量子保密通信及相關(guān)協(xié)議分析概述目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u21792量子保密通信及相關(guān)協(xié)議分析概述 [19]通信過程如下，接收方Bob制備一批四種不同偏振態(tài)的單光子，偏振態(tài)分別為，，，，并將這批光子傳輸給Alice。Alice方在經(jīng)過竊聽檢測(cè)確認(rèn)信道安全之后，對(duì)偏振光子進(jìn)行編碼操作。每個(gè)光子用和兩種操作之一編碼，代表信息0，代表信息1。 式（STYLEREF1\s2SEQ式（\*ARABIC\s169） 式（STYLEREF1\s2SEQ式（\*ARABIC\s170）操作可以使每個(gè)態(tài)翻轉(zhuǎn)， 式（STYLEREF1\s2SEQ式（\*ARABIC\s171）編碼之后Alice將單光子序列傳輸回去。依據(jù)每個(gè)光子的原本的偏振態(tài)，Bob應(yīng)用原本的制備基去測(cè)量每一個(gè)光子，對(duì)應(yīng)和的編碼規(guī)則，推算出Alice所要傳達(dá)的信息。ory,theChurch–Turingprincipleandtheuniversalquantumcomputer[J].ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyofLondon.A.MathematicalandPhysicalSciences,1985,400(1818):97-117.王永利,徐秋亮.量子計(jì)算與量子密碼的原理及研究進(jìn)展綜述[J].計(jì)算機(jī)研究與發(fā)展,2020,57(10):2015-2026.WoottersWK,ZurekWH.Asinglequantumcannotbecloned[J].Nature,1982,299(5886):802-803.AchuthanP,VenkatesanK.Generalprinciplesofquantummechanics[J].HandbuchderPhysik,1958,5(Part1).李科.關(guān)于量子信道容量的研究[D].中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué),2009.陳小余.量子信道容量研究[D].浙江大學(xué),2002.BennettCH,BrassardG,CrépeauC,etal.TeleportinganunknownquantumstateviadualclassicalandEinstein-Podolsky-Rosenchannels[J].Physicalreviewletters,1993,70(13):1895.HilleryM,Bu?ekV,BerthiaumeA.Quantumsecretsharing[J].PhysicalReviewA,1999,59(3):1829.龍桂魯,王川,李巖松,等.量子安全直接通信[J].中國(guó)科學(xué):物理學(xué)力學(xué)天文學(xué),2011,41:332-342.BennettCH,BrassardG.Quantumcryptography:Publickeydistributionandcointossing[J].arXivpreprintarXiv:2003.06557,2020.EkertAK.QuantumcryptographybasedonBell’stheorem[J].Physicalreviewletters,1991,67(6):661.BennettCH.Quantumcryptographyusinganytwononorthogonalstates[J].Physicalreviewletters,1992,68(21):3121.李冬芬,王瑞錦,張鳳荔,等.噪聲信道下量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議研究綜述[J].電子科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2018,47(1):73-79.BouwmeesterD,PanJ,MattleK,etal.Experimentalquantumteleportation[J].Nature,1997,390(6660):575-579.LloydS,ShapiroJH,WongFNC,etal.InfrastructureforthequantumInternet[J].ACMSIGCOMMComputerCommunicationReview,2004,34(5):9-20.龍桂魯.量子安全直接通信原理與研究進(jìn)展[J].信息通信技術(shù)與政策,2020(7):10-19.LongGL,LiuXS.Theoreticallyefficienthigh-capacityquantum-key-distributionscheme[J].PhysicalReviewA,2002,65(3):032302.DengFG,LongGL,LiuXS.Two-stepquantumdirectcommunicationprotocolusingtheEinstein-Podolsky-Rosenpairblock[J].PhysicalReviewA,2003,68(4):042317.DengFG,LongGL.Securedirectcommunicationwithaquantumone-timepad[J].PhysicalReviewA,2004,69(5):052319.WangC,DengFG,LiYS,eta