2025年雅思閱讀理解長篇試卷：沖刺押題與策略指導考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______Passage1Theproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthewayhumansinteract,work,andconsumeinformation.Perhapsnowhereisthistransformationmoreevidentthanintheeducationsector.Traditionalmodelsofteaching,oftencentredaroundtheteacherasthesolesourceofknowledge,areincreasinglybeingsupplemented,andinsomecasesreplaced,bydigitalplatformsandresources.Thisshiftraisescriticalquestionsabouttheefficacyofdigitallearningtoolsandtheirimpactonstudentengagementandeducationaloutcomes.Proponentsofdigitaleducationarguethatitsflexibilityandaccessibilityoffersignificantadvantages.Onlineresourcesallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace,revisitcomplextopics,andaccessavastarrayofmaterialsbeyondtheconfinesofaphysicalclassroom.Forinstance,digitallibrariesprovideinstantaneousaccesstojournals,researchpapers,andmultimediacontentthatmightbeunavailableintraditionalsettings.Furthermore,interactiveelementssuchasquizzes,simulations,andeducationalgamescanmakelearningmoreengagingandcatertodifferentlearningstyles.Thispersonalisationisseenasakeybenefit,potentiallyleadingtoimprovedmotivationanddeeperunderstanding.However,criticscontendthattheover-relianceondigitaltoolscanleadtoseveraldrawbacks.Onemajorconcernisthepotentialfordecreasedface-to-faceinteraction,whichiscrucialfordevelopingsocialskillsandfosteringacollaborativelearningenvironment.Classroomdiscussions,groupprojects,andspontaneousexchangeswithpeersandteachersareintegralpartsoftheeducationalexperiencethatmaybediminishedinpurelyonlinesettings.Additionally,thereistheissueofthedigitaldivide;notallstudentshaveequalaccesstothenecessarytechnologyorreliableinternetconnections,potentiallyexacerbatingexistinginequalities.Anothersignificantconcernistheeasewithwhichstudentscanbecomedistracted.Theconstantlureofsocialmedia,onlineentertainment,andothernon-educationalcontentcansignificantlydetractfromlearningobjectives.Educationalinstitutionsareattemptingtonavigatethesechallengesbyintegratingdigitaltoolsthoughtfullyratherthanadoptingawholesaledigitaltransition.Manyschoolsanduniversitiesarenowemployingablendedlearningapproach,combiningonlineresourceswithtraditionalin-personteaching.Thishybridmodelaimstoleveragethebenefitsoftechnologywhileretainingtheessentialhumanelementofeducation.Forexample,digitalplatformsmightbeusedfordistributingcoursematerialsandassignments,whilelecturesandinteractivediscussionsremaintheresponsibilityofqualifiedinstructors.Thisbalancedapproachacknowledgesthelimitationsofdigitallearningwhileharnessingitspotentialtoenhancetheeducationalprocess.Thefutureofdigitaleducationappearspoisedforfurtherevolution.Advancementsinartificialintelligence(AI)andmachinelearningarelikelytoplayanincreasinglyprominentrole,offeringsophisticatedtoolsforpersonalizedlearning,automatedgrading,andintelligenttutoringsystems.Thesetechnologiescouldpotentiallyidentifyindividualstudentneedsandadaptthelearningcurriculumaccordingly,offeringunprecedentedlevelsofcustomization.However,thesuccessfulintegrationofthesetechnologieswilldependheavilyonongoinginvestmentinteachertraining,curriculumdevelopment,andinfrastructure.Furthermore,addressingtheethicalimplications,suchasdataprivacyandalgorithmicbias,willbeessentialasdigitaleducationbecomesmoresophisticated.Questions1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisconsideredamajoradvantageofdigitallearningresources?2.Whatspecificconcernsdocriticshaveregardingthesocialdevelopmentofstudentsinfullyonlineeducationalenvironments?3.Whatapproacharemanyeducationalinstitutionstakingtoutilizedigitaltoolseffectively?4.HowmightadvancementsinAIimpactthefutureofpersonalizedlearning?5.Theword'proliferation'inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