2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解經(jīng)典題型解題技巧與策略專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解directions:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidpaceoftechnologicalchangeinrecentdecadeshasledtounprecedentedlevelsofinnovation,transformingnearlyeveryaspectofmodernlife.Fromsmartphonesandartificialintelligencetobiotechnologyandrenewableenergy,newdevelopmentspromisetosolveoldproblemsandcreatenewopportunities.However,thisrelentlessdriveforprogressalsoraisesprofoundethicalquestionsthatsocietymustconfront.Onemajorconcernistheimpactofautomationonemployment.Asmachinesandalgorithmsbecomemoresophisticated,theyareincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.Whilethiscanleadtoincreasedefficiencyandthecreationofnewjobsindifferentsectors,italsothreatenstodisplacemillionsofworkers,particularlyinindustriesreliantonroutinemanualorcognitivelabour.Thedisplacementofworkersisnotjustaneconomicissue;itcarriessignificantsocialconsequences,includingincreasedinequalityandthepotentialforwidespreadsocietalunrestifdisplacedpopulationsarenotadequatelysupportedandretrained.Anothercriticalethicalissuerevolvesarounddataprivacyandsecurity.Thedigitalagehasmadeitpossibletocollectandanalyzevastamountsofpersonaldata,offeringbenefitslikepersonalizedservicesandimprovedpublichealthmonitoring.Yet,thisdatacollectionoftenoccurswithlittletransparencyorconsentfromindividuals,creatingvulnerabilitiestomisusebycorporationsorgovernments.Thepotentialforsurveillance,manipulation,andtheerosionofpersonalautonomyinthedigitalrealmposesafundamentalchallengetoindividuallibertyandthedemocraticprocess.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofpowerfultechnologieslikeartificialgeneralintelligence(AGI)raiseslong-termexistentialquestions.WhileAGIholdsthepotentialtosolvesomeofhumanity'smostcomplexchallenges,itscreationcouldalsoposeunforeseenrisksifitsgoalsarenotalignedwithhumanvaluesorifitsurpasseshumancontrol.Navigatingthedevelopmentanddeploymentofsuchpowerfultoolsrequirescarefulconsiderationandinternationalcooperationtoensuretheyareusedforthebenefit,notthedetriment,ofhumanity.Thesearejustafewexamplesoftheethicaldilemmaspresentedbymoderntechnologicaladvancements.Addressingthemrequiresamulti-facetedapproachinvolvingpolicymakers,technologists,ethicists,andthepublic.Opendialogue,robustregulation,andacommitmenttoethicalprinciplesinthedesignandimplementationofnewtechnologiesareessentialtoharnesstheirbenefitswhilemitigatingtheirpotentialharms.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemaineconomicandsocialconsequencesofautomation?3.Thepassagesuggeststhatthecollectionandanalysisofvastamountsofpersonaldataposewhatkindofchallenge?4.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthedevelopmentofartificialgeneralintelligence(AGI)?5.Whatapproachdoestheauthorrecommendforaddressingtheethicaldilemmasassociatedwithtechnologicaladvancements?PassageTwoInrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingglobalawarenessoftheurgentneedtoaddressclimatechange.Governments,organizations,andindividualsareincreasinglyrecognizingthattheconsequencesofinaction—suchasrisingsealevels,extremeweatherevents,andbiodiversityloss—aretooseveretoignore.Thisawarenesshasspurredavarietyofinitiativesaimedatmitigatingclimatechangeandadaptingtoitsinevitableimpacts.Oneofthemostsignificantareasoffocushasbeenthetransitiontorenewableenergysources.Solar,wind,hydroelectric,andotherformsofcleanenergyarebecomingincreasinglycost-competitivewithtraditionalfossilfuels,makingthemviablealternativesforpoweringhomes,businesses,andentirenations.Governmentsaroundtheworldareimplementingpoliciestoincentivizetheadoptionofrenewableenergytechnologies,suchassubsidies,taxcredits,andrenewableportfoliostandards.Additionally,advancementsinenergystoragesolutionsareaddressingtheintermittencyissuesassociatedwithsolarandwindpower,makingrenewableenergysourcesmorereliableandaccessible.Anothercriticalcomponentofclimatechangemitigationinvolvesreducinggreenhousegasemissionsfromvarioussectors,particularlytransportationandindustry.Electrifyingtransportationfleets,improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildingsandmanufacturingprocesses,anddevelopingnewlow-carbonindustrialtechnologiesareallessentialsteps.Furthermore,effortstoreducedeforestationandpromotereforestationplayacrucialrole,asforestsactassignificantcarbonsinks.Thesemeasuresnotonlyhelptoreduceemissionsbutalsocontributetothepreservationofbiodiversityandthehealthofecosystems.Despitetheseefforts,achievingsignificantprogressincombatingclimatechangeremainsaformidablechallenge.Thetransitionawayfromestablishedindustriesandenergysystemsrequiressubstantialinvestmentandpoliticalwill.Moreover,globalcooperationisessential,asclimatechangeisatransboundaryissuethataffectsallcountries,regardlessoftheirhistoricalcontributiontoemissions.Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,provideaframeworkforcollaboration,buttranslatingthesecommitmentsintoconcreteactionsandensuringcomplianceremainsachallenge.Thepassagehighlightsthemultifacetednatureoftheclimatechangechallengeandthediversearrayofsolutionsbeingpursued.Whilethepathforwardiscomplexandrequiressustainedeffort,theincreasingglobalawarenessoftheproblemandtheinnovativesolutionsbeingdevelopedofferreasonsforhope.Continuedinvestmentinresearchanddevelopment,coupledwithambitiouspolicyimplementationsandwidespreadsocietalengagement,willbecrucialinshapingamoresustainablefuturefortheplanet.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatfactorsaremakingrenewableenergymoreviable?8.Besidestransportationandindustry,whatothersectorismentionedasbeingimportantforreducinggreenhousegasemissions?9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasamajorchallengeinachievingsignificantprogressagainstclimatechange?10.Thepassageimpliesthatinternationalcooperationisimportantforaddressingclimatechangebecauseofwhatreason?PassageThreeTheconceptof"community"hasevolvedsignificantlyovertime,reflectingbroaderchangesinsocialstructures,technology,andindividuallifestyles.Historically,communitieswereoftengeographicallydefined,characterizedbyface-to-faceinteractions,sharedculturalpractices,andastrongsenseofmutualdependence.However,theriseofdigitaltechnologyandincreasedmobilityhavetransformedthenatureofcommunities,givingrisetonewformsofsocialconnectionthatareoftenlessgeographicallyconstrained.Onlinecommunities,facilitatedbysocialmediaplatforms,forums,andotherdigitalspaces,havebecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Thesecommunitiesbringtogetherindividualswhosharecommoninterests,hobbies,orexperiences,regardlessoftheirphysicallocation.Whiletheyoffernumerousbenefits,suchasprovidingsupportnetworks,facilitatinginformationsharing,andenablingconnectionswithlike-mindedindividuals,theyalsopresentcertainchallenges.Issueslikeonlineharassment,