumerchoices.C.collaborativeeffortsacrossalllevelsofsociety.D.afocusoneconomicgrowthattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Passage3Theroleofartificialintelligence(AI)insocietyisatopicofintensedebateandrapidevolution.ProponentsarguethatAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousindustries,fromhealthcareandtransportationtofinanceandentertainment,byautomatingtasks,improvingefficiency,andenablingnewcapabilities.ThedevelopmentofAI-poweredmedicaldiagnostics,autonomousvehicles,algorithmictradingsystems,andpersonalizedrecommendationenginesarejustafewexamplesofhowAIistransformingvarioussectors.Theseadvancementshavethepotentialtosignificantlyenhancehumanproductivity,improvequalityoflife,andaddresscomplexglobalchallengessuchasclimatechangeandresourcescarcity.However,therapidadvancementofAIalsoraisessignificantethicalconcernsandpotentialrisks.OnemajorconcernistheimpactofAIonemployment,asautomationcoulddisplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries.Whilenewjobsmaybecreated,thereisariskofwidespreadunemploymentandincreasedeconomicinequalityifthetransitionisnotmanagedproperly.Additionally,AIsystemsareonlyasunbiasedasthedatatheyaretrainedon,andthereisariskthatAIcouldperpetuateandamplifyexistingsocietalbiasesifnotcarefullydesignedandmonitored.Issuesrelatedtoprivacy,security,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologybymaliciousactorsarealsoofsignificantconcern.AnotherkeychallengeisthequestionofaccountabilityandtransparencyinAIsystems.AsAIbecomesincreasinglyintegratedintocriticalinfrastructureanddecision-makingprocesses,itisessentialtoensurethatthesesystemsaretransparent,explainable,andaccountable.The"blackbox"natureofsomeAIalgorithmsmakesitdifficulttounderstandhowdecisionsaremade,whichcanleadtomistrustandpotentialmisuse.DevelopingmethodstointerpretandexplainAIdecisions,aswellasestablishingclearlinesofresponsibilityforAIactions,arecrucialstepstowardbuildingtrustinAItechnology.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofAIappearstobeoneofcontinuedgrowthandintegrationintovariousaspectsofsociety.EffortsarebeingmadetoaddresstheethicalconcernsandpotentialrisksassociatedwithAIthroughresearch,regulation,andthedevelopmentofethicalguidelines.Forexample,theEuropeanUnion'sArtificialIntelligenceActisapioneeringpieceoflegislationaimedatestablishingaregulatoryframeworkforAIthatbalancesinnovationwithsafetyandethicalconsiderations.Additionally,thedevelopmentofAItechnologiesthataremoretransparent,explainable,andfairisapriorityforresearchersandpolicymakersworldwide.TheultimategoalistoharnesstheimmensepotentialofAIwhilemitigatingitsrisks.Thisrequiresacollaborativeapproachinvolvinggovernments,industryleaders,researchers,andthepublic.Byfosteringopendialogue,investinginresearchanddevelopment,andimplementingthoughtfulpolicies,societycanworktowardsensuringthatAIisdevelopedandusedinawaythatbenefitshumanityasawhole.Thechallengeliesinnavigatingthecomplexethical,social,andtechnicalissuesassociatedwithAItocreateafuturewhereAIisaforceforgood.Questions:11.ThepassagesuggeststhatoneofthemajorpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoA.createwidespreadunemploymentandeconomicinequality.B.perpetuateandamplifyexistingsocietalbiases.C.revolutionizenumerousindustriesandimprovehumanproductivity.D.raiseethicalconcernsandpotentialrisks.12.Theterm"blackbox"asusedinthepassagereferstoA.thephysicalhardwareusedinAIsystems.B.theopaquenatureofsomeAIalgorithmsthatmakesdecision-makingprocessesdifficulttounderstand.C.theethicalguidelinesdevelopedforAItechnology.D.theregulatoryframeworkestablishedforAIintheEuropeanUnion.13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisakeychallengerelatedtoAI?A.ThepotentialforAItoenhancehumanproductivityandimprovequalityoflife.B.ThelackofethicalconcernsandpotentialrisksassociatedwithAItechnology.C.ThequestionofaccountabilityandtransparencyinAIsystems.D.ThewidespreadadoptionofAIinvariousindustriesandsectors.14.ThepassagementionstheEuropeanUnion'sArtificialIntelligenceActasanexampleofA.amajorpotentialbenefitofAItechnology.B.akeychallengerelatedtoAI.C.aregulatoryframeworkforAIthatbalancesinnovationwithsafetyandethicalconsiderations.D.thelackofethicalguidelinesdevelopedforAItechnology.15.TheauthorimpliesthatthefutureofAIwilllikelyinvolveA.afocusonaddressingtheethicalconcernsandpotentialrisksassociatedwithAI.B.thecontinuedgrowthandintegrationofAIintovariousaspectsofsociety.C.acollaborativeapproachinvolvinggovernments,industryleaders,researchers,andthepublic.D.theabandonmentofAIresearchanddevelopmentduetoitschallenges.---試卷答案Passage11.B解析思路：文章第一段首句明確指出，“Ononehand,theeaseandspeedwithwhichinformationcannowbesharedacrossvastdistanceshavefosteredglobalinterconnectednesslikeneverbefore.”這直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B“fosterglobalinterconnectednessdespitegeographicalbarriers”（克服地理障礙促進(jìn)全球互聯(lián)）。2.B解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Thephenomenonof'phubbing,'orphonesnubbing,whereindividualsprioritizetheirdevicesoverface-to-faceconversations,hasbecomeincreasinglycommoninsocialsettings.”其中，“phonesnubbing”意為“忽視身邊的人而專(zhuān)注于手機(jī)”，與選項(xiàng)B“thepracticeofignoringpeopleinfavorofone'sphoneduringsocialinteractions”（社交互動(dòng)中忽視他人而偏愛(ài)手機(jī)的行為）意思一致。3.C解析思路：文章第二段明確指出，“Furthermore,thecuratedandoftenidealizedversionsoflivespresentedonsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandanxietyamongusers.”這直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C“feelingsofinadequacyandanxietyamongusers”（用戶(hù)感到不足和焦慮）。4.C解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Theconstantbarrageofinformationandthepressuretoremainperpetuallyonlinecanalsocontributetomentalhealthissuessuchasstress,anxiety,anddepression.”這表明“thepressuretoremainperpetuallyonline”（保持在線的壓力）是數(shù)字化時(shí)代的一個(gè)潛在負(fù)面后果，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C。5.C解析思路：文章第三段末尾提到，“Thetrajectoryofdigitalcommunicationsuggeststhatitsinfluencewillonlycontinuetogrow.Thedevelopmentofemergingtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligence,virtualreality,andtheInternetofThings(IoT)promisestofurtherintegratedigitaltoolsintoeveryaspectoflife.”這表明未來(lái)數(shù)字通信將涉及將數(shù)字工具整合到生活的方方面面，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C。Passage26.C解析思路：文章第一段定義部分明確指出，“sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”這直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C。7.A解析思路：文章第二段列舉環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的例子時(shí)提到，“Initiativessuchasreforestationprojects,theadoptionofsolarandwindenergy,andtheimplementationofrecyclingprogramsareexamplesofeffortsaimedatenvironmentalsustainability.”其中，“theimplementationofrecyclingprograms”（實(shí)施回收計(jì)劃）對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A。8.C解析思路：文章第三段討論社會(huì)可持續(xù)性時(shí)指出，“Socialsustainability,ontheotherhand,emphasizesthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources.”這表明社會(huì)可持續(xù)性與“communitywell-beingandequitableresourcedistribution”（社區(qū)福祉和資源公平分配）密切相關(guān)，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C。9.C解析思路：文章第三段在討論經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)性時(shí)解釋道，“Circulareconomymodels,whichfocusonminimizingwasteandmaximizingthereuseofresources,areexamplesofeconomicsustainabilitymeasures.”這定義了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)為“minimizingwasteandmaximizingthereuseofresources”（最小化浪費(fèi)和最大化資源再利用），對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C。10.C解析思路：文章第四段明確指出，“Achievingsustainabilityrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Policyinterventions,...corporatesocialresponsibilityinitiatives,...andindividualactions,...areessentialforfosteringa