)reductionb)standardizationc)expansiond)elimination6.Theword'supplemented'inthefirstparagraphcouldbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?a)replacedb)supportedc)ignoredd)contradicted7.Thepassagesuggeststhatinteractiveelementslikequizzescouldmakelearningmoreengagingbypotentiallycateringtowhichaspect?8.Whatisakeychallengehighlightedbycriticsconcerningdigitaleducationaccess?9.Whatdoesthepassageimplyabouttheroleofteachersinablendedlearningmodel?10.Thephrase'spontaneousexchanges'inthesecondparagraphrefersto:a)pre-plannedactivitiesb)planneddiscussionsc)unplannedinteractionsd)formallecturesPassage2Theconceptofsustainabilityhasmovedfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetotheforefrontofglobalpolicyagendasoverthepastfewdecades.Drivenbyincreasingawarenessofenvironmentaldegradation,resourcedepletion,andtheescalatingimpactsofclimatechange,nationsandorganizationsarenowactivelyseekingsustainablealternativesacrossvarioussectors.Whilesignificantprogresshasbeenmadeinareassuchasrenewableenergyadoptionandsustainableagriculture,challengesremaininachievingcomprehensiveenvironmentalsustainability.Acornerstoneofthesustainabilitymovementisthetransitiontowardsrenewableenergysources.Fossilfuels,despitetheircurrentprevalence,arefiniteandcontributeheavilytogreenhousegasemissionsandairpollution.Incontrast,solar,wind,hydroelectric,andgeothermalenergyoffervirtuallyinexhaustiblepowergenerationwithminimalenvironmentalimpact.Governmentsandcorporationsworldwideareinvestingbillionsinbuildingnewrenewableenergyinfrastructureandphasingoutcoal-firedpowerplants.However,thehighinitialcostsofrenewabletechnologiesandtheneedforsubstantialgridmodernizationpresentsignificanthurdlestothistransition.Furthermore,theintermittencyofsourceslikesolarandwindrequiresadvancementsinenergystoragesolutionstoensureastableandreliablepowersupply.Anothercriticalareawithinsustainabilityisfoodproductionandconsumption.Theconventionalagriculturalmodel,reliantonintensivefarmingpractices,contributestodeforestation,waterpollution,andsoildegradation.Sustainableagriculture,encompassingtechniquessuchascroprotation,organicfarming,permaculture,andagroecology,aimstominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhilemaintainingproductivity.Thesemethodsoftenfocusonenhancingbiodiversity,conservingwaterresources,andreducingrelianceonsyntheticpesticidesandfertilizers.Promotingsustainableconsumptionpatterns,includingreducedmeatconsumption,minimizingfoodwaste,andsupportinglocalfoodsystems,alsoplaysavitalroleinthiscontext.Yet,shiftingawayfromestablishedindustrialfoodchainsfacesresistanceduetoeconomicinterestsandconsumerhabits.Wastemanagementisyetanotherpivotalcomponentofthesustainabilitypuzzle.Thesheervolumeofwastegeneratedbymodernsocieties,particularlysingle-useplastics,posesaseverethreattoecosystemsandhumanhealth.Effectivewastereductionstrategiesinvolveminimizingconsumption,promotingreuse,andimplementingrobustrecyclingprograms.Developinginnovativerecyclingtechnologiescapableofprocessingcomplexmaterialslikemixedplasticsiscrucial.Additionally,waste-to-energyinitiativesaimtoconvertnon-recyclablewasteintousableheatorelectricity.Despitetheseefforts,globalwastegenerationcontinuestorise,highlightingtheneedformoreprofoundculturalshiftstowardsacirculareconomy,whereresourcesarekeptinuseforaslongaspossible,andwasteisminimized.Achievingtruesustainabilityrequiresaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmental,social,andeconomicconsiderations.Socialsustainabilityfocusesonensuringequitableaccesstoresources,promotingcommunitywell-being,andpreservingculturalheritage.Economicsustainabilityinvolvescreatingviablebusinessmodelsthatsupportlong-termenvironmentalhealthwithoutcompromisingsocialequity.Whiletheseinterconnecteddimensionsareincreasinglyrecognized,theirsimultaneousachievementremainsacomplexchallenge.Policyinterventions,technologicalinnovation,corporateresponsibility,andchangesinindividualbehaviourareallnecessaryingredientsforasustainablefuture.Collaborationacrossbordersandbetweendifferentsectorsisparamount,asenvironmentalissuesknownopoliticalorgeographicalboundaries.Thepathtowardssustainabilityislongandfraughtwithdifficulties,buttheurgencycannotbeoverstated.Theconsequencesofinaction—suchasrisingsealevels,morefrequentextremeweatherevents,andbiodiversitycollapse—arebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Whilethechallengesaresubstantial,historyhasshownthatconcertedglobaleffortcandrivetransformativechange.Byembracingsustainablepracticesandmakingconsciouschoices,individuals,communities,businesses,andgovernmentscancontributetoahealthierplanetandamoreequitableworldforfuturegenerations.Questions11.Whatfundamentalchangehasoccurredregardingthetopicofsustainabilityinrecentdecades?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemaindrawbacksassociatedwithfossilfuels?13.Whatspecificobstaclesarementionedinthepassageconcerningthelarge-scaleimplementationofrenewableenergy?14.Whatdoestheterm'agroecology'likelyrefertointhecontextofsustainableagriculture?15.Theword'pivotal'inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)secondaryb)optionalc)essentiald)superficial16.Whatproblemdoestheincreaseinsingle-useplasticsposeaccordingtothepassage?17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasastrategyforwastereduction?a)encouragingreuseb)increasingconsumptionc)improvingrecyclingd)developingnewtechnologies18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyaspectofsocialsustainability?19.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisrequiredtoachievetruesustainability?20.Thephrase'fraughtwithdifficulties'inthefinalparagraphmeans:a)easyandstraightforwardb)freefromchallengesc)filledwithobstaclesd)lackingimportance試卷答案1.Accesstoavastarrayofmaterialsbeyondtheconfinesofaphysicalclassroom.解析：題目問數(shù)字學習資源的優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)文章第一段，支持者認為在線資源的一個主要優(yōu)勢是它們允許學生按自己的節(jié)奏學習，并能訪問物理課堂之外的大量材料（"allowstudentstolearnattheirownpace,revisitcomplextopics,andaccessavastarrayofmaterialsbeyondtheconfinesofaphysicalclassroom"）。2.Decreasedface-to-faceinteraction,whichiscrucialfordevelopingsocialskillsandfosteringacollaborativelearningenvironment.解析：題目問批評者對全在線教育環(huán)境中學生社會發(fā)展的具體擔憂。根據(jù)文章第二段，批評者認為過度依賴數(shù)字工具的一個主要擔憂是減少了面對面互動（"decreasedface-to-faceinteraction"），而作者接著解釋了面對面互動對于發(fā)展社交技能和培養(yǎng)協(xié)作學習環(huán)境至關(guān)重要（"crucialfordevelopingsocialskillsandfosteringacollaborativelearningenvironment"）。3.Integratingdigitaltoolsthoughtfullyratherthanadoptingawholesaledigitaltransition./Ablendedlearningapproach,combiningonlineresourceswithtraditionalin-personteaching.解析：題目問許多教育機構(gòu)為有效利用數(shù)字工具采取了什么方法。根據(jù)文章第三段，為了有用地利用數(shù)字工具，許多學校和大學現(xiàn)在正采用一種有意義的集成方法，而不是全面的數(shù)字化過渡（"integratingdigitaltoolsthoughtfullyratherthanadoptingawholesaledigitaltransition"）。該段末尾進一步說明，這種混合模式旨在利用技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢，同時保留教育的必要人文元素（"Thishybridmodelaimstoleveragethebenefitsoftechnologywhileretainingtheessentialhumanelementofeducation"），即將在線資源與傳統(tǒng)的面對面教學相結(jié)合。4.Byidentifyingindividualstudentneedsandadaptingthelearningcurriculumaccordingly,offeringunprecedentedlevelsofcustomization.解析：題目問人工智能（AI）如何影響個性化學習的未來。根據(jù)文章第四段，人工智能和機器學習的進步可能將在個性化學習和自適應輔導系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮越來越突出的作用（"Advancementsinartificialintelligence(AI)andmachinelearningarelikelytoplayanincreasinglyprominentrole,offeringsophisticatedtoolsforpersonalizedlearning..."）。該段接著說明，這些技術(shù)能夠識別個別學生的需求并相應地調(diào)整學習課程（"Thesetechnologiescouldpotentiallyidentifyindividualstudentneedsandadaptthelearningcurriculumaccordingly"），提供前所未有的個性化水平。5.c)expansion解析：題目要求找出'proliferation'在第一段中最接近的意思。'Proliferation'意為迅速而大量地增長或擴散。選項c)'expansion'意為擴張、增長，與'proliferation'的意思最為接近。6.b)supported解析：題目要求找出可以替換第一段中'supplemented'且意思相近的詞。'Supplemented'意為補充。選項b)'supported'意為支持、補充，與'supplemented'的意思最為接近。7.Differentlearningstyles.解析：題目問互動元素（如測驗）如何通過可能迎合哪個方面來使學習更具吸引力。根據(jù)文章第二段，互動元素如測驗、模擬和教育游戲可以使學習更具吸引力，并通過迎合不同的學習風格來做到這一點（"interactiveelementssuchasquizzes,simulations,andeducationalgamescanmakelearningmoreengagingandcatertodifferentlearningstyles"）。8.Thehighinitialcostsofrenewabletechnologiesandtheneedforsubstantialgridmodernization/Thelackofequalaccesstonecessarytechnologyorreliableinternetconnections.解析：題目問批評者提到的一個關(guān)于數(shù)字教育獲取的關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)。文章第二段提到了過渡到可再生能源的障礙，即高昂的初始成本和大規(guī)模電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化需求（"highinitialcostsofrenewabletechnologiesandtheneedforsubstantialgridmodernization"）。第三段則明確指出了數(shù)字鴻溝問題，即并非所有學生都有平等獲取必要技術(shù)或可靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接的機會（"notallstudentshaveequalaccesstothenecessarytechnologyorreliableinternetconnections"）。這兩個都可以是關(guān)于獲取的挑戰(zhàn)。9.Retainingtheessentialhumanelementofeducation/Responsiblefordeliveringlecturesandinteractivediscussions.解析：題目問在混合學習模式中，教師的作用是什么。根據(jù)文章第三段，混合模式旨在利用技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢，同時保留教育的必要人文元素（"Thishybridmodelaimstoleveragethebenefitsoftechnologywhileretainingtheessentialhumanelementofeducation"）。并且，該段提到數(shù)字平臺可能用于分發(fā)材料和作業(yè)，而講座和互動討論仍然是合格教師的責任（"digitalplatformsmightbeusedfordistributingcoursematerialsandassignments,whilelecturesandinteractivediscussionsremaintheresponsibilityofqualifiedinstructors"）。10.c)unplannedinteractions解析：題目要求找出'.spontaneousexchanges'在第二段中的指代。根據(jù)上下文，spontaneousexchanges（自發(fā)的交流）是與計劃的活動（plannedactivities）和正式講座（formallectures）相對的，指的是課堂中非計劃性的、自然的互動（"classroomdiscussions,groupprojects,andspontaneousexchangeswithpeersandteachers"）。11.Ithasmovedfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetotheforefrontofglobalpolicyagendas.解析：題目問關(guān)于可持續(xù)性主題在近幾十年發(fā)生了什么根本性變化。根據(jù)文章第一段，可持續(xù)性概念已經(jīng)從公共話語的邊緣轉(zhuǎn)移到全球政策議程的前沿（"Theconceptofsustainabilityhasmovedfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetotheforefrontofglobalpolicyagendas"）。12.Theyarefiniteandcontributeheavilytogreenhousegasemissionsandairpollution.解析：題目問根據(jù)文章，與化石燃料相關(guān)的缺點是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，批評者指出化石燃料的主要缺點是它們是有限的（"finite"），并且它們對溫室氣體排放和空氣污染做出了巨大貢獻（"contributeheavilytogreenhousegasemissionsandairpollution"）。13.Highinitialcostsofrenewabletechnologiesandtheneedforsubstantialgridmodernization/Theintermittencyofsourceslikesolarandwindrequiresadvancementsinenergystoragesolutions.解析：題目問文章中提到的關(guān)于大規(guī)模實施可再生能源的主要障礙是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，實現(xiàn)這一轉(zhuǎn)型的主要障礙包括可再生能源技術(shù)的高初始成本（"highinitialcostsofrenewabletechnologies"）和實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定可靠電力供應所需的重大電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化（"theneedforsubstantialgridmodernizationtoensureastableandreliablepowersupply"）。此外，太陽能和風能等資源的間歇性需要能源存儲解決方案的進步（"Theintermittencyofsourceslikesolarandwindrequiresadvancementsinenergystoragesolutions"）也是障礙。14.Techniquessuchascroprotation,organicfarming,permaculture,andagroecologythataimtominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhilemaintainingproductivity.解析：題目問在可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的背景下，'agroecology'可能指的是什么。根據(jù)文章第三段，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)包括諸如輪作、有機農(nóng)業(yè)、永續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學等技術(shù)（"encompassingtechniquessuchascroprotation,organicfarming,permaculture,andagroecology"），旨在在保持