thespreadofmisinformation,andthepotentialforalgorithmicechochamberscannegativelyimpactmembers'well-beingandthehealthofthecommunityitself.Furthermore,thelackofphysicalproximitycansometimeshinderthedevelopmentofthedeep,trust-basedrelationshipsthatareoftencharacteristicoftraditionalcommunities.Theimpactofdigitaltechnologyontraditional,geographically-basedcommunitiesisalsosignificant.Whiletechnologycanfacilitatecommunicationandconnectionamongcommunitymembers,itcanalsoleadtosocialfragmentation.Forinstance,theincreasedtimespentondigitaldevicesmayreduceopportunitiesforin-personinteractions,potentiallyweakeningthesocialfabricthatholdscommunitiestogether.Additionally,economicchangesandglobalizationcanleadtothedeclineoflocalindustriesandthemigrationofpopulations,furtheralteringthecompositionanddynamicsoftraditionalcommunities.Despitethesechallenges,theconceptofcommunitycontinuestoresonatestronglyinthemodernworld.Thereisagrowingrecognitionthatstrongsocialconnectionsareessentialforindividualwell-beingandthehealthofsocietyasawhole.Thishasledtoeffortstofosterbothonlineandtraditionalcommunitiesthatareinclusive,supportive,andresilient.Initiativesfocusedonbuildinglocalnetworks,promotingdigitalliteracy,andencouragingcivicengagementaimtostrengthensocialbondsinanincreasinglycomplexandinterconnectedworld.Thepassageexploresthechangingnatureofcommunitiesinthedigitalage.Ithighlightsboththeopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbynewformsofsocialconnectionwhileacknowledgingtheongoingimportanceofstrongcommunitytiesforindividualandsocietalwell-being.Balancingthebenefitsofdigitalinteractionwiththeneedformeaningful,face-to-faceengagementwillbecrucialforshapingvibrantandsupportivecommunitiesinthefuture.Questions:11.Whathasbeentheprimarydriveroftheevolutionoftheconceptof"community"mentionedinthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthebenefitsofonlinecommunities?13.Thepassagesuggeststhatdigitaltechnologycanhaveanegativeimpactontraditionalcommunitiesinwhatway?14.Whatisakeychallengementionedinthepassageforfosteringstrongandinclusivecommunitiesinthemodernworld?15.Basedonthepassage,whatwillbeimportantforshapingvibrantcommunitiesinthefuture?PassageFourEffectiveleadershipisacriticalfactorinthesuccessofanyorganization,whetheritbeabusiness,anon-profitgroup,oragovernmentagency.Whileleadershiptheoriesabound,certaincoreprinciplesconsistentlyemergeasessentialforleaderswhoaimtoinspireandguidetheirteamstowardsachievingcommongoals.Theseprinciplesarenotonlyaboutmakingdecisionsandmanagingresourcesbutalsoaboutfosteringapositiveorganizationalcultureandbuildingstrongrelationshipswithteammembers.Onefundamentalaspectofeffectiveleadershipistheabilitytocommunicateclearlyandtransparently.Leadersneedtoarticulateacompellingvisionforthefuture,explainingtheorganization'sgoals,thereasonsbehindthem,andhowindividualcontributionsfitintothelargerpicture.Clearcommunicationalsoinvolvesbeingaccessibletoteammembers,listeningtotheirconcerns,andprovidingtimelyfeedback.Whenleaderscommunicateeffectively,theybuildtrustandfosterasenseofsharedpurpose,whichareessentialformotivatingemployeesandfosteringcollaboration.Anotherkeyelementisthecapacitytoinspireandmotivateothers.Greatleadersareabletoconnectwiththeirteammembersonapersonallevel,understandingtheirindividualmotivationsandstrengths.Theyrecognizeandappreciatethehardworkoftheiremployees,providingencouragementandrecognition.Furthermore,theypossesstheabilitytostayoptimisticandresilientinthefaceofchallenges,projectingapositiveattitudethatcanhelptoenergizeandrallytheteam.Thisabilitytoinspireisparticularlyimportantduringtimesofchangeordifficulty,whenitcanhelptomaintainmoraleandfocus.Effectiveleadersalsounderstandtheimportanceofempoweringtheirteammembers.Thisinvolvesdelegatingtasksappropriately,providingthenecessaryresourcesandsupport,andtrustingemployeestotakeownershipoftheirwork.Empowermentfostersasenseofautonomyandresponsibilityamongteammembers,encouragingthemtodeveloptheirskillsandcontributetheirideas.Whenemployeesfeelempowered,theyaremorelikelytobeengagedandcommittedtotheorganization'ssuccess.Finally,ethicalleadershipisparamount.Leadersmustdemonstrateintegrity,honesty,andfairnessinalltheirdealings.Theymustsetapositiveexamplefortheirteammemberstofollowandupholdtheorganization'svaluesandethicalstandards.Ethicalleadershipbuildstrustandrespect,bothwithintheorganizationandwithexternalstakeholders.Italsoensuresthattheorganizationoperatesinasociallyresponsiblemanner,contributingpositivelytosociety.Thepassageoutlinesseveralkeyprinciplesofeffectiveleadership.Byfocusingoncommunication,inspiration,empowerment,andethics,leaderscancreateapositiveandproductiveworkenvironment,fosterstrongteamrelationships,andguidetheirorganizationstowardsachievingtheirgoals.Theseprinciplesareinterconnectedandmutuallyreinforcing,formingthefoundationofstrongandsuccessfulleadership.Questions:16.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledoesclearcommunicationplayineffectiveleadership?18.Thepassagesuggeststhatinspiringandmotivatingothersinvolveswhatqualityinaleader?19.Whatdoestheconceptof"empowerment"asdescribedinthepassageinvolve?20.Whyisethicalleadershipconsideredimportantaccordingtothepassage?---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解PassageOne1.D解析思路：文章首段提出技術(shù)變革帶來的進(jìn)步，第二段轉(zhuǎn)折提出倫理問題，第三、四段分別論述數(shù)據(jù)隱私和AGI的倫理困境，最后一段總結(jié)需要面對(duì)和解決這些倫理問題。全文圍繞技術(shù)進(jìn)步引發(fā)的經(jīng)典倫理問題展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)對(duì)策略，故D項(xiàng)（探討技術(shù)進(jìn)步帶來的倫理問題及應(yīng)對(duì)策略）最能概括主旨。A項(xiàng)（描述技術(shù)變革的積極影響）片面，B項(xiàng)（強(qiáng)調(diào)技術(shù)變革的負(fù)面影響）片面，C項(xiàng)（提出技術(shù)發(fā)展的具體方向）非文章重點(diǎn)。2.B解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“Asmachinesandalgorithmsbecomemoresophisticated,theyareincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.”可知，自動(dòng)化導(dǎo)致傳統(tǒng)由人類完成的任務(wù)被機(jī)器取代。第三句進(jìn)一步說明，“Thedisplacementofworkersisnotjustaneconomicissue;itcarriessignificantsocialconsequences,includingincreasedinequalityandthepotentialforwidespreadsocietalunrestifdisplacedpopulationsarenotadequatelysupportedandretrained.”（工人的失業(yè)不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，還帶來顯著的社會(huì)后果，包括加劇不平等和廣泛的社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩，如果被解雇的工人沒有得到充分的支持和再培訓(xùn)的話。）故B項(xiàng)（經(jīng)濟(jì)上導(dǎo)致失業(yè)和加劇不平等，社會(huì)上帶來社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）準(zhǔn)確概括了自動(dòng)化帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)后果。3.C解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第二句，“Yet,thisdatacollectionoftenoccurswithlittletransparencyorconsentfromindividuals,creatingvulnerabilitiestomisusebycorporationsorgovernments.”（然而，數(shù)據(jù)收集通常缺乏透明度或個(gè)人的同意，這為公司或政府濫用數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)造了漏洞。）以及第三句，“Thepotentialforsurveillance,manipulation,andtheerosionofpersonalautonomyinthedigitalrealmposesafundamentalchallengetoindividuallibertyandthedemocraticprocess.”（在數(shù)字領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行監(jiān)視、操縱和侵蝕個(gè)人自主權(quán)的可能性對(duì)個(gè)人自由和民主進(jìn)程構(gòu)成了根本性的挑戰(zhàn)。）故C項(xiàng)（對(duì)個(gè)人自由和民主進(jìn)程構(gòu)成根本性挑戰(zhàn)）準(zhǔn)確描述了個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)收集帶來的主要挑戰(zhàn)，即隱私和安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。4.A解析思路：根據(jù)第四段第三句，“WhileAGIholdsthepotentialtosolvesomeofhumanity'smostcomplexchallenges,itscreationcouldalsoposeunforeseenrisksifitsgoalsarenotalignedwithhumanvaluesorifitsurpasseshumancontrol.”（雖然通用人工智能（AGI）有可能解決人類一些最復(fù)雜挑戰(zhàn)，但如果其目標(biāo)與人類價(jià)值觀不一致或超越人類控制，它的創(chuàng)造也可能帶來不可預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了AGI的潛力以及如果目標(biāo)或控制不當(dāng)可能帶來的“不可預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”和“existentialquestions”（存在性疑問）。A項(xiàng)（暗示其創(chuàng)造可能帶來不可預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和存在性疑問）與原文意思相符。B項(xiàng)（說明AGI是解決氣候變化的最佳方案）過度解讀且與原文不符。C項(xiàng)（認(rèn)為AGI的發(fā)展完全不受控制）與原文“ifitsurpasseshumancontrol”不符。D項(xiàng)（提出AGI是道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的主要來源）將AGI與道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)直接掛鉤，原文是“ifitsgoalsarenotalignedwithhumanvalues”，并非AGI本身的主要來源。5.D解析思路：根據(jù)最后一段，“Addressingthemrequiresamulti-facetedapproachinvolvingpolicymakers,technologists,ethicists,andthepublic.Opendialogue,robustregulation,andacommitmenttoethicalprinciplesinthedesignandimplementationofnewtechnologiesareessentialtoharnesstheirbenefitswhilemitigatingtheirpotentialharms.”（解決這些問題需要一個(gè)多方面的方法，涉及政策制定者、技術(shù)人員、倫理學(xué)家和公眾。開放的對(duì)話、強(qiáng)有力的監(jiān)管以及在新技術(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)施中堅(jiān)持倫理原則對(duì)于利用其好處和減輕其潛在危害至關(guān)重要。）這里明確提到了需要政策制定者、技術(shù)人員、倫理學(xué)家和公眾的參與，以及開放對(duì)話、強(qiáng)力監(jiān)管和對(duì)倫理原則的承諾。D項(xiàng)（需要政策制定者、技術(shù)人員、倫理學(xué)家和公眾的參與，以及開放對(duì)話、強(qiáng)力監(jiān)管和對(duì)倫理原則的承諾）概括了作者推薦的方法。PassageTwo6.A解析思路：文章首段指出全球?qū)夂蜃兓木o迫認(rèn)識(shí)，第二段詳述可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型，第三段論述減排和森林保護(hù)的重要性，第四段指出實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)展的挑戰(zhàn)及國(guó)際合作的需求。全文圍繞“如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化”這一核心問題展開論述，故A項(xiàng)（主要探討了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的多種努力和挑戰(zhàn)）最能概括文章主旨。B項(xiàng)（描述了可再生能源的優(yōu)勢(shì)）片面。C項(xiàng)（分析了減少溫室氣體排放的途徑）片面。D項(xiàng)（強(qiáng)調(diào)了國(guó)際合作的重要性）是文章的一部分，但非全文主旨。7.B解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“Whilesolar,wind,hydroelectric,andotherformsofcleanenergyarebecomingincreasinglycost-competitivewithtraditionalfossilfuels,makingthemviablealternatives...”可知，清潔能源正變得與傳統(tǒng)化石燃料越來越具有成本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，使其成為可行的替代品。這里的“cost-competitive”（成本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力）是可再生能源變得可行的關(guān)鍵因素。B項(xiàng)（清潔能源與傳統(tǒng)化石燃料的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈）準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)了原文“cost-competitive”的意思。8.C解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第一句，“Anothercriticalcomponentofclimatechangemitigationinvolvesreducinggreenhousegasemissionsfromvarioussectors,particularlytransportationandindustry.”（減少溫室氣體排放的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部分涉及來自各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的溫室氣體排放，特別是交通和工業(yè)。）除了交通和工業(yè)，該句開頭使用了“varioussectors”（各個(gè)領(lǐng)域），暗示還有其他領(lǐng)域。結(jié)合上下文，農(nóng)業(yè)（agriculture）是另一個(gè)主要的溫室氣體排放源，盡管原文未明確列出，但根據(jù)常識(shí)和文章主題，這是合理的推斷。C項(xiàng)（農(nóng)業(yè)）是根據(jù)上下文推斷出的合理答案。9.A解析思路：根據(jù)第四段第一句，“Thetransitionawayfromestablishedindustriesandenergysystemsrequiressubstantialinvestmentandpoliticalwill.”（從既有的產(chǎn)業(yè)和能源系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)型需要大量的投資和政治意愿。）這里指出，從現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)業(yè)和能源系統(tǒng)向新系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)型需要“大量的投資和政治意愿”（substantialinvestmentandpoliticalwill），這表明這是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù)，需要巨大的投入和決心。A項(xiàng)（實(shí)現(xiàn)顯著進(jìn)展需要大量的投資和政治意愿）準(zhǔn)確概括了原文的意思，即實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)展面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。10.B解析思路：根據(jù)第四段最后一句，“Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,provideaframeworkforcollaboration,buttranslatingthesecommitmentsintoconcreteactionsandensuringcomplianceremainsachallenge.”（例如《巴黎協(xié)定》等國(guó)際協(xié)議為合作提供了框架，但將這些承諾轉(zhuǎn)化為具體行動(dòng)并確保遵守仍然是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。）這里強(qiáng)調(diào)國(guó)際合作（internationalcooperation）之所以重要，是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)有的國(guó)際協(xié)議（如《巴黎協(xié)定》）提供了合作框架，但將這些框架下的承諾轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際行動(dòng)并確保各國(guó)遵守仍然存在困難。B項(xiàng)（現(xiàn)有的國(guó)際協(xié)議需要轉(zhuǎn)化為具體行動(dòng)并確保各國(guó)遵守）準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)了原文的原因。PassageThree11.C解析思路：根據(jù)第一段第一句，“Therapidpaceoftechnologicalchangeinrecentdecades...hastransformedthenatureofcommunities,givingrisetonewformsofsocialconnectionthatareoftenlessgeographicallyconstrained.”（近年來技術(shù)變革的速度很快……改變了社區(qū)的性質(zhì)，催生了新的社會(huì)聯(lián)系形式，這些形式通常不受地理位置的限制。）這里明確指出，技術(shù)變革是社區(qū)概念演變的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。C項(xiàng)（技術(shù)變革）與原文意思一致。12.A解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“Whiletheyoffernumerousbenefits,suchasprovidingsupportnetworks,facilitatinginformationsharing,andenablingconnectionswithlike-mindedindividuals...”可知，在線社區(qū)提供了許多好處，例如提供支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)、促進(jìn)信息共享以及使志趣相投的人能夠建立聯(lián)系。A項(xiàng)（提供支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)）是原文提到的好處之一。雖然原文提到了其他好處，但題目問的是“一些”好處，A項(xiàng)是直接且明確提到的。13.A解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第二句，“Whiletechnologycanfacilitatecommunicationandconnectionamongcommunitymembers,itcanalsoleadtosocialfragmentation.Forinstance,theincreasedtimespentondigitaldevicesmayreduceopportunitiesforin-personinteractions,potentiallyweakeningthesocialfabricthatholdscommunitiestogether.”（雖然技術(shù)可以促進(jìn)社區(qū)成員之間的溝通和聯(lián)系，但它也可能導(dǎo)致社會(huì)碎片化。例如，花在數(shù)字設(shè)備上的時(shí)間增加可能會(huì)減少面對(duì)面互動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)，從而可能削弱將社區(qū)聯(lián)系在一起的社會(huì)紐帶。）這里指出，數(shù)字設(shè)備的使用可能減少面對(duì)面互動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)，從而削弱社區(qū)的社會(huì)紐帶，即導(dǎo)致“社會(huì)碎片化”。A項(xiàng)（可能導(dǎo)致社會(huì)碎片化，減少面對(duì)面互動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)）概括了原文的意思。14.D解析思路：根據(jù)最后一段第二句，“Thereisagrowingrecognitionthatstrongsocialconnectionsareessentialforindividualwell-beingandthehealthofsocietyasawhole.Thishasledtoeffortstofosterbothonlineandtraditionalcommunitiesthatareinclusive,supportive,